JP5941013B2 - Elevator abnormality diagnosis device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevator abnormality diagnosis device that detects an abnormality caused by foreign matter sticking to a sheave or pulley around which an elevator rope is wound.

  Generally, oil is applied to a rope of a rope type elevator for lubrication or rust prevention. As a method of applying oil, there are known a method of applying an oil supply device, a method of using a hemp core in a wire core of the rope itself, and a method in which oil is immersed. However, if oil adheres to the sheave or pulley groove around which the rope is wrapped, the oil becomes hard when the dust floating around it enters the oil, or depending on the oil component, the temperature drops in winter. The phenomenon of sticking to the groove of the sheave or pulley occurs. And, if oil sticks to the groove of the sheave or pulley in this way, every time the rope rides on the stuck object with the rotation of the sheave or pulley, a periodic vibration and abnormal noise will occur, This results in anxiety and discomfort for passengers in the car. In that case, maintenance personnel will take countermeasures toward the site, but even if maintenance personnel begin to investigate at the site, many pulleys are used in machine room-less rope elevators in recent years. Therefore, it takes a lot of time to identify the sheaves and pulleys that are the sources of abnormal noise and vibration.

  In order to avoid such a situation, conventionally, a sound sensor, a vibration sensor or the like is attached to an appropriate part of the car, and detection information output from these sensors, the position and direction during the car lifting / lowering from the operation control panel, An elevator abnormality diagnosis device has been proposed that performs abnormality determination of hoistway equipment and identification of equipment in which an abnormality has occurred based on state information such as speed and sensor information stored in advance ( For example, see Patent Document 1). This is a device in the hoistway when it is detected that the peak value of the sound captured by the sound sensor gradually increases or decreases continuously when the car is operated in the hoistway. It is determined that there is an abnormality in any of the above, and the sound peak value increases continuously when approaching the abnormality source in the hoistway, and the sound peak value gradually decreases gradually when moving away. The position where the alarm occurred is determined. In addition, if it is detected that the peak value of vibration or sound captured by the vibration sensor or sound sensor increases continuously when approaching the pit or decreases continuously when moving away from the pit, the equipment in the pit below the hoistway is detected. It is determined that there is an abnormality in any of the pits, and based on the frequency characteristic criteria when the equipment in each pit has an abnormality, it is determined which equipment in the pit has caused the abnormality. ing.

JP 09-208149 A

  However, in the above-described conventional technology disclosed in Patent Document 1, the device in which an abnormality has occurred is specified based on the frequency characteristic reference when the device has an abnormality, so that sheaves, pulleys, etc. It was difficult to determine the abnormality of the rotating object. In other words, even with elevators that use the same sheaves and pulleys, the rotational speeds of the sheaves and pulleys are different for elevators with different rated speeds. Since the rotational speeds are different, the frequency characteristics at the time of occurrence of abnormality include many change factors. For this reason, it is necessary to prepare a number of reference values for frequency characteristics according to the rotational speed for rotational drive systems such as sheaves and pulleys, which complicates arithmetic processing and determination processing. Therefore, it is difficult to easily and accurately determine a device in which an abnormality has occurred.

  The present invention has been made in view of the situation of the prior art as described above, and its purpose is to simply and accurately determine that a foreign object has adhered to a groove of a sheave or pulley that is a device of a rotational drive system. It is an object of the present invention to provide an elevator abnormality diagnosis device that can perform the above-described operation.

  In order to achieve the above object, an elevator abnormality diagnosis device according to the present invention includes a car that moves up and down in a hoistway, a sheave that rotates using a motor as a drive source, and a rope that is wound around the sheave and a pulley. And an elevator abnormality diagnosing device that diagnoses abnormality of the sheave or the pulley based on a detection signal of a sensor provided in the car, and a counterweight connected to the car via the rope. A rotary encoder that detects rotation information of the motor, speed / position measuring means that measures the speed and position of the car based on an output signal of the rotary encoder, and an abnormal condition based on a detection signal of the sensor. Based on the sensor abnormality determining means for detecting the presence, the measurement result of the speed / position measuring means and the sensor abnormality determining means Calculated by an abnormality occurrence cycle distance calculating means for calculating an interval at which the occurrence of an abnormality as a distance, an outer peripheral length storage means for storing the outer peripheral lengths of the sheave and the pulley in advance, and the abnormality occurrence cycle distance calculating means. And an abnormal part specifying means for specifying the sheave or the pulley in which an abnormality has occurred by comparing the measured distance with the outer peripheral length stored in the outer peripheral length storage means.

