JP5864204B2 - 受光素子 - Google Patents
受光素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5864204B2 JP5864204B2 JP2011230991A JP2011230991A JP5864204B2 JP 5864204 B2 JP5864204 B2 JP 5864204B2 JP 2011230991 A JP2011230991 A JP 2011230991A JP 2011230991 A JP2011230991 A JP 2011230991A JP 5864204 B2 JP5864204 B2 JP 5864204B2
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- diode
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- voltage
- light receiving
- receiving element
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- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 166
- 238000005421 electrostatic potential Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 17
- 206010034972 Photosensitivity reaction Diseases 0.000 description 15
- 230000036211 photosensitivity Effects 0.000 description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010034960 Photophobia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000013469 light sensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003252 repetitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002366 time-of-flight method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004304 visual acuity Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/483—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/486—Receivers
- G01S7/4861—Circuits for detection, sampling, integration or read-out
- G01S7/4863—Detector arrays, e.g. charge-transfer gates
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
- G01S17/32—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated
- G01S17/36—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only using transmission of continuous waves, whether amplitude-, frequency-, or phase-modulated, or unmodulated with phase comparison between the received signal and the contemporaneously transmitted signal
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/89—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S17/894—3D imaging with simultaneous measurement of time-of-flight at a 2D array of receiver pixels, e.g. time-of-flight cameras or flash lidar
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/08—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors
- H01L31/10—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors characterised by potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/08—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors
- H01L31/10—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof in which radiation controls flow of current through the device, e.g. photoresistors characterised by potential barriers, e.g. phototransistors
- H01L31/101—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation
- H01L31/102—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier
- H01L31/103—Devices sensitive to infrared, visible or ultraviolet radiation characterised by only one potential barrier the potential barrier being of the PN homojunction type
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Solid State Image Pick-Up Elements (AREA)
- Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)
- Light Receiving Elements (AREA)
- Photometry And Measurement Of Optical Pulse Characteristics (AREA)
Description
11 半導体基板
12 エピタキシャル層
13 表面ドープ層
14、15 N型領域
16、17 高濃度N型拡散領域
18 パルス発振器
19 リセットトランジスタ
20 増幅器
21 パルス発振器
101、103、105、107 変調電位印加ダイオード
102、104、106、108 光電子回収ダイオード
400、400’、400’’、400’’’ 回路要素領域
402、404、410、412、414、416、418、420、422 金属配線
406、408 配線
Claims (5)
- P型不純物濃度が1×1014/cm3以上の半導体基板上にP型不純物濃度が3×1012乃至5×1014/cm3のエピタキシャル層を4乃至30μmの厚さに積層し、
前記エピタキシャル層上にP型不純物濃度が3×1014乃至2×1018/cm3の表面ドープ層を積層し、
前記表面ドープ層に、前記エピタキシャル層の上面に達するようにN型ウェルを分離して形成することにより、少なくとも6個以上のPN接合ダイオードを分離して形成し、
前記少なくとも6個以上のPN接合ダイオードのなかで少なくとも3個以上のPN接合ダイオードに電圧を印加して、前記エピタキシャル層内の静電ポテンシャルを変調する変調電位印加ダイオードとし、
前記少なくとも6個以上のPN接合ダイオードのなかで前記変調電位印加ダイオードと重複しない少なくとも3個以上のPN接合ダイオードは、前記エピタキシャル層で生成された光電子を回収する光電子回収ダイオードとし、
前記変調電位印加ダイオードと前記光電子回収ダイオードとを、前記変調電位印加ダイオードおよび前記光電子回収ダイオードの配置位置が、点対称または線対称となるように、それぞれ交互に平面状に配置し、
前記変調電位印加ダイオードへそれぞれ印加する電圧の移動を変化させて前記エピタキシャル層内の静電ポテンシャルの勾配を制御し、光の照射により前記エピタキシャル層で生成された光電子の前記光電子回収ダイオードへの移動を制御する
ことを特徴とする受光素子。 - 請求項1に記載の受光素子において、
前記光電子回収ダイオードはそれぞれ独立しており、それぞれの寄生容量および等価回路的に各ダイオードと並列に接続される容量成分が、回収された光電子の蓄積場所として用いられて電荷−電圧変換を行う
ことを特徴とする受光素子。 - 請求項1または2のいずれか1項に記載の受光素子において、
前記変調電位印加ダイオードと前記光電子回収ダイオードとがそれぞれ交互に、かつ、点対称あるいは線対称となるよう平面状に配置された構成を第1の構成とし、前記表面ドープ層上において、前記第1の構成を含む第2の構成が、縦方向および横方向に複数配列し、
隣り合う前記第2の構成では、前記第1の構成の鏡像配列が形成される
ことを特徴とする受光素子。 - 請求項1、2または3のいずれか1項に記載の受光素子において、
前記変調電位印加ダイオードに印加する電圧は、前記半導体基板の基板電圧を基準として、−0.6乃至+15Vの電圧範囲の直流電圧、−0.6乃至+15Vの電圧範囲のパルス電圧、−0.6乃至+15Vの電圧範囲の交流電圧であり、
前記光電子回収ダイオードは、前記半導体基板の基板電圧を基準として、+1乃至+5Vの電圧範囲に初期化される
ことを特徴とする受光素子。 - 請求項1、2、3または4のいずれか1項に記載の受光素子において、
表面光照射または裏面光照射による光を受光する
ことを特徴とする受光素子。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2011230991A JP5864204B2 (ja) | 2011-10-20 | 2011-10-20 | 受光素子 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2011230991A JP5864204B2 (ja) | 2011-10-20 | 2011-10-20 | 受光素子 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2013089873A JP2013089873A (ja) | 2013-05-13 |
JP5864204B2 true JP5864204B2 (ja) | 2016-02-17 |
Family
ID=48533470
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2011230991A Active JP5864204B2 (ja) | 2011-10-20 | 2011-10-20 | 受光素子 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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JP (1) | JP5864204B2 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US11081509B2 (en) | 2017-05-08 | 2021-08-03 | Vrije Universiteit Brussel | Detector for fast-gated detection of electromagnetic radiation |
WO2018206606A1 (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2018-11-15 | Vrije Universiteit Brussel | Detector for fast-gated detection of electromagnetic radiation |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2998646B2 (ja) * | 1996-07-29 | 2000-01-11 | 日本電気株式会社 | 受光演算素子 |
JP3607074B2 (ja) * | 1998-05-01 | 2005-01-05 | 株式会社ルネサステクノロジ | 画像感知および処理のための装置 |
JP4602287B2 (ja) * | 2006-06-14 | 2010-12-22 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | フォトダイオードアレイ |
US7564022B1 (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2009-07-21 | Caeleste Cvba | Method and device for time-gating the sensitivity of an imager structure |
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2011
- 2011-10-20 JP JP2011230991A patent/JP5864204B2/ja active Active
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