JP5980579B2 - Construction method of embankment structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a construction how embankment structures such as embankments near seawall and estuaries.

  In general, a dike such as a tide embankment has a structure in which slopes are inclined on both sides in the extending direction of the embankment, and the both sides and the upper surface are covered with a concrete wall (Patent Document 1). And 2). Moreover, the thing of the structure which used the sea side slope as a wave-returning work (concrete retaining wall) is also known (refer patent document 3).

JP 2002-212931 A JP 2010-24745 A JP 2003-206520 A

  However, since the conventional construction methods described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 have a structure in which embankments are covered with concrete, when a tsunami exceeding the height of a dike is attacked, (A) to (A) in FIG. As shown in (C), (a) the seam between the reversing work (concrete retaining wall) and concrete is peeled off, (b) the top concrete is lifted by lifting pressure, and (c) the back side is washed It may be dug, the concrete wall of the backside lawn part may be turned up by the flowing water pressure, (d) bending breakage may occur due to falling flow or drifting material, and (e) the ground may be scoured. Moreover, in the revetment coating work described in Patent Document 3, there is a problem that (f) the wave reversing work (concrete retaining wall) falls during pulling, or (g) the foundation is washed away. For this reason, for example, in order to withstand the overflow in the prior art, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the coated concrete in order to increase its own weight against the lifting pressure. For this reason, there exists a problem of causing a cost increase. In addition, when anchor material made of metal rods is driven into the embankment instead of suppressing the increase in the thickness of concrete, it is necessary to drive a large number of anchor materials in order to resist the lifting pressure in order to anchor in a point shape, There are problems in terms of workability and cost. Furthermore, when using metal anchor rods for coastal structures, there is a problem in terms of durability in consideration of corrosion.

  In particular, for tsunamis of the Great East Japan Earthquake level, a technology to build a levee that can withstand erosion during overflow from the viewpoint of reducing damage to the hinterland and that does not immediately lead to a breach even if certain damage occurs. Is required. When the strength of the concrete is reached, the normal tide embankment of the coated concrete causes brittle fracture, and a discontinuous surface is formed by the progress of the crack. Assuming a tsunami of the Great East Japan Earthquake level, if the overflow water depth on the embankment at the time of tsunami overflow is 10m, the impact force generated by the falling flow will be 500kN or more, and the covering concrete on the rear slope will bend and break Will cause. For this reason, concrete is easily peeled off or pushed away. In addition, the damage is devastating because it develops into a chain collapse starting from that part. For this reason, it is very important that the function as a dike is not completely lost even if it receives some damage. Moreover, in the conventional construction method, since the concrete and the embankment part of the back surface are not connected, a cavity arises in the back side of covering concrete by shrinkage | contraction or settlement of embankment or foundation ground. In particular, not only the subsidence of the ground and embankment during the service period, but also the embankment of the embankment and severe ground subsidence due to crustal deformation, such as the Great East Japan Earthquake, can avoid the formation of voids behind the coated concrete. Absent. Since the coated concrete is only stable due to the frictional force with the embankment, if a seismic force acts in a state where a cavity is formed, sufficient frictional force cannot be expected, and sliding between the coated concrete and the embankment will occur. Or cracks, or unevenness such as misalignment may occur. In such a state, when the tsunami overflows, the coated concrete cracks due to the impact force of the falling flow, or a large flowing water pressure acts on the crack surface and the uneven surface, and the coated concrete is peeled off or pushed away. There is a risk that.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and has a simple construction, improves the erosion resistance at low cost, and is chained even if it is somewhat damaged by a tsunami or the like. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for constructing an embankment structure capable of avoiding collapse, an embankment structure constructed by the method, and a reinforcing body structure of the embankment structure constructed by the method.

In the method for building a banking structure according to claim 1 of the present invention, a net-like material having a gap allowing the inflow of concrete is formed on the ground side surface in the direction outside and inside the banking structure. Extend and lay, put coarse grain material on the mesh material along the planned position of the embankment structure, wrap around the coarse grain material by folding at least one of the free ends of the mesh material inside and outside the embankment structure The first step of forming a wall part that forms a part of the wall body by securing a gap allowing the flow of concrete between the encased coarse particles, and filling the back side of the wall body In the second step of forming the upper surface of the embankment, a new mesh material is laid on the wall body and the embankment upper surface, extending in the direction outside the wall based on the planned embankment structure formation position, and the new mesh material Put a coarse material on top and wrap it, and put a new wall on the lower wall Spraying a third step of forming a part, which has a fourth step of leveling and the second and third steps were repeated reaches the desired wall height, the concrete from the outside formed wall portion And a fifth step of forming a wall body by filling the coarse-grained material, curing and curing, and integrating the net-like material and the coarse-grained material with concrete.

In the construction method of the embankment structure according to claim 1 of the present invention, a net-like material having a gap allowing the inflow of concrete is formed on the ground side surface in the inward / outward direction of the embankment structure based on the planned embankment structure formation position. Extend and lay, put coarse grain material on the mesh material along the planned position of the embankment structure, wrap around the coarse grain material by folding at least one of the free ends of the mesh material inside and outside the embankment structure The first step of forming a wall part that forms a part of the wall body by securing a gap allowing the flow of concrete between the encased coarse particles, and filling the back side of the wall body In the second step of forming the upper surface of the embankment, a new mesh material is laid on the wall body and the embankment upper surface, extending in the direction outside the wall based on the planned embankment structure formation position, and the new mesh material Put coarse grain material on top and wrap it up. A third step of forming the body portion, and having a fourth step of leveling and the second and third steps were repeated reaches the desired wall height, the concrete from the outside formed wall portion Since it has a fifth step of forming a wall body by spraying and filling into the coarse particles, curing and curing, and integrating the mesh material and the coarse particles with the concrete, the coarse particles and the mesh A wall body integrated with the material is formed, and the embankment is bonded through the surface and multi-layered concrete and coarse particles. For this reason, when attacked by a tsunami, floating is prevented against the lifting pressure generated when seawater crosses the upper surface of the structure, and even if cracks or cracks occur, the water pressure does not easily go to the embankment side and is not easily peeled off. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent the concrete from being bent and broken by the surface load distribution with respect to the impact force caused by the wave force or the drop force. In addition, the wall body is integrated with the embankment against an earthquake, so it is not easily damaged. Of course, when the embankment structure is applied to a river embankment, it will not easily collapse even if there is an overflow.

  The construction method of the embankment structure which concerns on Claim 2 of this invention is characterized by extending the embankment side free end of the folded net-like material to the embankment side at the time of wall body formation.

  In the method for building a banking structure according to claim 3 of the present invention, when a net-like material is extended and laid in the inside / outside direction of the banking structure, a form for molding the outer surface of a wall body is installed, and the net-like material is used as the formwork. The outer end portion is extended along the wall, and the outer surface of the wall body portion is molded using this formwork when the wall body portion is formed.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for constructing an embankment structure, in which a coarse grain material is put in a mesh bag body having a gap that allows inflow of concrete in advance and sealed. In the first step, a sandbag with a void that allows flow is secured, and in the first step, this sandbag is placed on the ground side surface with reference to the planned embankment structure formation position to form a wall body portion. In the process, a new sandbag is disposed on the upper surface of the wall body and the upper surface of the embankment, and a new wall body is formed on the lower wall body by arranging the embankment structure formation planned position as a reference. The wall body is formed by integrating the net-like bag body constituting the sandbag and the coarse grain material with concrete.

  The method for building a banking structure according to claim 5 of the present invention is a first step in which a net-like material having a gap allowing the inflow of concrete is formed on the ground side surface, based on the planned position of the banking structure formation. Extend and lay in the direction of the embankment structure, and place the sandbag on the net-like material based on the planned position of the embankment structure formation to form the wall body. In the second step, embankment on the back side of the wall body To form an embankment upper surface, and when a new wall body is formed in the third step, the second step and the third step are repeated. It is characterized in that at least one of the free ends of the material in the embankment structure is folded back so as to wrap the multilayered wall body, and at least one extended end of the net-like material is embedded in the embankment.

  The method for building a banking structure according to claim 6 of the present invention is characterized in that the wall body portions are stacked while being inclined such that the outer side is up and the inner side is down.

In the method for building a banking structure according to claim 7 of the present invention, a net-like material having a gap allowing the inflow of concrete is formed on the ground side surface in the direction toward the inside and outside of the banking structure based on the planned position of the banking structure formation. Extending and laying, fixing the steel frame formed with a number of voids allowing the inflow of concrete at the embankment structure formation planned position on the net-like material, throwing coarse material along the steel frame, A first step of securing a gap allowing the flow of concrete between the input coarse particles and forming a wall body part of the wall body by the steel frame and the coarse particle material; Filling the back side to form the embankment upper surface, wrapping the outer edge of the mesh material, wrapping the steel frame and extending it to the embankment upper surface, and embedding the mesh material on the wall and the embankment upper surface Based on the planned structure formation position, lay and extend in and out of the embankment structure. After established the steel frame in the creation formation planned position, the coarse-grained material is charged along the steel frame, a new and secure a gap to allow the flow of concrete between the entered coarse material wall A third step of forming a portion, and a fourth step of repeating the second and third steps to level the ground when a desired wall height is reached, and placing concrete on the formed wall portion And a fifth step of forming a wall body by curing and hardening and integrating the coarse grain material and the steel frame with concrete.

In the construction method of the embankment structure according to claim 7 of the present invention, a net-like material having a gap allowing the inflow of concrete is formed on the ground side surface in the inward / outward direction of the embankment structure based on the planned embankment structure formation position. Extending and laying, fixing the steel frame formed with a number of voids allowing the inflow of concrete at the embankment structure formation planned position on the net-like material, throwing coarse material along the steel frame, A first step of securing a gap allowing the flow of concrete between the input coarse particles and forming a wall body part of the wall body by the steel frame and the coarse particle material; Filling the back side to form the embankment upper surface, wrapping the outer edge of the mesh material, wrapping the steel frame and extending it to the embankment upper surface, and embedding the mesh material on the wall and the embankment upper surface Based on the planned formation position of the structure, it is laid and extended in and out of the embankment structure. After established the steel frame to a structure to be formed position, the coarse-grained material was poured along the steel frame, the entered coarse material between the newly secured a gap to allow the flow of concrete wall A third step of forming a body part, and a fourth step of repeating the second and third steps to level the ground when a desired wall height is reached, and concrete is applied to the formed wall part. And the fifth step of forming the wall body by integrating the coarse grain material and the steel frame with concrete so as to be cured and cured, so that the coarse grain material and the steel frame are integrated with the concrete. The wall is formed, and the embankment is joined through the surface and multi-layered concrete and coarse-grained material. For this reason, when attacked by a tsunami, floating is prevented against the lifting pressure generated when seawater crosses the upper surface of the structure, and even if cracks or cracks occur, the water pressure does not easily go to the embankment side and is not easily peeled off. Furthermore, bending failure of the concrete can be prevented by the surface load distribution with respect to the impact force. In the case of an above-ground structure, the wall body is integrated with the embankment against seismic force, and is not easily damaged. When the embankment structure is applied to a river dike, it will not easily collapse even if there is an overflow.

Construction method of embankment structure according to claim 8 of the present invention, the rear side inner surface of the steel frame, connects one end of the net material, laying the other end to ground or embankment top, is charged with the mesh material It is characterized by being embedded in coarse grained material and embankment.

  The embankment structure building method according to claim 9 of the present invention is characterized in that in the fifth step, concrete is sprayed from the outside of the wall body to fill the coarse particles.