  In the present invention, when an elevator travels, a sensor attached to the car detects that an abnormality has occurred periodically, and the distance at which the abnormality has occurred is determined based on the position signal of the car. Since the calculated sheave and pulley are compared with the pre-stored outer perimeter of the sheave and pulley to identify the sheave or pulley that has malfunctioned, the groove of the sheave or pulley that is the device of the rotational drive system It can be simply and accurately determined that the foreign matter has adhered to the surface.

It is a block diagram which shows the abnormality diagnosis apparatus of the elevator which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows each signal waveform at the time of elevator travel. It is explanatory drawing which shows the outer periphery length memorize | stored in an outer periphery length memory | storage means. It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence of the abnormality diagnosis apparatus shown in FIG.

  Hereinafter, an elevator abnormality diagnosis apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an elevator abnormality diagnosis apparatus according to the present embodiment. In FIG. 1, 1 is an elevator car, 2 is a counterweight, 3 is a rope, and a rope 3 is a car 1. The counterweight 2 is supported by its own weight, and both ends thereof are installed on the building side. Reference numeral 4 denotes a motor, and 5 a rotary encoder that detects rotation information (rotation amount and direction) of the motor 4. The rotary encoder 5 outputs a pulse signal proportional to the rotation of the motor 4. Reference numeral 6 denotes a governor which is a safety device for detecting an abnormal speed of the car 1 and safely stops the elevator, 7 is a governor rope, 8 is a connecting tool for connecting the car 1 and the governor rope 7, and 9 is a car 1. In this embodiment, an acceleration sensor (vibration sensor) 9a, a load sensor 9b, and a sound collection sensor 9c are used as the sensors 9. Pl is a sheave that is directly connected to the motor 4 and rotates, P2 is a counterweight pulley, P3a is a first top pulley, P3b is a second top pulley, P4a is a first car lower pulley, and P4b is a second car lower pulley, A rope 3 is wound around the sheave Pl and the pulleys P2, P3a, P3b, P4a, and P4b. P5a is a first governor pulley and P5b is a second governor pulley. A governor rope 7 is wound around these pulleys P5a and P5b.

  Reference numeral 10 denotes a control device (CPU) that executes a series of processes by the abnormality diagnosis device according to the present embodiment. The control device 10 includes a speed / position detection unit 11, an abnormality threshold storage unit 12, a sensor abnormality determination unit 13, and an abnormality. A detection car position recording means 14, an abnormality occurrence cycle distance calculating means 15, an outer peripheral length storage means 16, an abnormal part specifying means 17 and the like are provided. The speed / position detection means 11 detects the speed and position of the car 1 based on the pulse signal output from the rotary encoder 5, and the abnormal threshold storage means 12 determines whether the measured value of the sensor 9 is abnormal. Therefore, an abnormal threshold value is stored in advance. The sensor abnormality determination means 13 detects an abnormal state by comparing the abnormality threshold value stored in the abnormality threshold value storage means 12 with the measured value of the sensor 9, and the abnormality detection car position recording means 14 is detected by the sensor abnormality determination means 13. When an abnormality is detected, the car position of the car 1 is recorded based on the car position signal from the speed / position detecting means 11. The abnormality occurrence cycle distance calculation means 15 calculates the distance between a plurality of car positions recorded in the abnormality detection car position recording means 14 as a distance, and the outer peripheral length storage means 16 stores the sheave Pl and each pulley (P2, P3a, etc.). The outer peripheral length (circumference) is stored in advance. The abnormal part specifying means 17 compares the distance calculated by the abnormality occurrence cycle distance calculating means 15 with the outer peripheral length stored in the outer peripheral length storage means 16 and specifies a sheave or pulley in which an abnormality has occurred. Reference numeral 18 is a telephone line, and 19 is a monitoring center.

  FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing signal waveforms during elevator travel. In FIG. 2, V is a speed waveform measured by the speed / position detecting means 11, α is an acceleration sensor waveform measured by the acceleration sensor 9a, and α1. Is an acceleration sensor upper limit abnormality threshold value, and α2 is an acceleration sensor lower limit abnormality threshold value. These acceleration sensor upper limit abnormality threshold value α1 and acceleration sensor lower limit abnormality threshold value α2 are stored in the abnormality threshold value storage means 12 in advance. W is a load sensor waveform measured by the load sensor 9b, Wl is a load sensor upper limit abnormal threshold, W2 is a load sensor lower limit abnormal threshold, and these load sensor upper limit abnormal threshold W1 and load sensor lower limit abnormal threshold W2 are abnormal threshold storage means. 12 is stored in advance. D is a sound sensor waveform measured by the sound collection sensor 9c, Dl is a sound sensor upper limit abnormality threshold value, and the sound sensor upper limit abnormality threshold value D1 is stored in advance in the abnormality threshold storage means 12. Lc is a car position waveform measured by the speed / position detecting means 11.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the sheaves and the outer perimeters (circumferences) of the pulleys stored in the outer perimeter storage means 16, in which LP1 is the outer perimeter of the sheave Pl and LP2 is the counter. The outer peripheral length of the weight pulley P2, LP3a is the outer peripheral length of the first top pulley P3a, LP3b is the outer peripheral length of the second top pulley P3b, LP4a is the outer peripheral length of the first lower pulley P4a, and LP4b is the second car The outer peripheral length of the lower pulley P4b, LP5a indicates the outer peripheral length of the first governor pulley P5a, and LP5b indicates the outer peripheral length of the second governor pulley P5b.

  Next, the processing procedure of the abnormality diagnosis apparatus according to the present embodiment will be described based on the flowchart shown in FIG.

  First, in step Sl of FIG. 4, when it is detected by the speed / position detection means 11 that the elevator has started running, in step S2, it is determined whether or not the measurement value of the sensor 9 has exceeded the abnormality threshold value by the abnormality determination means 13. judge. At that time, the acceleration sensor 9a is used as the sensor 9, and when an abnormality occurs in the sheave or the pulley, the vibration transmitted to the car 1 via the rope 3, the governor rope 7 or the connecting tool 8 is measured by the acceleration sensor 9a. Just do it. Further, a load sensor 9b known to have a strong correlation with the measured value of the acceleration sensor 9a is used as the sensor 9, and when an abnormality occurs in the sheave or the pulley, the amount of deflection of the floor surface of the car 1 is determined by the load sensor. You may make it measure by 9b. Alternatively, the sound collecting sensor 9c may be used as the sensor 9, and the abnormal sound generated may be measured by the sound collecting sensor 9c. Moreover, it is also possible to improve abnormality detection accuracy by using the sensors 9a, 9b, and 9c in combination.

  Here, when the acceleration sensor 9a is used as the sensor 9, the acceleration sensor upper limit abnormality threshold α1 and the acceleration sensor lower limit abnormality threshold α2 stored in advance in the abnormality threshold storage unit 12 are used for abnormality determination. When the load sensor 9b is used as the sensor 9, the load sensor upper limit abnormality threshold W1 and the load sensor lower limit abnormality threshold W2 stored in the abnormality threshold storage unit 12 in advance are used for abnormality determination. When the sound collection sensor 9c is used as the sensor 9, the sound sensor upper limit abnormality threshold D1 stored in advance in the abnormality threshold storage unit 12 is used for abnormality determination. When the load sensor 9b is used as the sensor 9, the value of the load sensor 9b varies depending on the number of passengers in the car 1 and the loading capacity. Therefore, the load sensor upper limit abnormality threshold Wl and the load sensor lower limit abnormality threshold W2 are The threshold value is preferably corrected based on the measurement value of the load sensor 9b immediately before the elevator travel so that the abnormality can be detected correctly.

  In step S2, if the sensor abnormality determination means 13 determines that the measured value of the sensor 9 has exceeded the abnormality threshold value, the process proceeds to step S3, where the abnormality detection car position recording means 14 is measured by the speed / car position detection means 11. The car position Lc at the time of failure is recorded as the car position Ln at the time of abnormality detection. Here, as shown in FIG. 2, the car position Ln at the time of abnormality detection is recorded as L0, L1, L2,... In the order of detection, and L0 is recorded for the first time.

  Next, in step S4, it is determined by the speed / position detection means 11 whether or not the elevator is traveling. If it is traveling, the process returns to step S2. If an abnormality is detected in the same manner as described above in step S2, the car position Ln at the time of detecting the abnormality is recorded in step S3 as described above. At this time, since the car position Ln at the time of abnormality detection is recorded as L0, L1, L2,... In the order of detection, L1 is recorded the second time. Thus, during elevator travel, steps S2 to S4 are repeated, and the car position Ln (L0, L1, L2,...) At the time of abnormality detection is recorded.

