JP2750363B2 - Steep embankment - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] [0001] The present invention relates to an embankment formed by newly embanking earth and sand on existing ground, and in particular, realizes a stable high embankment even on a steep slope. It relates to a possible steep embankment.

`` Conventional technology '' Conventional embankment is constructed by stacking sandbags that support this wall on the wall, which is the end of the earth and sand that is piled up on the existing ground, and the raised sand is compacted to a predetermined height. It is configured.

`` Problems to be Solved by the Invention '' However, in the above-mentioned conventional embankment, sandbags are used to support the wall surface which is the end portion, but all the conventional sandbags are manually created at a civil engineering site, It took a lot of time to make sandbags, and the work of transporting and stacking to the end of the embankment was also performed by inputting work, which was very inefficient and heavy labor.

In addition, in the structure where the wall of the embankment is supported by sandbags, from the viewpoint of construction accuracy and stability, the gradient of the wall is more than 3 minutes (paste), that is, the gradient of 0.3 m recedes as the height rises by 1 m. It was not possible to realize the steep wall, which was an obstacle to effective use of existing land.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and aims to improve workability by supporting the wall surface of the embankment without using a sandbag, and a steep wall surface that could not be realized by the embankment using the sandbag. The purpose is to provide a steep embankment that allows for

"Means for solving the problem" Therefore, the present invention constructs a retaining wall made of a reinforcing filler at an end forming a wall surface of the embankment, arranges a retaining member inside the retaining wall, and attaches the retaining member to the retaining wall. The base has a base extending substantially horizontally and buried inside the retaining wall, and a rising portion rising from the base along the wall surface of the retaining wall, and furthermore, on the embankment, on the base of the retaining member. The above-mentioned problem is not solved by forming a steep embankment in which geotextiles buried inside the embankment are arranged so as to extend along the embankment.

[Operation] In the steep embankment of the present invention, the earth retaining member having the base buried inside the retaining wall and the rising portion rising along the wall surface of the retaining wall is provided. It is possible to regulate the range for raising soil and soil during the work of raising wood. That is, since the earth retaining member functions as a sandbag in the conventional embankment, a stable embankment can be realized without using the sandbag.

Further, in the steep embankment of the present invention, the inclination of the wall surface of the retaining wall can be arbitrarily determined by the inclination of the rising portion of the retaining member, and there is no limitation as in the conventional embankment.

Furthermore, in the steep embankment of the present invention, the reinforcing material such as soil cement or concrete is filled in the retaining member to integrally fix the geotextile with the earth retaining member, thereby enhancing the self-hardening property of soil cement or concrete. The strength and rigidity of the filler, the retaining member and the geotextile increase the rigidity of the entire embankment, effectively suppressing settlement and deformation of the embankment, contributing to the stability of the embankment, and having an excellent load dispersion effect. From this aspect, the deformation of the embankment is effectively suppressed.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a view showing a steep embankment according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In these figures, the reference numeral 1 indicates an embankment constructed on an existing ground G.

FIG. 1 shows a U-shape as shown in FIG. 2 in a state in which a wall surface 2 as an end portion of the embankment 1 is formed on a substantially vertical wall surface and is almost superimposed on the wall surface 2 in a vertical direction. An earth retaining member 3 having a cross section is disposed with a self-hardening reinforcing material 13 such as soil cement or concrete filled therein,
A state in which an embankment material 4 such as earth and sand is laid in a rolled state behind the retaining member 3 is shown.

This retaining member 3 is, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2,
A base 5 extending in the horizontal direction of the embankment 1 and buried in the embankment 1, and a wall 2 of the embankment 1 from both ends of the base 5.
And a substantially U-shaped side view. Therefore, in this embodiment, the angle (the angle α in FIG. 2) formed between the base 5 and the rising portion 6 is substantially equal.
It is 90 ゜.

However, this angle α is determined by the required gradient of the wall 2 of the embankment 1, and if the gradient is inclined backward toward the top like a general embankment, the angle α becomes an acute angle and the upper end of the rising portion 6 Is set back. Naturally, it is also possible to form the shape in which the upper end of the rising portion 6 is overhanged by setting the angle α to an obtuse angle. In this case, as shown in FIG. 3, it is possible to align the positions of the upper ends of the rising portions 6 so that the wall surface 2 of the embankment 1 is an upright wall as a whole, or to pile up on the upper ends of the rising portions 6 and above. By setting the lower end of the rising portion 6 of the retaining member 3 so as to be aligned, the wall surface 2 of the embankment 1 can have a slightly reverse slope. When the ends of the rising portions 6 are aligned as shown in FIG. 3, microscopically, the wall surface of the embankment 1 has a saw-tooth shape. By depositing flying plant seeds such as weeds, wall surfaces 2 which are almost upright walls will be obtained in the future.