  In the fifth aspect of the method for building an embankment structure according to the present invention, in the fifth step, a concrete outer wall molding form is placed on the outside of the formed wall body part, and the concrete is cast, after curing and curing. It is characterized by demolding.

  The embankment structure building method according to claim 11 of the present invention is characterized in that concrete is placed by placing a concrete wall molding form on the outside of a part of the laminated wall body portions.

  In the method for building an embankment structure according to claim 11 of the present invention, the concrete is formed by placing a concrete wall molding form on the outside of a part of the laminated wall parts. A concrete outer wall is formed outside the section.

  The embankment structure building method according to claim 12 of the present invention is characterized in that the steel frame is formed in any one of a lattice shape, a fence shape, or a mesh shape.

  In the method for building a banking structure according to claim 13 of the present invention, the concrete material molded at the embankment structure formation planned position is fixed to the ground side surface, and the coarse material is molded along the concrete material. A first step of forming a wall body part forming a part of the wall body by securing a gap allowing the flow of concrete between the input coarse particle material and forming the molded concrete material and the coarse particle material; The second step of throwing the embankment into the back side of the wall part to form the upper surface of the embankment, and throwing the coarse material along the molded concrete material, and the flow of the concrete between the thrown coarse material A third step of forming a new wall body portion while ensuring a gap that permits the passage of the first and second steps, and a fourth step of leveling the ground when the desired concrete material height is reached by repeating the second and third steps. At the same time, put concrete on the formed wall Is characterized by having a concrete member which is molded with the coarse-grained material is raw cured a fifth step of forming a wall by integrated by concrete.

  In the embankment structure construction method according to claim 13 of the present invention, the concrete material molded at the position where the embankment structure is to be formed is fixed to the ground side surface, and the coarse material is formed along the concrete material molded. A first step of forming a wall body part forming a part of the wall body by securing a gap allowing the flow of concrete between the input coarse particle material and forming the molded concrete material and the coarse particle material; The second step of throwing the embankment into the back side of the wall part to form the upper surface of the embankment, and throwing the coarse material along the molded concrete material, and the flow of the concrete between the thrown coarse material A third step of forming a new wall body portion while ensuring a gap that permits the passage of the first and second steps, and a fourth step of leveling the ground when the desired concrete material height is reached by repeating the second and third steps. At the same time, put concrete on the formed wall. The fifth step of forming a wall body by integrating the hardened and coarse-grained material and the molded concrete material with concrete so as to have the coarse-grained material and the molded concrete material made of concrete. An integrated wall is formed, and the embankment is joined through concrete and layered concrete and coarse-grained material. For this reason, when attacked by a tsunami, floating is prevented against the lifting pressure generated when seawater crosses the upper surface of the structure, and even if cracks or cracks occur, the water pressure does not easily go to the embankment side and is not easily peeled off. Furthermore, bending failure of the concrete can be prevented by the surface load distribution with respect to the impact force. In the case of an above-ground structure, the wall body is integrated with the embankment against seismic force, and is not easily damaged. When the embankment structure is applied to a river dike, it will not easily collapse even if there is an overflow.

According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for constructing an embankment structure in which one end of a net-like material having a gap allowing the inflow of concrete is connected to the inner surface on the back side of the concrete material , and the other end is laid on the ground or the upper surface of the embankment. The net-like material is embedded in the coarse-grained material and the embankment.

  The method for building an embankment structure according to claim 15 of the present invention is characterized in that the molded concrete material is sequentially connected to a new concrete material on the upper side in accordance with the stacking of the wall portions.

  In the method for building an embankment structure according to claim 16 of the present invention, the molded concrete material has a void portion for receiving the flow of concrete inside, and a constraining portion for constraining the hardened concrete is formed after the concrete is hardened. It is characterized by that.

In the method for building a banking structure according to claim 17 of the present invention, the net-like material includes a fixture attached to a molded concrete material or a steel frame, a net-like material connected to the fixture and extended to the embankment side, and this It is characterized by comprising a pile that fixes a net-like material.

  In the method for building an embankment structure according to claim 18 of the present invention, after the wall portion is formed, a filter material that has water permeability and prevents outflow of earth and sand is introduced before the embedding of the embankment. A filter layer is formed between the two.

  The method for building an embankment structure according to claim 19 of the present invention is characterized in that after leveling, the settlement of the embankment or embankment and the supporting ground below it stops and the coarse grain material settles down, and then concrete is poured. Yes.

  The embankment structure building method according to claim 20 of the present invention is such that when the slope of the laminated wall body portion is placed from the top of the wall body portion laminated with concrete, the lower wall surface sequentially from the upper wall body portion. It is characterized in that it is determined according to the angle at which it can flow to the body.

  According to claim 21 of the present invention, there is provided a method for constructing an embankment structure comprising: a tube body having an upper end opening capable of receiving concrete when a wall body is formed; It is characterized by being embedded in coarse-grained material.

  The embankment structure construction method according to claim 22 of the present invention is characterized in that the coarse-grained material includes any one of stone, gravel, gravel, ballast, crushed material, volcanic gravel and concrete fragments. .

  The embankment structure construction method according to claim 23 of the present invention includes earth, sand, mountain soil, gravel, gravel, ballast, clay soil, soil improvement material, solidified soil, crushed material, volcanic ash, volcanic gravel, It is characterized by containing either iron ore and residue.

  In the method for building an embankment structure according to claim 24 of the present invention, the reticulated material is at least one of a metal strip, a geogrid, a geotextile, a geosynthetic, a resin sheet, or a non-woven fabric each having a mesh. It is characterized by comprising 1.

In the method for building a banking structure according to claim 1 of the present invention, a net-like material having a gap allowing the inflow of concrete is formed on the ground side surface in the direction outside and inside the banking structure. Extend and lay, put coarse grain material on the mesh material along the planned position of the embankment structure, wrap around the coarse grain material by folding at least one of the free ends of the mesh material inside and outside the embankment structure The first step of forming a wall part that forms a part of the wall body by securing a gap allowing the flow of concrete between the encased coarse particles, and filling the back side of the wall body In the second step of forming the upper surface of the embankment, a new mesh material is laid on the wall body and the embankment upper surface, extending in the direction outside the wall based on the planned embankment structure formation position, and the new mesh material Put a coarse material on top and wrap it, and put a new wall on the lower wall Spraying a third step of forming a part, which has a fourth step of leveling and the second and third steps were repeated reaches the desired wall height, the concrete from the outside formed wall portion And having a fifth step of forming a wall body by filling the coarse-grained material, curing and curing, and integrating the net-like material and the coarse-grained material with concrete to lift the embankment structure even if it is subjected to a tsunami. It is difficult to lift against pressure, prevents water pressure from wrapping around and hardly peels off, can achieve surface load distribution with respect to impact force, and can improve the bending fracture prevention performance of concrete. Moreover, protection performance can be improved against wave erosion such as dams, rivers, and waterway revetments.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for constructing an embankment structure in which a net-like material having a gap allowing the inflow of concrete is formed on the ground side surface, and the inside and outside of the embankment structure are based on the planned embankment structure formation position. A steel frame with a large number of voids allowing the inflow of concrete is fixed at the planned embankment formation position on the net-like material , and coarse particles are thrown along the steel frame. A first step of forming a wall portion that forms a part of the wall body by a steel frame and the coarse particle material, and securing a gap allowing the flow of the concrete between the charged coarse particle materials; The second step of throwing the embankment into the back side of the part to form the embankment upper surface, wrapping the outer edge of the mesh material, wrapping the steel frame and extending it to the embankment upper surface, and the mesh material on the wall and the embankment upper surface Laid out in the direction of the embankment structure based on the planned position of the embankment structure. After established the steel frame in the embankment structure to be formed position, and the coarse material is poured along the steel frame, to secure a space to allow the flow of concrete between the entered coarse material new A third step of forming the wall body portion, and a fourth step of repeating the second and third steps to level the ground when the desired wall body height is reached, and concrete is applied to the formed wall body portion. And having a fifth step of forming a wall body by integrating the coarse-grained material and the steel frame with concrete by casting and curing, so that even if the embankment structure suffers a tsunami, Therefore, it is difficult to lift up, prevent the water pressure from wrapping around and hardly peel off, can achieve a surface load distribution with respect to the impact force, and can improve the bending fracture prevention performance of concrete. Moreover, protection performance can be improved against wave erosion such as dams, rivers, and waterway revetments.

  Furthermore, in the method for building an embankment structure according to claim 13 of the present invention, a concrete material molded at a position where the embankment structure is to be formed is fixed to a surface on the ground side, and a coarse material is molded into the concrete material. And a wall portion that forms a part of the wall body is formed by the formed concrete material and the coarse particle material while ensuring a gap allowing the flow of the concrete between the input coarse particle materials. A step, a second step of throwing the embankment into the back side of the wall and forming the upper surface of the embankment, and throwing the coarse material along the molded concrete material, and the concrete between the thrown coarse material A third step of forming a new wall portion by securing a gap allowing the flow of the second, a fourth step of repeating the second and third steps and leveling when reaching a desired concrete material height; And concrete on the formed wall And having a fifth step of forming a wall body by integrating the coarse-grained material and the molded concrete material with concrete to form a wall body, so that even if the embankment structure is subjected to a tsunami, On the other hand, it is difficult to lift up, prevents the water pressure from wrapping around and hardly peels off, can achieve surface load distribution with respect to the impact force, and can improve the bending fracture prevention performance of concrete. Moreover, protection performance can be improved against wave erosion such as dams, rivers, and waterway revetments.

