JPH0369721A - Steep gradient banking - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To sharply improve stability of banking by a method wherein a retaining wall having the face of slope of banking built by piling up block bodies is vertically wrapped at intervals of a given height by means of a geotextile, and the end parts of the geotextile are embedded in banking. CONSTITUTION:A geotextile 6' is laid over an existing ground G and astride a part intended to be a retaining wall 4, the given number of block bodies 3 are piled up thereon, and banking 5 is effected in the rear thereof. The front end part of the geotextile 6' is left extended excessively from the piling-up position of the block bodies 3. After banking is completed, the excessive exten sion part of the geotextile is folded back to a banking part 5 in the rear of the block bodies 3, and a banking material 5 is roller-compacted to complete a first layer. A second layer, and a third layer are built in a similar manner described above to build a whole banking 1. This method improves rigidity of the retaining wall and enables safe realization of a steep gradient of five minute inclination or more or high banking.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention relates to embankments constructed by placing new embankment materials on top of existing ground, and in particular, to realize stable high embankments despite steep slopes. This concerns the steep slope embankment that can be constructed.

[Conventional technology]

In conventional embankments, a retaining wall is formed by stacking concrete blocks, etc. on the slope at the end of the embankment material such as earth and sand that is piled up on the existing ground, and the embankment material such as earth and sand is piled up on the back side of the retaining wall. It was constructed by compaction.

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, with a structure in which the walls of the embankment are simply supported by concrete blocks, etc. as described above, it is not possible to maintain the rigidity of the entire embankment and especially the integral rigidity of the slope. A slope that can only be built up to a certain height, and whose slope is steeper than the 5-division method (nori), that is, a slope that recedes by 0.5 meters as the height increases by 1 meter. This was an obstacle to effective use of existing land.

This invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a steeply sloped embankment that has a higher construction height than conventional embankments and can also have a steeper slope.

[Means to solve the problem]

In the first invention, the end of the embankment forming the slope is constituted by a retaining wall formed by stacking blocks such as sandbags, and embankment material such as earth and sand is compacted on the back side of the retaining wall. In the embankment, geotextiles extending substantially horizontally are embedded in the embankment in multiple layers so as to wrap around the retaining wall from above and below at every predetermined height, and the ends of these geotextiles are buried at predetermined intervals in the above-mentioned layers. It terminates well behind the retaining wall.

In addition, the second invention is such that the end of the embankment forming the slope is constituted by a retaining wall integrally formed with self-hardening reinforcement, and the embankment material such as earth and sand is compacted on the back side of the retaining wall. In the embankment, geotextiles extending substantially horizontally are buried in the embankment in multiple layers so as to wrap around the retaining wall from above and below at every predetermined height, and the ends of these geotextiles are buried in a predetermined layer. The retaining wall is terminated sufficiently rearward of the retaining wall.

[Effect]

The rigidity of a retaining wall made of a block body or a retaining wall made of a self-rigid reinforcing material is greatly increased by being wrapped in geotextile at every predetermined height. Furthermore, geotextiles that wrap around the retaining walls at predetermined heights are extended every few layers to the rear of the retaining wall, that is, to the point where they are fully penetrated into the embankment material. It is possible to increase the strength and integrate it, thereby improving the stability of the entire embankment.

Furthermore, in the present invention, only a part of the multi-layered geotextile is extended into the inside of the embankment material, so it is possible to save the geotextile.

〔Example〕

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, and what is indicated by the symbol l as a whole is an embankment (steep slope embankment) according to the present invention.

