JP4250855B2 - Construction machinery pump room - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a structure of a pump chamber constituting a part of a building of a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As an example of a construction machine, for example, a hydraulic excavator is configured as shown in FIG. In the figure, 1 is a lower traveling body having a crawler belt, and 2 is an upper turning body. The upper turning body 2 is connected to the lower traveling body 1 via a turning device 3, and the upper turning body 2 turns relative to the lower traveling body 1 when the turning device 3 is operated. The upper swing body 2 is provided with a driver's cab 4 for an operator to board and operate, and a work machine 5 for performing work such as excavation of earth and sand. The work machine 5 includes a boom 6 that is connected to the frame of the upper swing body 2 so as to be able to move up and down, an arm 7 that is connected to the tip of the boom 6 so as to be able to rotate in the vertical direction, and is rotatable to the tip of the arm 7 It is composed of connected buckets 8.
[0003]
The hydraulic excavator having the above-described configuration is configured such that most of the mechanical units are driven by hydraulic pressure. That is, the traveling of the lower traveling body 1 is driven by a hydraulic motor, and the turning of the upper revolving body 2 is also driven by the hydraulic motor. The working machine 5 including the boom 6, the arm 7 and the bucket 8 is driven by a hydraulic cylinder. As described above, the hydraulic excavator is equipped with a hydraulic pump in order to operate a hydraulic actuator including a hydraulic motor and a hydraulic cylinder provided in each mechanism unit, and an engine is mounted to drive the hydraulic pump. ing. A control valve unit is provided in order to perform control for supplying the hydraulic oil supplied from the hydraulic pump to each hydraulic actuator described above, and this control valve unit is configured between the hydraulic pump and each hydraulic actuator. A predetermined number of control valves are connected. These control valves are generally of a hydraulic pilot type.
[0004]
Hydraulic pumps, control valves, hydraulic actuators, etc. have sliding parts, and when they are operated, solid foreign matters such as wear powder and sealing material fragments are generated at each sliding part. It will flow while mixed in the hydraulic oil. When this kind of solid foreign matter circulates in the circuit, the above-mentioned sliding parts and the like are damaged. For this purpose, these solid foreign matters are separated and removed from the hydraulic oil by passing the filter through a filter before the return oil from the hydraulic actuator is returned to the hydraulic oil tank. Since the flow rate of return oil from the hydraulic actuator is large, the filter for removing solid foreign substances is large and is generally built in the hydraulic oil tank.
[0005]
It is necessary to supply pilot pressure to the hydraulic pilot chamber in the control valve. For this purpose, in addition to the hydraulic pump for directly driving the hydraulic actuator, a pilot pump comprising a small capacity, usually a fixed capacity type hydraulic pump is provided. The oil discharged from the pilot pump is supplied to the hydraulic pilot chamber of the control valve via a pilot valve that is switched by operating means such as an operating lever. The hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pilot chamber of the control valve returns to the hydraulic oil tank.
[0006]
Here, a hydraulic circuit that supplies pressure oil from the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic actuator via the control valve and returns the return oil from the hydraulic actuator to the hydraulic oil tank, and a hydraulic pilot chamber of the pilot pump, pilot valve, and control valve Are configured as independent circuits. However, the hydraulic oil tank is shared by both circuits. Therefore, in the following description, when these are distinguished, the former is called a main circuit and the latter is called a pilot circuit.
[0007]
Even in the pilot circuit, naturally there is a sliding part, so there is a possibility that solid foreign matter will be mixed in the hydraulic oil flowing in the circuit. For this reason, an oil filter is also attached to the return oil from the hydraulic pilot chamber, Solid foreign matter should be removed from the return oil. However, the oil filter for the pilot circuit is configured to be extremely small compared to the oil filter for the main circuit.
[0008]
The hydraulic excavator is provided with an engine, and engine oil is circulated in order to lubricate the engine. For this purpose, the engine is provided with an oil pan, and engine oil is supplied from the oil pan to the sliding parts of the engine. Engine oil is used to make the engine run smoothly. When the engine is driven, solid foreign matter such as abrasion powder or broken pieces of the seal member is generated by sliding. This solid foreign matter is mixed into the engine oil. It will be. Therefore, an oil filter is also provided in the engine oil circulation path so as to always separate and remove solid foreign matters from the engine oil.