FIGS. 1A to 1I are explanatory views showing the construction process of the embankment structure constructed by the construction method of the embankment structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention in order, FIG. (J) is a cross-sectional view showing an enlarged main part, and (K) is an explanatory view showing a state in which a reinforcing material is laid in an extending direction of a wall body. Example 1 FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a state where the construction of the wall portion of the embankment structure of FIG. 3 (A) to 3 (C) respectively, a concrete wall molding form is installed on a part of the wall part of the embankment structure of FIG. 1, and a concrete wall is formed outside a part of the wall part. It is explanatory drawing which shows the process to do. FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a main part of the wall body part and the concrete outer wall molding form shown in FIG. 3 when concrete is placed. FIG. 5: is a principal part expanded sectional view which expands and shows the principal part of the concrete outer wall after demolding, a wall body, and embankment. FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an example in which the embankment structure constructed by the embankment structure construction method according to the first embodiment is applied to a tide embankment. (A) thru | or (C) of FIG. 7 is explanatory drawing which shows the embankment structure construction process built by the construction method of the embankment structure concerning the 2nd Example of this invention later on in order. (Example 2) FIG. 8: is a principal part expanded sectional view which expands and shows the principal part of the concrete wall after demolding, the lowermost wall part, and embankment about the embankment structure built by the process of FIG. FIGS. 9A and 9B are explanatory views showing modifications of the wall portion. (A) thru | or (C) of FIG. 10 is explanatory drawing which shows the construction process of the embankment structure constructed | assembled by the construction method of the embankment structure based on the 3rd Example of this invention later on in order. (Example 3) 11 (A) and 11 (B) are respectively an explanatory view showing an embankment structure constructed by the embankment structure construction method according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, and a mesh bag body constituting a wall portion. It is explanatory drawing of. Example 4 FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a banking structure built by the banking structure building method according to the fifth embodiment. (Example 5) FIG. 13 shows an embankment structure built by the embankment structure construction method according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention, and an example in which the embankment structure construction method according to the fourth embodiment is applied to a ballast track. It is explanatory drawing which shows. (Example 6) FIG. 14 shows an embankment structure built by the embankment structure construction method according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention, and an example in which the embankment structure construction method according to the fifth embodiment is applied to a ballast track. It is explanatory drawing which shows. (Example 7) FIG. 15 shows a banking structure built by the banking structure building method according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention, and the banking structure building method of the first embodiment and the banking of the sixth embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example applied to the ballast track | truck in combination with the construction method of a structure. (Example 8) FIG. 16 shows the embankment structure built by the embankment structure construction method according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention, and the embankment structure construction method of the second embodiment and the embankment of the seventh embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example applied to the ballast track | truck in combination with the construction method of a structure. Example 9 (A) thru | or (I) of FIG. 17 is explanatory drawing which shows the embankment structure built by the construction method of the embankment structure based on the 10th Example of this invention, respectively. (Example 10) (A) thru | or (G) of FIG. 18 is explanatory drawing which shows the embankment structure built by the construction method of the embankment structure which concerns on the 11th Example of this invention, respectively. (Example 11) FIG. 19 is an explanatory view showing a modification of the embankment structure of FIG. FIG. 20 shows the embankment structure built by the embankment structure construction method according to the twelfth embodiment of the present invention, and the embankment structure construction method of the first embodiment and the embankment of the eleventh embodiment. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example applied in combination with the construction method of a structure. Example 12 FIGS. 21A to 21C each show a banking structure built by the banking structure building method according to the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 21A is applied to the eleventh embodiment. (B) is an explanatory diagram showing an example applied to the first embodiment, and (C) is an explanatory diagram showing an example applied to the fifth embodiment. (Example 13) 22A to 22D are explanatory views showing the embankment structure constructed by the embedding structure construction method according to the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention, respectively, and FIG. (Example 14) which is explanatory drawing which shows the kind of joint of a concrete panel FIG. 23 is an explanatory view showing a banking structure built by the banking structure building method according to the fifteenth embodiment of the present invention. (Example 15) (A) thru | or (C) of FIG. 24 is explanatory drawing which shows the state of the damage by a tsunami about the conventional embankment structure, respectively.

  For the purpose of improving erosion resistance and preventing chain collapse even if it is damaged somewhat by tsunami etc., a net-like material with a gap allowing the inflow of concrete on the ground side surface is used for embankment structure Based on the planned formation position, lay out and extend in and out of the embankment structure, and put coarse particles on the mesh material along the planned embankment structure formation position. At least one of them is folded to wrap the coarse material, and a wall portion that forms a part of the wall body is formed by securing a gap allowing the flow of concrete between the wrapped coarse material, and then folded. A first step of extending the embankment-side free end of the net-like material to the embankment side, a second step of forming the embankment upper surface by introducing the embankment on the back side of the wall body portion, the wall body portion and the embankment upper surface, In addition, a new net-like material is planned to form a banking structure. Based on the above, it is laid and extended in the direction of the outside of the wall, and the coarse mesh material is put on the new mesh material and wrapped, the free end of the folded mesh material is extended to the embankment side, and the lower wall body part And a third step of forming a new wall portion on the surface, and a fourth step of repeating the second and third steps to level the ground when the desired wall height is reached. A concrete outer wall molding form is installed outside the part, and the concrete is cast and cured and cured. After demolding, the net-like material and the coarse particles are integrated with the concrete, and the wall has the concrete outer wall on the outside. This is realized by having a fifth step of forming a body.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. (A) thru | or (I) of FIG. 1 is explanatory drawing which shows the embankment structure built by the construction method of the embankment structure concerning the 1st Example of this invention later on in order. In this specification, the embankment structure is an embankment construction structure provided with a wall body, and the wall body is formed by repeating the construction of the wall body portion constituting a part of the wall body and the introduction of the embankment. This refers to general embankment structures to be formed, including not only infrastructure structures such as seawalls, embankments, waterways and roads, railroad tracks, rivers and ponds, but also residential land, farmland, and waste. And remnants, places where volcanic ash is stored, reinforced structures for cliffs and landslides. In addition, the seawall mentioned in this specification means a bank-type seawall. As shown in FIG. 1A, the embankment structure 2 constructed by the embankment structure construction method according to the present embodiment is constructed at a construction place (surface on the ground side) 4 on the ground 3. . The ground 3 may be a leveled ground or an ungrounded ground. Further, in this embodiment, the embankment structure 2 is constructed in the construction place 4 on the flat ground 3, but is not limited to this, for example, on the ground along a levee body or a cliff. You may make it build to. Hereinafter, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.

  First, as shown in FIG. 1A, a wall surface formation planned position P1 for determining the position of the wall surface of the wall body is predetermined in the construction place 4 of the ground 3 based on the design plan. When the planned position P1 is determined, the ground 3 is excavated by a predetermined depth inwardly from the position Pk set back by a predetermined distance K1 from the wall surface formation planned position P1 to the back side, thereby forming a step 3B and flat. The excavation surface 4A is formed. Next, as shown in FIG. 1B, a mold 10 having a molding surface 11 is installed at the predetermined position P1. The molding surface 11 of the mold 10 is formed of a half-shaped curved plate formed by molding a part of the wall surface and having a circular arc cross section. In the present embodiment, the height dimension h of the molding surface 11 is set to 35 cm.

  When the mold frame 10 is installed at the wall surface formation planned position P1, next, a net-like reinforcing material (net-like material) 6 having a predetermined laying length and flexibility is used with the inner and outer ends 6B and 6C as a reference. Is extended in the direction outside the wall (perpendicular to the extending direction of the wall). At this time, the back side of the reinforcing material 6 from the mold 10 reaches the excavation surface 4A through the step 3B from the upper surface of the ground 3, and a step portion 6F is generated at a portion corresponding to the step 3B. Next, the portion (center portion 6A) covering the mold 10 of the reinforcing material 6 is attached to the molding surface 11 of the mold 10 and the outer end 6B is folded back from the mold 10 to extend outside the wall body to be formed. At the same time, the inner end 6C is extended and laid on the back excavation surface 4A. That is, the reinforcing member 6 is laid by extending both end sides 6B and 6C in the wall exterior / external direction with reference to the wall surface formation planned position P1. In other words, the central portion 6A of the reinforcing member 6 is positioned on the predetermined position P1 and laid so as to pass through the predetermined position P1.

  The reinforcing material 6 is a tensile reinforcing material formed in a mesh shape, and the mesh is a gap allowing the inflow of concrete. The material of the reinforcing member 6 is composed of at least one of a metal strip, a geogrid of a polymer material formed in a planar shape, a geotextile, geosynthetics, a resin sheet, or a nonwoven fabric. As shown in FIG. 1 (K), the reinforcing member 6 is laid in such a manner that end portions 6R and 6L adjacent to each other along the extending direction of the wall body to be built are overlapped with each other. The overlapping width is the laying width that provides the required pulling resistance, but is approximately 20 to 40 cm in calculation.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 1 (C), the coarse-grained material 7 is thrown into the laid reinforcing material 6 along the wall surface formation planned position P1 in the wall body extending direction. The coarse-grained material 7 is introduced from the mold 10 side, and is introduced into the curved surface in contact with the molding surface 11 of the reinforcing material 6 without a gap. When the coarse particles 7 are stacked or confined in a bag, a gap allowing the flow of concrete is formed between the coarse particles 7. That is, the coarse material 7 is preferably a large filling material of 20 to 30 mm or larger, such as stone (20 to 30 mm single-grain crushed stone No. 4, 50 to 150 mm quarry), gravel, gravel, ballast, Any one of crushed material, volcanic gravel and concrete pieces, or a mixture thereof is used.

  When the coarse-grained material 7 is put into the laid reinforcing material 6, the coarse-grained material 7 has a flat upper surface 7A and a step 7B (or a surface on the inner side of the wall) on the back side. An inclined surface 7C) is formed. When the upper surface 7A and the step 7B or the inclined surface 7C are formed on the coarse grain material 7, then, as shown in FIG. The granular material 7 is wrapped and wrapped, and the free end 6B in the outer direction is overlapped and connected to the upper surface of the reinforcing material 6 to form the wall body portion 8 forming a part of the wall body (first step S1). At this time, the coarse-grained material 7 wrapped in the reinforcing material 6 is formed with voids that allow the flow of concrete inside. Further, one of the free ends 6B and 6C in the wall exterior / external direction of the reinforcing member 6 has one inner free end 6C that is extended inwardly, that is, on the side of the embankment to be charged. Yes. At this time, the reinforcing material 6 on the free end 6C side may be fixed with a pile in order to ensure the designed tensile strength. If sufficient tensile strength is ensured, it may be left as it is without being fixed with a pile.

  In this way, the curved surface 6D of the reinforcing material 6 in contact with the molding surface 11 of the mold 10 is molded as a part of the wall surface. That is, the reinforcing material 6 encased and connected to the coarse particle material 7 constitutes a sandbag-like wall body portion 8 together with the internal coarse particle material 7, and the wall body portion 8 is the wall body at the lowest layer of the wall body. Part 8A. A portion from the wall surface formation planned position P1 of the wall body portion 8 to the rear side end portion is the thickness of the wall body, and corresponds to the wall body formation planned position Pw1. The portion of the wall body formation scheduled position Pw1 is also the thickness of the entrainment portion (wrapping portion) because the reinforcing region is sometimes called a wall body.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 1E, the filter material Mf is introduced into the back surface side of the wall body portion 8 (lowermost wall body portion 8A) to form a filter layer having a predetermined bulk. When the filter layer Mf is formed, the bank 9 is then introduced, and the surface of the filter layer Mf lower than the upper surface (wall body upper surface) 6E of the reinforcing material 6 and the bank surface (bank surface with a height difference) 9A. Is formed flat (second step S2). When the mold 10 is removed, the curved surface 6D of the reinforcing member 6 is exposed as a part of the wall surface. Next, the embankment surface 9A and the upper surface (upper surface of the reinforcing material) 6E of the wall body portion 8 are rolled. When the rolling is performed, the embankment 9 and the coarse grain material 7 become dense, and the embankment 9 and the coarse grain material 7 are deformed to the wall surface exposed side, and a tensile force is generated in the reinforcing material. Here, the embankment 9 is, for example, on-site excavated soil, solidified soil, cement solidified soil, mountain soil, pure sand soil, gravel, ballast, clay soil, soil improvement material, crushed material, volcanic ash, volcanic gravel, ore or Any one of the residues or a mixture thereof is used. As the filter material, Mf is a material that has water permeability and prevents the outflow of earth and sand.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 1F, after the mold 10 is installed at the wall surface formation scheduled position P2 on the wall portion 8 (8A), the new reinforcing material 6 is attached to the first step S1. Similarly to the time of laying, the outer end 6B is folded back and extended from the mold 10 along the molding surface 11, and the inner end 6C is extended and laid on the back embankment surface 9A. That is, both ends 6B and 6C of the reinforcing member 6 are extended in the inner and outer directions with reference to the wall surface formation planned position P2 on the lower wall body portion 8A. At this time, a step 12 is formed between the upper surface 6E of the wall portion 8A (upper surface of the lower reinforcing material) and the embankment surface 9A, and the new reinforcing material 6 is laid through the step 12. For this reason, in the new reinforcing material 6 laid, a step portion 6F is born at the step 12 portion. And as shown to (G) of FIG. 1, the coarse grain material 7 is thrown in on the new reinforcing material 6 which has this level | step-difference part 6F. As in the first step S <b> 1, the coarse-grained material 7 is input from the mold 10 side and is input to the curved surface in contact with the molding surface 11 of the reinforcing material 6. When the coarse grain material 7 is thrown in along the wall extending direction, the coarse grain material 7 forms a step 7H on the lower surface by closing the step portion 6F of the new reinforcing material 6. When the introduction of the coarse particle material 7 is completed, the coarse particle material 7 has a flat upper surface 7A and an inclined surface 7C formed on the back side surface (the inner surface of the wall). When the flat surface 7A and the inclined surface 7C are formed on the upper surface side of the coarse particle material 7 and the step 7H is formed on the lower surface side, next, as shown in FIG. And the outer free end 6B is overlapped and connected to the inner upper surface of the reinforcing member 6, and the inner free end 6C is left spread, and a new wall body portion 8 (upper wall body portion 8B) is folded. ) Is formed (third step S3). At this time, as described above, the coarse material 7 encased in the reinforcing material 6 is formed with voids that allow the flow of concrete therein. As described above, the reinforced material 6 on the side of the free end 6C that has been spread may be fixed with a pile to ensure a desired tensile strength, or may be left as it is without being fixed. Thus, on the lower surface of the new wall body portion 8B (wall body portion 8), the outer high level portion 6G and the inner low level portion 6H are formed via the stepped portion 6F. Coarse-grained material 7 is in a state where all surfaces except the surface on the wall extension side are covered with new reinforcing material 6 and wrapped.

