JP5868352B2 - How to lay a road on the slope - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for laying a road on a slope. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method of excavating a road, for example, a forest road, on a slope (slope) using a large sandbag, geogrid, and concrete formwork.

  Conventionally, in order to excavate forest roads, roads, railways, etc. on a slope (slope), excavate the slope with heavy equipment such as a hydraulic excavator, and remove the sediment generated by excavation in the rear of the road construction direction. In order to construct a substantially horizontal embankment that becomes a road surface in the direction of road construction, a method of conveying earth and sand again has been adopted. In this construction method, it is necessary to carry the earth and sand from the excavation site to the temporary storage site and from the temporary storage site to the embankment construction site. Furthermore, it is necessary to secure a certain space for temporary storage of earth and sand.

As described below, conventionally, it is known to use sandbags or geotextiles for constructing embankments.
In Patent Document 1 below, a bag that is closed with a flexible sheet-like body having air permeability is formed by folding an end portion of a flat portion of the flexible sheet-like body having water permeability to form a loop-like portion. Forming a body, placing the bag body in the loop-shaped portion, filling the bag body with a filler from an injection port provided in the bag body to form a sandbag, and forming the sheet-like body plane portion of the sandbag Filling up, assembling a mold along the edge of the bank, constructing a rigid wall by placing concrete in the mold, and using a connecting rod with a hook at one end, An embankment construction method is disclosed in which a hook is hooked on a sandbag, the other end is fixed to a rigid wall, and the rigid wall and the sandbag are connected.

  Moreover, in the following patent document 2, the embankment edge part which forms a slope is comprised by the retaining wall on which block bodies, such as a sandbag, are piled up, and embankment materials, such as earth and sand, are on the back side of this retaining wall. In the embankment, the geotextile extending in a substantially horizontal direction is embedded in multiple layers so as to wrap the retaining wall in a vertical direction at a predetermined height, and the ends of these geotextiles. A steep embankment is disclosed in which the portions are terminated sufficiently behind the retaining wall in predetermined layers.

  Further, in Patent Document 3 below, at least a part of the periphery is made of a rigid material, a large container made of a material having strength, flexibility, and water permeability is filled with soil, and then, on the slope. In the slope stabilization method for laying, a slope stabilization method is disclosed in which the container is connected to an anchor material such as a geogrid material laid in layers in a substantially horizontal direction in the embankment.

  Further, in Patent Document 4 below, in the earth retaining method in which sandbags are piled up to form a slope, a steel plate having a plurality of retaining holes opened on a plurality of sandbags stacked vertically and horizontally in a U-shape. A plurality of anchors for anchoring leg legs, which are fixed between the bent portions of the formed steel bars, are placed at a required interval, and the sandbags and the anchors stacked are integrated from the slope side with a net. The anchor is fixed between the sandbags by pushing the protruding end of the anchor to the slope position by the tension of the net when wrapping, and the hook of the leg with the latch pin fixed at the middle part and the lower end in the longitudinal direction Each retaining pin is hooked into a long hole opened in the anchor, and on the other hand, a fence shaft is connected to the upper end of the leg leg so that it can be bent via a connecting member, and a fence is constructed between the fence shafts. Is disclosed.

  Further, in Patent Document 5 below, a large sandbag is stacked as the outermost wall, and an inner side of the large sandbag is provided with an improved soil wall corresponding to each step of the large sandbag, and an embankment is laid on the inside, and these surfaces are rolled. A steep slope embankment construction method characterized by laying a geogrid and sequentially forming these layers in a layered manner, and the improved soil wall inside the large sandbag, There is disclosed a method for creating the steep embankment that is formed so as to correspond to the embankment and the geogrid in order.

  Further, in Patent Document 6 below, a bag body is placed on a large sandbag placed on a slope surface of a natural mountain from the shoulder to the bottom of the shoulder, and the bag body is filled with filler from the shoulder side. A wall surface construction method using a bag body is disclosed in which a wall body is constructed by disposing a fixing material between the natural ground and the formwork of the bag body.