[0009]
Further, a fuel tank is installed on the upper rotating body in order to supply fuel to the engine, and a fuel filter is provided in a conduit for supplying fuel from the fuel tank to the engine. In addition, the fuel may contain moisture, and such moisture must be removed before being supplied to the engine. For this purpose, a so-called water segmenter having an oil / water separation function for separating and removing water from the fuel is required, and is usually configured as a fuel filter having this water segmentation function, that is, a water filter integrated fuel filter. There are many cases.
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Filters such as main circuit oil filters, pilot circuit oil filters, engine oil filters, and water-segimentor integrated fuel filters installed in these hydraulic excavators, etc., are installed in the vicinity of the associated equipment. Are not concentrated in one place. By the way, these oil filters need to be periodically replaced, and other parts must be repaired or replaced as necessary. Further, in the water filter integrated with a fuel filter, it is necessary to drain the water from which oil and water are separated and the water accumulated in the filter is discharged. That is, these filters must be maintained regularly and from time to time.
[0011]
When performing maintenance work on each of these filters, it is preferable from the viewpoint of work efficiency and the like that it is possible to work at the same position as much as possible, but conventionally, each of these filters is arranged at discrete positions. Therefore, there is a drawback that it is very inconvenient in performing maintenance work such as inspecting, repairing or exchanging filters or performing draining work at the same time.
[0012]
The present invention has been made in view of the above points. The object of the present invention is to perform maintenance work including filter replacement by intensively arranging a plurality of filters provided in a construction machine in one place. Is to perform smoothly and efficiently.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-described object, the present invention provides a building and a counterweight on an upper swing body connected to a lower traveling body, and at least an engine in the building and a hydraulic pressure directly connected to the engine. A construction machine equipped with a pump, wherein the engine connected to the hydraulic pump is installed at a position close to the counterweight in the building, the engine being installed in the engine compartment, and the hydraulic pump being installed in the engine compartment Each of the pump chambers is provided with a side opening / closing cover provided at a side portion, a side wall provided on a side facing the counterweight at a rear position, the side wall and the hydraulic pump. sandwiched therebetween wherein a other side wall farther than the counterweight, exchange of the filter to one of said side walls and said other side wall in the interior of the pump chamber Engine oil filter requiring work, oil filter pilot circuit is mounted, is intended to its characterized in that a structure for mounting a filter group comprising a water flattering Mentha integrated fuel filter requiring a drainage work on the other .
[0014]
Here, as a filter provided in the pump chamber, there are an engine oil filter, an oil filter for a pilot circuit, a water synthesizer or a water synthesizer integrated fuel filter. Each of these filters can be attached to either a wall or a column provided in the pump chamber. These filters may all be arranged on one side of the pump chamber, but when viewed from the side opening / closing cover side, the engine oil filter and the pilot circuit oil filter are placed on one side of the hydraulic pump. It is advantageous for the maintenance work that the space can be effectively used by arranging the fuel filter separately on both sides, such as mounting and mounting the fuel filter on the other side. Further, it is desirable to provide an engine oil filter on the front side of the side opening / closing cover and a pilot circuit oil filter on the back side.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. First, FIG. 1 shows a frame structure of an upper swing body in a hydraulic excavator as a construction machine. In the figure, reference numeral 10 denotes a frame of the upper-part turning body. The frame 10 includes a plurality of beams 10a provided in parallel in the traveling direction of the vehicle, and a plurality of beams 10a provided so as to span between the beams 10a. The beam member 10b. The two beams 10a and 10a located in the center are each provided with a bracket 11, and a pair of brackets 11 and 11 are connected to a boom constituting the work machine.
[0016]
Reference numeral 12 denotes a cab, and a building 13 provided with various devices is formed at a position on the rear side of the bracket 11 to which the cab 12 and the work machine are connected. Further, a counterweight 14 is installed at the rear position of the building 13. Here, the building 13 is surrounded by a side cover in three directions except for the side facing the counterweight 14, and a roof is provided on the upper side of the side cover. And at least one part among these side part covers and roofs can be opened and closed. The beam 10a and the beam member 10b constituting the frame 10 are structural members of the frame 10, and an under cover is provided in the space between the beam 10a and the beam member 10b. Thus, the building 13 constitutes a substantially closed space. Furthermore, a partition wall or the like is provided inside the building 13 as necessary.
