JP5917956B2 - Condition monitoring system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a state monitoring system, and more particularly, to a state monitoring system that monitors the state of a main shaft, a speed increaser, a nacelle, and the like of a wind turbine generator.

  In a wind power generator, power is generated by rotating a main shaft connected to a blade that receives wind power, rotating the main shaft with a speed increaser, and then rotating a rotor of the power generator. The following techniques are known as an abnormality diagnosis device for diagnosing abnormalities in the main shaft, speed increaser, generator, and the like.

  Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2009-243428 (Patent Document 1) discloses a wind turbine monitoring device. This windmill monitoring device is a windmill monitoring device that monitors the state of a windmill using characteristic values created based on measurement data measured by a plurality of sensors provided in the windmill, and is used for measuring time. When a plurality of associated characteristic values are stored for each characteristic item, and the characteristic values associated with the same measurement time are made into one data set, this data set contains the characteristic values of a predetermined characteristic item The first storage means storing the identification information indicating the class classification determined according to the storage, and a plurality of characteristic values associated with the measurement time are stored for each characteristic item, and at the same measurement time When the associated characteristic value is a single data set, this data set includes identification information indicating a class classification determined according to the characteristic value of a predetermined characteristic item. And a plurality of data used for diagnosis from the second storage means belonging to a predetermined reference range in which the characteristic values of specific characteristic items constituting the data set are defined in advance. Diagnostic setting means for extracting and setting a set and extracting and setting a plurality of data sets used for diagnosis from the second storage means, and a data set and a reference data file of a diagnosis data file set by the diagnosis setting means Based on the data set, the statistical value calculation method is used to calculate a state index value representing the state of the windmill, and the state of the windmill based on the state index value calculated by the index value calculation means And an evaluation means for evaluating the evaluation result and a notification means for notifying the result of the evaluation by the evaluation means.

  According to this monitoring device, it is possible to automatically monitor the state of the windmill and quantitatively evaluate the state according to an appropriate standard (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2009-243428 A

  However, in the monitoring device disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2009-243428), since all diagnosis is automatically performed without involvement of an expert, there is a possibility that the diagnosis is erroneous. In particular, in the state monitoring of a wind turbine generator that requires advanced diagnosis, since the accuracy of diagnosis is required, it is necessary for an expert to make a diagnosis.

  On the other hand, it is not practical for an expert to analyze the data sent from the monitoring device at all times, leading to high costs.

  Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a state monitoring system capable of appropriately diagnosing abnormality of equipment provided in the wind turbine generator.

A state monitoring system according to the present invention is a state monitoring system for diagnosing an abnormality of a device provided in a wind turbine generator, and includes measurement data indicating a device state and operating condition data indicating a driving condition of the wind turbine generator. A plurality of sensors for measuring, a monitor device for calculating a diagnostic parameter from the measurement data, and a storage unit for storing information; and setting a first threshold value for diagnosing an abnormality of the device; A monitoring-side control device that diagnoses an abnormality of a device based on a threshold value, and a monitoring terminal device that includes a display unit that displays information and monitors the state of the device. The monitoring-side control device is coupled to each of the monitoring device and the monitoring terminal device by a communication line. A first period for collecting basic data, a second period for setting a first threshold value, and a third period for diagnosing device abnormality are sequentially set by the monitoring terminal device. In the first period, the measurement data measured and calculated by the monitor device, the operating condition data, and the diagnostic parameters are stored in the storage unit and displayed on the display unit, and the diagnostic operating condition is set using the monitoring terminal device. The In the second period, the diagnostic parameters calculated from the measurement data measured when the operating conditions of the wind turbine generator satisfy the diagnostic operating conditions are stored in the storage unit, and the monitoring control apparatus stores the diagnostics stored in the storage unit A first threshold value is generated based on the parameter. In the third period, the diagnostic parameter calculated from the measurement data measured when the operating condition of the wind turbine generator satisfies the diagnostic operation condition is stored in the storage unit, and the monitoring control apparatus stores the diagnosis stored in the storage unit The parameter is compared with the first threshold value, and if the diagnostic parameter exceeds the first threshold value, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the device, and the determination result is stored in the storage unit and displayed on the display unit. Is displayed.

Preferably, the measurement data is measured for each operating condition of the wind power generator, and the first threshold value is determined for each operating condition, and the operating condition includes the wind speed, the rotational speed of the main shaft, the rotational speed of the generator shaft, It is defined by at least one of a power generation amount and a physical quantity indicating the torque of the generator shaft.

Preferably, the measurement data includes data related to any one of vibration of the device, acoustic emission generated from the device, temperature of the device, and operation sound of the device.

Preferably, diagnostic parameters include effective value, peak value, average value, crest factor, the effective value after envelope processing, one of the peak value after envelope processing.

Preferably, the monitor device includes a transmission unit connectable to the Internet, the transmission unit transmits measurement data, operating condition data, and diagnostic parameters , and the monitoring side control device uses a statistical technique from the diagnostic parameters. A first threshold is generated.

Preferably, the first threshold value used for diagnosis by the monitoring-side control device can be revised from the monitoring terminal device.
Preferably, the monitoring side control device further sets a second threshold value higher than the first threshold value, and diagnoses an abnormality of the device based on the first and second threshold values. In the second period, the monitoring control device generates the first and second threshold values based on the diagnostic parameters stored in the storage unit. In the third period, the monitoring-side control device compares the diagnostic parameter stored in the storage unit with each of the first and second threshold values, and the diagnostic parameter exceeds the first threshold value. Is determined that an abnormality of the first level has occurred in the device, and if the diagnostic parameter exceeds the second threshold, an abnormality of the second level higher than the first level has occurred in the device. is determined, their determination result that is displayed on the display unit is stored in the storage unit.

