JP5934637B2 - Construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator, and more particularly to an arrangement of a switching valve, a hydraulic hose connected thereto, and a wire harness provided in a small and medium-sized construction machine.

  In a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator, a pilot valve is operated by operating a plurality of operation levers provided in the cab, and a hydraulic control valve connected to the pilot valve is operated to operate various operation parts such as a boom and a bucket. Operate. At this time, a switching valve for manually or electrically switching the operation content of the operation lever is disposed between the pilot valve and the hydraulic control valve. Then, this switching valve is switched before work, and the operation of the actuator is made to correspond to the operation direction of the operation lever familiar to the operator.

  A conventional example of the arrangement and structure of the switching valve is described in Patent Document 1. In the construction machine described in Patent Document 1, effective arrangement of space and an optimum layout are realized by devising an arrangement structure of a switching valve that changes a connection relationship between a hydraulic control valve and a pilot valve. That is, a switching valve capable of manually switching the connection relationship between each pilot port of the hydraulic control valve and a plurality of pilot valves operated by the operation lever, by arranging the hydraulic control valve between a pair of frame members of the tail frame, The frame member is disposed on the upper flange on the side close to the operation lever.

  By the way, there are cases where a utility room is formed in the construction machine, and in that case, the utility room is often formed behind the cab. An example of using the utility room effectively is described in Patent Document 2. In the construction machine described in this publication, an engine controller and an air cleaner are provided in the utility room to protect the engine controller from temperature changes and vibrations in the vicinity of the engine, to prevent an increase in engine intake air temperature, and to improve maintenance. Yes.

JP 2001-262616 A JP 2007-170129 A

  When there is a possibility of using different construction machines, using a construction machine having a switching valve and switching the switching valve before work is from the viewpoint of ease of work of the worker and improvement of safety. It is also important. Therefore, when a manual switching valve is used, it is necessary for the operator to easily access the switching valve. On the other hand, in a switching valve having an electromagnetic valve for electrical switching, the operator does not need to access the switching valve directly before work, but the hydraulic hose and the control signal wire harness coexist in a narrow space. Become.

  In the construction machine described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, because the switching valve is arranged near the hydraulic control valve, the space can be effectively utilized, but the engine is located in the substantially central part of the construction machine. It is difficult for an operator to work while standing on the ground near a construction machine. For this reason, the worker is forced to climb the construction machine.

  In the case of a small construction machine, work near the construction machine is also conceivable. However, in order to prevent malfunction at the time of switching of the switching valve, easy switching prevention is set, and the workability is not improved so much even when working from the side of the construction machine. On the other hand, in a small construction machine, the space allowed for installation of the switching valve is limited to a narrow space, and it becomes difficult to visually recognize the switching position that is essential depending on the installation position.

  In order to satisfy the requirements associated with such manual switching, if the switching valve is arranged in the utility room formed behind the cab of the construction machine, the switching valve can be switched while the operator is standing on the ground. . That is, if the utility room is effectively used as described in Patent Document 2, the difficulty of switching operation of the switching valve is eliminated, and the switching content can be confirmed.

  Since the construction machine described in Patent Document 2 is a relatively large construction machine, a utility room and a room in which a radiator and an oil cooler are arranged are partitioned by a partition wall. For this reason, hot air generated in a machine room or the like in which the engine is disposed is prevented from flowing into the utility room, and the temperature of the utility room is prevented from rising. However, in a small construction machine, it is difficult to secure a room partitioned as a utility room, and even if the utility room is formed, a room where a radiator or an oil cooler is arranged and an integrated room must be formed. In that case, the switching valve is arranged in a small space formed in the utility chamber, and it is difficult to take measures for preventing heat intrusion. Furthermore, when switching electrically, a wire harness is used in addition to the hydraulic hose, and further effective utilization of a narrow space is required.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a utility chamber (part) and a radiator chamber from a switching valve arrangement portion even in a small construction machine in a construction machine having a switching valve. This is to reliably prevent hot air from being introduced. In addition to the above object, another object of the present invention is to facilitate access to a switching valve if it is a manually switching switching valve. In the case of a switching valve that is electrically switched, a wire harness and hydraulic pressure The purpose is to accommodate the hose in a small space in a compact manner.