  When the elevator stops, the process proceeds from step S4 to step S5, and the abnormality occurrence cycle distance calculation means 15 performs the abnormality detection position distance Lsn (Ls1) from the car position Ln (L0, L1, L2,...) At the time of abnormality detection described above. , Ls2... (Lsn = Ln− (Ln−1)), that is, Ls1 = L1-L0, Ls2 = L2-L1, Ls3 = L3-L2,. Then, the distance Lsn between abnormal detection positions (Ls1, Ls2,...) Is calculated.

  Next, the process proceeds to step S6, and the abnormality occurrence cycle distance calculation means 15 performs a known median process from the abnormality detection position distances Lsn (Ls1, Ls2,...) To obtain the abnormality detection position distance. The median LsM is selected. For example, if Ls1 = 100 [mm], Ls2 = 501 [mm], Ls3 = 495 [mm], Ls4 = 500 [mm], Ls5 = 504 [mm], these are set in ascending order (ascending order). When rearranged, Ls1 = 100 [mm], Ls3 = 495 [mm], Ls4 = 500 [mm], Ls2 = 501 [mm], Ls5 = 504 [mm], and the median is Ls4 = 500 [mm]. Therefore, the median value LsM of the distance between the abnormality detection positions is Ls4 (LsM = Ls4). When the number of abnormality detection position distances Lsn (Ls1, Ls2,...) Is not an odd number but an even number as described above, it is common to take an average value of two central values. Although the value is calculated, a method of selecting one of the two central values may be used to simplify the process. In addition, instead of taking the median value as described above, an average value may be taken. However, if the average value is taken, it is easy to be affected by abnormal values or outliers due to noise or the like. It is better to take the median value.

  Next, the process proceeds to step S7, and the abnormality occurrence cycle distance calculation means 15 determines that the abnormality detection position distance Lsn (Ls1, Ls2,...) It is determined whether there are more than a predetermined number of values approximated within a predetermined range. Here, if there is a predetermined number or more of approximate values within a predetermined range in the distance Lsn between abnormality detection positions (Ls1, Ls2,...) With respect to the median value LsM of the distance between abnormality detection positions. Then, it is determined that an abnormality such as periodic vibration or sound has occurred with the rotation of the sheave or pulley, and the process proceeds to step S8. If the above condition is not satisfied in step S7, the series of processes is terminated.

  When the process proceeds to step S8, the abnormal part specifying means 17 uses the values of the outer lengths of the sheaves and pulleys stored in the outer peripheral length storage means 16 (Lp1, pL2, Lp3a, Lp3b, Lp4a, Lp4b, Lp5a, Lp5b) and the above-mentioned median value LsM of the distance between the abnormality detection positions are compared, and it is determined whether or not there is a match within a predetermined range. Here, if there is a coincidence within a predetermined range between the median value LsM of the distance between the abnormality detection positions and the outer peripheral length (Lp1, Lp2, Lp3a, Lp3b, Lp4a, Lp4b, Lp5a, Lp5b), the process proceeds to step S9. Advancing and identifying the sheave or pulley having the same outer peripheral length as an abnormality occurrence site. For example, if the median value LsM of the distance between the abnormality detection positions and the outer peripheral length Lp2 match within a predetermined range, the counterweight pulley P2 is specified as an abnormal part. On the other hand, if the above-described condition is not satisfied in step S8, the series of processing ends.

  When a sheave or pulley is specified as an abnormal site by the abnormal site specifying means 17 in step S9, the process proceeds to step S10, and an abnormality is notified to the monitoring center 19 through the telephone line 18. As a result, as shown in step Sll, the monitoring center 19 dispatches maintenance personnel to the site, and the maintenance personnel can immediately grasp an abnormal sheave or pulley and perform inspection and cleaning. In step S10, an abnormality may be notified to the monitoring center 19 through the Internet instead of the telephone line 18.