More preferably, the display unit displays measurement data corresponding to the same operating condition over time.
More preferably, the measurement data is measured for each operating condition of the wind turbine generator, the first threshold value is determined for each operating condition, and the display unit displays the frequency spectrum of the latest data among the measured data. And the frequency spectrum of the data that is the same as the data operating condition, stored in the storage unit , and determined to be normal using the first threshold value up to the present, are simultaneously displayed.

More preferably, the measurement data is measured for each operation condition of the wind turbine generator, the first threshold value is determined for each operation condition, and the display unit performs envelope processing of the latest data among the measurement data. The frequency spectrum after and the frequency spectrum after the envelope processing of the data that is the same as the data operating condition and is stored in the monitoring control device and determined to be normal using the first threshold value up to the present indicate.

  More preferably, the display unit simultaneously displays the frequency spectrum after the data envelope processing and the previously calculated inner ring defect frequency, outer ring defect frequency, and rolling element defect frequency.

  More preferably, the display unit displays the frequency spectrum of the data, and the rotation frequency and the gear meshing frequency related to unbalance and misalignment.

  More preferably, the display unit displays the frequency spectrum after the data envelope processing and the meshing frequency of the gear.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to accurately diagnose whether or not the state of equipment provided in the wind turbine generator is abnormal. In addition, it is possible to provide the expert with data on the state of the wind turbine generator easily and in a short time for detailed diagnosis. Furthermore, costs can be reduced without having specialists stationed at all times.

It is the figure which showed roughly the whole structure of the state monitoring system of this Embodiment. It is the figure which showed the structure of the wind power generator 10 roughly. It is a figure for demonstrating the relationship of the various data used for this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the flowchart for demonstrating the process in a basic data collection period. It is a figure which shows the flowchart for demonstrating the process in the learning period of the wind power generator. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the process in an operation period. It is a figure which shows the time-dependent change of the value of the diagnostic parameter displayed on the monitor of the monitoring terminal. It is a figure which shows the frequency spectrum on a certain driving | running condition displayed on the monitor of the monitoring terminal. It is a figure which shows the vibration envelope spectrum of the measurement data displayed on the monitor of the monitoring terminal. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the sensor unit (wireless sensor module) 301 with a wireless transmission function in the wireless transmission side. It is a block diagram which shows an example of a structure of the apparatus for receiving (wireless sensor module) 601 in a radio | wireless receiving side.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same or an equivalent part in a figure, and the description is not repeated.

[Embodiment 1]
<Overall configuration of status monitoring system>
FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing the overall configuration of the state monitoring system of the present embodiment. Referring to FIG. 1, the state monitoring system includes a monitor device 80, a data server (monitoring side control device) 330, and a monitoring terminal 340.

  The monitor device 80 includes sensors 70A to 70H (FIG. 2), which will be described later, and calculates an effective value, a peak value, a crest factor, an effective value after envelope processing, a peak value after envelope processing, and the like from the detected values of the sensor. The data is transmitted to the data server 330 via 320.

  Here, the communication between the monitor device 80 and the data server 330 has been described as being performed by wire, but the present invention is not limited to this, and communication may be performed wirelessly.

  The data server 330 and the monitoring terminal 340 are connected by, for example, an in-house LAN (Local Area Network). The monitoring terminal 340 browses the measurement data received by the data server 330, displays a detailed analysis of the measurement data, changes the setting of the monitor device, and displays the status of each device of the wind turbine generator.

<Configuration of wind power generator>
FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically illustrating the configuration of the wind turbine generator 10. With reference to FIG. 2, the wind turbine generator 10 includes a main shaft 20, a blade 30, a speed increaser 40, a generator 50, and a main bearing 60. The wind power generator 10 includes sensors 70A to 70H and a monitor device 80. The step-up gear 40, the generator 50, the main bearing 60, the sensors 70 </ b> A to 70 </ b> H, and the monitor device 80 are stored in the nacelle 90, and the nacelle 90 is supported by the tower 100.

  The main shaft 20 enters the nacelle 90, is connected to the input shaft of the speed increaser 40, and is rotatably supported by the main bearing 60. The main shaft 20 transmits the rotational torque generated by the blade 30 receiving the wind force to the input shaft of the speed increaser 40. The blade 30 is provided at the tip of the main shaft 20 and converts wind force into rotational torque and transmits it to the main shaft 20.

  The main bearing 60 is fixed in the nacelle 90 and rotatably supports the main shaft 20. The main bearing 60 is composed of a rolling bearing, and is composed of, for example, a self-aligning roller bearing, a tapered roller bearing, a cylindrical roller bearing, or a ball bearing. These bearings may be single row or double row.

  The sensors 70 </ b> A to 70 </ b> H are fixed to each device inside the nacelle 90. Specifically, the sensor 70 </ b> A is fixed on the upper surface of the main bearing 60 and monitors the state of the main bearing 60. The sensors 70 </ b> B to 70 </ b> D are fixed on the upper surface of the speed increaser 40 and monitor the state of the speed increaser 40. The sensors 70E and 70F are fixed on the upper surface of the generator 50, and monitor the state of the generator 50. The sensor 70G is fixed to the main bearing 60 and monitors misalignment and abnormal vibration of the nacelle. The sensor 70H is fixed to the main bearing 60 and monitors unbalance and abnormal vibration of the nacelle.

  The speed increaser 40 is provided between the main shaft 20 and the generator 50, and increases the rotational speed of the main shaft 20 to output to the generator 50. As an example, the speed increaser 40 is configured by a gear speed increasing mechanism including a planetary gear, an intermediate shaft, a high speed shaft, and the like. Although not specifically illustrated, a plurality of bearings that rotatably support a plurality of shafts are also provided in the speed increaser 40. The generator 50 is connected to the output shaft of the speed increaser 40, and generates power by the rotational torque received from the speed increaser 40. The generator 50 is constituted by, for example, an induction generator. A bearing that rotatably supports the rotor is also provided in the generator 50.