Further, the height of the rising portion 6 of the retaining member 3 is determined by a multiple of the height of a thicker layer which is formed by embankment of the embankment material 4 such as earth and sand, and is compacted, for example, about 15 to 75 cm is appropriate. It is. On the other hand, the width of the base 5 is arbitrary, but it is desirable to secure a width enough for the retaining member 3 to stand on its own without the embankment material 4. It is necessary to stop. Also, the base 5
After filling the self-hardening reinforcing material 13 inside the retaining member 3, the frictional force between the base 5 and the embankment material 4 reduces the earth pressure due to the rolling pressure during construction of the embankment material 4. From the standpoint of competing, it is desirable that the length be a certain length or more.

The rising portion 6 of the retaining member 3 is provided with a frame body 7 formed by forming a high-strength fiber-reinforced rod-like body mainly composed of glass fiber or the like or a rod-like body made of hard plastic into a rectangular frame shape,. Similarly, a mesh member 8 made of a high-strength fiber-reinforced thread is stretched over these frames 7,..., While the base 5 has only the frame 7 among these members. It has a configuration. Accordingly, the base 5 has a relatively large opening.

The frame 7 is made of a material and a shape having strength enough to withstand the side pressure of the filler 13 due to the rolling pressure and vibration during the construction of the self-hardening filler 13 such as soil cement or concrete into the retaining member 3 by itself. Have been. However, as long as this condition is satisfied, the shape and material of the frame 7 forming the retaining member 3 are arbitrary. For example, the opening of the frame 7 is formed in a polygon other than a quadrangle such as a triangle or a hexagon. The frame 7 may be made of a plastic rod, or may be made of a metal subjected to corrosion protection.

A mat with seeds (not shown) is provided along the inner surface of the rising portion 6 of the retaining member 3 for the purpose of greening the wall surface 2 of the embankment 1. The seed-attached mat is fixed to the rising portion 6 by being fixed to the upper end of the rising portion 6 with a fastener or the like.

As described above, the inside of the retaining member 3 is filled with a self-hardening reinforcing material 13 such as soil cement or concrete obtained by mixing soil and sand with a hydraulic hardening agent such as cement, and is stacked vertically. Earth retaining members 3,3,
.., A retaining wall 14 forming the wall surface 2 of the embankment 1 is formed by the internal reinforcing fillers 13, 13,.

Further, in this case, a geotextile 16 is wound around the retaining member 3 as shown in FIG. 1, and one end thereof extends substantially horizontally behind the embankment 1 along the base 5 of the retaining member 3. After being extended, the other end is also folded at the upper end of the rising portion 6 of the retaining member 3 and is also extended substantially horizontally behind the embankment 1, and then buried in the embankment material 4. I have.

In this embodiment, a so-called fiber grid in which a polymer material is formed in a lattice shape is used as the geotextile 16.

More specifically, the fiber grid 16 has a configuration in which fiber bundles composed of a plurality of aligned continuous fibers intersect with each other to form a lattice shape, and the fibers of the fiber bundles are bound by a resin material. ing.

Next, a method of forming the embankment 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

Arrangement of earth retaining members As shown in FIG.
A fiber grid 16 is laid on the upper surface of the fiberboard so as to straddle a portion to be the wall surface 2, and a retaining member 3 is disposed on the fiber grid 16 at a position where the rising portion 6 becomes the wall surface 2 of the embankment 1. , L pins or U pins, etc., are fixed by driving them into the existing ground G. Since this installation work is extremely simple work, during a period when a driver or a guide such as a bulldozer, which will be described later, is used to spread the embankment material, for example, in rainy weather or after rainy weather when the embankment work cannot be performed. It may be done without the need for hard labor to fill the sandbags on the wall.