  As described above, according to the elevator abnormality diagnosis device of the present invention, when the elevator travels, the sensor 9 attached to the car 1 periodically detects that an abnormality has occurred, and further, the car 1 Based on the position signal, the interval at which an abnormality has occurred is calculated as a distance, and this can be compared with the pre-stored outer circumference of the sheave or pulley to identify the sheave or pulley where the abnormality has occurred. It is possible to easily and accurately determine that foreign matter has adhered to the grooves of the sheave Pl and the pulleys (P2, P3a, P3b, P4a, P4b, P5a, P5b), which are rotational drive system devices.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Car 2 Balance weight 3 Rope 4 Motor 5 Rotary encoder 6 Governor 7 Governor rope 8 Connection tool 9 Sensor 9a Acceleration sensor (vibration sensor)
9b Load sensor 9c Sound collection sensor 10 Control device (CPU)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Speed / position detection means 12 Abnormal threshold storage means 13 Sensor abnormality determination means 14 Abnormality detection car position recording means 15 Abnormality occurrence cycle distance calculation means 16 Perimeter length storage means 17 Abnormal part identification means 18 Telephone line 19 Monitoring center Pl Sheave P2 Counter Weight pulley P3a First top pulley P3b Second top pulley P4a First car lower pulley P4b Second car lower pulley P5a First governor pulley P5b Second governor pulley V Speed waveform α Acceleration sensor waveform α1 Acceleration sensor upper limit abnormal threshold α2 Acceleration sensor lower limit abnormality Threshold W Load sensor waveform Wl Load sensor upper limit abnormal threshold W2 Load sensor lower limit abnormal threshold D Sound sensor waveform Dl Sound sensor upper limit abnormal threshold Lc Car position waveform

Claims (7)

A car that moves up and down in the hoistway, a sheave that rotates using a motor as a drive source, a rope wound around the sheave and a pulley, and a counterweight connected to the car via the rope, In an elevator abnormality diagnosis device for diagnosing abnormality of the sheave or the pulley based on a detection signal of a sensor provided in the car,
A rotary encoder that detects rotation information of the motor, a speed / position measuring unit that measures the speed and position of the car based on an output signal of the rotary encoder, and an abnormal state based on a detection signal of the sensor An abnormality occurrence cycle distance calculating means for calculating an interval at which an abnormality has occurred based on a measurement result of the speed / position measuring means and the sensor abnormality determining means as a distance; The outer peripheral length storage means for storing the outer peripheral length of the sheave and the pulley in advance, the distance calculated by the abnormality occurrence cycle distance calculating means and the outer peripheral length stored in the outer peripheral length storage means are compared. An elevator abnormality characterized by comprising an abnormal part specifying means for specifying the sheave or the pulley in which an abnormality has occurred Cross-sectional devices.   2. The elevator abnormality diagnosis device according to claim 1, wherein an acceleration sensor is used as the sensor, and when an abnormality occurs in the sheave or the pulley, the acceleration sensor transmits vibration transmitted to the car via the rope. An elevator abnormality diagnosis device characterized by measuring.   The elevator abnormality diagnosis device according to claim 1, wherein a load sensor is used as the sensor, and when the abnormality occurs in the sheave or the pulley, the load sensor transmits vibration transmitted to the car via the rope. An elevator abnormality diagnosing device, characterized by measuring from the amount of deflection of the floor surface of the car.   The abnormality diagnosis device for an elevator according to claim 1, wherein a sound collection sensor is used as the sensor, and an abnormal sound generated by the sound collection sensor is measured when an abnormality occurs in the sheave or the pulley. Elevator abnormality diagnosis device.   2. The elevator abnormality diagnosis device according to claim 1, wherein the abnormality occurrence cycle distance calculation unit is applied to the sheave or the pulley only when a predetermined number or more of calculation results of the distance in which an abnormality has occurred are obtained. An elevator abnormality diagnosis device characterized by determining that an abnormality has occurred.   2. The elevator abnormality diagnosis device according to claim 1, wherein the abnormal part specifying unit includes a distance calculated by the abnormality occurrence cycle distance calculating unit and an outer periphery of the sheave and the pulley stored in the outer peripheral length storage unit. An elevator abnormality diagnosis device characterized by comparing the sheave or the pulley that matches within a predetermined range as an abnormality occurrence portion by comparing with a length.   2. The elevator abnormality diagnosis device according to claim 1, wherein when the abnormal part specifying means specifies the sheave or the pulley in which an abnormality has occurred, the abnormality is notified to the monitoring center via a telephone line or the Internet. An elevator abnormality diagnosis device characterized in that a maintenance worker can be dispatched.

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