  Thus, in the construction of embankment, it is known to build a retaining wall by stacking large sandbags, and to use a geogrid or the like behind the retaining wall.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 02-164921 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 03-069721 JP 05-171652 A JP-A-10-183626 JP 2003-082666 A JP 2011-094443 A

As described above, in the construction of embankment, it is known to build a retaining wall by stacking large sandbags, and to use a geogrid or the like behind the retaining wall. However, in order to excavate forest roads, roads, railways, etc. on slopes (slopes), excavate soil on the slopes using heavy machinery such as hydraulic excavators, and remove the sediment generated by excavation in the rear of the road construction direction. In the conventional method of transporting earth and sand again in order to construct a substantially horizontal embankment that becomes the road surface in the direction of road construction in the direction of road construction, earth and sand are transported again from the excavation site to the temporary storage site. A construction method that does not require the work of transporting from the temporary storage to the embankment construction site has not been proposed yet.
Under such circumstances, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to transport the earth and sand from the excavation site to the temporary storage site and from the temporary storage site to the embankment construction site when excavating a road, such as a forest road, on a slope (slope). It is to provide a construction method that eliminates the need for such work.

As a result of intensive studies and experiments, the inventors have found that the above problems can be solved by a cutting method including the following steps, and have completed the present invention.
That is, the present invention is as follows.
[1] An excavation method for laying a road on a slope (slope), the following steps:
(1) Cutting down vegetation near the planned site for road construction;
(2) Excavating the slope from which the vegetation was cut using a hydraulic excavator to form a substantially horizontal plane parallel to the road surface of the road, filling the large sandbag with the earth and sand generated by the excavation, Is placed in one or two steps along the sloped end on the substantially horizontal surface, and the placed large sandbag is placed in a gap between the placed large sandbag and the ground. Filling the sand until it is almost the same height as the top surface of the sandbag, and constructing a substantially horizontal temporary stage of a predetermined area to be a working place of the hydraulic excavator at the same height;
(3) The hydraulic excavator is moved onto the temporary stage on which a steel plate is laid if necessary, and the upper or lower slope of the temporary stage is cut within a range that the arm of the hydraulic excavator can reach. Filling a plurality of large sandbags with the earth and sand generated in the cutting operation, and temporarily placing the plurality of large sandbags filled with the sand and sand on the temporary stage;
(4) A part of the plurality of large sandbags filled with earth and sand in the step (3) is placed on the lowest step of the stepped slope so as to be aligned along the laying direction of the road, The gap between the placed large sandbag and the stepped ground is filled with the soil generated in the field, chestnut stone or waste until it is approximately the same height as the upper surface of the large sandbag, and is compacted by rolling. Construct a horizontal plane, lay a geogrid on the substantially horizontal plane and straddle the cut ground, and build the first row and the first row;
(5) The remaining portions of the plurality of large sandbags filled with earth and sand in the step (3) are placed on the first row and the first row so as to be aligned in a row along the laying direction of the road, The gap between the placed large sandbag and the stepped ground is filled with on-site generated soil, chestnut stone or waste until it is approximately the same height as the upper surface of the large sandbag, and is rolled to a substantially horizontal plane. And laying a geogrid on the substantially horizontal plane and straddling the cut ground, and constructing the first row and the second row;
(6) Step (5) is repeated (n-2) times to construct the first row and n stages (n is an integer of 2 or more);
(7) Using concrete means on the side of the large sandbag aligned in steps (4) to (6), and fixing means at the end of the geogrid laid on each of the 1 to n stages Fixing, filling concrete between the concrete formwork and the side of the large sandbag, constructing concrete side walls, and completing the first row in the direction of laying the road;
(8) Steps (1) to (7) are repeated (m-1) times to complete the m-th row (m is an integer of 1 or more) toward the road laying direction;
(9) Over the completed 1 to m rows, the n-stage top is covered with ground-generated soil, crushed stone or road surface material, rolled, and the road surface is constructed, and the road is cut to the slope;
The said construction method containing.

  [2] The method according to [1], wherein the step (7) is performed at the completion of each stage or k stages (where k <n) instead of at the completion of the n stages.

  [3] Every time one row is completed, the temporary stage and the large sandbag placed under the temporary stage are removed, and if necessary, the removed large sandbag is used for the construction of the next row, [1] or The construction method according to [2].

  [4] The construction method according to any one of [1] to [3], wherein a road surface width of the road is about 3 to 4 m.

  [5] The method according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the concrete formwork is a lath formwork.

  In the open-cut method according to the present invention, as a general rule, it is necessary to transport and temporarily place the earth and sand generated by excavation to the rear of the road by making a temporary stage using a large sandbag filled with earth and sand generated by excavation. Absent. In addition, large sandbags filled with earth and sand generated locally can be used for construction of embankments in the direction of road construction, so that heavy machinery can go out in the direction of road construction. There is no need to transport or temporarily store the large amount of generated earth and sand behind the road. Furthermore, since the concrete side wall and geogrid are fixed, there is no need for metal fittings such as Plock. In addition, when a lath formwork is used to construct a concrete side wall, the lateral pressure (hydraulic pressure) at the time of casting is low, and a large steel pipe support is not required, and the concrete casting surface is jagged. So, natural cocoons and moss grow quickly to match nature. Furthermore, since a waste etc. can be filled into the clearance gap between the mounted large sandbag and the cut ground, the waste can be effectively used.

