JP5028438B2 - Construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator, and more particularly to an arrangement structure of filters such as an oil filter and a fuel filter in a building.

  FIG. 4 shows a construction of a conventionally known hydraulic excavator. In the figure, 1 is a lower traveling body having a crawler belt, and 2 is an upper turning body. The upper turning body 2 is connected to the lower traveling body 1 via a turning device 3, and the upper turning body 2 turns relative to the lower traveling body 1 when the turning device 3 is operated. The upper swing body 2 is provided with a driver's cab 4 for an operator to board and operate, and a work machine 5 for performing work such as excavation of earth and sand. The work machine 5 includes a boom 6 that is connected to the frame of the upper swing body 2 so as to be able to move up and down, an arm 7 that is connected to the tip of the boom 6 so as to be able to rotate in the vertical direction, and is rotatable to the tip of the arm 7. It is composed of connected buckets 8.

  Most of the above-described hydraulic excavators are configured to be driven by hydraulic pressure. That is, the traveling of the lower traveling body 1 is driven by a hydraulic motor, and the turning of the upper swinging body 2 is also driven by the hydraulic motor. The working machine 5 including the boom 6, the arm 7 and the bucket 8 is driven by a hydraulic cylinder. As described above, in order to drive a hydraulic actuator including a hydraulic motor and a hydraulic cylinder provided in each mechanism unit, a hydraulic pump is mounted on the hydraulic excavator, and an engine is mounted to drive the hydraulic pump. A control valve unit is provided in order to perform control for supplying the hydraulic oil supplied from the hydraulic pump to each hydraulic actuator described above, and this control valve unit is configured between the hydraulic pump and each hydraulic actuator. Each control valve to be connected is connected. These control valves are generally of a hydraulic pilot type.

  Hydraulic pumps, control valves, hydraulic actuators, etc. have sliding parts, and when they are operated, solid foreign matters such as wear powder and sealing material fragments are generated at each sliding part. It will flow while mixed in the hydraulic oil. When this kind of solid foreign material circulates in the circuit, the above-mentioned sliding parts and the like are damaged. For this reason, these solid foreign substances are separated and removed from the hydraulic oil by passing the filter through the filter before the return oil from the hydraulic actuator is returned to the hydraulic oil tank. Since the flow rate of the return oil from the hydraulic actuator is large, the filter for removing solid foreign matters from the return oil is usually large and is generally built in the hydraulic oil tank.

  The control valve is of a hydraulic pilot type, and therefore it is necessary to supply pilot pressure to the control valve. For this purpose, in addition to the hydraulic pump for directly driving the hydraulic actuator, a pilot pump comprising a small capacity, usually a fixed capacity type hydraulic pump is provided. The oil discharged from the pilot pump is supplied to the hydraulic pilot chamber of the control valve via a pilot valve that is switched by operating means such as an operating lever. The hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pilot chamber of the control valve returns to the hydraulic oil tank.

  Here, a hydraulic circuit that supplies pressure oil from the hydraulic pump to the hydraulic actuator via the control valve and returns the return oil from the hydraulic actuator to the hydraulic oil tank, and a hydraulic pilot chamber of the pilot pump, pilot valve, and control valve Each circuit is independent of the hydraulic circuit including the circuit. However, the hydraulic oil tank is shared by both circuits. Therefore, in the following description, when these are distinguished, the former is called a main circuit and the latter is called a pilot circuit.

  Even in the pilot circuit, naturally there is a sliding part, so there is a possibility that solid foreign matter will be mixed in the hydraulic oil flowing in the circuit. For this reason, an oil filter is also attached to the return oil from the hydraulic pilot chamber. Solid foreign matter should be removed from the return oil. However, the oil filter for the pilot circuit may be extremely small as compared with the oil filter for the main circuit.

  The hydraulic excavator is provided with an engine, and engine oil is circulated in order to lubricate the engine. For this purpose, the engine is provided with an oil pan, and engine oil is supplied from the oil pan to the sliding parts of the engine. Engine oil is used to make the engine run smoothly. When the engine is driven, solid foreign matter such as abrasion powder or broken pieces of the seal member is generated by sliding. This solid foreign matter is mixed into the engine oil. It will be. Therefore, an oil filter is also provided in the engine oil circulation path so as to always separate and remove solid foreign matters from the engine oil.