When the fixing of the retaining member 3 to the ground G is completed, one end of the fiber grid 16 extending forward of the retaining member 3 is lifted and bent along the rising portion 6,
The fiber grid 16 is hooked on the upper end of the rising portion 6 to facilitate the work of winding the fiber grid 16 described later.

The operation of fixing the seeded sheet to the soil member 3 may be performed before the soil member 3 is fixed to the ground G, or may be performed after the soil member 3 is fixed to the ground G.

As shown in FIG. 5, the embankment material is filled with the self-hardening filler 13 into the retaining member 3 by a predetermined height, and then the filling material is filled by a predetermined height so as to fill the rear of the retaining member 3. Excite 4 The embossing height of the embankment material 4 and the self-hardening reinforcing filler 13 is preferably such that the upper end thereof after rolling is slightly higher than the upper end of the rising portion 6 of the earth retaining member 3, so that the embankment material 4 is rolled. There is no danger that the soil retaining members 3 will come into contact with each other due to the pressing, causing a situation such as incomplete rolling of the embankment material.

For the work of spreading the embankment material 4, a well-known conventional means is used, for example, a hill of the embankment material 4 carried by a dump truck is made behind the earthing member 3, and this is applied to the earthing member 3 by a bulldozer or the like. Means such as raising the embankment material 4 by cutting down toward it, or directly cutting down the embankment material 4 from the ground near the embankment construction site using a heavy machine for excavation and leveling such as a bulldozer And means for performing such operations. Further, when filling the self-hardening reinforcing material 13 into the earth retaining member 3, the reinforcing material 13 may be prepared by stirring and mixing the embankment material 4 and the self-hardening material such as cement.

As shown in FIG. 6, the fiber grid 16 hooked on the upper end of the rising portion 6 is folded back at the upper end of the rising portion 6 and laid on the embankment material 4. further,
In this state, the embankment 4 and the self-hardening filler 13 are rolled or vibrated by a vibrating roller or the like, and the embankment 4 and the self-hardening filler 13 are set to a predetermined height.

In this embodiment, a fiber grid 16 is used for the geotextile. Since continuous fibers 17 are intersected in a grid and covered with plastic in the fiber grid 16, the fiber is protected by a roller such as a vibrating roller. Even if it is pressed, the continuous fibers inside the fiber grid 16 do not break. Therefore, fiber grid 16
Can be applied from above the fiber grid 16 in a state where is folded back.

As shown in Fig. 7, the embankment members are piled up on the embankment material 4 which has been compacted.
The fiber grid 16 is laid in the same process as the above process, and the retaining members 3 are stacked. Thereafter, the steps (1) to (4) are repeated to form the embankment 1 as shown in FIG.

Therefore, in the embankment 1 configured as described above, the earth retaining member 3 including the base portion 5 buried therein and the rising portion 6 rising along the wall surface 2 of the embankment 1 is provided. The embankment member 3 can regulate the embankment range of the embankment material 4 at the time of embankment operation. That is, since the earth retaining member 3 functions as a sandbag in the conventional embankment, the stable embankment 1 can be realized without using the sandbag.

Moreover, unlike the conventional sandbags, the soil retaining member 3 can be mass-produced in a factory or the like, and further, by appropriately selecting the material for forming the member 3, it is possible to dramatically reduce the weight compared with the sandbags. Labor saving and improvement of workability can be achieved by omitting sandbag making work and eliminating heavy labor work such as transportation and stacking work.

In the conventional structure where the wall of the embankment is supported by sandbags,
From the viewpoint of the stability of stacking of sandbags and the like, it was impossible to realize the steep embankment of the three-minute method (paste) or more as described above.
Can be arbitrarily determined by the rigidity of the rising portion 6 and there is no limitation on the wall gradient as in the conventional embankment, so that the steep embankment 1 which cannot be realized by embankment using sandbags This can be realized even with the upright wall-shaped embankment 1 as shown in FIG. In addition, in the embankment structure of this embodiment, a retaining wall 14 made of a self-hardening reinforcing material 13 is constructed on the wall surface 2, and the soil cement 13
Since the resistance to the small collapse of the wall surface and the local load action is large, the embankment 1 can be more sufficiently stabilized.