  The monitor device 80 is provided inside the nacelle 90 and receives data such as vibration, sound, AE (Acoustic Emission) of each device detected by the sensors 70A to 70H. Although not shown, the sensors 70A to 70H and the monitor device 80 are connected by a wired cable.

  The monitoring terminal 340 stores in advance at least a program for viewing the measurement data stored in the data server 330, displaying a detailed analysis, changing the setting of the monitor device, and displaying the status of each device of the wind turbine generator 10. Yes. The monitoring terminal 340 displays data about each device of the wind power generator 10 that is useful for the expert of the wind power generator 10 to make a judgment.

  In addition, each component which comprises the monitoring terminal 340 is a general thing. Therefore, it can be said that the essential part of the present invention is the above-described software (program) stored in a storage medium.

<Relationship between diagnostic parameters and failure mode>
FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between various data used in the present embodiment. Referring to FIG. 3, an abnormality is determined by comparing an item (measurement item) measured by various sensors, a diagnostic parameter calculated from data of the measurement item, a value of the parameter, and a threshold value. As shown in FIG. 3, the relationship between the abnormal part of the wind power generator 10 and the failure mode of that part is shown.

  Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, for the main bearing 60, an effective value is calculated by the monitor device 80 from data measured by the high-frequency vibration sensor 70 </ b> A fixed to the main bearing 60. If the corresponding threshold value is exceeded, the monitoring terminal 340 displays that the main bearing 60 is damaged.

  Further, for the main bearing 60, a primary rotation frequency component, a secondary rotation frequency component, 3 and 3 are obtained from the measured data by the monitor device 80 by the low frequency vibration sensor 70H attached so as to measure the radial vibration of the main shaft. When the next rotational frequency component is calculated and exceeds the corresponding threshold value, the monitoring terminal 340 displays that the main bearing 60 is unbalanced.

  Further, with respect to the main bearing 60, the primary rotational frequency component, the secondary rotational frequency component, 3 and 3 are measured from the measured data by the monitor device 80 by the low frequency vibration sensor 70G attached so as to measure the axial vibration of the main shaft. When the next frequency component is calculated and the corresponding threshold value is exceeded, the monitoring terminal 340 displays that the main bearing 60 is misaligned.

  Further, for the speed increaser 40, the effective value is calculated by the monitor device 80 from the measured data by the high frequency vibration sensors 70B to 70D, and when the corresponding threshold value is exceeded, the monitoring terminal 340 It is displayed that the gearbox 40 is damaged in the bearing.

  Further, for the speed increaser 40, the first meshing frequency component, the second meshing frequency component, the third meshing frequency component of the gear are calculated by the monitor device 80 from the measured data by the high frequency vibration sensors 70B to 70D. When the threshold value corresponding to each measurement value is exceeded, it is displayed on the monitoring terminal 340 that the gear box 40 is damaged.

  Further, with respect to the generator 50, the effective value is calculated by the monitor device 80 from the measured data by the high frequency vibration sensors 70E and 70F. It is displayed that the generator 50 is damaged in the bearing.

  Further, for the nacelle 90, the low frequency vibration sensor 70H attached so as to measure the radial vibration of the main shaft is used to calculate the low frequency vibration component from the measured data by the monitor device 80, and the corresponding threshold value is set. When it exceeds, it is displayed on the monitoring terminal 340 that the nacelle 90 is abnormally vibrating.

  Further, for the nacelle 90, the low frequency vibration sensor 70G attached so as to measure the axial vibration of the main spindle calculates the low frequency vibration component from the measured data by the monitor device 80, and sets the corresponding threshold value. When it exceeds, it is displayed on the monitoring terminal 340 that the nacelle 90 is abnormally vibrating.

  The above measurement items are partly taken out for easy understanding, and the measurement data of the vibration sensor, the AE sensor, the temperature sensor, and the sound sensor are not limited to this. Is used to calculate the effective value, the peak value, the average value, the crest factor, the effective value after the envelope processing, and the peak value after the envelope processing, and compared with the corresponding threshold value, The status can be grasped, and the status of the device is displayed on the monitoring terminal 340.

<Operation of the status monitoring system>
The operation of the state monitoring system according to the first embodiment will be described below. First, the state monitoring system first performs processing in the basic data collection period for setting the diagnostic operation condition of the wind turbine generator 10 (see FIG. 4), and operation measurement that satisfies the diagnostic operation condition after the basic data collection period has elapsed. Processing during the learning period for generating a threshold value for determining whether or not the data is abnormal (see FIG. 5), and after the learning period, the wind turbine generator 10 is actually operated and generated during the learning period. It is comprised from the process (refer FIG. 6) in the operation period which monitors the state of the wind power generator 10 using a threshold value.

(Processing during the basic data collection period)
The basic data collection period is a period during which basic data necessary for determining the diagnostic operation conditions of the wind turbine generator 10 is collected. Processing in this basic data collection period will be described.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the processing in the basic data collection period. Referring to FIG. 4, when the operation of wind turbine generator 10 is started, in step S <b> 1, when a basic data collection command is transmitted from monitoring terminal 340 to data server 330 by the person in charge, through data server 330, A basic data collection command is transmitted to the monitor device 80 (step S2). When receiving the basic data collection command, the monitor device 80 receives various data such as vibrations of each device of the wind power generator 10 (hereinafter referred to as measurement data) and various data of the rotational speed and generated current (hereinafter referred to as operation condition data). .) Are simultaneously collected (step S3), diagnostic parameters are calculated from measurement data that is various data such as vibration (step S4), and the diagnostic parameters, measurement data, and operating condition data are transmitted to the data server 330 (step S4). S5).