  A feature of the present invention that achieves the above-described object is that an upper swing body on which an engine is mounted with a cab on which an operator is boarded at the front and a counterweight at the rear, and an engine mounted thereon, the front mounted on the upper swing body, In a construction machine including a lower traveling body positioned below an upper swing body, the upper swing body is disposed in a pair of left and right side frames and between the side frames and substantially parallel to the side frame. A pair of center frames and a plurality of reinforcing beams connecting the side frames and the center frame, and a utility chamber is defined in the plurality of reinforcing beams and disposed on the back side of the cab. A first reinforcing beam to which the partition wall is attached, and a second reinforcing beam disposed on the counterweight side adjacent to the first reinforcing beam; A switching valve that switches the operation of the front or switches the assist operation that is added to the front is placed on the bracket, and a switching valve cover that covers the switching valve is attached to the bracket. That is.

  In this feature, a wire harness is disposed on the center frame side of the bracket and between the first reinforcing beam and the second reinforcing beam, and the wire harness is connected to the switching valve on the bracket. Alternatively, a clamp for holding at least one of the hydraulic hoses may be attached, and one end of the bracket is fixed to the first reinforcing beam, and the other end of the bracket is more counter to the second reinforcing beam than the second reinforcing beam.・ It is good that it is extended to the weight side. Furthermore, an attachment portion of the switching valve cover to the bracket may be attached to an extension portion of the bracket toward the counterweight side.

  The cover of the switching valve is a box-shaped cover or a split-type cover, one of which is attached to the bracket and the other is a lid shape that engages with a portion attached to the bracket. It is good that either.

  According to the present invention, the bracket for connecting the two beams disposed behind the cab of the construction machine is provided, and the switching valve is attached to the bracket. Therefore, it is possible to prevent hot air from being introduced from the switching valve arrangement portion into the utility chamber (portion) where the air cleaner is arranged. Further, since the switching valve can be arranged below the utility chamber, the manual switching valve can be easily accessed. On the other hand, in the case of a switching valve that switches electrically, the wire harness and the hydraulic hose can be compactly accommodated in a narrow space.

1 is a side view of an embodiment of a construction machine according to the present invention. It is a top view of the construction machine shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the flame | frame part of the upper turning body with which the construction machine shown in FIG. 1 is provided. It is a perspective view around the utility room with which the construction machine shown in FIG. 1 is equipped. It is a perspective view of the lower part of the utility room shown in FIG. FIG. 6 is a perspective view around a bracket for a hydraulic hose and a wire harness connected to the switching valve shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a U portion in FIG. 3. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the cover attached to the switching valve with which the construction machine shown in FIG. 1 is provided.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a construction machine according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a side view of a hydraulic excavator 1 according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a top view of the hydraulic excavator 1. The hydraulic excavator 1 is a self-propelled crawler-type lower traveling body 2, and is mounted on the lower traveling body 2 so as to be able to turn, and together with the lower traveling body 2, an upper revolving body 3 constituting a vehicle body of the hydraulic excavator 1 A front 4 is provided on the front side of the upper swing body 3 so as to be movable up and down. The excavator 1 is used for excavation work of earth and sand.

  The upper swing body 3 includes a swing frame 5 serving as a center of swing, a cab 6 mounted on the upper side of the swing frame 5 and on the front side, and a counter mounted on the rear side of the upper side of the swing frame 5. It has a weight 8 and an engine 9 located between the cab 6 and the counterweight 8. A heat exchanger 12 is disposed on the outside air intake side of the engine 9, and a hydraulic pump unit 19 is disposed on the exhaust side. A portion where the engine 9 and the like are arranged constitutes a machine room, and a part of the machine room is covered with a machine room cover 17. On the other hand, the side portion of the excavator 1 on the rear side of the cab 6 is covered with a building cover 11. The building cover 11 is a single-opening type, and can be opened and closed with the end portion on the cab 6 side as the center of rotation.

  A turning motor 3A is disposed on the right side of the cab 6 and immediately behind the mounting portion of the front 4, and a hydraulic control valve 30 is disposed on the rear portion of the turning motor 3A. The hydraulic control valve 30 is connected by piping to a switching valve 29 disposed behind the cab 6.