Furthermore, in the embankment 1 of this embodiment, the self-hardening reinforcing filler 13 is filled in the soil retaining member 3 and the fiber grid (geotextile) 16 is integrally fixed to the soil retaining member 3. Due to the high strength and high rigidity of the retaining member 3 and the fiber grid 16, the rigidity of the entire embankment 1 is increased, and the settlement and deformation of the embankment are effectively suppressed, thereby contributing to the stability of the embankment 1 and the load dispersing effect. Therefore, the deformation of the embankment 1 is effectively suppressed from this aspect as well, which contributes to safety. In addition, since the compaction is applied to the banking material 4 with the fiber grid 16 laid, the compaction state of the banking material 4 is maintained at a high level. Therefore, steep embankment and high embankment can be realized in combination with the operation of the retaining member 3 described above.

"Other Embodiments" The details of the steep embankment of the present invention and the retaining member used for the embankment are not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications are possible. Hereinafter, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

8 and 9 are views showing a structure of an embankment according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In the following description, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

The difference between the structure of the embankment 1 of this embodiment and the structure of the embankment of the first embodiment is in the configuration of the retaining member 3 provided on the wall surface 2 thereof. That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the retaining member 3 is formed in a substantially L-shape in a side view by a base 31 extending in a horizontal direction and a rising portion 32 rising substantially vertically from one end of the base 31. The soil retaining units 30, 30 are arranged with the bases 31, 31 facing each other,
The whole is formed in a substantially U-shape. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the distance between the rising portions 32 of the retaining units 30, 30 (distance B in FIG. 8) gradually increases as the retaining member 3 is positioned lower. Therefore, the retaining wall 14 made of the self-hardening reinforcing material 13 raised in the retaining member 3
Is a so-called gravity type retaining wall having a trapezoidal cross section.

The base 31 and the rising part 32 of the earth retaining unit 30 are ninth
As shown in the figure, a part of a lattice-shaped member 33 formed integrally with a high-strength fiber rod-shaped body mainly composed of glass fiber or the like is intersected in a lattice shape, and is partially bent at a substantially right angle, and further bent. A mesh member 34 finer than the lattice-shaped member 33 is attached to the portion where the raised portion 32 is formed. The shapes and materials of the lattice member 33 and the mesh member 34 are the same as those of the first member.
As well as the frame 7 and the mesh member 8 constituting the retaining member 3 of the embodiment, the material is arbitrary, and a well-known material such as a metal or a high-strength fiber-reinforced rod can be suitably applied as the material. The material and shape of 33 is selected so that it has strength enough to withstand the lateral pressure of the reinforcing filler 13 and the embankment 3 at the time of construction.

The earth retaining unit 30 is, as shown in FIG.
Alternatively, the U-pin 15 or the L-pin is driven toward the embankment 4 located below, thereby fixing the existing ground G or the reinforcing filler 13 or the embankment 4. The number and location of the U pins 15 to be driven are arbitrary, but the retaining unit 30 is not
When formed from 33, it is preferable to drive the U-pin 15 into the intersection.

The method of forming such an embankment 1 is the same as the method shown in the first embodiment. Therefore, according to this embodiment, the same operation and effect as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

Note that in this embodiment, a substantially L-shaped soil retaining unit in side view.
The retaining member 3, which is substantially U-shaped when viewed from the side, is formed by opposing the retaining members 30, 30, but as shown in FIG.
Needless to say, the retaining member 3 may be constituted by arranging 0 and 30 in the same direction.

Next, with reference to FIGS. 11 to 13, another embodiment of the retaining member will be described.

The retaining member 3 shown in FIG.
Are the L-shaped retaining members 3 formed in a side view, both of which are formed of plate bodies. The material forming the plate is arbitrary, and well-known materials such as metal and plastic can be suitably applied. However,
As described above, the retaining member 3 needs to be formed of a shape and a material that can withstand the lateral pressure from the embankment material 4. Further, it is preferable to form a large number of through holes 44 in the soil retaining member 3 for a vegetation opening which also serves as a drainage hole from the embankment material 4, and a convex portion 42 for preventing slippage.
It is preferable to provide a reinforcing rib 43 or the like on the lower surface of the base 5.

Next, the retaining member 3 shown in FIG. 12 has a configuration in which a stiffener 40 made of metal, plastic, or the like is bent into an L shape in a side view to form the base 5 and the rising portion 6. 3 and a fiber grid along the inner surface of the retaining member 3.
16 and the fiber grid 16 and the retaining member 3
Thus, it is intended to counter the lateral pressure of the embankment material 4. Therefore, the fiber grid 16 has a fine structure at least at a portion in contact with a wall portion in order to prevent the embankment material 4 from flowing out. In this case, a fiber grid 16 in which a fine mesh material is adhered to the inner surface may be used.