  The data server 330 receives the diagnostic parameters, measurement data, and operating condition data and stores them in the storage unit (step S6). The measurement data and operation condition data measurement (step S3), diagnostic parameter calculation (step S4), transmission to the data server 330 (step S5) and storage in the storage unit in the data server 330 (step S6) are as follows. The monitoring device 80 is continued until step S7 when the monitoring data terminal 340 receives a basic data collection end command (step S7; NO).

  The operating condition data is not limited to the rotational speed and the generated current, but also includes physical quantities that characterize the operating state of the wind power generator 10 such as wind speed and generator shaft torque.

  The measurement data is not limited to vibration, and includes physical quantities indicating the state of the device such as AE, temperature, and sound.

  When the person in charge instructs the end of basic data collection from the monitoring terminal 340 (step S91; YES), a basic data collection end command is transmitted from the monitoring terminal 340 to the data server 330 (step S9). Then, as described above, the monitor device 80 finishes collecting the basic data, and the process ends (step S7; YES). At the same time, the data server 330 transmits all the diagnostic parameters, measurement data, and operating condition data collected during the basic data collection period to the monitoring terminal 340 (step S10). If the person in charge does not instruct the end of basic data collection from the monitoring terminal 340 (step S91; NO), the process ends as it is.

  The monitoring terminal 340 displays the diagnostic parameters, measurement data, and operating condition data (step S11), and the person in charge looks at the diagnostic parameters and the operating condition data to specify the diagnostic operating conditions (step S12). Here, the diagnostic operation condition is an operation condition diagnosed by the state monitoring system. For example, when the rotational speed of the main shaft is 12 rpm to 17 rpm and the generated current is specified as 300 A to 1000 A, various data (operating condition data) of the rotational speed and generated current are measured, If the rotational speed of the main shaft of the power generator 10 is in the range of 12 rpm to 17 rpm and the generated current is in the range of 300 A to 1000 A, in order to satisfy the operating conditions and the diagnostic operating conditions, the diagnostic parameters are obtained from the measured data measured simultaneously. Is calculated and compared with a threshold value corresponding to the diagnosis parameter to make a diagnosis. If the operating conditions do not satisfy the diagnostic operating conditions, the state of each device of the wind turbine generator 10 is not diagnosed. A plurality of diagnostic operation conditions can be specified.

  In the monitoring terminal 340, the designated diagnostic operation condition is transmitted to the data server 330 (step S13), and the data server 330 stores the diagnostic operation condition in the storage unit (step S14). This completes the processing of the monitoring terminal 340 and the data server 330 during the basic data collection period.

(Processing during the learning period)
The learning period is a period for generating a threshold value for determining the state of each device of the wind power generator 10 after the basic data collection period necessary for determining the diagnostic operation condition of the wind power generator 10 described above has elapsed. It is. Processing in this learning period will be described.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a flowchart for explaining processing in the learning period of the wind turbine generator 10. Referring to FIG. 5, when the person in charge instructs learning start at monitoring terminal 340, a learning start command is transmitted from monitoring terminal 340 to data server 330 (step S15), and data server 330 issues a learning start command. In response, the diagnostic operation conditions stored in the storage unit are read out and transmitted to the monitor device 80 (step S16). The monitor device 80 receives the diagnostic operation conditions (step S17), and receives the measurement data and the operation condition data. At the same time (step S18), the monitor device 80 calculates a diagnostic parameter from measurement data that is various data such as vibration (step S19).

  If the current operating condition satisfies the diagnostic operating condition, the diagnostic parameter, measurement data, and operating condition data are transmitted to the data server 330 (step S20). The data server 330 measures the measurement data and the operating condition data (step S18), calculates the diagnostic parameter (step S19), transmits it to the data server 330 (step S20), and stores it in the storage unit in the data server 330 (step S22). ) Is continued until step S21 when the monitoring device 80 receives a learning end command from the monitoring terminal 340 (step S21; NO).

  When the person in charge instructs the end of learning from the monitoring terminal 340 (step S241; YES), a learning end instruction is transmitted from the monitoring terminal 340 to the data server 330 (step S24). The data server 330 transmits a learning end command to the monitor device 80 (step S23), and the monitor device 80 ends the collection of measurement data and operating condition data, and the process ends (step S21; YES). At the same time, the data server 330 automatically generates a threshold value of the diagnostic parameter for each diagnostic operation condition by statistical calculation of the diagnostic parameter stored in the storage unit (step S25). The threshold value is stored in the storage unit of the data server 330 and transmitted to the monitoring terminal 340 (step S26). The monitoring terminal 340 receives the threshold value and displays it on a display unit such as a monitor (step S27), and the person in charge can confirm the threshold value. This completes the processing of the data server 330 and the monitor device 80 during the learning period. Note that if the person in charge does not instruct the end of learning from the monitoring terminal 340 (step S241; NO), the process ends as it is.

  Note that the basic data collection period and the learning period for generating the threshold value can be arbitrarily changed.

  The threshold value is generated for each device of each wind power generator 10 and for each diagnostic operation condition using measurement data when each device of the wind power generator 10 is in a normal state.

  Here, in order to facilitate understanding, as a specific example, a case where a two-stage threshold value is generated for one device of one wind power generator 10 under a certain diagnostic operation condition will be specifically described below. explain.

There are a plurality of diagnostic parameter values stored in the storage unit in step S22, and the average value of the plurality of diagnostic parameters is μ ₀ and the standard deviation is σ ₀ . For example, it is assumed that the first threshold value CT is μ ₀ + 3σ ₀ and the second threshold value WN is three times the first threshold value. The first threshold value CT and the second threshold value WN are respectively expressed by equations (1) and (2).

