JP5981540B2 - 流動床反応器内での連続触媒再生 - Google Patents
流動床反応器内での連続触媒再生 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5981540B2 JP5981540B2 JP2014519604A JP2014519604A JP5981540B2 JP 5981540 B2 JP5981540 B2 JP 5981540B2 JP 2014519604 A JP2014519604 A JP 2014519604A JP 2014519604 A JP2014519604 A JP 2014519604A JP 5981540 B2 JP5981540 B2 JP 5981540B2
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- Prior art keywords
- regeneration
- reaction
- zone
- catalyst
- reaction zone
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- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HFFLGKNGCAIQMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetaldehyde Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)C=O HFFLGKNGCAIQMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、まず、チャンバー、ならびにこのチャンバー内に配置されて少なくとも1つの反応ゾーンおよび少なくとも1つの再生ゾーンを画定する分離手段を含む、触媒反応器であって、反応ゾーンには反応流供給デバイスによって供給されこの反応ゾーンが第1の気体引出しデバイスに出口接続されており、再生ゾーンには再生流供給デバイスによって供給されこの再生ゾーンが第2の気体引出しデバイスに出口接続されており、反応器は反応ゾーン内に触媒粒子の流動床を含み、分離手段は、反応ゾーンから再生ゾーンへの触媒粒子の通過を可能にし、反応器は、再生ゾーン内への触媒粒子の取込み装置を含むことによって触媒粒子が反応ゾーンに戻ることを可能にするのに適している、触媒反応器に関する。
−触媒粒子の流動床の反応流により、反応器のチャンバー内に配置された反応ゾーンに供給するステップ、
−反応生成物を含む流れを、反応ゾーンの出口で引き出すステップ、
−分離手段を使用して、触媒粒子を反応ゾーンから、反応器のチャンバーの内側に配置された再生ゾーンに通すステップ、
−再生流により再生ゾーンに供給するステップ、
−触媒粒子を再生し、触媒粒子を空気圧により再生ゾーン内に取り込むステップ、
−排気を、再生ゾーンの出口で引き出すステップ、および
−取り込まれた触媒粒子を反応ゾーンに戻すステップ
を付随的に含む化学反応方法に関する。
−グリセロールを脱水してアクロレインにするための方法;または
−乳酸を脱水してアクリル酸にするための方法;または
−3−ヒドロキシプロピオン酸を脱水してアクリル酸にするための方法;または
−3−ヒドロキシイソ酪酸を脱水してメタクリル酸にするための方法;または
−α−ヒドロキシイソ酪酸とも呼ばれる2−ヒドロキシイソ酪酸を脱水してメタクリル酸にするための方法
である。
−吸引管などの内部循環手段を含む通常の流動床において、吸引管の損失水頭は気体流量によって制御される。気体流量のいかなる増加も触媒流の増加をもたらし、したがって触媒の滞留時間が削減される。気体流量と触媒の流れとの間のこの相互作用により、これら反応器の設計は特に複雑である。本発明は、一方で、一実施形態により、反応ゾーンと再生ゾーンとの間の接合部での背圧気体の射出を考え出す。これは、触媒流を気体流量とは独立に制御することを可能にし、したがって長い触媒滞留時間を維持することが可能になる。言い換えれば、本発明は、特に再生ゾーン内での流体力学のより効果的な制御が可能になり、それによって反応器の設計が単純になる。
−本発明は、気体を反応ゾーンからおよび再生ゾーンから分離することを可能にし、それによって、特に、爆発、燃焼、または部分もしくは完全酸化の危険性が生じる可能性がある酸素と炭化水素との混合を、避けることができる。
−背圧気体の射出は、反応ゾーン内の循環気体が再生ゾーンを通過するのを制限することを可能にし、それによって反応物または反応生成物の損失が制限される。
図1を参照すると、本発明による触媒反応器は、チャンバー1を含む。チャンバー1は、全体が円筒であり円形横断面を備えた形状、または全体が円筒であり正方形もしくは長方形の横断面もしくはより一般には多角形の横断面を備えた形状を有していてもよい。チャンバーの主軸(円筒の軸)は、図示されているように、垂直方向に好ましくは配置される。反応器は、上昇流中で好ましくは動作し、反応器には底部で反応物が供給され、反応の生成物が反応器の上部で取り出されることを意味する。