In FIG. 3, the structure of the flame | frame 5 which comprises the foundation of the upper revolving structure 3 is shown with a perspective view. In the following description, the frame 5 is indicated by the floor plate 20. A center frame 25 made up of two vertical plates standing on the floor plate 20 with an interval and provided with a mounting hole for the front 4 at the upper end portion, and provided at the rear portion of the center frame 25, with flanges at the top and bottom, respectively. a tail frame of 23, 22 is provided, along with provided in parallel with the center frame 25 and the tail frame, the side frame 24a provided on the outermost left-right direction, and 24b, the center frame 25 and the tail frame and It is comprised from the some reinforcement beam which connects the side frames 24a and 24b.

  At a position formed between the left side frame 24a and the center frame 25 and the tail frame 23, a rectangular cab portion 6A constituting the floor surface of the cab 6 is formed at the forefront, and the rear of the cab portion 6A. A utility chamber 15A is formed in the case. At the forefront of the cab 6A, operation levers 96 and 98 for instructing the operations of the front 4 and the upper swing body 3 of the excavator 1 are arranged in parallel on the left and right. Pilot valve units 97 and 99 are disposed at the bases of the operation levers 96 and 98, respectively. Note that beams 26b and 26c are provided as reinforcing beams at the lower portion of the utility chamber 15A.

  The utility chamber 15A is partitioned by a partition wall 14 indicated by a one-dot chain line provided in a reinforcing beam 26c that connects the side frame 24a and the center frame 25. A switching valve 29 is disposed in the utility chamber 15A, and is connected to the pilot valve units 97 and 99 by a hydraulic hose or a wire harness.

  The center frame 25 also serves as a heat shield. The center frame 25, the tail frame 23, and each reinforcing beam are provided with brackets (not shown), and members such as the heat exchanger 12, the engine 9, and the hydraulic pump unit 19 are fixed to the frame 20 by the brackets. In addition, holes are formed in the floor steel plate 21, the center frame 25, the tail frame 23, and the reinforcing beam as necessary for the piping and wiring.

  As shown in FIG. 3, in this embodiment, the switching valve 29 is arranged in the middle of the piping system connecting the pilot valve units 97 and 99 and the hydraulic control valve 30. This is because when there are a plurality of work machines, the operation directions of the operation levers 96 and 98 are unified for all machines, or the operation levers 96 and 98 for the operator who operates the work machine 1 are easy to operate. This is because the driving direction is set to 1 and the assist is an added operation function.

  Here, the assist control is an attachment operation function added as a work device, for example, an additional function control such as rotation of a bucket attached to the front end 4. In addition to the operation of the operation levers 96 and 98 themselves, these additional functions are operated by operating buttons provided on the operation levers 96 and 98, etc., so that an electric signal is transmitted to the switching valve (electromagnetic valve) 29, 29 is operated with hydraulic pressure controlled by 29.

  When the switching valve 29 is arranged in the utility chamber (part) 15, it is necessary to make a hole in the floor part for handling the hydraulic hose piping. In that case, the heat exchanger 12 is arranged in the utility chamber (part) 15 There is a possibility that hot air enters the heat exchanger 12 because it is not partitioned from the portion that is present. Moreover, although the air cleaner 13 is provided in the upper part of the utility chamber, there exists a possibility that the intake air temperature of this air cleaner 13 may rise. Therefore, in this embodiment, the intrusion of high-temperature air from the floor steel plate 21 is stopped by the switching valve 29 part. This prevents high-temperature air from entering the air cleaner 13 and the heat exchanger 12.

  Details of the switching valve 29 will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the utility chamber 15 formed by dividing the cab 6 behind the partition wall 14. In this FIG. 4, it has shown in the state which removed the single-opening type building cover 11. As shown in FIG. FIG. 5 is a view showing a state of the lower part of the utility chamber 15 shown in FIG. 4, and is a view in which a switching valve 29 is arranged on the floor surface. In FIG. 5, the cover attached to the switching valve 29 is removed. FIG. 6 is a detailed view of a portion corresponding to the U portion of FIG. 3, and is a view of the switching valve 29 as viewed from below. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a portion where the switching valve 29 is arranged.