  Thus, as shown in FIG. 1I, the second step S2 and the third step S3 are repeated in order until the desired wall height is reached. Next, when reaching a desired wall height, the embankment upper surface 9B is leveled (fourth step S4, see FIG. 2).

  Next, after a certain amount of time after leveling, after the settlement of the embankment or embankment and the supporting ground below it has settled and the coarse particles have settled, a predetermined amount is placed outside the laminated wall bodies 8A to 8N. The concrete outer wall molding form FW1 is installed at an interval (see FIG. 3A). As shown in FIG. 4, the concrete outer wall molding form FW <b> 1 is attached to the wall portions 8 </ b> A to 8 </ b> N through the support 14. When the concrete outer wall molding form FW1 is installed on the wall portions 8A to 8N at a predetermined interval, the concrete Cf is placed between the form FW1 and the wall portions 8A to 8N through the placement pipe 16. It is designed to cast. At this time, when the placed concrete Cf is put into the gap between the formwork FW1 and the wall body portion 8A, the concrete Cf flows into the coarse grain material 7 wrapped in the reinforcing material 6 through the gap of the reinforcing material 6 ( (See FIG. 3B). The concrete that has flowed into the coarse-grained material 7 reaches the entire coarse-grained material 7 through the gaps. In order to help the penetration of the concrete, vibration may be applied to the wall portion 8 side with the vibrator V. Thus, when the supplied concrete is filled in the gap between the formwork FW1 and the wall portions 8A to 8N and the gap of the coarse grain material 7, it is cured and cured, and after curing and curing, the concrete outer wall molding form FW1 is formed. Demold (fifth step S5, see FIG. 3C). Thus, the embankment structure built by the embankment structure construction method according to the present embodiment is that the wall body 20 formed on the outside of the embankment has the wall portions 8A to 8N entirely made of concrete and the reinforcing material 6 and coarse particles. A concrete outer wall 13 is formed outside the wall bodies 8A to 8N. The support 14 is buried in the concrete outer wall 13, and a filter layer Mf is formed between the wall body 20 integrated with concrete and the embankment 9 (see FIG. 5).

  FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing an example in which the embankment structure 2 constructed by the embankment structure construction method according to the present embodiment is applied to a tide embankment, and a floating prevention anchor 15 is provided at the top.

  Next, the operation of the embankment structure 2 constructed by the embankment structure construction method according to the first embodiment will be described. In the embankment structure 2 according to the present embodiment, in the first step S1, the back side ground 3 at the wall formation scheduled position Pw1 is excavated to a predetermined depth toward the inner side (the embankment side), and the step 3B and the lower level are excavated. Forming the surface 4A and pre-installing the mold 10 having a molding surface 11 that forms a part of the wall surface at the wall surface formation planned position P1 (P1... Pn (n is an arbitrary integer)) on the ground 3 side, The reinforcing material 6 is attached to the molding surface 11 of the mold 10 so that one end 6B is folded back from the mold 10 and extended outward, and the other end 6C is extended to the back side and laid and the step 6F is provided on the reinforcing material 6. After forming the coarse material 7 on the reinforcing material 6, the flat upper surface 7A and the step 7B or the inclined surface 7C are formed, the free ends 6B and 6C of the reinforcing material 6 are folded back and the coarse material 7 is wrapped. The wall body part 8 which becomes a part of wall body is formed by overlapping and connecting. Next, in the second step S2, the embankment 9 is thrown into the back side of the wall body portion 8 to form a embankment surface 9A lower than the upper surface 6E of the wall body portion 8, the mold 10 is removed, and the embedding surface 9A and The upper surface 6E of the wall body part 8 is rolled. Next, in the third step S3, after the mold frame 10 is installed at the wall surface formation scheduled position P2 on the wall portion 8, a new reinforcing material 6 is attached to the molding surface 11 and the outer end 6B is moved to the mold frame 10. And the other end 6C is extended on the back embankment surface 9A and passed through the stepped portion 12 formed between the lower wall body portion 8A and the lower embankment surface 9A. Then, the coarse particle material 7 is put on the new reinforcing material 6 along the wall body extending direction to form a flat upper surface 7A, a back-side inclined surface 7C, and a step 7H on the lower surface. Is wrapped with a reinforcing material 6 to form a new wall portion 8B (8). Then, the second and third steps S2 and S3 are sequentially repeated until the desired wall body height is reached. In the fourth step S4, when the desired wall body height is reached, the leveling is completed and the creation is completed. At this time, the outer surface of the wall body 20 formed by stacking the wall body portions 8A to 8N has a gentle angle α (30 degrees to 60 degrees) with respect to the ground 3.

  Next, after a while after the leveling, after the settlement of the embankment or embankment and the supporting ground below it has settled and the coarse particles have settled, the wall portion 8A laminated in the fifth step S5. A concrete outer wall molding form FW1 is installed outside the -8N with a predetermined interval (see FIG. 3A), and the concrete Cf is placed between the form FW1 and the wall portions 8A to 8N. (See FIG. 3B). At this time, when the placed concrete Cf is put into the gap between the formwork FW1 and the wall portions 8A to 8N, it flows into the coarse-grained material 7 wrapped in the reinforcing material 6 through the gap of the reinforcing material 6. To do. The concrete that has flowed into the coarse-grained material 7 reaches the entire coarse-grained material 7 through the gaps. Thus, when the supplied concrete is filled in the gap between the formwork FW1 and the wall portions 8A to 8N and the gap of the coarse grain material 7, it is cured and cured, and after curing and curing, the concrete outer wall molding form FW1 is formed. Demold (see FIG. 3C). Thus, in the embankment structure 2 constructed by the embankment structure construction method according to the present embodiment, the wall body 20 in which the coarse material 7 and the reinforcing material 6 of the net-like material are integrated by the concrete Cf is formed, The embankment 9 is connected to the concrete and the coarse-grained material 7 which are covered in a plane and multilayer manner. And since the concrete outer wall of predetermined thickness is formed in the outer side of the wall body 20, the intensity | strength of the embankment structure 2 can be improved. For this reason, when attacked by a tsunami, floating is prevented against the lifting pressure generated when seawater crosses the upper surface of the structure, and even if cracks or cracks occur, the water pressure does not easily go to the embankment side and is not easily peeled off. Furthermore, bending failure of the concrete can be prevented by the surface load distribution with respect to the impact force. In the case of a ground structure, the wall body is integrated with the embankment against an impact such as an earthquake, so it is not easily damaged. When the embankment structure is applied to a river dike, it will not easily collapse even if there is an overflow. Moreover, since the filter layer Mf which has water permeability and blocks | prevents outflow of earth and sand is formed between wall part 8A-8N and the embankment 9, when an embankment structure is a structure on the ground, it is raining Sometimes the water that has penetrated into the embankment 9 is quickly drained. On the other hand, when applied to an underwater structure, the water level in the structure can be made to correspond to tides.

  In the above embodiment, the wall body having a desired height is formed by repeating the second and third steps S2 and S3. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the second and third steps S2 and S3 are not limited thereto. The construction may be completed as a single step without repeating the above. In addition, after the second and third steps S2 and S3 are repeated from the viewpoint of workability to form a bank with a desired number of steps below the design height, concrete is placed, and after curing and hardening of the concrete, the second is again performed. Then, the third steps S2 and S3 are repeated to form the embankment thereon, and the concrete is placed on the newly formed embankment wall so as to form the embankment structure of the design height. Also good. That is, until the design height is reached, the concrete may be handed over every time the embankment reaches a desired height. Further, in the first embodiment, in the first step S1, a back side portion of the wall body formation planned position Pw1 of the construction site 4 is excavated, and a step is formed on the lower surface of the formed wall body portion 8A. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and in the first step S1, the formwork 10 is installed on the flat ground as it is without excavating the construction site 4 The reinforcing material 6 is laid, the coarse material 7 is thrown into the reinforcing material 6 to form the wall body portion 8, the lower surface of the wall body portion 8 is formed into a flat surface without steps, and then the embankment 9 is thrown in. At this time, a low embankment surface may be formed with respect to the wall body portion 8.

  Next, a method for building an embankment structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The embankment structure construction method according to the second embodiment of the present invention is constructed by the embankment structure construction method according to the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. On the other hand, the embankment structure 2 constructs the embankment structure 2 in which the concrete outer wall 13 is formed on the entire outer surface of the wall body 20 using the concrete outer wall molding form FW1, whereas Except for the point that the concrete wall is formed in the part, it has almost the same configuration as the first embodiment.

  That is, the embankment structure 102 constructed by the embankment structure construction method according to the present embodiment is the same as the construction method according to the first embodiment with respect to the first to fourth steps S1 to S4. In the fifth step S5, in the first embodiment, the concrete outer wall molding form FW1 is installed to form the concrete outer wall 13 covering the entire outer surface of the wall body 20, whereas FIG. 7A, the concrete wall molding form FW2 is installed outside the lowermost wall portion 8A with a predetermined interval. The concrete wall molding form FW2 has a height that is substantially the same as or slightly higher than the lowermost wall portion 8A. When the concrete wall molding form FW2 is installed, concrete Cf is placed between the form form FW1 and the bottom wall part 8A (see FIG. 7B). At this time, the placed concrete Cf flows into the coarse-grained material 7 wrapped in the reinforcing material 6 through the gaps of the reinforcing material 6 and flows into the coarse-grained material 7 as in the first embodiment. The concrete Cf spreads throughout the coarse grain material 7 through the voids. Thus, when the charged concrete is filled in the gap between the formwork FW2 and the lowermost wall portion 8A and the gap of the coarse grain material 7, it is cured and cured, and after curing and curing, the formwork FW2 for molding the concrete wall. Is demolded (see FIG. 7C). The embankment structure 102 thus formed has a wall body 20 formed on the outside of the embankment, in which the lowermost wall body portion 8A is formed by integrating the reinforcing material 6 and the coarse grain material 7 with concrete, A concrete wall 113 is formed outside the lowermost wall portion 8A (see FIG. 8). Thus, in the embankment structure 102 built by the embankment structure construction method according to the second embodiment, some of the wall bodies 8A to 8N are selected according to the strength required for the embankment structure 102. A concrete wall is formed on the wall portion 8A.