It is sectional drawing which shows the slope of the slope of the natural ground which is going to excavate a road. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which shows the planned position of the road which is going to excavate on a slope. It is the schematic which shows the positional relationship of the sandbag placed on the temporary stage and the stage cut. It is the schematic which shows the state in which the large sandbag was piled up in three steps. It is the schematic which shows the state in which the large sandbag was piled up to 4 steps | paragraphs, ie, an excavation plan position. It is the schematic explaining the state which excavation advances to 1 row-m row along a road laying direction seeing a slope from a side. It is the schematic which shows the state by which the geogrid was laid on the upper surface of a large sandbag, and the lath formwork was fixed to the side surface side of a large sandbag. It is the schematic which shows the state which turned up the edge part of a geogrid and inserted the reinforcing bar in the turned-up part. It is the schematic explaining the state fixed with the steel pipe and number wire for fixing a reinforcing bar and a lath formwork. It is the schematic which shows the state which constructed | assembled the concrete side wall between the lath formwork and the side surface of the large sandbag, and provided the work scaffold as needed.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The present invention is an excavation method for laying a road on a slope (slope), and includes the following steps:
(1) Cutting down vegetation near the planned site for road construction;
(2) Excavating the slope from which the vegetation was cut using a hydraulic excavator to form a substantially horizontal plane parallel to the road surface of the road, filling the large sandbag with the earth and sand generated by the excavation, Is placed in one or two steps along the sloped end on the substantially horizontal surface, and the placed large sandbag is placed in a gap between the placed large sandbag and the ground. Filling the sand until it is almost the same height as the top surface of the sandbag, and constructing a substantially horizontal temporary stage of a predetermined area to be a working place of the excavator at the same height;
(3) The hydraulic excavator is moved onto the temporary stage on which a steel plate is laid if necessary, and the upper or lower slope of the temporary stage is cut within a range that the arm of the hydraulic excavator can reach. Filling a plurality of large sandbags with the earth and sand generated in the cutting operation, and temporarily placing the plurality of large sandbags filled with the sand and sand on the temporary stage;
(4) A part of the plurality of large sandbags filled with earth and sand in the step (3) is placed on the lowest step of the stepped slope so as to be aligned along the laying direction of the road, The gap between the placed large sandbag and the stepped ground is filled with the soil generated in the field, chestnut stone or waste until it is approximately the same height as the upper surface of the large sandbag, and is compacted by rolling. Construct a horizontal plane, lay a geogrid on the substantially horizontal plane and straddle the cut ground, and build the first row and the first row;
(5) The remaining portions of the plurality of large sandbags filled with earth and sand in the step (3) are placed on the first row and the first row so as to be aligned in a row along the laying direction of the road, The gap between the placed large sandbag and the stepped ground is filled with on-site generated soil, chestnut stone or waste until it is approximately the same height as the upper surface of the large sandbag, and is rolled to a substantially horizontal plane. And laying a geogrid on the substantially horizontal plane and straddling the cut ground, and constructing the first row and the second row;
(6) Step (5) is repeated (n-2) times to construct the first row and n stages (n is an integer of 2 or more);
(7) Using concrete means on the side of the large sandbag aligned in steps (4) to (6), and fixing means at the end of the geogrid laid on each of the 1 to n stages Fixing, filling concrete between the concrete formwork and the side of the large sandbag, constructing concrete side walls, and completing the first row in the direction of laying the road;
(8) Steps (1) to (7) are repeated (m-1) times to complete the m-th row (m is an integer of 1 or more) toward the road laying direction;
(9) Over the completed 1 to m rows, the n-stage top is covered with ground-generated soil, crushed stone or road surface material, rolled, and the road surface is constructed, and the road is cut to the slope;
It is related with the said construction method containing.