  Conventionally, the space behind the cab 6 has been partitioned by a wall member into a utility room on the front side and a radiator chamber on the rear side. Since the present embodiment is a small hydraulic excavator, the space behind the cab 6 is an integrated space without a wall and constitutes a single utility chamber 15.

  Since the air cleaner 13 is disposed in the utility chamber 15, an increase in the temperature of the utility chamber 15 leads to a decrease in engine performance. Therefore, heat transfer from the engine 9 to the utility chamber 15 is blocked. As described above, the switching valve 29 is connected to the hydraulic hose 41b and the wire harness 41a, and the exhaust heat on the engine 9 side easily enters. Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown below, the switching valve 29 disposed on the floor surface side of the utility chamber 15, the hydraulic hose 41b and the wire harness 41a connected to the switching valve 29 are partitioned by a switching valve cover 40 or the like. Yes.

Details of attaching the switching valve 29 to the floor of the utility chamber 15 will be described with reference to FIGS. Among the plurality of reinforcing beams connecting the left side frame 24a and the center frame 25, a partition wall 14 is erected on a U-shaped reinforcing beam 26c installed on the back surface of the cab. Parallel to the reinforcing beams 26c, a reinforcing beam 26b disposed counter weights 8 side, an upper horizontal portion 26b _1, a vertical portion 26b ₂ which is bent substantially perpendicular from the upper horizontal portion 26b _1, the vertical portion 26b ₂ And has a lower horizontal portion 26b ₃ bent substantially at a right angle, and has a B-shaped cross section. A floor member 21a for mounting the heat exchanger 12 and the like is attached to the reinforcing beam 26b on the side facing the building cover 11 of the utility room 15 by a floor member fixture (bolt and nut) 50a.

Further, the bent end 21b ₁ of the bracket 21b having a shape bent one end side of the flat plate, mounted in a bracket fastener (bolt and nut) 50b to the reinforcing beam 26c via the partition wall 14. The other end side of the bracket 21 b is placed on the reinforcing beam 26 b and fixed to the reinforcing beam 26 b with a bracket fixture (bolt and nut) 56. Horizontal portion 21b ₂ of the bracket 21b is used for mounting the switching valve 29.

  On the upper surface of the bracket 21b, flat plate portions on both sides of the switching valve mounting base 27 bent in a trapezoidal shape are fixed using switching valve mounting base fixing tools (bolts and nuts) 52a and 52b. A switching valve 29 is mounted on the switching valve mount 27, and is fixed from the back side of the switching valve mount 27 by a switching valve fixture (bolts and nuts) 55. Since the switching valve mounting base 27 is formed in a trapezoidal shape, the bolt 55 can be prevented from interfering with the bracket 21b.

On the back side of the bracket 21b, a wiring / pipe storage member (bracket) 28 is provided to hold the wiring / pipe 41. The wiring / pipe housing member 28 is bent upward at a vertical mounting portion 28a, horizontally extending at a substantially right angle from the vertical mounting portion 28a, and bent upward at a substantially right angle from the horizontal portion 28b. It has the vertical part 28c and the horizontal attachment part 28d bent at substantially right angle from this vertical part 28c. The vertical attachment portion 28a is attached to the reinforcing beam 26c via the partition wall 14 using a wiring / pipe storage member fixture (bolt and nut) 51b. Horizontal mounting portion 28d, using the wiring and piping housing member fastener bolts and nuts) 51a, is fixed to the back surface side of the upper horizontal portion 26b ₁ of the reinforcing beam 26b.

  In other words, the wiring / pipe housing member 28 has a convex shape at the center, and a clamp 35a having an end fixed to the lower convex shape portion with fasteners (bolts and nuts) 35b, 36b, 36a is attached. The clamp 35a holds the wire harness 41a, and the clamp 36a holds the hydraulic hose 41b. A partition plate 32 is provided on the further back side of the wiring / pipe storage member 28, and the utility chamber 15 is partitioned from a machine room in which an engine or the like is disposed. The partition plate 32 is formed with a wire harness hole 33 and a hydraulic hose hole 34, which are used to guide the wire harness 41a and the hydraulic hose 41b to the operation levers 96 and 98 and the hydraulic control valve 30, respectively.