  Since the embankment structure 102 according to the present embodiment is constructed by the above-described steps, the wall body portions 8B to 8N above the lowermost wall body portion 8A have the back earth pressure and the wall body portion 8 for each wall body portion 8. When a sliding force such as a horizontal seismic force is applied, a tensile force is generated in the reinforcing material 6, and a binding force acts on the internal coarse material 7 due to the tensile force, thereby increasing shear strength and rigidity. Moreover, since the wall body portion 8 is embedded with the lower surface 6G, 6H having a height difference through the step portion 6F, when a pulling force is applied to the wall body portions 8B to 8N made of the reinforcing material 6, A bearing pressure is generated from the vertical direction of the stepped portion 12 of the reinforcing member 6, and the pulling resistance force is further increased. The shear strength of the coarse grain material 7 due to the bearing pressure is also improved. For this reason, shear strength, rigidity, and drawing resistance can be increased in the whole wall body. Thus, in the embankment structure 102 according to the present embodiment, the sliding resistance force is reliably increased to improve the rigidity of the embankment structure, and the earthquake resistance and erosion resistance are improved, and the embankment structure is stabilized. Can be planned. For this reason, a desired performance can be obtained only by forming a concrete wall in some of the wall bodies 8A among the wall bodies 8A to 8N.

  9A shows a modified example of the wall portion 8 according to the first and second embodiments. When the coarse particle material 7 is wrapped in the reinforcing material 6, first, 20 to 30 mm. Single-grain crushed stone No. 4 (or 50-150 mm quarry stone) 7J is introduced from the mold 10 side, and is introduced into the curved surface in contact with the molding surface 11 of the reinforcing material 6 without any gaps. 7K is added to the inside of the single grain crushed stone 4 and wrapped with the reinforcing material 6. By comprising in this way, the outer side of wall body part 8A-8N arrange | positions the coarse particle material with a comparatively big dimension, and ensures the space | gap where concrete flows large, and it is the inside of wall body part 8A-8N. For example, a coarse particle material having a relatively small size is arranged to reduce the gap through which the concrete flows, and the gap into which the concrete flows is made different between the inside and outside of the wall portions 8A to 8N. Conversely, a coarse particle material having a relatively large size may be disposed on the inside and a coarse particle material having a relatively small size on the outside, respectively, on the inner and outer sides of the wall portions 8A to 8N. By comprising in this way, the concrete layer of the desired thickness according to design strength can be formed, and concrete is not poured excessively. For this reason, an appropriate amount of concrete can be placed and cost reduction can be achieved. 9B shows an example in which the above-described modification of the wall body portion 8 using the reinforcing body 6 is applied to sandbags 306 (see FIG. 11) and 406 (see FIG. 12) described later. When inserting the filling material into (406), the coarse particles having different sizes are separately added above and below the bag body to form a sandbag, and the sandbag 306 (406) is stacked and formed. The gaps into which the concrete flows are made different between the inside and outside of the wall portions 306A to 306N (407, 406LA to 406SN). FIG. 9C shows another modification of the wall body portion 8 according to the first and second embodiments. When the coarse particle material 7 is wrapped in the reinforcing body 6, the coarse particle material (Kuriishi) ) When 7J is piled up to a predetermined height, a net material 17 such as a hard geogrid or wire mesh is laid, and the coarse particle material 7J is put on the laid net material 17, and the net material 17 and the coarse particle material 17 are laid. The net material 17 is laid between the coarse-grained materials 7J and wrapped with the reinforcing body 6. By comprising in this way, the space | gap S17 is continuously ensured in the surface direction of the net | network material 17 (refer (D) of FIG. 9). In other words, the net material 17 ensures a larger gap between the coarse particle materials 7J. The net member 17 is preferably a hard geogrid or wire mesh having bending rigidity. In this other modification, the net material 17 ensures a larger gap between the coarse-grained materials 7J, so that the concrete is reliably filled.

  In each of the above-described embodiments, the mesh material 6 (reinforcing material) 6 is laminated on the embankment slope with a structure including a coarse material 7 or embankment 9 as a ground material, so that the mesh material 6 can be used even near the slope. The ground materials 7 and 9 are deformed and restrained. For this reason, in conventional concrete structures, it was difficult to consolidate the ground material because it was not possible to restrain the ground material from protruding outside the slope, but this problem was solved and sufficient compaction was achieved. It can be performed. Further, when the coarse-grained material 7 is used as the ground material, since there is no adhesive force, if compaction is performed in the vicinity of the slope, it collapses to the outside of the slope, and sufficient compaction cannot be performed. On the other hand, in each of the above embodiments, since the ground materials 7 and 9 are wound with the mesh material 6, even the coarse material 7 can be sufficiently compacted. At the same time, the reticulated material 6 is pulled by rolling, so that a tension state can be maintained and a slope with high rigidity can be constructed.

  Further, in each of the above embodiments, since a high compaction effect can be exhibited in the vicinity of the slope, the formation of internal voids generated in the embankment structure constructed by the conventional construction method is suppressed, and the concrete and the net-like material are involved. Because the structure is integrated, the concrete does not slide or cause uneven discontinuities or steps. In addition, the expansion of the cracks can be effectively prevented because they are pulled and reinforced by the net-like material arranged on the surface. Therefore, the weak point at the time of overflow is not formed, it can follow the shrinkage and settlement of the bank body, and the erosion resistant structure of the slope can be maintained. In addition, when following the settlement of the embankment, cracks may occur in the coated concrete, but since the concrete is pulled and reinforced by the net-like material, the opening of the crack does not spread.

  Next, a method for building an embankment structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIGS. 10A to 10C, the method for building a banking structure according to the third embodiment of the present invention is based on the method for building a banking structure according to the first and second embodiments. Each of the constructed embankment structures 2 and 102 forms a concrete outer wall 13 on the entire outer surface of the wall body 20 using a concrete outer wall molding form FW1 or uses a concrete wall molding form FW2. The concrete wall 113 is formed only on the outside of the wall body 20 (lowermost wall body portion 8A), but the stacked wall body portions 208A to 208N are not used without using the formwork FW1 and FW2. The difference is that the concrete Cf is directly placed. The rest of the configuration is almost the same as that of the first and second embodiments.

That is, the embankment structure 202 according to the third embodiment of the present invention is similar to the first and second embodiments, in which the wall portions 208A to 208N are laminated in the first to fourth steps S1 to S4. And
When the desired wall height is reached, the embankment upper surface 9B is leveled. When laminating the wall portions 208A to 208N, when the concrete Cf is placed from above the wall body 220, the wall portion 208A is such that the concrete Cf is easily permeable through the gap formed in the coarse-grained material 7 by its own weight. The inclination of the outer surface of .about.208N with respect to the ground 3 is a steep angle .beta. (60 degrees or more and 90 degrees or less). In the fifth step S205, as shown in FIG. 10B, the concrete Cf is directly applied from above the wall portions 208A to 208N formed by stacking without using the molds FW1 and FW2. The wall body 220 is formed by setting and curing and integrating the reinforcing material 6 and the coarse material 7 with concrete (see FIG. 10C). In the third embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, the second and third steps S2 and S3 are repeated from the viewpoint of workability to form a bank with a desired number of steps below the design height. Then, after placing concrete and curing and curing the concrete, the second and third steps S2 and S3 are repeated to form the embankment thereon, and the concrete is cast on the newly formed embankment wall. It is also possible to form an embankment structure having a design height. That is, until the design height is reached, the concrete may be handed over every time the embankment reaches a desired height.

  Thus, in the embankment structure 202 which concerns on the 3rd Example of this invention, since the embankment structure 202 is built by the construction method by the above-mentioned process S1-S4, S205, it is with the coarse-grain material 7 with concrete. A wall body 220 in which the reinforcing material 6 is integrated is formed, and the embankment 9 is joined to the surface and multi-layered concrete and the coarse particle material 7. For this reason, when attacked by a tsunami, the floating pressure is prevented from rising due to the seawater exceeding the upper surface of the structure, and even if cracks or cracks occur, the water pressure does not easily go to the embankment 9 side and is not easily peeled off. Furthermore, bending failure of the concrete can be prevented by the surface load distribution with respect to the impact force. In the case of a ground structure, the wall body is integrated with the embankment against an impact such as an earthquake, so it is not easily damaged. When the embankment structure is applied to a river dike, it will not easily collapse even if there is an overflow.

  Next, a method for building an embankment structure according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B, the method for building a banking structure according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention is a method for building a banking structure according to the first to third embodiments. Each of the embankment structures 2, 102, 202 constructed by the above is provided with a reinforcing member 6 having a clearance allowing the inflow of concrete on the surface on the ground 3 side, and the inside and outside of the embankment structure based on the planned embankment structure formation position P1. Lay out extending in the direction, throw the coarse material 7 on the reinforcing material 6 along the planned position of the embankment structure formation, and fold the outer end 6B out of the free end in the embankment structure in the embankment structure. The coarse grain material 7 is wrapped, and a wall portion 8A to 8N, 208A to 208N forming part of the wall body is formed by securing a gap allowing the flow of the concrete between the wrapped coarse grain material 7, and embankment 9 The wall of the desired height by repeating the charging and laminating the wall body portions 8 and 208 In the first step S301, the sandbag 306 is formed on the surface of the ground 3 side by making a sandbag 306 by putting the coarse grain material 7 into the mesh bag body 305 and sealing it in advance. 306 is arranged with reference to the embankment structure formation scheduled position P301 to form a wall body portion 306A, and the sandbags 306 are stacked to form wall body portions 306A to 306N.

  That is, in the embankment structure 302 by the building method according to the present embodiment, first, the coarse grain material 7 is put into the mesh bag body 305 to make a containment sandbag 306. The mesh bag body 305 is composed of the reinforcing material 6 having a gap that allows the inflow of concrete. Further, when the coarse-grained material 7 is sealed in the mesh bag body 305, a gap allowing the flow of concrete between the coarse-grained materials 7 is secured. And in 1st process S301, this sandbag 306 is horizontally arrange | positioned on the basis of the embankment structure formation scheduled position P301 of the surface by the side of the ground 3, and wall body part 306A is formed. Next, in the second step S302, the embankment 9 is thrown into the back side of the wall portion 306A to form the embankment upper surface 9A. Next, in a third step S303, a new sandbag 306B is disposed on the upper surface of the wall body portion 306A and the outer side 309A of the embankment upper surface 9A with reference to the embankment structure formation planned position P302, and the upper side wall body portion 306A is A new wall portion 306B is formed. Then, in the fourth step S304, the second and third steps S302 and S303 are repeated, and the ground is leveled when the desired wall height is reached (see FIG. 11A). Then, in the fifth step S305, concrete is placed on the formed wall body portions 306A to 306N to be cured and hardened, and the mesh bag body 305 and the coarse grain material 7 are integrated with concrete to form the wall body 320. It comes to form.

  As described above, in the embankment structure 302 constructed by the embankment structure construction method according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, the sandbag 306 is laminated and the concrete is placed to form the wall body 320. Therefore, the working efficiency can be improved as compared with the first to third embodiments. In the present embodiment, the place where concrete is placed is not limited to the upper part of the stacked wall portions 306A to 306N, and may be placed from an inclined surface.

  Next, a method for building an embankment structure according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 12, the embankment structure 302 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention is constructed by a sandbag 306 in which the embankment structure 302 constructed by the embankment structure construction method according to the fourth embodiment is used. Except that the sandbags 406 (406LA to 406SN) are stacked so that the outside is inclined upward and the inside is downward, the structure is almost the same as in the fifth embodiment. Have. That is, in the embankment structure 402 constructed by the embankment structure construction method according to the present embodiment, the sandbag 406 is arranged with an inclination of a depression angle with respect to the horizontal from the outer end portion toward the inner end portion. .