[0017]
Various devices and devices are provided in the building 13. Among these, the engine and the hydraulic pump are arranged at the rear side, that is, at a position close to the counterweight 14. Accordingly, in the building 13, 15 is an engine room, 16 is a pump room, an engine is installed in the engine room 15, and a hydraulic pump is installed in the pump room 16. The hydraulic pump is directly connected to the engine.
[0018]
The internal configuration of the pump chamber 16 is shown in FIGS. A hydraulic pump unit 17 is installed inside the pump chamber 16. Here, a side opening / closing cover 18 constituting a part of the building 13 is provided at a side portion of the pump chamber 16, and an upper portion thereof is covered with a roof 19, and an under cover 20 is provided at a lower position. It has been. Furthermore, a side wall 21 is provided at a position on the front side of the counterweight 14 at the rear position. The side wall 21 is made of a bent metal plate such as a steel plate standing on the beam member 10 b in the frame 10. The side wall 21 is connected to the side opening / closing cover 18, and serves as a support member for the roof 19. Function.
[0019]
A bracket 22 is fixed to the inner side surface of the pump chamber 16 on the side wall 21 by means such as welding or screwing. The bracket 22 has a U-shaped cross section provided so as to protrude inward from the side wall 21 by a predetermined dimension, and a surface formed between upper and lower rising portions thereof is an attachment surface 22a. A pilot circuit oil filter 23 and an engine oil filter 24 are fixedly supported on the mounting surface 22a. These oil filters 23 and 24 are detachably connected to lower portions of the main body portions 23a and 24a, respectively, with filter cases 23b and 24b fitted with filters inside, and the inflow side piping 23c is connected to the main body portions 23a and 24a. , 24c and the outflow side pipes 23d, 24d are connected. These two oil filters 23 and 24 have their body portions 23a and 24a fixed to the mounting surface 22a of the bracket 22 by means such as bolts, and filter cases 23b and 24b connected to these body portions 23a and 24a. Is extended downward from the main body portions 23a, 24a.
[0020]
Here, of the two oil filters 23 and 24, the engine oil filter 24 is larger in size than the pilot circuit oil filter 23 and is also heavy. When viewed from the side opening / closing cover 18 side, the large engine oil filter 24 is disposed on the near side, and the smaller pilot circuit oil filter 23 is disposed on the far side.
[0021]
On the other hand, the side wall 25 is also provided on the beam member 10b on the side opposite to the side wall 21 on which the pilot circuit oil filter 23 and the engine oil filter 24 are mounted, that is, on the side farther from the counterweight 14. Further, a water filter 27 integrated with a fuel filter 27 is attached to the side wall 25 via a bracket 26. The fuel filter 27 is provided with a filter part 27b connected to the lower part of the main body part 27a, and an inflow side pipe 27c and an outflow side pipe 27d are connected to the main body part 27a. Further, a drain pipe 27e is suspended from the filter portion 27b so that water separated from the fuel can be discharged at the lower portion of the filter portion 27c. This drainage can be performed by operating a cock 27f provided on the drainage pipe 27e. A drain hose 28 is connected to the drain pipe 27e, and the drain hose 28 is inserted through a through hole (not shown) drilled in the under cover 20. Therefore, it is possible to drain water from the fuel filter 27 without removing the under cover 20, and by arranging a container at the lower end of the discharge hose 28, fuel is mixed into the water discharged from the fuel filter 27. Even if it is, it can collect | recover the whole quantity effectively.
[0022]
Accordingly, when viewed from the side opening / closing cover 18 side, the pilot circuit oil filter 23 and the engine oil filter 24 are disposed on one side of the hydraulic pump unit 17 and the fuel filter 27 is disposed on the opposite side. Further, the engine oil filter 24 is on the near side, and the pilot circuit oil filter 23 is on the far side. Here, the side opening / closing cover 18 can be opened in any direction before and after the vehicle, but the drainage operation of the fuel filter 27 is more frequent than the oil filter replacement operation. It is desirable to open the rear side, that is, the counterweight 14 side as the center.