  In order to partition the switching valve 29 configured as described above, a switching valve cover 40 having an L-shaped upper surface is provided. The switching valve cover 40 closes a gap on the floor surface of the utility chamber 15 formed between the reinforcing beam 26c and the reinforcing beam 26b. Although not shown in FIG. 7, a plate-like closing member is provided so as to close the floor surface on the L-shaped portion of the switching valve cover 40 or on the front side of the switching valve cover 40. Yes.

  FIG. 8 shows several embodiments of a cover that covers the upper portion of the switching valve 29. In FIG. 8A, the cover 40 that covers the switching valve 29 is attached to the bracket 21 b with a case fixture (bolts or the like) 54. When the switching valve 29 is an electromagnetic valve type, it is not necessary to manually switch the switching valve 29, so that the cover 40 is not frequently removed, and the cover 40 can be configured in a shape corresponding to the floor shape of the utility chamber 15. It is suitable for preventing heat from entering from the machine room or the like.

  In FIG. 8 (b), the cover covering the switching valve 29 is divided into two parts, one cover 40a is bracketed with a case fixture 54 and the other cover 40b is rotatable with a hinge part 42. Yes. The two covers 40 a and 40 b are locked by a set screw (wing screw) 43. When the switching valve 29 is connected to a hydraulic hose and needs to be manually switched before work, the working space can be secured above the switching valve 29 by rotating the cover 40b around the hinge portion 42. .

  FIG. 8C shows an example in which a cover that covers the switching valve 29 is fitted into the structure 44. One cover 40c is fixed to the bracket 21b with a fixture 54, and the other cover 40d is fitted in the cover 40c with a cap shape. The height of the cover 40d acting as a cap is higher than that of the cover 40c in the figure, but is set in consideration of operability. The fitting structure is not necessarily required to cover the entire circumference. Only a part of is sufficient. In the case of the present embodiment, the cover 40d can be attached and detached with one touch, which is suitable when frequent manual operation of the switching valve 29 is required.

FIG. 8D shows an example in which the cover that covers the switching valve 29 is a screwed structure 45. 8C is the same as the example of FIG. 8C except that the fitting portion is changed to a screw. The screw formed at the end of the cap-shaped cover 40f is engaged with the screw formed at the upper end of the cover 40e fixed to the bracket 21b. Also in this case, the height of the cap-shaped cover 40f is determined in consideration of operability. In this example, since the screw structure is adopted, airtightness can be secured.

  In any of the above cases, the switching valve is mounted on a bracket attached between two reinforcing beams, and the switching valve cover is airtightly attached to the bracket. This prevents heat from entering from the machine room side to the utility room side. Further, the switching valve cover is screwed to the bracket, and the switching valve can be easily accessed only by tightening and releasing the screw, or the switching valve cover is divided and can be easily detached and attached. Thereby, it becomes possible to cope with manual switching of the switching valve.

  In any of the above examples, a box-shaped heat shield cover is used. However, the shape of the heat shield cover is not limited to a box shape, and may be a cylindrical shape. Further, if a heat insulating material is provided on the inner surface side of the heat shield cover, the heat shield effect is further increased. Furthermore, the height of the upper surface of the heat shield cover is desirably a height that can be visually recognized from above while the operator is standing on the ground, and is desirably such a height or the height of the bottom plate can be adjusted.