Threshold CT = μ ₀ + 3σ ₀ (1)
Threshold value WN = 3 (μ ₀ + 3σ ₀ ) (2)
Using the threshold values CT and WN, the data server 330 determines whether or not the state of each device of the wind turbine generator 10 is abnormal using a diagnosis parameter for an operation period described later, and the result is the monitoring terminal 340. Is displayed. For example, when the threshold value CT is exceeded, the monitor terminal 340 displays, for example, “CAUTION” indicating that the corresponding device is in an abnormal state. When the threshold value WN is exceeded, a display such as “warning” is displayed on the monitoring terminal 340 indicating that the state of the corresponding device is more abnormal.

  In this way, by dividing the threshold value into two stages, an expert's judgment is not required for measurement data smaller than the threshold CT, while an expert requires measurement data larger than the threshold WN. When it is easy to classify that it is necessary to carefully judge the state of each device of the wind turbine generator 10 and the measurement data is applied between the threshold value CT and the threshold value WN, for example, wind power generation It is possible to determine whether or not to make an expert diagnose while observing the state of each device of the device 10.

  By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to reduce costs without having a specialist stationed at all times.

  Although the threshold level has been described in two steps, the threshold level is not limited to this, and a plurality of levels may be set.

(Processing during operation period)
The operation period is a period during which actual operation of the wind turbine generator 10 is performed after the learning period has elapsed, and the state of the wind turbine generator 10 is monitored using a threshold value generated during the learning period. Processing during this operation period will be described.

  FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining the processing in the operation period. Referring to FIG. 6, when a command (diagnosis start command) for starting diagnosis of the state of each device of wind turbine generator 10 is transmitted from monitoring terminal 340 by the person in charge to data server 330 (step S30). ), The data server 330 receives this diagnosis start command, and transmits the diagnostic operation condition to the monitor device 80 (step S31).

  The monitor device 80 receives the diagnostic operation condition (step S32), and simultaneously measures measurement data such as vibration data of each device of the wind power generator 10 and operation condition data such as the rotation speed of the main shaft and the generator current ( Step S33).

  The monitor device 80 determines whether or not the current operating condition satisfies the diagnostic operating condition (step S34), and if satisfied (step S34; YES), calculates a diagnostic parameter from the measurement data. (Step S35), diagnostic parameters, measurement data, and operating condition data are transmitted to the data server 330 (Step S36). On the other hand, if not satisfied (step S34; NO), the process returns to step S33 in which the measurement data and the operating condition data are measured again.

  Therefore, the monitor device transmits diagnostic parameters, measurement data, and operating condition data to the data server 330 only when the current operating conditions satisfy the diagnostic operating conditions.

  The data server 330 receives these data (step S37). The data server 330 determines the state of each device of the wind turbine generator 10 based on this diagnostic parameter and the threshold value generated during the learning period. For example, if the diagnosis parameter value exceeds the second threshold value WN, the data server 330 sets the diagnosis result to WN. If the diagnosis parameter value exceeds the first threshold value CT, the data server 330 sets the diagnosis result to CT. (Step S38). The diagnosis result, diagnosis parameter value, measurement data, and operating condition data are stored in the storage unit of the data server 330, and these data are transmitted to the monitoring terminal 340 (step S39).

  The monitoring terminal 340 receives the diagnosis result, the diagnosis parameter value, the measurement data, and the operating condition data (Step S40), and displays the diagnosis result. If the diagnosis result is WN, “warning” is displayed, if it is CT, “caution” is displayed, otherwise “good” is displayed (step S41).

  In addition, when the diagnosis result is WN or CT, it is possible to reliably notify the person in charge of an abnormal state by transmitting an E-mail.

  When the operation method of the wind power generator 10 is changed, it is necessary to change the diagnostic operation condition and the threshold value. Even in such a case, if the procedure from step S1 in FIG. 4 is taken, the diagnostic operation condition can be changed and a threshold value can be newly set. Note that the threshold can be changed by the person in charge from the monitoring terminal 340.

  In step S40 of FIG. 6, since the monitoring terminal 340 receives the diagnostic parameter value and the measurement data together with the diagnosis result, the monitoring terminal 340 can perform the latest and optimal measurement that can be evaluated and analyzed by an expert. Data and the like can be easily provided, and an environment in which the measurement data and related data can be simultaneously displayed on a monitor (not shown) can be provided.

  Therefore, the expert can easily determine whether or not a detailed diagnosis is necessary based on the image from the monitor.

(Measurement results displayed on the monitor of the monitoring terminal)
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the change over time in the value of the diagnostic parameter displayed on the monitor of the monitoring terminal 340. Referring to FIG. 7, the vertical axis indicates the effective value, and the horizontal axis indicates the date of the past 60 days. A waveform W1 shows a change over time of an example of a diagnostic parameter, and solid lines L1 and L2 indicate that the state of the device is the first state (the above-described “caution” state) and the second state (the above-described “ The threshold value is “warning” state) and is displayed together with the waveform W1.

  For example, by displaying the value of the diagnostic parameter over time on the display unit (not shown) of the monitoring terminal 340, the expert increases the effective value from around September 20th. 30 days ago, it can be understood that the effective value of the corresponding device exceeds the “caution” state, and it can be determined that further detailed diagnosis is required for this device.

  Even if these thresholds are not exceeded, the forecasts are foreseeing that the value of the latest diagnostic parameter is on the rise, or is on the rise, but there is room for the threshold. Is possible.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a frequency spectrum under certain operating conditions displayed on the monitor of the monitoring terminal 340.