In this case, this embankment l was constructed on the existing ground G, and the embankment end part 1a forming the slope has block bodies such as sandbags (sandbags in the illustrated example) 3, 3. It is composed of a retaining wall 4 formed by stacking ..., and an embankment material 5 such as earth and sand is rolled onto the back side of the retaining wall 4, and extends almost horizontally inside the retaining wall 4. Geotextile 6,6. ...
, the block bodies 3, 3 .・・・
・ are buried in multiple layers at predetermined heights so as to wrap around each other from the top and bottom, and the block bodies 3, 3 . The end portions of the geotextile 6 to be buried by encasing at least the retaining wall 4 are made to protrude from the retaining wall 4 into the embankment material 501II and are terminated, and these terminal positions are then buried in the retaining wall at predetermined intervals.
It is characterized in that it is located sufficiently rearward of No. 1.

The mainstream geotextiles are woven fabrics, non-woven fabrics,
Resin nets, geogrids, and the like are available, but in this embodiment, a so-called fiber grid in which high-performance fibers are formed into a lattice shape is used. Specifically, a fiber grid has a structure in which fiber bundles consisting of a large number of aligned continuous fibers intersect with each other to form a lattice shape, and each fiber of the bundle is bound by a resin material. .

The continuous fibers may be made of various materials such as glass fibers, aramid fibers, polyester fibers, nylon mIIi, etc., but especially polyester fibers or nylon mIIi.
Those using fI have good flexibility.

Below, including the meaning of explaining the side path of the embankment 1 in more detail,
The method for constructing the embankment 1 will be explained with reference to FIGS. 2 to 6.

To construct and excavate the embankment 1, first, as shown in Fig. 2, a fiber crid 6' is laid on the top surface of the existing ground G where the embankment I is to be created, spanning over the part that will become the retaining wall 4. Then, the fiber grid 6' is fixed by driving pins 7 such as L pins or U pins into the existing ground G, and Bronok bodies (sandbags) 3, 3 . Stack up a predetermined number of ..., then use the professional.

Embankment material 5 is piled up at the rear of the sliding body 3. However, the embankment material 5 to be heaped here shall be limited only to the vicinity of the rear of the block body 3. In addition, the front end portion of the fiber grid 6' should be left in front of the block body 3 installation position as shown in the figure, or the excess length should be folded back as described later (Fig. 3). The length is such that the folded tip (terminus) projects at least further rearward than the block body 3 when the block body 3 is folded.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 3, one end of the fiber grid 6' extending forward of the block body 3 is lifted and bent along the front layer of the block body 3, and the block on which the embankment 5 is piled up is Fold back to the back of body 3,
The folded portion is fixed with a pin 7. That is,
As a result, the flock bodies 3, 3. ... is wrapped in the fiber grid 6' from above and below. After the block body 3 is wound up by the fiber grid 6' in this manner, an appropriate amount of embankment material 5 is piled up behind the embankment applied only to the rear vicinity of the block body 3 and compacted. Regarding the heaping height of this embankment material 5, it is preferable that the upper surface thereof is slightly higher than the upper surface of the block body 3 after rolling. In addition, for the work of leveling the embankment material 5, well-known and commonly used means are used. For example, a small mound of embankment material 5 carried by a dump truck is created behind the block body 3, and this is placed on the block body 3 using a bulldozer or the like. The embankment material 5 can be leveled by cutting down the embankment material 5 directly from the ground near the embankment construction site using a heavy machine for leveling excavation such as a bulldozer. Examples of methods include: Also,
The rolling pressure after leveling is carried out by a rolling machine such as a vibrating roller, or the fiber grid 6' is made of continuous fibers that intersect in a lattice shape as described above and is protected by being covered with plasticine, so it can be carried out by a vibrating roller, etc. The continuous fibers inside the fiber grid and mud do not break even when rolled under pressure.

When the compaction of the embankment material 5 is completed as described above and the first layer of the embankment I is completed, the next layer is formed on the folded fiber grid 6' as shown in FIG. The fiber grid 6' to be used is laid so as to overlap the folded portion of the fiber grid 6' and fixed with pins 7. Thereafter, in the same manner as above, block bodies 3, 3 .
... are stacked on top of each other, and embankment material 5 is piled up near the rear part of these block bodies 3.The excess portion of the fiber grid 6 is rolled back, and the embankment material 5 is piled up on the remaining portion. However, the fiber grid 6 for this second layer
' is shorter than the fiber grid 6' used in the first layer, and both ends (terminus) of the fiber grid 6', which is vertically separated and extends approximately horizontally, are connected to the block body 3. Although it extends further rearward, it terminates at a position relatively close to the block body 3.