Thus, as in the first and second embodiments, the fiber grid 16 may be wound not only on the outer periphery of the retaining member 3 but also on the inner periphery. If 16 is wound, it becomes possible to pull out only the retaining member 3 after the embankment 1 is formed and to use it for another embankment 1 formation. Needless to say, the design may be left as it is without being pulled out. If the strength is insufficient with only the stiffeners 40, as shown in FIG.
What is necessary is just to use the plate-shaped retaining member 3 provided with 41,41.

Although the fiber grid 16 is used as the geotextile in the above-described example, the structure of the embankment of the present invention is not limited to this, and a commonly used geotextile such as a polymer grid, a geonet, or a geofabric can be suitably applied. In all of the above embodiments, the fiber grid 16 is formed by the rising portion 6 (or 32) of the retaining member 3.
Although the fiber grid 16 is arranged so as to be wound along, the fiber grid 16 may be configured such that the front end on the wall surface 2 side is terminated at the base 5 (or 31) of the retaining member.

[Effects of the Invention] As described above in detail, according to the present invention, an earth retaining member filled with a reinforcing filler is disposed at an end forming a wall surface of an embankment, and the earth retaining member is substantially disposed inside the embankment. It shall have a base that extends horizontally and is buried, and a rising portion that rises from the base along the wall surface of the embankment,
In addition, a steep embankment is constructed at the end of the embankment such that a geotextile extending along the base of the embankment member and buried inside the embankment is arranged. In order to achieve the function of the sandbag, stable embankment can be realized without using the sandbag.
In addition, unlike the conventional sandbags, the soil retaining members can be mass-produced in factories and the like, and can be dramatically reduced in weight by appropriately selecting a material for forming the members. -The workability can be improved by simplifying the stacking work.

In the conventional structure where the wall of the embankment is supported by sandbags,
From the viewpoint of the stability of the sandbag stacking and the like, it was not possible to realize the steep embankment of the three-minute method (paste) or more as described above. Since the portion has rigidity, it can be determined arbitrarily, and since there is no limitation on the wall gradient as in the conventional embankment, a steep embankment that cannot be realized by embankment using a sandbag can be realized.

Further, in the steep embankment of the present invention, the reinforcing material is filled inside the retaining member to fix the geotextile integrally with the retaining member, so that the reinforcing filler and the retaining member and the strength and rigidity of the geotextile have the entire embankment. The stiffness of the embankment is increased, and the settlement and deformation of the embankment are effectively suppressed, contributing to the stability of the embankment and the excellent load dispersion effect. This enables higher embankments than before.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 and 2 are views showing a steep embankment according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the entire structure, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an example of the wall structure of the embankment, FIG.
FIGS. To 7 are process diagrams for explaining a method of forming a steep embankment according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 8 to 9 are steep embankments according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the entire structure, FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing only the retaining member, and FIGS. 10 to 13 are diagrams showing another example of the retaining member. It is. 1 ... embankment 2 ... wall surface 3 ... earth retaining member 4 ... earth and sand 5 ... base 6 ... rising part 13 ... reinforcing filler, 14 ... retaining wall 16 ... fiber grid (Geotextile), 30 ... Soil unit, 31 ... Base, 32 ... Rising section.

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] 1. A retaining wall made of a reinforcing filler is constructed at an end forming a wall surface of an embankment, and a retaining member is disposed inside the retaining wall, and the retaining member is substantially horizontal inside the retaining wall. And a rising portion that rises along the wall surface of the retaining wall from the base and extends along the base of the retaining member. A steep embankment with geotextiles buried in it. 2. A retaining wall made of a reinforced filler is formed at an end forming a wall surface of the embankment, and a retaining member is disposed inside the retaining wall. The retaining member is substantially horizontal inside the retaining wall. A base portion that is buried and extended in the direction, and a rising portion that rises along the wall surface of the retaining wall from the base portion, and furthermore, the embankment extends along the base portion and the rising portion of the retaining member, In addition, a steep embankment in which geotextiles buried inside the embankment as a whole are disposed by being folded back into the embankment from the upper end of the rising portion.