[0023]
By configuring as described above, in the pilot circuit, the pipe for returning the hydraulic oil from the control valve to the hydraulic oil tank is connected to the inflow side and outflow side pipes 23c and 23d of the pilot circuit oil filter 23, thereby allowing the inflow. When the hydraulic oil containing solid foreign matters flowing into the main body 23a from the side pipe 23c passes through the filter case 23b, the hydraulic oil that has been captured and separated from the solid foreign matters is discharged from the outlet pipe 23d. It will be leaked. The engine oil filter 24 is connected to the pipes 24c and 24d on the inflow side and the outflow side to the pipe between the engine and the oil pan, and the solid foreign matter contained in the engine oil returning to the oil pan from the engine is filtered. The engine oil that is separated in the case 24b and does not contain solid foreign matters or the like flows out. Further, a fuel filter 27 is interposed in the middle of a fuel supply pipe for supplying fuel to the engine. The fuel is not supplied directly from the fuel tank to the engine, but the fuel is temporarily stored in the fuel filter 27. Then, oil-water separation is performed during the storage, and moisture contained in the fuel is removed.
[0024]
The control valve is disposed in the vicinity of the hydraulic pump unit 17, and therefore, the pipe connected to the hydraulic pilot chamber of the control valve passes through the pilot circuit oil filter 23 located on the rear side of the hydraulic pump unit 17. Even if it is routed like this, the length of the pipe will not become too long. The engine is disposed in the engine chamber 15 adjacent to the pump chamber 16, and even if the pipe line between the engine and the oil pan attached to the engine passes through the pump chamber 16, the total length of the piping is still so much. There is no such thing as lengthening or complicating routing. Further, the pipe connecting the fuel tank and the engine passes through the fuel filter 27 provided in the pump chamber 16, but the detour path for this is not so long.
[0025]
Inside the building 13, the engine room 15 and the pump room 16 are provided substantially in parallel, and the engine installed in the engine room 15 is compared with the hydraulic pump unit 17 arranged in the pump room 16. Then, the size of the hydraulic pump unit 17 is smaller. Accordingly, extra spaces are formed on the left and right sides of the hydraulic pump unit 17 in the pump chamber 16. Since the above-described filters are arranged in this space, maintenance work including filter replacement and water drainage for these three types of filters can be easily performed.
[0026]
The pilot circuit oil filter 23 and the engine oil filter 24 are periodically replaced with the hydraulic excavator operating time as a guide. In addition to filter replacement, inspection and repair are necessary as needed. Such maintenance work can be performed by opening the side opening / closing cover 18 of the pump chamber 16. Further, when replacing the filter, the filter cases 23b and 24b must be separated from the main body portions 23a and 24a. At this time, oil leaks from the inside. Accordingly, in order to collect the leaked oil, the side opening / closing cover 18 is opened and the under cover 20 is removed.
[0027]
As described above, maintenance work including filter replacement can be performed on the engine oil filter 24 and also on the pilot circuit oil filter 23. Further, maintenance work can be performed on these two oil filters 23 and 24 simultaneously. In order to replace the filter, the filter case is separated from the main body, but the large engine oil filter 24 provided with the heavy filter case 24b is located close to the side opening / closing cover 18, so that the filter case 24b This is convenient for separating from the main body 24a.
[0028]
On the other hand, since the pilot circuit oil filter 23 is disposed at the back of the engine oil filter 24 when viewed from the side opening / closing cover 18, the engine oil filter 24 is in the way of performing filter replacement work. This is not always convenient. However, the filter replacement timing of the pilot circuit oil filter 23 can be set to be approximately twice as long as that of the engine oil filter 24. Then, when replacing the filter of the engine oil filter 24, only the engine oil filter 24 is replaced one time out of two times, and the engine oil filter 24 and the pilot circuit oil filter are performed one other time. 23 and the filter can be exchanged at the same time, and both filter exchange operations can be performed very easily, and the work efficiency is remarkably improved.
[0029]
Further, a water semi-mentor integrated fuel filter 27 is provided at a position opposite to the pilot circuit oil filter 23 and the engine oil filter 24 across the hydraulic pump unit 17. For this fuel filter 27, the frequency of so-called water draining work for discharging the water accumulated in the filter portion 27b is high rather than replacing the filter. Therefore, by opening the side opening / closing cover 18, the fuel filter 27 is inspected, and if a predetermined amount of water is separated and collected, an operation of removing this water is performed. This draining operation is more frequent than the maintenance operation for the oil filters 23 and 24 such as filter replacement, and therefore the draining operation from the fuel filter 27 is usually performed independently. Of course, since the fuel filter 27 is provided in the pump chamber 16 together with the pilot circuit oil filter 23 and the engine oil filter 24, the maintenance of the oil filter 23, 24 is performed when the fuel filter 27 is inspected. Can be done at the same time.