  A waveform W2 in FIG. 8 shows the latest measurement data, while a waveform W3 shows a normal data frequency spectrum at an arbitrary date and time (past). The operating conditions when the waveforms W2, W3 are measured are the same. In order to accurately grasp the status of the device indicated by the waveform W2, the monitoring terminal 340 displays the waveform W3 simultaneously as a comparison together with the waveform W2. By comparing the waveform W2 and the waveform W3, an expert can easily grasp whether the monitored device is close to a normal state or an abnormal state, and evaluate the measurement data in a short time. Is possible.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the vibration envelope spectrum of the measurement data displayed on the monitor of the monitoring terminal 340. Referring to FIG. 9, frequency regions A1 to A5 (shaded portions) indicate regions in which a defect frequency from 1st to 5th (outer ring defect frequency) includes an allowable range of 5%, and simultaneously with waveform W4. It is displayed.

  The reason for providing such an allowable range is that the measured frequency spectrum and the measured frequency spectrum are calculated in advance when the rotational speed is different from the measurement time or when the rotational speed changes at the beginning and end of the vibration measurement. This is because it is possible to detect abnormality of the state of each device of the wind turbine generator 10 even when the defect frequencies are different.

  Thus, by including an allowable range in the defect frequency calculated in advance, abnormality detection (defect detection) of each device of the wind turbine generator 10 is facilitated. In particular, since the rotational speed changes in the case of a windmill, it is preferable to set the allowable range according to the change in the rotational speed.

  The above-mentioned defect frequencies include, for example, a frequency that occurs when the outer ring is defective (outer ring defect frequency), a frequency that occurs when the inner ring is defective (inner ring defect frequency), and a rolling element that is defective. There are frequencies (rolling element defect frequencies) that occur when the motor is in operation, and these can be calculated in advance by the following equations (3) to (5).

Outer ring defect frequency: Fo = (Fr / 2) × (1− (d / D) × cos α) × z (3)
Inner ring defect frequency: Fi = (Fr / 2) × (1+ (d / D) × cos α) × z (4)
Rolling element defect frequency: Fb = (Fr / 2) × (D / d) (1− (d / D) ² × cos ² α) (5)
Here, “Fr” is the rotation frequency (Hz), “d” is the diameter (mm) of the rolling element, “D” is the pitch circle diameter (mm), “α” is the contact angle, and “z” is the number of rolling elements. Indicates. The n-th order (n is a natural number) defect frequency can be obtained by calculating n × Fo, n × Fi, and n × Fb, respectively.

[Embodiment 2]
In the state monitoring system of the first embodiment described above, for example, the output current of the generator may be measured in order to measure the output of the generator of the wind turbine generator 10. As a sensor for measuring such a current, a clamp-type current sensor that can measure a current flowing through an electric wire simply by sandwiching a measurement conductor without cutting the electric wire to be measured has been used.

  On the other hand, some sensors have a wireless communication function that eliminates the need for this cable wiring. For example, an object of the invention described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-171403 is to provide a wireless output sensor, a proximity sensor, a processing apparatus, and a control system that can simplify wiring of signal cables and the like.

  Specifically, the wireless output sensor of the invention described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-171403 includes a sensor unit that detects a detection target, and a wireless unit that wirelessly transmits sensor data related to detection by the sensor unit. A transmission unit, a transmission antenna that transmits sensor data related to the processing of the wireless transmission unit, and a battery mounting unit that mounts a battery that serves as a power source for each of the sensor unit and the wireless transmission unit. It is.

  As a power source for the sensor and the wireless transmitter of the invention described in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-171403, any one of a battery, power generation by sunlight, and power generation by vibration is used.

  However, in the invention described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-171403, the battery needs to be replaced, and it can be used only under special conditions where charging by sunlight or charging by vibration is satisfied. There's a problem.

  Therefore, in order to solve such a problem, an object of one embodiment of the present invention is to extract a current from a magnetic field induced around the wire to be measured and use it as a power source for wireless communication. It is to provide a current sensor with a wireless transmission function for transmitting a current value of a generator.

  FIG. 10 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a sensor unit with wireless transmission function (wireless sensor module) 301 on the wireless transmission side. Referring to FIG. 10, this sensor unit 301 includes a current detection unit (current sensor) 300 that measures the output current of the generator, a resistor 302, an input unit 304, and a measurement value measured by the current detection unit 300. Includes a wireless transmission unit 500 and an antenna 400. For example, a clamp type current sensor with a wireless transmission function can be cited as an example of the sensor unit 301.

  The wireless transmission unit 500 includes an A / D conversion unit 502 that converts an analog output signal of the current detection unit (current sensor) 300 into a digital signal, a CPU (control unit) 504 that controls the digital signal, and a high frequency for wireless communication. A radio transmission circuit unit 506 that generates a signal and transmits a measurement value (measurement data) to the reception side (for example, the data server 330 in FIG. 1) of the high-frequency signal via the antenna 400. Radio transmitting unit 500 further includes a power storage unit 510 that stores a power supply in an internal component circuit (for example, the above-described A / D conversion unit 502 or the like). A current is taken out from the magnetic field generated by the AC current component of the measured wire (for example, the output current of the generator) detected by the current detection unit 300, and this power storage unit 510 stores this current and uses it as a power source. It should be noted that the current detection unit 300 is not used for the purpose of current detection, but is used only to store current in the power storage unit 510, and another sensor (for example, a vibration sensor) is used to diagnose the state of the wind power generator 10. It can also be used.

  In the current measurement, the current output from the output terminal of the current transformer clamp type sensor unit 301 is converted into a voltage using the resistor 302 and input. The current value is converted from the current-voltage relationship of the current sensor of the current transformer system determined from the resistance value.