Next, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, if the third building is constructed in the same manner as above, then Figures 5 and 6 will be created.
As shown in the figure, in order to construct the fourth layer, a fiber grid 6' is further laid on the top surface of the third layer and fixed with pins 7. It extends to the inside of the embankment material 5, and terminates at a position sufficiently distant from the block body 3.

After that, in the same way, the fiber grid 6' is laid, the block body 3 is installed, and the embankment #! By repeating the filling and compaction operations in step 5, the height of the embankment increases.
At this time, as described above, the fiber grid 6' is laid down to the inside (inner part) of the embankment material 5 for each level, thereby completing the embankment 1 as shown in FIG.

Embankment constructed as above! In this case, the block bodies 3, 3°, . By extending and supporting the block bodies 3, 3 into the
．． ... are supported by these fiber grids 6', so the rigidity of the retaining wall 4 is extremely high,
The resistance of the embankment material 5 to the tonosho increases significantly, and the embankment l
The overall strength can be increased.

Moreover, the fiber grid 6Z61. which supports these block bodies 3. . . . is extended to the deep part of the embankment material 5 which is sufficiently behind the retaining wall 4 at predetermined intervals, thereby preventing the uneven lowering of the embankment material 5 and the resulting embankment l.
This also makes it possible to increase the overall rigidity.

Furthermore, the embankment material 5 in this fiber grid 6'
The portion extending to the inside of the embankment acts to pull the block body 3 (retaining wall 4) toward the embankment material 5 side when the filler or live load of the embankment 1 is applied, so the retaining wall due to this 4, the strength can be further increased.

Therefore, compared to conventional embankments, that is, embankments made by simply rolling embankment materials onto the back side of stacked blocks, it is possible to greatly improve the stability of the entire embankment, which was previously impossible. steeper than the law or 10
High embankments of m or more can be safely realized.

In addition, in the above embodiment, each of the block bodies 3.3.
When superimposing ..., the block bodies 3 may be fixed together with stakes or bolts. In this case, the rigidity of the retaining wall 4 is further increased, and the stability of the entire embankment 1 is further improved. can be improved.

Next, FIG. 7 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, in which the same components as those of the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals.

In this embodiment, the block body 3 constituting the retaining wall 4 is made of a self-hardening reinforcing material instead of the sandbag.

In this case, fill mortar is used as the self-hardening reinforcing material. Fill mortar is a mixture of a hydraulic solidifying agent such as cement or coal ash, and soil, gravel, etc., and is laid by compaction. The other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment. In addition to the above-mentioned fill mortar, as the self-hardening reinforcing material according to the present invention, for example, soil cement), coal ash slurry, ultra-hard kneaded concrete such as roller compaction concrete, etc. 2 Coal-treated reinforced soil, etc. can be suitably used. I can do it.

The construction method of the embankment l according to this embodiment is almost the same as that of the above embodiment, but in this embodiment, the block body 3 is made of fill mortar, so the work of piling up sandbags in the above embodiment is This embodiment replaces the casting or laying work of fill mortar. However, professional.

Form 3 (fill mortar) layer by layer.
(Piling up) is the same as in the embodiment described above.

In the embankment 1 according to the second embodiment, it is possible to achieve the same effect as in the first embodiment due to thermal theory, or because the retaining wall 4 is constituted by the block body 3 made of fill mortar, the retaining wall 4 is further integrated, the supporting strength for the embankment material 5 is further increased, and the strength of the entire embankment 1 can be further increased, and an even steeper slope and higher embankment can be realized.