  In the embankment structure 402 constructed by the construction method according to the present embodiment, in the first step S401, first, the coarse grain material 7 is introduced on the basis of the embankment structure formation planned position P401 on the surface on the ground 3 side, An inclined portion 407 having an outer inclined surface 407A and an inner inclined surface 407B which is continuous with the top of the outer inclined surface 407A and gradually decreases on the inner side is formed. Then, the sandbag 406LA is placed on the inner inclined surface 407B and kept in an inclined state. The sandbag 406 has substantially the same configuration as the sandbag 306 according to the fourth embodiment, and is formed by putting the coarse grain material 7 into the mesh bag body 305 and sealing it. The sandbags 406LA to 406SN have two types of long and short 406L and 406S. When the sandbags 406LA, 406LG,... Are stacked at an inclination, the long sandbags 406LA, 406LG,. A horizontal portion 406H that extends inward and is placed on the flat ground 3 or placed on a flat embankment surface appears. When the short sandbags 406SB, 406SC,... Are placed on the lower sandbag 406, the sandbags 406SB, 406SC,.

  That is, in the first step S401, first, the coarse grain material 7 is introduced with reference to the embankment structure formation planned position P401, and the inclined embankment portion 407 having the outer inclined surface 407A and the inner inclined surface 407B is formed, A long sandbag 406AL is placed on the inner inclined surface 407B of the inclined embankment portion 407 to form a wall body portion 407-406AL. At this time, the inner portion extending on the flat ground 3 becomes the horizontal portion 406H. Next, in the second step S402, the embankment 9 is thrown into the back side of the wall portions 407-406AL to form the embankment upper surface 9A. Next, in the third step S403, a new short sandbag 406BS is arranged on the outer inclined surface of the long sandbag 406AL in the wall portion 407-406AL with reference to the embankment structure formation planned position P402. Then, a new wall body portion 406BS is formed on the lower wall body portion 406AL. Then, in the fourth step S404, the second and third steps S402 and S403 are repeated to level the ground when the desired wall height is reached. In the third step, the two types of sandbags 406L and 406S of the long size and the short size are placed on the short size sandbag 406S continuously several times after the long size sandbag 406L is placed. ing. In this embodiment, the short sandbag 406S is placed on the long sandbag 406L five times in succession. Then, in the fifth step S505, concrete is placed on the formed wall portions 407 and 406LA to 406SN to be cured and hardened, and the mesh bag 305 and the coarse grain material 7 are integrated with the concrete to form a wall. 420 is formed.

  As described above, in the embankment structure 402 constructed by the embankment structure construction method according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, the concrete is placed on the sandbags 406 inclined to form the wall body 420. Thus, as compared with the fourth embodiment, it is possible to increase the resistance to the back surface earth pressure and improve the stability against the slip.

  Next, a method for building an embankment structure according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The embankment structure building method according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention is an application of the embankment structure building method according to the fourth embodiment to the ballast track as shown in FIG. When building a railroad track embankment structure 502 by ballast, first, a sandbag 306 is prepared, and in the first step S501, this sandbag 306 is used as the embankment structure formation planned position P501 on the ground 3 side. The wall body portion 506A is formed horizontally with reference to. Next, in the second step S502, the ballast 109 is thrown into the back side of the wall body portion 506A to form the ballast upper surface 109A. Next, in a third step S503, a new sandbag 306 is disposed on the upper surface of the wall body portion 506A and the outer side of the ballast upper surface 109A with the embankment structure formation planned position P502 as a reference, and placed on the lower wall body portion 506A. A new wall portion 506B is formed. And in 4th process S504, these 2nd and 3rd processes S502 and S503 are repeated, the sleeper 510 is installed, and when a desired wall body height is reached, a ballast is prepared. Then, in the fifth step S505, concrete is placed on the formed wall body portions 506A to 506N to be cured and hardened, and the mesh bag body 305 and the coarse grain material 7 are integrated with the concrete to form the wall body 520. It comes to form.

  Next, a method for building an embankment structure according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described. The embankment structure building method according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention is an application of the embankment structure building method according to the fifth embodiment to the ballast track as shown in FIG. When building the railroad embankment structure 602 by ballast, first, in the first step S601, when the wall surface formation planned position P601 is determined at the construction site 4 of the ground 3, the wall surface formation planned position P601 is moved inwardly. The slope 604A is formed by digging gradually and deeper. The deepest part inside the inclined surface 604A is substantially the same as the thickness of the sandbag 306. Next, the sandbag 306 is placed on the inclined surface 604A to form a wall body portion 606A that is the lowest layer. Then, a new sandbag 306 is disposed on the inclined surface of the lowermost wall body portion 606A and the outside of the ground 3 so as to be inclined with reference to the embankment structure formation scheduled position P602, and newly placed on the lower side wall body portion 606A. The wall portion 606B is formed. Next, in the second step S602, the ballast 109 is thrown into the back side of the wall body portion 606B to form the ballast upper surface 109A. Next, in the third step S603, a new sandbag 306 is disposed on the upper surface of the wall body portion 606B and the outer side of the ballast upper surface 109A with the embankment structure formation scheduled position P603 as a reference, and the inclined surface of the lower wall body portion 606B. A new wall portion 606C is formed on top. Then, in the fourth step S604, the second and third steps S602 and S603 are repeated, the sleepers 510 are installed, and the ballast is adjusted when the desired wall height is reached. In this embodiment, when the wall portions 606A to 606N having a desired height are formed, the sandbag 306 is horizontally placed so as to cover the upper surface of the ballast 109 between the wall portions 606A to 606N and the sleepers 510. (Sandbags 616A, 616B) to improve the strength. Then, in the fifth step S605, concrete is placed on the formed wall bodies 606A to 606N and the horizontal piles 616A and 616B to be cured and hardened, and the mesh bag 305 and the coarse grain material 7 are integrated with the concrete. The wall body 620 is formed.

  FIG. 15 shows an example in which the embedding structure construction method of the first embodiment and the embankment structure construction method of the sixth embodiment are combined and applied to a ballast track. The construction method of the embankment structure which concerns on an Example is shown. That is, the construction method of the embankment structure according to the sixth embodiment is substantially the same from the first step S501 to the fourth step S504, and the second and third steps S502, S503 is repeated, the sleeper 510 is installed, and the process is the same up to the step of adjusting the ballast when the desired wall height is reached. When the wall portions 506A to 506N are formed, in the sixth embodiment, concrete is placed on the wall portions 506A to 506N, whereas the embankment structure according to the present embodiment is not provided. In the embankment structure 702 constructed by the construction method, a concrete outer wall molding form FW701 is installed outside the laminated wall bodies 506A to 506N at a predetermined interval, as in the first embodiment. Concrete is placed between the mold FW701 and the wall portions 506A to 506N. Then, the concrete is cured and cured, and after curing and curing, the concrete outer wall molding form FW701 is removed. Thus, in the embankment structure 702 constructed by the embankment structure construction method according to the present embodiment, the wall body 720 is formed outside the ballast track. The wall body 720 is formed by integrating the net-like bag body 305 and the coarse-grained material 7 from the entire wall body portions 506A to 506N, and a concrete outer wall 713 is formed outside the wall body portions 506A to 506N. Therefore, the strength and stability of the ballast track can be improved.

  FIG. 16 shows an example in which the embankment structure building method of the second embodiment and the embankment structure building method of the seventh embodiment are combined and applied to a ballast track. The construction method of the embankment structure which concerns on an Example is shown. That is, the construction method of the embankment structure according to the seventh embodiment is the same from the first step S601 to the fourth step S604, and the second and third steps S602, S603. Is repeated until the desired wall height is reached, until the ballast is trimmed. When the wall body portions 606A to 606N are formed, in the sixth embodiment, concrete is placed on the wall body portions 606A to 606N, whereas the embankment structure according to this embodiment is used. In the embankment structure 802 constructed by the construction method, a concrete outer wall molding form FW802 is installed outside the laminated wall bodies 606A to 606N at a predetermined interval, as in the second embodiment. The concrete wall molding form FW802 is installed outside the wall portions 606A to 606C at a predetermined interval. When the concrete wall molding form FW802 is installed, concrete is placed between the formwork FW802 and the lower wall portions 606A to 606C. Then, the concrete is cured and cured, and after curing and curing, the concrete wall molding form FW802 is removed. Thus, in the embankment structure 802 constructed by the embankment structure construction method according to the present embodiment, the wall body 820 is formed outside the ballast track. The wall body 820 is formed by integrating the mesh bag body 305 and the coarse-grained material 7 with concrete on the lower side of the wall body portions 606A to 606N. Thus, in the embankment structure 802 built by the embankment structure construction method according to the present embodiment, the sandbags 306 are inclined and stacked to increase the resistance to back-surface pressure and improve the stability against slippage. Can be reduced, so the amount of concrete to be placed can be reduced.

  In each of the sixth to ninth embodiments, a filter layer may be formed between the ballast 109 and the sandbag 306 to be laminated, or the concrete may penetrate from the sandbag 306 side to the ballast 109 side. You may make it provide the suppression sheet | seat suppressed to a small quantity.

  Next, a method for building an embankment structure according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The embankment structure building method according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention is built by the embankment structure building method according to the fourth embodiment as shown in FIGS. In the fourth embodiment, the sandbags 306 are stacked to form the wall portions 306A to 306N, whereas the banking structure according to the present embodiment is shown. In the first step S1001, the embankment structure 1002 constructed by the construction method of the object has the net-like material 6 having a clearance allowing the inflow of concrete on the surface on the ground 3 side, and the embankment structure formation planned position P1001. It extends and lays out in the direction of the embankment structure as a reference (see (A) of FIG. 17), and the sandbag 306A is arranged on the net-like material 6 with reference to the embankment structure formation planned position P1001, and the sandbag 306A A new sandbag 306B Points as by shifting each form a wall part 1006A stacked and are differently 306D (see (B) of FIG. 17). In the second step S1002, the embankment 9 is thrown into the back side of the wall body portion 1006A to form the embankment upper surface 9A (see FIG. 17C), and the wall body portion 1006A and the embankment upper surface 9A are formed. The outer end of the reticulated material 6 in the embankment structure is folded back to wrap around the multi-layer wall body 1006A and extend to the embankment upper surface 9A (FIG. 17D or FIG. 17). (See (F)). In FIG. 17F, the embankment upper surface 9A is at a position lower than the top of the wall body portion 1006A. After that, as shown in FIG. 17G, the embankment 9 is thrown in again, and the embankment upper surface 9A reaches a position that matches the upper surface of the wall body portion 1006A. The extended ends 6B and 6C of the net material 6 are fixed by anchor pins 1010. In the third step S1003, the reticulated material 6 is laid and extended in the direction of the embankment structure with reference to the embankment structure formation position P1002 (see (E) or (H) of FIG. 17) The new sandbags 306B to 306G are placed to form a new wall body portion 1006B. In the fourth step S1004, the second step S1002 and the third step S1003 are repeated to form multi-layer wall bodies 1006A to 1006C (in this embodiment, four wall layers are formed on one wall body portion). Sandbags are stacked (see (I) of FIG. 17). Note that the filling material for the sandbag 306 may be replaced with the coarse material 7 and may be a filling material for promoting vegetation. Concrete is placed on the wall portions 1006A to 1006C formed in this manner to form a wall body 1020.