  Here, although it has been described that the power storage unit 510 is provided as a power source for the wireless transmission unit 500, the power transmission unit 500 is not limited thereto, and may be used as a power source for the entire sensor unit 301.

  In addition, the antenna 400 may be non-directional with respect to the relationship between the radiation direction and the radiation intensity of the transmitted or received radio wave, or may have directivity.

  FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing an example of the configuration of a receiving device (wireless sensor module) 601 on the wireless receiving side. Referring to FIG. 11, reception device 601 (for example, monitor device 80 in FIG. 2) includes antenna 602 for receiving radio waves, radio reception unit 700 for converting a signal received via antenna 602, and conversion. An output unit 604 that outputs the received signal (measurement data), a data collection unit 606 that collects and stores the measurement data, and a DC power source 608 that supplies power to the wireless reception unit 700. The DC power source 608 has been described as the power source of the wireless reception unit 700, but is not limited thereto, and may be used as a power source for the entire receiving device.

  The wireless reception unit 700 includes a wireless reception circuit unit 702 that demodulates a received signal, and a CPU (control unit) 704 that controls the wireless reception circuit unit 702.

  As a wireless communication system for transmitting and receiving measurement data, a specific low-power radio that can be used without obtaining a radio station license according to the Radio Law can be used. By providing this method, the cost can be reduced.

Finally, the first and second embodiments will be summarized with reference to the drawings and the like.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first embodiment is a state monitoring system for diagnosing abnormalities in the devices 40 to 60 provided in the wind turbine generator 10, and the state monitoring system is a sensor provided in the device. Including the monitoring device 80, the monitoring control device (data server) 330, and the monitoring terminal 340, and the data measured by the monitoring device 80 in the first period (learning period) before diagnosis is transmitted to the monitoring control device. Then, after the monitoring control device generates a threshold based on the transmitted data (threshold generation data), the monitoring control device performs the second period (operation period) after the first period has elapsed. In addition, whether or not the device is abnormal is diagnosed based on the data collected by the monitor device 80 and the threshold value corresponding to the data, and the diagnosis result is displayed on the monitoring terminal 340.

  Preferably, the threshold setting data is measured for each operating condition of the wind power generator 10, and the threshold is determined for each operating condition. The operating conditions are the wind speed, the rotation speed of the main shaft, and the rotation of the generator shaft. It is defined by at least one of a physical quantity indicating speed, power generation amount, and generator shaft torque.

  Preferably, the measurement data includes data related to any one of vibrations of the devices 40 to 60, acoustic emission generated from the devices 40 to 60, temperatures of the devices 40 to 60, and operation sounds of the devices 40 to 60.

  Preferably, it is converted into a diagnostic parameter indicating the state of the devices 40 to 60, and the diagnostic parameter is any one of effective value, peak value, average value, crest factor, effective value after envelope processing, and peak value after envelope processing. Including one.

  Preferably, the monitor device 80 includes a transmission unit connectable to the Internet 320, the transmission unit transmits threshold setting data, and the data server 330 uses a statistical method from the threshold setting data. A threshold is generated based on the extracted data extracted using.

  Preferably, there are a plurality of devices 40 to 60, and the state monitoring system further includes a monitoring terminal 340 that controls the monitor device 80. The monitoring terminal 340 includes a monitor that displays the result of diagnosis, In the second period, the device diagnosed as abnormal by the monitoring-side control device 330 and information related to the abnormality of the device are displayed.

  More preferably, the monitor displays measurement data corresponding to the same operating condition over time.

  More preferably, the threshold setting data is measured for each operating condition of the wind turbine generator 10, the threshold is determined for each operating condition, and the monitor uses the frequency spectrum of the latest data among the data. And the vibration spectrum of the data that is the same as the operation condition of the measurement data, is stored in the data server 330, and is determined to be normal up to the present time using the threshold value.

  More preferably, the threshold setting data is measured for each operating condition of the wind turbine generator 10, the threshold is determined for each operating condition, and the monitor performs envelope processing of the latest data among the data. The subsequent frequency spectrum and the frequency spectrum after the envelope processing of the data that is the same as the data operating condition and stored in the data server 330 and has been determined to be normal using the threshold value are displayed simultaneously.

  More preferably, the monitor simultaneously displays the frequency spectrum after the envelope processing of the data and the inner ring defect frequency, outer ring defect frequency, and rolling element defect frequency calculated in advance.

  Also more preferably, the monitor displays the frequency spectrum of the data and the rotational frequency and gear meshing frequency associated with unbalance and misalignment.

  More preferably, the monitor displays the frequency spectrum after the envelope processing of the data and the meshing frequency of the gear.

  Preferably, the state monitoring system further includes a monitoring terminal 340 for controlling the monitor device 80, and the monitoring control device 330 can revise a threshold value used for diagnosis from the monitoring terminal 340.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the second embodiment is a sensor unit 301 that monitors the state of the wind power generator 10, and is an alternating current of an output current of a device provided in the wind power generator 10. A current detection unit 300 that extracts a current used for wireless communication from a magnetic field generated by a component, and a wireless transmission unit 500 for wirelessly transmitting the state of the wind turbine generator 10 monitored by the sensor unit 301, the wireless transmission unit 500 includes: For use as a power source for wireless transmission unit 500, power storage unit 510 that stores the current extracted by current detection unit 300 is included.

  Preferably, the wireless transmission unit 500 digitally converts an analog signal indicating the state of the wind power generator 10 and a processing unit 504 that processes the output of the A / D conversion unit 502 for wireless transmission. And a wireless transmission circuit unit 506 for transmitting a digital signal indicating the state of the wind turbine generator 10 processed by the processing unit 504.