In the embodiment, fiber grids 6' extending sufficiently inside the embankment material 5 were provided at every third layer.
The fiber glinodes may be provided every other layer or every other layer. However, as for the embankment material 5, a sufficient reinforcement effect can be obtained even if the embankment material 5 is placed at a certain distance from each other.

Geoaki style 6 is used for wrapping and supporting body 3.
In view of the purpose of the present invention, which is to reduce the amount of geoax tiles 6 used by arranging them at a fine pitch, it is desirable to provide the fiber grids every 3 to 5 layers. In other words, as for the fiber grids 6' that extend sufficiently behind the retaining wall 4 and terminate at the deep part of the embankment material 5, the rigidity of the embankment material 5 cannot be increased even if the fiber grids 6' are arranged at certain intervals as described above. However, in this embodiment, since the individual blocks 3 are integrated, the fiber grids 6' are arranged at a fine pitch, while effectively exhibiting the above effect. Also, the amount of fiber grid 6' (geotextile) used can be reduced, leading to cost reduction.

Next, FIG. 8 shows a third embodiment of the present invention, in which the same components as those of the first and second embodiments are given the same reference numerals.

This embodiment is the same as the second embodiment in that the retaining wall 4 is made of a self-hardening reinforcing material such as fill mortar, but the retaining wall 4 according to the second embodiment has a self-hardening reinforcement H (fill mortar). ) block body 3, 3. In contrast, in the retaining wall 4 according to this embodiment, the entire retaining wall is integrated with Soilmo I Retal itself. In order to form the retaining wall 4 according to this embodiment, the above-mentioned second concrete 1 m (in the process of creating the embankment l according to 'AI),
Fill mortar block body 3, 3. . . , the fill mortar that will form the next layer may be cast and rolled before the previously cast fill mortar (block body 3) is completely hardened.

According to this third embodiment, the slope of the embankment 1 (retaining wall 4
) will become even stronger, so we can hope for further stability of Yudo.

Next, FIG. 9 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention, in which the same components as those of the above embodiment are given the same reference numerals.

The retaining wall 4 of the embankment 1 in this embodiment is constructed of integrated fill mortar, similar to the first embodiment of the third embodiment. In addition, similarly to each of the above embodiments, fiber glinders 6' are provided in multiple layers (three layers in the illustrated example) and extend to a sufficiently rear position of the retaining wall 4. Fiber grid 6t, 6t,...
has one end extended to some extent inside the embankment material 5,
Furthermore, the lower they are located, the longer they extend.

According to the embankment l of this embodiment, the following effects can be exhibited. That is, if the embankment = L material 5 or the ground G is soft, such as clay or loam, there is a concern that it may sink after the embankment is constructed. In this way, embankment material 5
When subsidence occurs, the fiber grids 6' extending to the rear within the embankment material 5 are subjected to a large tensile force, and as a result, the retaining wall 4 in these fiber grids 6'
Stress concentration occurs at the boundary between the material and the embankment material 5, and in the worst case, there is a risk of breakage. Therefore, embankment l
By having the above structure, stress concentration at the rear of the retaining wall 4 of the fiber grid 6' extended to the real part of the embankment material 5 can be alleviated, and the above concerns can be resolved.

FIG. 10 shows a modification of the fourth embodiment, in which fiber grids 6', 6", . . .
The fiber grid 6' is provided in one layer corresponding to the fiber grid 6' extending deep into the fiber grid 6'. However, in this case, these fiber grids 6' are not wound up and down in the fill mortar constituting the retaining wall 4, but have one end simply buried inside the fill mortar.

Similar to the one shown in FIG. 9, this example is also effective when the embankment material 5 or the ground G is soft soil.

In the examples shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 above, one or both ends of the fiber grid 6', which is arranged so as to wrap around the fill mortar in the vertical direction, are inserted into the embankment material 5 from the back side of the retaining wall 4 (fill mortar). Although it has a structure that does not protrude, especially when the retaining wall 4 is constructed integrally with fill mortar like this, the engagement strength (pulling shear strength) between the fiber grid 6' and the fill mortar becomes extremely strong. Therefore, the configurations shown above are also possible.