  Next, a method for building a banking structure according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIG. 18, the embankment structure building method according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention wraps the coarse material 7 with the reinforcing material 6 in each of the above embodiments to form the wall portion. In contrast, the wall body 8 is formed and the sandbags 306 and 406 are used, whereas the L-shaped steel frame 1106 is used. That is, in the first step S1101, the embankment structure 1102 constructed by the embankment structure construction method according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention has a clearance allowing the inflow of concrete on the surface on the ground 3 side. The geotextile (supporting member, net-like material) 6 is extended and laid in the direction of the embankment structure with reference to the embankment structure formation planned position P1101 (see FIG. 18A), and the geotextile 6 is laid The steel frame 1106 (1106A) is fixed to the embankment structure formation scheduled position P1101 by the slant tie material 1109, and the inner lower end of the steel frame 1106A is connected to the geotextile (support member) 6 and the fixture 1105. The outer end portion of the embankment structure of the geotextile 6 is placed on the ground 3 with 6B extended. The inner end 6C of the embankment structure of the geotextile 6 is fixed to the ground 3 with an anchor pin (not shown) (see FIG. 18B). The geotextile 6 is provided to support the steel frame 1106A after the embankment structure 1102 is completed. Next, the coarse grain material 7 is put on the geotextile 6 along the steel frame 1106A, and the wall part 1107A forming a part of the wall body is formed by the steel frame 1106A and the coarse grain material 7. Next, in the second step S1102, after the filter material Mf is introduced to the back side of the coarse particle material 7, the embankment 9 is introduced to form the embankment upper surface 9A (see FIGS. 18C and 18D). ). And the outer side edge part is turned back among the free ends in the embankment structure in the embankment structure 6 of the net-like material 6, and the steel frame 1106A is wrapped and stretched to the embankment upper surface 9A ((E) of FIG. 18). The folded end 6B is fixed by an anchor pin (not shown). Next, in the third step S1103, the net-like material 6 is extended and laid in the direction of the embankment structure based on the embankment structure formation scheduled position P1102 (see FIG. 18F), and is made of new steel. The frame 1106 (1106B) is placed, the coarse grain material 7 is placed on the geotextile 6 along the steel frame 1106B, and the wall body portion that forms a part of the wall body by the steel frame 1106B and the coarse grain material 7 1107B is formed. Then, in the fourth step S1104, the second step S1102 and the third step S1103 are repeated, and when the desired wall height reaching the upper ends of the plurality of steel frames 1106A to 1106C is reached, the ground is leveled. When the leveling is completed, in the fifth step S1105, concrete is placed on the formed wall body portions 1107A to 1107C, cured and hardened, and the coarse grain material 7 and the steel frame 1106 are integrated with the concrete wall body. 1120 is formed. For this reason, construction work can be performed efficiently. Moreover, since the steel frame 1106 is supported by the geotextile 6 after the construction, it is possible to increase the resistance to the back earth pressure and to improve the stability against the slip. In this embodiment, a steel frame having an L-shaped cross section is used. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a grid-like steel frame may be used as shown in the following modification. Alternatively, it may be formed in a mesh shape by a rectangular frame body and a fine wire mesh provided in the rectangular frame body, or may be formed in a fence shape in which a large number of fine slits are formed. Moreover, you may comprise from the plate-shaped hard plastic in which many through-holes were formed.

  FIG. 19 shows a modification of the eleventh embodiment. When the wall body is formed by the introduction of the coarse grain material 7 and the filling 9, the concrete introduction pipe 1111 is embedded in the coarse grain material 7. The concrete is smoothly guided into the coarse-grained material 7 when the concrete is placed. Further, in this modified example, when the steel frame 1106 of the eleventh embodiment reaches the desired height, a new steel frame 1106 is stacked to form a wall, whereas concrete is The difference is that a grid-like plate-shaped steel frame 1116 in which a large number of gaps permitting inflow of air is formed is used.

  FIG. 20 shows an example in which the embankment structure building method of the first embodiment is combined with the embankment structure building method of the eleventh embodiment, which is the twelfth embodiment of the present invention. The construction method of the embankment structure which concerns on the Example of this is shown. That is, the construction method of the embankment structure according to the eleventh embodiment is substantially the same from the first step S1101 to the fourth step S1104, and when the leveling is completed, the eleventh embodiment is completed. In this embodiment, concrete is placed on the formed wall body portions 1107A to 1107N. On the other hand, in the same manner as in the first embodiment, outside the stacked wall body portions 1107A to 1107N. A concrete outer wall molding form FW1201 is installed at a predetermined interval, and concrete is placed between the formwork FW1201 and the wall portions 1107A to 1107N. Concrete penetrates into the wall body through a lattice-like plate-shaped steel frame 1116 in which a number of voids are formed. Then, the concrete is cured and cured, and after curing and curing, the concrete outer wall molding form FW1201 is removed. Thus, in the embankment structure 1202 constructed by the embankment structure construction method according to the present embodiment, the wall body 1220 is formed outside the embankment. The wall body 1220 is not only formed by integrating the coarse grain material 7 and the steel frame 1116 with the entire wall body portions 1107A to 1107N, but also has a concrete outer wall 1213 formed outside the steel frame 1116. Is done.

Next, the embankment structure constructed by the embankment structure construction method according to the thirteenth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The embankment structure 1302 constructed by the embankment structure construction method according to the present embodiment is the wall body portions 8A to 8N, 506A to 506N, and 606A to 606N in the embankment structure construction method according to each of the above embodiments. A concrete frame is placed by placing a formwork to form a concrete wall on the outside (see the first embodiment, the second embodiment, the eighth embodiment and the ninth embodiment). 208A to 208N, 306A to 306N, 407A to 406SN, 506A to 506N, 606A to 606N, 1006A to 1006N, 1107A to 1107N, while concrete is sprayed to fill the walls It is different in the point that I did. In this embodiment, the cast concrete is a product with high fluidity. For example, an example of applying to a modified example (A) in the eleventh embodiment of FIG. 21, an example applied to (B) the first embodiment of FIG. 21, (C) of FIG. 21 No. 5 Examples applied to these examples are respectively shown. In the case of concrete having high fluidity, it is suitable for a wall body having a gently inclined outer surface.

  Next, the embankment structure constructed by the embankment structure construction method according to the fourteenth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the embankment structure 1302 constructed by the embankment structure construction method according to the present embodiment, each of the above embodiments secures a gap that allows the flow of the concrete on the outer surface of the wall portion, and casts the concrete. As shown in FIG. 22 (A), a concrete panel (concrete material) 1306 that is not allowed to enter concrete is fixed to the embankment structure formation planned position P1301 of the ground 3 while being sprayed. The difference is that the coarse-grained material 7 is introduced along the concrete panel 1306, and the concrete panel 1306 and the coarse-grained material 7 form a wall portion that forms part of the wall.

  That is, in the first step S1301, the embankment structure 1302 constructed by the embankment structure construction method according to the present embodiment is prepared with a concrete panel 1306 in which a part of the geotextile piece 1308 is embedded on one side. The concrete panel 1306 (1306A) is fixed almost vertically to the embankment structure formation scheduled position P1301 on the ground 3 side (see FIG. 22A), and the coarse grain material 7 is thrown along the concrete panel 1306A. A part of the wall portion 1307A is formed by the concrete panel 1306 and the coarse grain material 7 (see FIG. 22B). When the charged coarse grain material 7 reaches the position of the embedded geotextile piece 1308, next, in a second step S1302, the bank 9 is thrown into the back side of the coarse grain material 7 to form the bank top surface 9A. . At this time, the filter layer may be formed by introducing the filter material Mf before the embankment 9 is introduced. Next, in a third step S1303, a geotextile sheet 1309 as a support member is connected to the geotextile piece 1308 connected to the concrete panel 1306A, and is laid on the upper surface of the coarse grain material 7 and the embankment upper surface 9A. The inner end 1309C of the geotextile sheet 1309 is temporarily fixed by the wooden pile 1310. Then, the coarse grain material 7 is again charged until reaching the position of the upper geotextile piece 1308 embedded along the concrete panel 1306A. Then, in the fourth step S1304, the second and third steps S1302 and 1303 are repeated, and when the embankment upper surface 9A reaches the upper end of the concrete panel 1306A, a new concrete panel 1306 ( When 1306B) is added and the desired height is reached, the wall portions 1307 are formed by the concrete panels 1306A to 1306N and the coarse grain material 7 (see FIG. 22D). Thus, when the upper end of the concrete panel 1306 is reached and the desired wall height is reached, the ground is leveled. The concrete panel 1306 is extended upward by the joint as the wall portion 1307 becomes higher. FIG. 22E shows, in order from the left side, coupling by a connecting pin, coupling by bolting, coupling by a hook-shaped joint, and coupling by a projecting joint. When the leveling is finished, in the fifth step S1305, concrete is placed from above the formed wall body portion 1307 to be cured and hardened, and the coarse grain material 7, the concrete panel 1306, the geotextile piece 1308, and the geotextile sheet 1309 are made into concrete. Thus, the wall body 1320 is formed by integration.

  FIG. 23 shows a modification of the embankment structure constructed by the embankment structure construction method according to the fourteenth embodiment, and the embankment structure 1402 according to this modification is replaced with a concrete panel 1306. Further, a concrete block 1406A (see FIG. 23B) having a hollow structure (restraint portion) on the inside and a concrete block 1406B (see FIG. 23B) having a collar portion (restraint portion) on the inside are used. Except for the difference, the configuration is substantially the same as that of the fourteenth embodiment.

The present inventors conducted hydraulic experiments and vibration experiments on the levees where a tsunami acted. The experiment was conducted at the facility within the applicant's Rural Engineering Laboratory. In a large-scale vibration experiment of a reinforced embankment using a mesh material (implemented at the National Institute of Agriculture and Technology, embankment height 2.3 m), the mesh material prevents slip failure in the embankment against an earthquake with a seismic intensity of 6 or higher, and the structure of the slope work It was confirmed that can be maintained. In the hydraulic experiment, we also conducted experiments on a conventional covered concrete type dike structure. In the conventional covered concrete type dike structure, it was found that the embankment was deformed by the wave force at the time of tsunami collision, so that the covered concrete installed on the slope was displaced, and gaps and steps in joints were formed. It was found that these parts became weak parts when overflowing, and developed from the gap to sucking out the dam body soil and peeling off the coated concrete. In addition, the concrete block type dike also has a gap between the blocks structurally, so it was found that the embankment soil was sucked out from the gap. As a result, it was found that the block was inclined, and a large flowing water pressure acted on the inclined surface, so that it was easily pushed away.
On the other hand, in the embankment structure using the net-like material of the present invention, since the concrete is filled in the portion where the coarse-grained material is wrapped with the net-like material, the embankment is deformed, but the coated concrete is displaced, The gap did not expand. Moreover, even if a crack arises, since the net-like material exhibits a tensile reinforcement effect, it was found that the progress of the crack was suppressed. Furthermore, since the slope portion was anchored with a net-like material inside the embankment, it was not peeled off. For this reason, the weak part with respect to flowing water like the past is not formed, but it has the structure where chain collapse is hard to be caused.