本発明は、有利には、再生可能な供給源からアクリル酸を生成するために、より具体的には、グリセロールを脱水してアクロレインにする第1のステップ、およびその後の、そのように得られたアクロレインを気相酸化するステップを含む、グリセロールからのアクリル酸の生成を行うために;または2−ヒドロキシプロピオン酸(乳酸)もしくは3−ヒドロキシプロピオン酸およびこれらのエステルの脱水によるアクリル酸の生成において、実施される。
−例えば温度300から400℃および圧力1から3バールでの、プロピレンおよび酸素からのアクリル酸の生成であって、副生成物がアクロレイン、酢酸、マレイン酸、プロピオン酸、アセトアルデヒド、およびアセトンである生成。
−例えば温度230から290℃および圧力10から30バールでの、エチレンおよび酸素からのエチレンオキシドの生成であって、副生成物がアセトアルデヒドおよびホルムアルデヒドである生成。
−例えば温度220から300℃および圧力2から6バールでの、エチレン、塩酸および酸素からの1,2−ジクロロエタンの生成であって、副生成物が一酸化炭素、クロラールおよび様々な塩素化化合物である生成。
−例えば温度175から230℃および圧力15から30バールでの、p−キシレンおよび酸素からのテレフタル酸の生成であって、副生成物が無水マレイン酸、o−トルイル酸および安息香酸である生成。
Claims (10)
- −触媒粒子の流動床(5)の反応流により、反応器のチャンバー(1)内に配置された反応ゾーン(3)に供給するステップ、
−反応生成物を含む流れを、前記反応ゾーン(3)の出口で引き出すステップ、
−分離手段(2)を使用して、触媒粒子を前記反応ゾーン(3)から、前記反応器の前記チャンバー(1)の内側に配置された再生ゾーン(4)に通すステップ、
−再生流により前記再生ゾーン(4)に供給するステップ、
−前記触媒粒子を再生し、前記触媒粒子を空気圧により前記再生ゾーン(4)内に取り込むステップ、
−排気を、前記再生ゾーン(4)の前記出口で引き出すステップ、および
−取り込まれた前記触媒粒子を前記反応ゾーン(3)に戻すステップ
を付随的に含む化学反応方法であって、
前記化学反応は、前記触媒の失活時間(反応後に、前記触媒がその効率の25%を失った反応時間と定義される。)が再生時間(再生後に、その当初の効力の25%を失った触媒が前記当初の効力の100%まで回復する再生時間と定義される。)よりも1から20倍長いことを特徴とする、化学反応方法。 - 前記反応ゾーン(3)から前記再生ゾーン(4)への触媒粒子の流れが、背圧気体の射出によって調節される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記再生流が酸素を含み、前記反応流が酸素を含む、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- −グリセロールを脱水してアクロレインにするための方法、または
−乳酸を脱水してアクリル酸にするための方法、または
−3−ヒドロキシプロピオン酸を脱水してアクリル酸にするための方法、
−3−ヒドロキシイソ酪酸を脱水してメタクリル酸にするための方法、または
−2−ヒドロキシイソ酪酸を脱水してメタクリル酸にするための方法、または
−メタノールからホルムアルデヒドもしくはジメトキシメタンへの酸化、エタノールからアセトアルデヒドもしくはジエトキシエタンへの酸化、オルトキシレンもしくはナフタレンから無水フタル酸への酸化、またはベンゼン、ブテン、ブタノール、もしくはブタンから無水マレイン酸への酸化を含む選択的酸化のための方法、
−プロピレンを酸化してアクロレインにし、若しくはイソブテンまたはtert−ブタノールを酸化してメタクロレインにするための方法、または
−アクロレインを酸化してアクリル酸にし、若しくはメタクロレインを酸化してメタクリル酸にするための方法
である、請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の方法。 - チャンバー(1)並びに前記チャンバー(1)内に配置されて少なくとも1つの反応ゾーン(3)および少なくとも1つの再生ゾーン(4)を画定する分離手段(2)を含む触媒反応器であって、前記反応ゾーン(3)は反応流供給デバイス(15、16)によって供給されており、前記反応ゾーン(3)は第1の気体引出しデバイス(13)に出口接続されており、前記再生ゾーン(4)は再生流供給デバイス(17)によって供給されており、前記再生ゾーン(4)は第2の気体引出しデバイス(10)に出口接続されており、前記反応器は前記反応ゾーン(3)内に触媒粒子の流動床(5)を含み、前記分離手段(2)は、前記反応ゾーン(3)から前記再生ゾーン(4)への前記触媒粒子の通過を可能にし、前記反応器は、前記再生ゾーン(4)内への触媒粒子の取込み装置を含むことによって触媒粒子が前記反応ゾーン(3)に戻ることを可能にするのに適しており、前記反応器は、(1つ以上の)前記再生ゾーン(4)の最大横断面に対する、前記反応ゾーン(3)内の触媒床の最大横断面の比が1から100であることを特徴とする、触媒反応器で実施される、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記分離手段(2)が管状壁を含み、前記反応ゾーン(3)が前記管状壁の外側に据えられ、前記再生ゾーン(4)が前記管状壁の内側に据えられる、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記再生ゾーン(4)が上部(7)および底部(6)を含み、前記上部(7)が前記底部(6)の横断面よりも小さい横断面を有し、前記底部(6)は触媒粒子の流動床を含むのに適しており、前記上部(7)は触媒粒子を取り込むのに適している、請求項5または6に記載の方法。