In addition, in the present invention, vegetation soil or the like is provided on the front side of the block body 3 constituting the slope of the embankment, that is, between the block body 3 and the geotextile 6, and plant species are attached thereto. Greening of slopes, etc. can be done at will. Furthermore, the retaining wall 4 has a structure that is a combination of the first embodiment and the third embodiment described above, and the retaining wall 4 has block bodies 3, 3, etc. such as sandbags. ... and a self-hardening reinforcing material (with the block bodies 3, 3... on the front side), and when pouring the self-hardening reinforcing material such as fill mortar, these block bodies 3 ( For example, it is also possible to use sandbags as formwork.

Further, in each embodiment, a fiber grid 6' is used as the geoaxe tile 6, but the geoaxe tile 6 according to the present invention may be any other geotextile product.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, according to the first and second inventions, the retaining wall forming the slope of the embankment is surrounded by geotextiles, and the retaining wall is supported by these geotextiles, so the rigidity of the retaining wall is extremely high. This greatly increases the resistance of the embankment materials to earth pressure, making it possible to increase the strength of the entire embankment. In addition, the geotextiles supporting these blocks are extended at predetermined layers to the depths of the embankment material that is sufficiently behind the retaining wall to prevent uneven lowering of the embankment material. The overall stability of the amplifier can also be improved. Furthermore, the portion of the geotextile that extends into the embankment material acts to pull the retaining wall toward the embankment material when the embankment's own weight or live load is applied, so that the retaining wall is further Strength amplification can be achieved, and as a result, the stability of the entire embankment can be greatly improved compared to conventional embankments, making it possible to safely realize steep slopes or high embankments of more than the 5-division method, which were previously impossible. be able to. Furthermore, as for the thiotextile that extends far behind the retaining wall and terminates at the deep part of the embankment material, it is sufficient to increase the strength of the embankment material even if it is placed at a certain interval. By arranging geotextiles for retaining wall support at fine pitches, geotextiles 7,
It is possible to achieve an excellent effect of reducing the usage amount of 9-f and reducing costs.

In addition, especially according to the second invention, the retaining wall itself has high rigidity, and the engagement strength with the geotextile can be further increased, and the stability of the embankment can be further improved. It is possible to realize even steeper slopes and higher embankments.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial side sectional view showing an embankment according to the first embodiment of the present invention, FIGS. 2 to 6 are partial side sectional views each showing an old note on the construction of an embankment according to this embodiment, and FIG. FIG. 8 is a partial side sectional view showing an embankment according to a third embodiment of the invention, and FIG. 9 is a partial side sectional view showing an embankment according to a fourth embodiment of the invention. FIG. 10 is a partial side sectional view of an embankment showing a modification of the fourth embodiment. 3...Block body, 4...Retaining wall, 5...
...Embankment material, 6'...Fiber grid (thiotextile), G...Ground.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) The end of the embankment forming the slope is constituted by a retaining wall formed by stacking blocks such as sandbags, and the embankment material such as earth and sand is compacted on the back side of the retaining wall. In the embankment, geotextiles extending substantially horizontally are buried in multiple layers so as to wrap around the retaining wall from above and below at every predetermined height, and the ends of these geotextiles are A steep slope embankment characterized in that the embankment is terminated sufficiently behind the retaining wall at predetermined intervals. 2) An embankment in which the end of the embankment forming the slope is composed of a retaining wall integrally formed with self-hardening reinforcement, and embankment material such as earth and sand is compacted on the back side of the retaining wall. In the embankment, geotextiles extending substantially horizontally are buried in multiple layers so as to wrap around the retaining wall from above and below at every predetermined height, and the ends of these geotextiles are buried in the retaining wall at predetermined intervals. A steep slope embankment characterized by terminating well behind the wall.