To prepare for a tsunami that strikes immediately after an earthquake, it is necessary to maintain a slope structure against the earthquake. In the present invention, since the net-like material is laid in the embankment, the embankment is pulled and reinforced, and high earthquake resistance can be secured. This is a very important technical requirement when considering a tsunami-resistant structure. As described above, in a large-scale vibration experiment of a reinforced embankment using a mesh material, it has been confirmed that the mesh material can prevent slip failure in the embankment and maintain the structure of a slope work.
A conventional covered concrete type dike can only resist the lifting pressure and flowing water pressure by its own weight. On the other hand, in the present invention, since the net-like material is laid inside the embankment, the embankment and the slope work are in a state of being joined in a plane, and laid in the embankment against the lifting pressure and flowing water pressure. Reticulated material demonstrates anchor power. For this reason, it is not necessary to increase the thickness of the concrete in order to ensure its own weight as in the prior art.
In terms of material, corrosion of reinforcing bars is a problem in the coastal area for a long time, but since the mesh material is a non-metallic material such as a polymer material, there is no problem of corrosion.
The slope with a mesh-like structure is highly stable at all times and during earthquakes even when concrete is not placed, so leave it for a long time and place concrete after the settlement of the embankment or foundation ground has settled. You can also. In addition, this is desirable because of the structure of the dike.
Since the coarse-grained material wound with the net-like material is filled with concrete, it is desirable that the surface of the coarse-grained material is sufficiently washed away with deposits such as dust to enhance the adhesion of the concrete.
Since the rigidity of the net-like material is lower than that of the reinforcing bar, it cannot be expected to have a great tensile reinforcement effect before cracks occur in the concrete. Rather, it is thought that the effect starts to appear when the opening of the crack in the concrete spreads.

  In each of the above embodiments, the filter layer Mf is formed between the wall portions 8A to 8N and 208A to 208N and the embankment 9, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the filter layer Mf is not provided. May be. Moreover, in each said Example and each modification, although the surface by the side of the ground 3 is made into the ground surface of leveling or unsettled ground, it is not restricted to this, The excavated ground surface and the embankment surface where the embankment was thrown in Even if it is any one of the rolling surface where the embankment is compacted, the sedimentation surface where the deposit is accumulated, the existing embankment structure, the excavation surface where the existing embankment structure is excavated, or the slope between the mountain projections Good. Moreover, in each said Example and each modification, although configuring a part of embankment structure and stacking a wall part and providing the wall body which comprises a wall surface in one surface or both right and left, it is restricted to this. When constructing a flat polygonal embankment structure instead of a thing, it is good also considering a wall as three or more sides. Further, the extending direction of the wall body is not limited to a straight line, and the extending locus of the wall body may be a curved line or a bent line. Furthermore, the wall body configured by stacking the wall body portions may be formed substantially vertically or may be formed so as to be inclined. Further, the inner and outer dimensions of the wall body portion, that is, the thickness of the wall body may be changed in the vertical direction, or may be substantially the same. In that case, the wall surface of the wall body may be formed vertically or may be inclined. Further, in each of the above embodiments and each embodiment, the reinforcing material is connected by overlapping the folded free ends with each other. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the reinforcing material may be connected by a connecting tool. In each of the above embodiments, the mesh formed on the entire surface of both the reinforcing member 6 and the mesh bag body 305 has a gap that allows the flow of concrete, but is not limited thereto. It is also possible to form a blocking portion for blocking concrete intrusion in a part of the reinforcing material 6 and the net-like bag body 305 so as to block the free flow of the concrete and prevent the concrete from infiltrating into a desired portion. By comprising in this way, useless infiltration of the concrete to the embankment side or the filter layer side can be prevented. Further, the sandbag bag body may be formed of a wire net-like bag, and a stone material such as ballast, gravel material, crushed stone or the like may be used as the filling material.

3 Ground 6 Reticulated material 6B Free end of reticulated material 6A to 6N Wall part 7 Coarse grain 9 Filling 9A Filling upper surface 20 Wall Cf Concrete P1, P2 Filling structure formation planned position

Claims (24)

A net-like material with a gap allowing the inflow of concrete is laid on the ground side surface, extending in and out of the embankment structure based on the planned position of the embankment structure, and the coarse-grained material is embanked on the net-like material. Insert along the planned formation position, wrap at least one of the free ends of the net-like embankment structure inside and outside to wrap the coarse particles, and allow the concrete to flow between the wrapped coarse particles A first step of forming a wall body part that forms a part of the wall body while securing
A second step of throwing the embankment into the back side of the wall and forming the embankment upper surface;
A new mesh-like material is laid on the wall body and the upper surface of the embankment, extending in and out of the wall based on the planned position of the embankment structure, and coarse particles are placed on the new mesh-like material and wrapped. A third step of forming a new wall body portion on the side wall body portion;
Repeating the second and third steps and having a fourth step of leveling when the desired wall height is reached,
A fifth step of forming a wall body by spraying concrete onto the formed wall body portion from the outside , filling the coarse particle material, curing and curing, and integrating the net-like material and the coarse particle material with the concrete. The construction method of the embankment structure characterized by this.   The method for building a banking structure according to claim 1, wherein when the wall body is formed, the bank-side free end of the folded net-like material is extended to the banking side.   When laying a net-like material extending in and out of the embankment structure, install a wall form mold for molding the outer surface of the wall body, and extend the outer end along the net-like material along this formwork. The method for building an embankment structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the outer surface of the wall body portion is molded using this formwork. Put a coarse grain material into a mesh bag body with a gap allowing the inflow of concrete in advance and seal it, making a sandbag that secures a gap allowing the flow of concrete between the enclosed coarse grain material,
In the first step, on the ground side surface, this sandbag is arranged on the basis of the embankment structure formation planned position to form a wall part,
In the third step, a new sandbag is placed on the upper surface of the wall body and the upper surface of the embankment, and a new wall body is formed on the lower wall body by placing the embankment structure formation planned position as a reference,
The method for building an embankment structure according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the wall body is formed by integrating the mesh bag body and the coarse grain material constituting the sandbag with concrete. In the first step, a net-like material having a gap allowing the inflow of concrete is laid on the ground side surface, extending in and out of the embankment structure on the basis of the planned embankment structure formation position. The sandbag is placed on the basis of the planned embankment structure formation position to form the wall body,
Filling the back side of the wall body part in the second step to form the embankment upper surface, forming a new wall body part in the third step, repeat the second step and the third step,
When the multi-layered wall body is formed, at least one of the free ends of the net-like material in the embankment structure is folded back to wrap the multi-walled body, and at least one extended end of the net-like material is The embedding structure construction method according to claim 4, wherein the embedding structure is embedded in the embankment.   6. The method for building a banking structure according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the wall portions are stacked so that the outer side is inclined upward and the inner side is downward. On the ground side surface, a net-like material with a gap allowing the inflow of concrete is laid out in the direction of the embankment structure based on the planned embankment structure formation position, and the embankment structure formation planned position on the net-like material A steel frame in which a large number of voids that allow the inflow of concrete are fixed is fixed, coarse particles are thrown along the steel frame, and voids that allow the flow of concrete between the loaded coarse particles are formed. A first step of securing and forming a wall body part of the wall body with a steel frame and a coarse-grained material;
A second step of throwing the embankment into the back side of the wall body to form the embankment upper surface , wrapping the outer edge of the net-like material, wrapping the steel frame, and extending to the embankment upper surface ;
Reticulated material laid by extending the embankment structure-out direction relative to the embankment structure to be formed positioned on the wall portion and the fill top surface, after established the steel frame in the embankment structure formation planned location, coarse A third step of throwing the material along the steel frame, securing a gap allowing the flow of the concrete between the introduced coarse particles, and forming a new wall part;
Repeating the second and third steps and having a fourth step of leveling when the desired wall height is reached,
An embankment structure comprising: a fifth step of forming a wall body by placing concrete on the formed wall body portion and curing and hardening the coarse particle material and the steel frame with the concrete. How to build things. One end of a mesh material is connected to the inner surface on the back side of the steel frame, the other end is laid on the ground or the upper surface of the embankment, and this mesh material is embedded in the coarse grain material and the embankment. Item 8. A method for building an embankment structure according to Item 7. The method for building an embankment structure according to claim 7 or 8 , wherein in the fifth step, concrete is sprayed from the outside of the wall body to fill the coarse particles.   The fifth step is characterized in that, in the fifth step, a concrete outer wall molding form is placed outside the formed wall body part, the concrete is cast, and after curing and curing, demolding is performed. The construction method of the embankment structure of any one.   10. The construction of an embankment structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a concrete wall molding form is installed outside a part of the laminated wall body portion and concrete is cast. Method.   The method for building an embankment structure according to any one of claims 7 to 11, wherein the steel frame is formed in any one of a lattice shape, a fence shape, or a mesh shape. The concrete material molded at the position where the embankment structure is to be formed is fixed on the ground side surface, and coarse particles are poured along the molded concrete material, allowing the concrete to flow between the loaded coarse particles. A first step of forming a wall portion that forms a part of the wall body with a concrete material and a coarse-grained material that secures a gap to be formed;
A second step of throwing the embankment into the back side of the wall and forming the embankment upper surface;
A third step in which a coarse material is introduced along the molded concrete material, and a new wall body is formed by securing a gap allowing the flow of the concrete between the introduced coarse materials;
Repeating the second and third steps, and having a fourth step of leveling when the desired concrete material height is reached,
And a fifth step of forming a wall body by placing concrete on the formed wall body portion and curing and curing the coarse particle material and the molded concrete material to be integrated with the concrete. Construction method for embankment structures. On the back side the inner surface of the concrete material, connect one end of the net-like material having a clearance for permitting the flow of the concrete, the other end was laid on the ground or embankment top, into a coarse-grained material and embankment to be introduced the mesh material The embedding structure building method according to claim 13, wherein the embedding structure is embedded.   15. The method for building an embankment structure according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the molded concrete material is sequentially connected with a new concrete material on the upper side in accordance with the stacking of the wall portions.   The molded concrete material has a void portion for receiving the flow of concrete inside, and a constraining portion for constraining the hardened concrete is formed after the concrete is hardened. Construction method of embankment structure as described in 4. The net-like material is composed of a fixture attached to a molded concrete material or a steel frame, a net-like material connected to the fixture and extended to the embankment side, and a pile for fixing the net-like material. The method for building a banking structure according to any one of claims 7 to 12, 14 to 16.   The filter material is formed between the wall portion and the embankment by introducing a filter material that has water permeability and prevents outflow of earth and sand after the wall portion is formed and before the embankment is introduced. The construction method of the embankment structure of any one of thru | or 17.   The embankment structure according to any one of claims 1 to 18, wherein after the leveling, the settlement of the embankment or the embankment and the support ground below the embankment stops and the coarse-grained material settles down, and then concrete is poured. How to build things.   The inclination of the laminated wall body portion is determined according to the angle at which the concrete can flow from the upper wall body portion to the lower wall body portion when the concrete is placed from the top of the laminated wall body portion. The method for building an embankment structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, 12 to 19.   8. A tubular body having an upper end opening capable of receiving concrete when forming a wall body and having a number of through-holes formed on the outer surface thereof, which can be added and connected, is embedded in the coarse-grained material. 13. A method for building an embankment structure according to 13.   The embankment structure according to any one of claims 1 to 21, wherein the coarse-grained material includes any one of stone, gravel, gravel, ballast, crushed material, volcanic gravel, and concrete pieces. Building method.   The embankment includes any one of earth and sand, mountain soil, gravel, gravel, ballast, cohesive soil, soil improvement material, solidified soil, crushed material, volcanic ash, volcanic gravel, mines and residues. Item 23. The method for building an embankment structure according to any one of Items 1 to 22.   The net-like material is composed of at least any one of a metal strip, a geogrid, a geotextile, a geosynthetics, a resin sheet, or a nonwoven fabric each having a mesh, 17. A method for constructing an embankment structure according to any one of 17.

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