- 前記触媒反応器が、前記チャンバー(1)内の下方グリッド(14)であって下方グリッドの上方に前記触媒粒子を保持するのに適した下方グリッドを含み、隙間が前記分離手段(2)と前記下方グリッド(14)との間に設けられて、触媒粒子が前記反応ゾーン(3)から前記再生ゾーン(4)に通過するのを可能にする、請求項5から7のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記触媒反応器が、バッフルシステム(19)を前記反応ゾーン(3)内に含み、前記バッフルシステム(19)と前記分離手段(2)との間に空間(20)を設ける、請求項5から8のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記触媒反応器が、前記空間(20)内に背圧気体(18)を射出するための手段を含む、請求項9に記載の方法。
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FR1156312A FR2977809B1 (fr) | 2011-07-12 | 2011-07-12 | Regeneration de catalyseur en continu dans un reacteur a lit fluidise |
FR1156312 | 2011-07-12 | ||
PCT/FR2012/051617 WO2013007941A2 (fr) | 2011-07-12 | 2012-07-09 | Regeneration de catalyseur en continu dans un reacteur a lit fluidise |
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CN108794291B (zh) * | 2017-04-27 | 2020-11-27 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 甲醇和/或二甲醚与甲苯制对二甲苯联产低碳烯烃的流化床装置及方法 |
CN108786671B (zh) * | 2017-04-27 | 2021-04-23 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 甲醇和/或二甲醚与苯制对二甲苯联产低碳烯烃的流化床装置及方法 |
RU2652198C1 (ru) * | 2017-07-04 | 2018-04-25 | Акционерное общество "Специальное конструкторско-технологическое бюро "Катализатор" | Распределитель катализатора для системы реактор-регенератор дегидрирования парафиновых углеводородов С3-С5 с кипящим слоем |
CN110052226B (zh) * | 2019-04-26 | 2022-08-02 | 上海华畅环保设备发展有限公司 | 沸腾床加氢反应器中催化剂原位在线旋流活性恢复方法和装置 |
CN109999729B (zh) * | 2019-04-26 | 2022-08-02 | 上海华畅环保设备发展有限公司 | 沸腾床加氢反应器中催化剂原位在线旋流活性恢复方法和装置 |
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GB8810390D0 (en) * | 1988-05-03 | 1988-06-08 | Shell Int Research | Apparatus & process for exchanging heat between solid particles & heat exchange medium |
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EP2179981A1 (en) | 2008-10-24 | 2010-04-28 | Arkema France | Process for manufacturing acrolein from glycerol |
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CN103702751A (zh) | 2014-04-02 |
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JP2014524835A (ja) | 2014-09-25 |
US9427718B2 (en) | 2016-08-30 |
WO2013007941A3 (fr) | 2013-03-28 |
CN103702751B (zh) | 2016-10-12 |
FR2977809A1 (fr) | 2013-01-18 |
WO2013007941A2 (fr) | 2013-01-17 |
EP2731703B1 (fr) | 2017-08-23 |
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