  More preferably, the current detection unit 300 extracts the current used for the wireless transmission unit 500 from the output current of the generator provided in the wind power generator 10.

  More preferably, the wireless transmission circuit unit 506 transmits a digital signal using specific low power wireless.

  Preferably, the sensor unit 301 further includes an antenna 400 that radiates the state of the wind power generator 10 as a radio wave, and the antenna 400 has omnidirectionality in the relationship between the radiation direction of the radio wave and the radiation intensity.

  Preferably, the sensor unit 301 further includes an antenna 400 that radiates the state of the wind power generator 10 as a radio wave, and the antenna 400 has directivity with respect to the relationship between the radiation direction of the radio wave and the radiation intensity.

  The embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Wind power generator, 20 Main axis | shaft, 30 Blade, 40 Booster, 50 Generator, 60 Main bearing, 70A-70H Sensor, 80 Monitor apparatus, 90 Nacelle, 100 Tower, 300 Current detection part, 301 Sensor unit, 302 Resistance , 304 input unit, 320 internet, 330 data server, 330 monitoring control device, 340 monitoring terminal, 400, 602 antenna, 500 wireless transmission unit, 502 A / D conversion unit, 504 processing unit, 506 wireless transmission circuit unit, 510 power storage unit, 601 reception device, 604 output unit, 606 data collection unit, 608 power supply, 700 wireless reception unit, 702 wireless reception circuit unit.

Claims (10)

A state monitoring system for diagnosing an abnormality in a device provided in a wind turbine generator,
A monitoring device for calculating the diagnosis parameter a plurality of sensors you measure the operating condition data indicating the operating condition of the measurement data and the wind turbine generator illustrating a state of the apparatus seen including, from the measured data,
Includes a storage unit for storing information, it sets a first threshold for the diagnosis of abnormality of the equipment, a monitoring-side control apparatus for diagnosing an abnormality of the equipment based on the first threshold value ,
A display unit for displaying information, and a monitoring terminal device for monitoring the state of the device,
The monitoring control device is connected to each of the monitoring device and the monitoring terminal device by a communication line,
A first period for collecting basic data, a second period for setting the first threshold value, and a third period for diagnosing abnormality of the device are sequentially set by the monitoring terminal device,
In the first period, measurement data, operating condition data, and diagnostic parameters measured and calculated by the monitor device are stored in the storage unit and displayed on the display unit, and diagnosis is performed using the monitoring terminal device. The operating conditions are set,
In the second period, diagnostic parameters calculated from measurement data measured when the operating conditions of the wind turbine generator satisfy the diagnostic operating conditions are stored in the storage unit, and the monitoring control apparatus stores the storage Generating the first threshold based on the diagnostic parameters stored in the unit;
In the third period, diagnostic parameters calculated from measurement data measured when the operating conditions of the wind turbine generator satisfy the diagnostic operating conditions are stored in the storage unit, and the monitoring control apparatus stores the storage The diagnosis parameter stored in the unit is compared with the first threshold value. If the diagnosis parameter exceeds the first threshold value, it is determined that an abnormality has occurred in the device, and the determination result There that is displayed on the display unit is stored in the storage unit, condition monitoring system. The measurement data is measured for each operating condition of the wind turbine generator,
The first threshold value is determined for each operating condition,
2. The state monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the operating condition is defined by at least one of a wind speed, a rotation speed of a main shaft, a rotation speed of a generator shaft, a power generation amount, and a physical quantity indicating a torque of the generator shaft. The state monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the measurement data includes data related to any one of vibration of the device, acoustic emission generated from the device, temperature of the device, and operation sound of the device. Before Symbol diagnostic parameter effective value, peak value, average value, including crest factor, the effective value after envelope processing, one of the peak value after envelope processing, condition monitoring system according to claim 1. The monitor device is
Including a transmitter that can be connected to the Internet,
The transmission unit transmits measurement data, operating condition data, and diagnostic parameters ,
The monitoring side control device includes:
The condition monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein the first threshold value is generated from a diagnostic parameter using a statistical technique. The monitoring-side controller from the front Symbol monitoring terminal device can revise the first threshold value used for diagnosis, state monitoring system according to claim 1. The monitoring-side control device further sets a second threshold value higher than the first threshold value, diagnoses an abnormality of the device based on the first and second threshold values,
In the second period, the monitoring control device generates the first and second threshold values based on the diagnostic parameters stored in the storage unit,
In the third period, the monitoring control device compares the diagnostic parameter stored in the storage unit with each of the first and second threshold values, and the diagnostic parameter is the first threshold value. Is exceeded, it is determined that a first level abnormality has occurred in the device. If the diagnostic parameter exceeds the second threshold, the device has a higher level than the first level. is determined in the second level abnormality has occurred, their determination result that is displayed on the display unit is stored in the storage unit, according to claim 1 condition monitoring system. The state monitoring system according to claim 1 , wherein the display unit displays the measurement data corresponding to the same operating condition over time. The measurement data is measured for each operating condition of the wind turbine generator,
The first threshold value is determined for each operating condition,
The display unit
Of the measured data, the frequency spectrum of the latest data is the same as the operation condition of the data, stored in the storage unit , and the data determined to be normal using the first threshold value up to the present The state monitoring system according to claim 1 , wherein the frequency spectrum is simultaneously displayed. The measurement data is measured for each operating condition of the wind turbine generator,
The first threshold value is determined for each operating condition,
The display unit
Of the measurement data, the frequency spectrum after the envelope processing of the latest data is the same as the operating condition of the data and is stored in the storage unit , and is determined to be normal using the first threshold value up to the present. The status monitoring system according to claim 1 , wherein the frequency spectrum after the envelope processing of the processed data is simultaneously displayed.

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