  By the way, various oil filters mounted on a hydraulic excavator or the like need to be periodically replaced, and must be repaired or replaced as necessary. In other words, it is necessary to perform maintenance on the oil filter regularly and at any time. For this reason, when performing maintenance on one oil filter, it is desirable to check other filters at the same time so that measures such as filter replacement can be taken if necessary. In order to respond to such a request, the applicant of the present application first provided a wall portion on the side facing the counterweight in the pump chamber, and mounted at least a pilot circuit oil filter and an engine oil filter on this wall portion. The technique which performs is proposed (for example, refer patent document 1).

JP 2001-323502 A

  However, since various types of piping other than the pump are arranged in the pump chamber, the space in which the oil filters can be arranged is narrow, and it is difficult to arrange a large number of oil filters. In addition, when trying to pack a large number of oil filters in a narrow space, it is inevitably necessary to disperse and arrange a plurality of oil filters vertically in the pump chamber. When the height is high, not only the workability of maintenance is deteriorated, but also the air is likely to be mixed into the pipe when it is extremely higher than the liquid level of the hydraulic oil stored in the hydraulic oil tank. In particular, with regard to the pilot circuit, if air is mixed in, the operability may be deteriorated and the hydraulic control may be abnormal. Therefore, it is necessary to limit the mounting height to a low position.

  The piping connected to the pilot circuit oil filter is arranged near the control valve or as a return pipe to the hydraulic oil tank, so the pilot circuit oil filter is arranged near the control valve or the hydraulic oil tank. Although it is desirable to do so, the pump room is often located away from these destinations. In this case, the piping path becomes long, and the pressure of the pilot circuit is abnormal due to the pressure loss of the piping. May cause.

  The present invention has been made to solve such problems of the prior art, and its purpose is to facilitate the maintenance work of oil filters and to improve the operability of the hydraulic actuator. It is an object of the present invention to provide a construction machine having an arrangement structure of oil filters that can be maintained.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention firstly installs a building and a counterweight on an upper turning body connected to a lower traveling body, and at least an engine and an engine in the building. Oil filters including a hydraulic pump to be driven, a hydraulic oil tank for supplying hydraulic oil to the hydraulic pump, and at least a pilot circuit oil filter provided in a pipe line connecting the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic oil tank In the construction machine comprising: a partition wall defining a pump chamber in which the hydraulic pump is installed and a tank chamber in which the hydraulic oil tank is installed is provided between the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic oil tank The pilot circuit oil filter is disposed in a location lower than the oil level of the hydraulic oil stored in the hydraulic oil tank in the tank chamber. To, and the other of the oil filter such a configuration that disposed in the pump chamber.

  According to this configuration, since the pilot circuit oil filter is stored in the tank chamber, the number of oil filters to be stored in the pump chamber can be reduced, and the storage of the oil filters in the pump chamber can be facilitated. . Further, when a partition wall that defines the pump chamber and the tank chamber is provided, oil filters can be attached to the partition wall, so that it is easier to store other oil filters other than the pilot circuit oil filter. be able to. In addition, since the pilot circuit oil filter is housed in the tank chamber, the mounting position of the pilot circuit oil filter is not obstructed by other oil filters, and the oil level of the hydraulic oil stored in the hydraulic oil tank Can be placed in a lower place. Further, since the tank chamber is usually provided in the vicinity of the setting portion of the control valve unit, pressure loss in the pilot pipe does not become a problem.

  Secondly, in the first construction machine according to the present invention, a pump chamber cover and a tank chamber cover that can be opened and closed from the outside are provided on the side of the building, and the tank chamber cover is closed by the pump chamber cover, The pump chamber cover can be opened when the pump chamber cover is opened.

  According to this configuration, the pump chamber cover and the tank chamber cover can be opened and closed simultaneously, so that the maintenance of the pilot circuit oil filter and other oil filters can be easily performed.