[0030]
By the way, when replacing the filter, the filter cases 23b and 24b of the oil filters 23 and 24 are separated from the main body portions 23a and 24a. At this time, oil leaks from the inside of the main body portions 23a and 24a. The reason why the under cover 20 is removed is to arrange a container for receiving the oil leaked in this way at a lower position of the oil filters 23 and 24. The oil filters 23 and 24 are supported by the side wall 21, and the side wall 21 is erected on the beam member 10 b constituting the frame 10. Therefore, the leaked oil from the main body portions 23a and 24a of the oil filters 23 and 24 may drop on the beam member 10b and contaminate the beam member 10b. However, the oil filters 23 and 24 are not directly fixed to the side wall 21, but are attached to the mounting surface 22 a of the bracket 22 provided on the side wall 21, and are at a position sufficiently separated from the side wall 21. Therefore, the oil filters 23 and 24 can be sufficiently separated from the beam member 10b, and the leaked oil can be reliably collected in the container without adhering to the beam member 10b. As a result, the cleaning work after the filter replacement is facilitated.
[0031]
In addition, when water is discharged from the drain pipe 27e in the water filter 27 integrated with the fuel filter 27, oil is mixed in the discharged water. Accordingly, the drained water is collected in the container in the same manner as the filter replacement of the oil filters 23 and 24 described above. Here, the exhaust hose 28 is connected to the fuel filter 27, and since the exhaust hose 28 passes through the under cover 20, the entire amount of water is discharged out of the pump chamber 16. The inside of 16 is not polluted. Since the side opening / closing cover 18 opens around the counterweight 14 side, the mounting side of the fuel filter 27 opens widely, and the fuel filter 27 is attached to the bracket 26 and is separated from the side wall 25. The draining operation performed by operating the cock 27f of the fuel filter 27 is extremely easy.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, it has an effect that a plurality of filters are intensively arranged in one place, and maintenance work including filter replacement can be performed smoothly and efficiently.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an external view of a frame constituting an upper swing body of a hydraulic excavator.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a pump chamber showing an embodiment of the present invention.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a configuration of filters and a bracket to which these filters are attached.
FIG. 5 is an overall configuration diagram of a hydraulic excavator as an example of a construction machine.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Frame 10a Beam 10b Beam member 13 Building 15 Engine room 16 Pump room 17 Hydraulic pump unit 18 Side opening / closing cover 19 Roof 20 Under cover 21, 25 Side wall 22, 26 Bracket 22a Mounting surface 23 Pilot circuit oil filter 24 Engine oil filter 27 Water-sedimenter-integrated fuel filters 23a, 24a, 27a Main body portions 23b, 24b Filter cases 23c, 24c, 27c Inflow side piping 23d, 24d, 27d Outflow side piping 27b Filter portion 27e Drain pipe

Claims (4)

In a construction machine in which a building and a counterweight are installed on an upper swing body connected to a lower traveling body, and at least an engine and a hydraulic pump directly connected to the engine are mounted in the building,
In the building, the engine connected to the hydraulic pump is installed at a position close to the counterweight, the engine is installed in the engine room, and the hydraulic pump is installed in a pump room partitioned from the engine room,
The pump chamber has a side opening / closing cover provided on the side, a side wall provided on the side facing the counterweight at a rear position, and a side farther from the counterweight across the side wall and the hydraulic pump. An engine oil filter and a pilot circuit oil filter that require filter replacement work are mounted on one of the side wall and the other side wall inside the pump chamber, and water drainage work is required on the other side. A pump chamber of a construction machine, which is configured to be equipped with a filter comprising a water filter integrated with a fuel filter.   In the pump chamber, a bracket is attached to the side wall, the engine oil filter and the pilot circuit oil filter are attached to the bracket, and a bracket is provided on the other side wall, and the water sage is attached to the bracket. 2. The construction machine pump chamber according to claim 1, wherein a mentor is attached.   3. The pump chamber of a construction machine according to claim 2, wherein the engine oil filter is provided on the front side of the side opening / closing cover, and the pilot circuit oil filter is provided on the back side.   The pump chamber of a construction machine according to claim 2, wherein the side opening / closing cover is configured to open rearward with the counterweight side as a center.

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