Hereinafter, the cutting method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the slope of a slope of a natural mountain to be excavated on a road. In FIG. 1, the slope of the slope of the natural ground A is 1: 1.00, but the slope is not particularly limited.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a planned position B of a road to be excavated on the slope of the natural ground A. The central horizontal portion is a place to be a road surface such as a road to be laid, and the width is not particularly limited, but can be about 3 to 4 m. In the excavation method according to the present invention, the earth and sand on the horizontal portion are moved for each row described below in a form filled with sandbags below the horizontal portion.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the temporary stage and the sandbag placed on the stage cut. In the present invention, the vegetation in the vicinity of the planned road laying site is cut down; the slope from which the vegetation is cut down is excavated using a hydraulic excavator to form a substantially horizontal plane parallel to the road surface of the road; A large sandbag filled with the sand and sand, and the large sandbag filled with the sand and sand is placed in one or two steps along the slope end on the substantially horizontal surface, and the placed large sandbag and The earth and sand are filled in the gap with the natural ground until the top surface of the placed large sandbag is approximately the same height, and a substantially horizontal temporary stage having a predetermined area serving as a work place of the excavator is provided at the same height. To construct. Since the shape of the large sandbag may change with time when vegetation is mixed in the soil filled in the large soil, it is preferable to cut the vegetation in the vicinity of the planned road laying site in advance.

  Next, the hydraulic excavator is moved onto the temporary stage on which a steel plate is laid if necessary, and the upper or lower slope of the temporary stage is cut within a range that the arm of the hydraulic excavator reaches, and the step cutting is performed. Filling a plurality of large sandbags with the earth and sand generated in the work, and temporarily placing the plurality of large sandbags filled with the sand and sand on the temporary stage; a part of the plurality of large sandbags filled with earth and sand; Placed on the lowest step of the stepped slope so as to align along the road laying direction, and generated in the field in the gap between the placed large sandbag and the stepped ground Fill the soil, chestnut or waste with the same level as the upper surface of the large sandbag, roll it into a substantially horizontal plane, and on the substantially horizontal plane and straddling the stepped ground, Laying the grid and constructing the first row and the first row. FIG. 3 shows a method in which two large sandbags are placed under the temporary stage, the slope below the temporary stage is stepped, and a part of a plurality of large sandbags filled with earth and sand is stepped. Place the chestnut stone on the lowest level of the surface and the next level (2 levels), and the gap between the cut ground and the top surface of the large sandbag of the second level. It is shown that the first row and the second row are constructed by laying a geogrid on the substantially horizontal surface and straddling the stepped natural ground. .

  The above steps are repeated until the horizontal plane of the planned position B is reached, and the first row and n stages are completed. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which large sandbags are stacked in three stages, and FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which large sandbags are stacked in four stages, that is, up to the planned cutting position B. is there.

Hereinafter, the concept of “row” in the open-cut method according to the present invention will be described.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining a state in which excavation proceeds in 1 to m rows along the road laying direction when the slope is viewed from the side. As shown in FIG. 3, the reach of the arm of the excavator on the temporary stage is limited. A range in which large sandbags can be stacked in such a limited range is defined as one row. FIG. 6 shows that one row corresponds to three large sandbags in the road laying direction and four large sandbags in the vertical direction. The number of sandbags in one row is not particularly limited, and varies depending on the length of the arm of the excavator and the area of the temporary stage.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a state in which a geogrid is laid on the upper surface of the large sandbag and the lath formwork is fixed to the side surface side of the large sandbag. FIG. FIG. 9 is a schematic view illustrating a state in which the reinforcing bar is inserted into the steel plate, FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which the reinforcing bar and the lath mold are fixed with a steel pipe and a wire, and FIG. 10 is a lath mold It is the schematic which shows the state which constructed | assembled the concrete side wall between the side of a large sandbag, and provided the work scaffold as needed.
In the excavation method according to the present invention, the concrete formwork is fixed to the end of the geogrid laid on each of the 1 to n stages on the side of the aligned large sandbags in the first row of work. Fixing using means, filling concrete between the concrete formwork and the side of the large sandbag, constructing a concrete side wall, and completing the first row in the direction of laying the road. FIG. 9 shows that the fixing means is a wire between the steel pipe 9 for fixing the lath mold 8 and the reinforcing bar 10 inserted in the geogrid 5 folded portion. Such concrete filling may be performed at the completion of each stage or k stages (where k <n), instead of at the completion of n stages.

  In the excavation method according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6, the above steps are repeated to complete the m-th row toward the road laying direction, and over the completed 1 to m rows on the nth stage. Cover the site-generated soil, chestnut stone or road surface material, roll it down, build the road surface, and cut the road to the slope.

  In the excavation method according to the present invention, each time a row is completed, the temporary stage and the large sandbag placed under the temporary stage may be removed, or the removed large sandbag is used for the construction of the next row. May be. If the temporary stage is above the road, there is a risk of falling. Therefore, it is preferable to quickly remove the large sandbag used for the temporary stage or the large sandbag temporarily placed on the temporary stage. When the temporary stage is below the road, it is not necessary to remove the large sandbag used for the temporary stage or the large sandbag temporarily placed on the temporary stage.