  Thirdly, according to the present invention, in the first construction machine, the hydraulic oil tank is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the oil filter for the pilot circuit is viewed from the side of the building, and the operation in the tank chamber is performed. It was configured to be placed on the near side of the oil tank.

  When the hydraulic oil tank is formed in a cylindrical shape, a wide space can be formed at the four corners when the floor surface is arranged in a rectangular tank chamber, so the pilot circuit oil filter can be easily attached. it can. In addition, when the pilot circuit oil filter is disposed on the front side of the hydraulic oil tank in the tank chamber when viewed from the side of the building, the pilot circuit oil filter can be disposed at a position closer to the side of the building. It can be done easily.

  The construction machine of the present invention is provided with a partition wall that defines the pump chamber and the tank chamber, and the pilot circuit oil filter is stored in the tank chamber, so that the number of other oil filters stored in the pump chamber is reduced. In addition, the storage of other oil filters in the pump chamber can be facilitated, and the maintenance of these other oil filters can be facilitated. Also, since the pilot circuit oil filter is housed in the tank chamber, the pilot circuit oil filter can be placed at a location lower than the oil level of the hydraulic oil stored in the hydraulic oil tank, and air bubbles into the pilot circuit Can be prevented, and the operability of the hydraulic actuator can be maintained in a good state.

It is a figure which shows the frame structure of the upper turning body in the hydraulic shovel which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure which shows the building structure of the upper turning body in the hydraulic shovel which concerns on embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the pump chamber and tank chamber with which the upper revolving body of the hydraulic shovel which concerns on embodiment is equipped. It is a figure which shows the structure of the hydraulic shovel known conventionally.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a construction machine according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, taking a hydraulic excavator as an example.

  In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a frame of the upper turning body. The frame 10 spans between a plurality of beams 10a provided in parallel toward the traveling direction of the vehicle and the beams 10a. It comprises a plurality of beam members 10b provided. The two beams 10a and 10a located in the center are each provided with a bracket 11, and a pair of brackets 11 and 11 are connected to a boom constituting the work machine.

  Reference numeral 12 denotes a cab, and a building 13 provided with various devices and the like is formed at a position on the rear side of the bracket 11 to which the cab 12 and the work machine are connected. A counterweight 14 is installed at the rear position of the building 13. Here, the building 13 is surrounded by a side cover in three directions excluding the side facing the counterweight 14, and a roof cover is provided on the upper side of the side cover. At least a part of the side cover and the roof cover can be opened and closed. The beam 10a and the beam member 10b constituting the frame 10 are structural members of the frame 10, and an under cover (not shown) is provided in a space between the beam 10a and the beam member 10b. Thus, the building 13 constitutes a substantially closed space. Furthermore, a partition wall or the like is provided inside the building 13 as necessary.

  Various devices or apparatuses are provided in the building 13, and among these, the engine and the hydraulic pump are arranged on the rear side, that is, at a position close to the counterweight 14. In the building 13, 15 is an engine room, 16 is a pump room, an engine 17 is installed in the engine room 15, and a hydraulic pump 18 directly connected to the engine 17 is installed in the pump room 16 (see FIG. 2). ). As shown in FIG. 2, a control valve unit 19 is installed between the brackets 11 and 11.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a tank chamber 21 for storing the hydraulic oil tank 20 is provided on the front side of the pump chamber 16 in the traveling direction of the vehicle, and tools and the like are further stored on the front side thereof. A utility room 22 is provided. Further, between the counterweight 14 and the pump chamber 16, between the pump chamber 16 and the tank chamber 21, and between the tank chamber 21 and the utility chamber 22, the pump chamber 16, the tank chamber 21, and the utility chamber 22, respectively. Partition walls 23, 24, and 25 are provided.