  In each of the above embodiments, the utility chamber and the radiator chamber are not partitioned. However, even if the utility chamber and the radiator chamber are partitioned, there is a possibility that high-temperature air may flow into the radiator chamber or the air cleaner by providing a switching valve in the utility chamber. In some cases, the present invention is effective.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Construction machine (hydraulic excavator), 2 ... Lower traveling body, 3 ... Upper turning body, 3A ... Turning motor, 4 ... Front, 5 ... Turning frame, 6 ... Cab, 6A ... Cab part, 8 ... Counter weight, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 9 ... Engine, 11 ... Building cover, 12 ... Heat exchanger, 13 ... Air cleaner, 14 ... Partition wall, 15 ... Utility room (part), 15A ... Utility room part, 17 ... Machine room cover, 18 ... Frame, 19 ... Hydraulic pump unit, 20 ... floor plate, 21a ... floor member, 21b ... bracket, 21b ₁ ... vertical part, 21b ₂ ... horizontal part, 21c ... switching valve mounting member, 22 ... lower flange, 23 ... upper flange, 24a, 24b ... side frame, 25 ... center frames, 26a ... reinforcing beam, 26b ... reinforcing beam (first reinforcing beam), 26b 1 _... upper horizontal portion, 26b 2 _... vertical portion 26b 3 _... lower horizontal portion, 26c ... reinforcing beam (second reinforcing beam), 27 ... switching valve mount, 28 ... wiring and piping housing member (second bracket), 28a ... vertical mounting portion, 28b ... horizontal section, 28c ... Vertical part, 28d ... Horizontal mounting part, 29 ... Switching valve, 30 ... Hydraulic control valve, 32 ... Partition plate, 33 ... Hole for wire harness, 34 ... Hole for hydraulic hose, 35a ... Clamp, 35b ... Fastener ( Bolts and nuts), 36a ... clamps, 36b ... fasteners (bolts / nuts), 40, 40a to 40f ... switching valve covers, 41 ... wiring / piping, 41a ... wire harnesses, 41b ... hydraulic hoses, 42 ... hinges, 43 ... Set screw, 44 ... Fitting structure, 45 ... Screw-in structure, 50a ... Floor member fixture (bolt / nut), 50b ... Bracket fixture (bolt / nut), 51a, 51b ... Wiring / distribution Storage member fixtures (bolts and nuts), 52a, 52b ... Switching valve fixing member fixtures (bolts and nuts), 53 ... Switching valve fixtures (bolts and nuts), 54 ... Case fixtures (bolts and nuts), 55 Switch valve fixtures (bolts and nuts) 56 Bracket fixtures (bolts and nuts) 96 Operation levers 97 Pilot valve units 98 Operation levers 99 Pilot valve units

Claims (5)

An upper swing body on which an engine is mounted with a cab on which an operator rides at the front and a counterweight at the rear, a front mounted on the upper swing body, and a lower traveling body positioned below the upper swing body An operation lever provided in the cab for instructing each operation of the front and upper revolving bodies, a pilot valve provided at a base portion of the operation lever and operated by operation of the operation lever, and the pilot valve And a hydraulic control valve that is connected to a pipe and controls the operation of the front, and is provided between the pilot valve and the hydraulic control valve for switching command contents of each operation of the front and the upper swing body by the operation lever. A switching valve,
A revolving frame that forms the basis of the upper revolving structure includes a pair of left and right side frames, a pair of center frames disposed between the side frames and substantially parallel to the side frame, and the side frames. And a plurality of reinforcing beams connecting between the center frames,
Said plurality of reinforcing beams, the first reinforcing beam is a partition wall is mounted for partitioning the placed utility room to the back side of the cab, which is disposed in the first said counter-weight-side reinforcing beam and adjoin the A second reinforcing beam ;
Wherein the first reinforcing beam and between the second reinforcing beam, place the bracket, placing the pre-Symbol switching valve to the bracket, fitted with a switching valve cover for covering the switching valve to the bracket Construction machinery characterized by that.   A second bracket is disposed between the first reinforcing beam and the second reinforcing beam on the center frame side of the bracket, and at least a wire harness or a hydraulic hose connected to the switching valve is connected to the bracket. The construction machine according to claim 1, wherein a clamp for holding either one is attached.   The one end side of the bracket is fixed to the first reinforcing beam, and the other end side of the bracket extends to the counterweight side with respect to the second reinforcing beam. Or the construction machine of 2.   The construction machine according to claim 3, wherein an attachment portion of the switching valve cover to the bracket is attached to an extension portion of the bracket toward the counterweight side.   The cover of the switching valve is either a box-shaped cover or a split-type cover, one of which is attached to the bracket and the other of which is a lid shape that engages with a portion attached to the bracket. The construction machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the construction machine is.

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