The large sandbag used in the excavation method according to the present invention can be a large sandbag made of cylindrical polypropylene having a diameter of about 1100 mm, a height of about 1100 mm, and a capacity of about 1 m ² . The large sandbag can be, for example, Tarpy (registered trademark) weather-resistant large sandbag BLACK (for 2t) manufactured by Ebara Industries Co., Ltd. Since the large sandbag is buried on the slope, it may be one that does not have weather resistance.

  The lath form used for the open-cut method according to the present invention can be an Ecowell mesh manufactured by Kugin Co., Ltd.

  It goes without saying that the embodiments will be described, and it will be obvious that those skilled in the art can implement the excavation method according to the present invention in view of the common general technical knowledge and the above explanation.

  The excavation method according to the present invention eliminates the need for transporting earth and sand from the excavation site to the temporary storage site and from the temporary storage site to the embankment construction site when excavating a road such as a forest road on the slope (slope). Since it is a construction method, it is an open-cut construction method that can be suitably used in places where it is difficult to secure a temporary storage space.

A Ground mountain B Drilling plan 1 Temporary stage 2 Hydraulic excavator 3 Large sandbag 4 Stage cut 5 Geogrid 6 On-site generated soil, chestnut or waste 7 Concrete side wall 8 Lath form 9 Steel pipe 10 Reinforcement 11 Scaffolding

Claims (5)

An open-cut method for laying roads on slopes (slopes), which includes the following steps:
(1) Cutting down vegetation near the planned site for road construction;
(2) Excavating the slope from which the vegetation was cut using a hydraulic excavator to form a substantially horizontal plane parallel to the road surface of the road, filling the large sandbag with the earth and sand generated by the excavation, Is placed in one or two steps along the sloped end on the substantially horizontal surface, and the placed large sandbag is placed in a gap between the placed large sandbag and the ground. Filling the sand until it is almost the same height as the top surface of the sandbag, and constructing a substantially horizontal temporary stage of a predetermined area to be a working place of the hydraulic excavator at the same height;
(3) The hydraulic excavator is moved onto the temporary stage on which a steel plate is laid if necessary, and the upper or lower slope of the temporary stage is cut within a range that the arm of the hydraulic excavator can reach. Filling a plurality of large sandbags with the earth and sand generated in the cutting operation, and temporarily placing the plurality of large sandbags filled with the sand and sand on the temporary stage;
(4) A part of the plurality of large sandbags filled with earth and sand in the step (3) is placed on the lowest step of the stepped slope so as to be aligned along the laying direction of the road, The gap between the placed large sandbag and the stepped ground is filled with the soil generated in the field, chestnut stone or waste until it is approximately the same height as the upper surface of the large sandbag, and is compacted by rolling. Construct a horizontal plane, lay a geogrid on the substantially horizontal plane and straddle the cut ground, and construct the first row and the first row;
(5) The remaining portions of the plurality of large sandbags filled with earth and sand in the step (3) are placed on the first row and the first row so as to be aligned in a row along the laying direction of the road, The gap between the placed large sandbag and the stepped ground is filled with on-site generated soil, chestnut stone or waste until it is approximately the same height as the upper surface of the large sandbag, and is rolled to a substantially horizontal plane. And laying a geogrid on the substantially horizontal plane and straddling the cut ground, and constructing the first row and the second row;
(6) Step (5) is repeated (n-2) times to construct the first row and n stages (n is an integer of 2 or more);
(7) Using concrete means on the side of the large sandbag aligned in steps (4) to (6), and fixing means at the end of the geogrid laid on each of the 1 to n stages Fixing, filling concrete between the concrete formwork and the side of the large sandbag, constructing concrete side walls, and completing the first row in the direction of laying the road;
(8) Steps (1) to (7) are repeated (m-1) times to complete the m-th row (m is an integer of 1 or more) toward the road laying direction;
(9) Over the completed 1 to m rows, the n-stage top is covered with ground-generated soil, crushed stone or road surface material, rolled, and the road surface is constructed, and the road is cut to the slope;
The said construction method containing.   The method according to claim 1, wherein the step (7) is performed at the completion of each stage or k stages (where k <n), instead of at the completion of the n stages.   Each time a row is completed, the temporary stage and the large sandbag placed under the temporary stage are removed, and if necessary, the removed large sandbag is used for the construction of the next row. Construction method.   The construction method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a road surface width of the road is about 3 to 4 m.   The construction method according to claim 1, wherein the concrete formwork is a lath formwork.

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