  The hydraulic oil tank 20 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and is disposed on the back side of the tank chamber 21 when viewed from the side of the building 13. A pilot circuit oil filter 26 is attached to the front side of the hydraulic oil tank 20 as viewed from the side of the building 13. Thus, by forming the hydraulic oil tank 20 in a cylindrical shape, a relatively large space can be formed on the front side of the tank chamber 21, so that the pilot circuit oil filter 26 can be easily attached. At the same time, the workability during the maintenance can be improved. The mounting position of the pilot circuit oil filter 26 is set to be equal to or lower than the oil level of the hydraulic oil stored in the hydraulic oil tank 20. Thus, air can be prevented from entering the pilot circuit, and the operability of the hydraulic actuator can be maintained in a good state. As is clear from FIG. 2, the tank chamber 21 is provided in the vicinity of the setting portion of the control valve unit 19, so that pressure loss in the pilot pipe does not become a problem. Therefore, the good operability of the hydraulic actuator can be maintained from this.

  On the other hand, the pump chamber 16 houses other oil filters 27a, 27b, 27c such as an engine oil filter. Although not shown, the fuel filter is also set in the pump chamber 16. Each oil filter 27 a, 27 b, 274 c can be set using partition walls 23, 24 formed on the left and right sides of the pump chamber 16. Thus, if the partition walls 23, 24 are provided on the left and right sides of the pump chamber 16, the setting space for the oil filters 27a, 27b, 274c can be increased, so that the storage of the plurality of oil filters can be facilitated and the maintenance thereof can be performed. Workability at the time can be improved.

  A pump chamber cover 28 is provided on the front surface of the pump chamber 16, and a tank chamber cover 29 is provided on the front surface of the tank chamber 21. The pump chamber cover 28 is attached to the partition wall 23 via a hinge 30 so as to be opened and closed, and the tank chamber cover 29 is attached to the partition wall 23 via a hinge 31 so as to be opened and closed. A pair of hooks 32 and engagement fittings 33 for closing the pump chamber cover 28 are attached to the inner surface of the pump chamber cover 28 and the corresponding positions of the partition wall 24. By engaging 33, the pump chamber cover 28 can be held in the closed state. If the engagement between the hook 32 and the engagement fitting 33 is released from this state, the pump chamber cover 28 can be opened. On the other hand, the width of the tank chamber cover 29 is set so that the pump chamber cover 28 and the tip end portion overlap each other when the tank chamber cover 29 is closed, and the tank chamber cover 29 is closed when the tank chamber cover 29 is closed. Retained. Further, by opening the pump chamber cover 28 from this state, the pump chamber cover 28 can be opened.

  Thus, if the pump chamber cover 28 and the tank chamber cover 29 can be opened and closed at the same time, both the covers 28 and 29 can be opened and closed simultaneously by a single opening and closing operation. Therefore, the pilot circuit oil filter 26 and other oil filters can be opened and closed. Maintenance of 27a, 27b, and 27c can be easily performed.

  The present invention can be used for construction machines such as hydraulic excavators.

13 Building 14 Counterweight 15 Engine room 16 Pump room 17 Engine room 18 Hydraulic pump 19 Control valve unit 20 Hydraulic oil tank 21 Tank room 22 Utility room 23, 24, 25 Bulkhead 26 Pilot circuit oil filter 27a, 27b, 27c Other Oil filter 28 Pump chamber cover 29 Tank chamber cover 30, 31 Hinge 32 Hook 33 Engagement fitting

Claims (3)

A building and a counterweight are installed on the upper swing body connected to the lower traveling body, and at least an engine, a hydraulic pump driven by the engine, and an operation for supplying hydraulic oil to the hydraulic pump are installed in the building. In a construction machine comprising an oil tank, and oil filters including at least a pilot circuit oil filter provided in a pipe line connecting the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic oil tank,
A partition that defines a pump chamber in which the hydraulic pump is installed and a tank chamber in which the hydraulic oil tank is installed is provided between the hydraulic pump and the hydraulic oil tank. A construction machine characterized in that it is disposed in a location lower than the oil level of the hydraulic oil stored in the hydraulic oil tank in the tank chamber, and other oil filters are disposed in the pump chamber.   A pump chamber cover and a tank chamber cover that can be opened and closed from the outside are provided on the side of the building, and the tank chamber cover is closed by the pump chamber cover and can be opened when the pump chamber cover is opened. The construction machine according to claim 1.   The hydraulic oil tank is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the pilot circuit oil filter is disposed in front of the hydraulic oil tank in the tank chamber when viewed from the side of the building. Item 1. The construction machine according to Item 1.

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