JP5838645B2 - 超純水の製造方法 - Google Patents
超純水の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5838645B2 JP5838645B2 JP2011174281A JP2011174281A JP5838645B2 JP 5838645 B2 JP5838645 B2 JP 5838645B2 JP 2011174281 A JP2011174281 A JP 2011174281A JP 2011174281 A JP2011174281 A JP 2011174281A JP 5838645 B2 JP5838645 B2 JP 5838645B2
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- urease
- fiber
- urea
- water
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 43
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 26
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 title claims description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 55
- 108010046334 Urease Proteins 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 108060008539 Transglutaminase Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 102000003601 transglutaminase Human genes 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010559 graft polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003100 immobilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006911 enzymatic reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
- HMLSBRLVTDLLOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(dimethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)OC(=O)C(C)=C HMLSBRLVTDLLOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C JKNCOURZONDCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJIXRGNQPBQWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(diethylamino)ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SJIXRGNQPBQWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPBJAVGHACCNRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CN(C)CCOC(=O)C=C DPBJAVGHACCNRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZMCNGMIRGGSIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[ethyl(methyl)amino]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCN(C)CCOC(=O)C(C)=C FZMCNGMIRGGSIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIPOSSQYJCLPLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[ethyl(methyl)amino]ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCN(C)CCOC(=O)C=C UIPOSSQYJCLPLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.OCC(N)(CO)CO QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IXPWKHNDQICVPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylhex-1-en-3-yne Chemical compound CCC#CC(C)=C IXPWKHNDQICVPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000026683 transduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010361 transduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Landscapes
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Ion Exchange (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
Description
グラフト率[(w/w)%]=(付与したグラフト鎖重量)/(重合前繊維重量)×100・・式(1)
グラフト基密度[(mmol/g−dry)]=(付与したグラフト基モル数)/(陰イオン交換グラフト鎖搭載繊維重量)・・式(2)
ウレアーゼの架橋固定容量(mmol/mL−bed)=[(ウレアーゼ吸着量)−(ウレアーゼ洗浄および溶出量)]/(陰イオン交換グラフト鎖搭載繊維のカラム充填体積)・・式(3)
架橋率(%)=[(ウレアーゼ吸着量)−(ウレアーゼ洗浄および溶出量)]/(ウレアーゼ吸着量)×100・・式(4)
窒素雰囲気下、太さ25μmの市販のナイロン−6(Ny)繊維1.0gの表面に200kGyの電子線を照射した後、濃度3(v/v)%のDMAEMA水溶液に40℃で10分浸漬し、Ny繊維にグラフト鎖を付与し、陰イオン交換グラフト鎖搭載繊維を得た。前記の式(1)のグラフト率は37%であり、前記の式(2)のグラフト基密度は1.7(mmol/g−dry)であった。
上記の製造例1における未架橋のウレアーゼを溶出除去操作の後、シリンジポンプから0.2mg/L(200ppb)の尿素水溶液を供給し、架橋ウレアーゼ固定化繊維による尿素の分解試験を行った。試験は尿素水溶液の供給速度(SV)を変えて行った。結果を図3に示す。同図から明らかなようにSV=300h−1(接触時間12秒)においても尿素の分解率は100%であった。
図1及び図2に示す、処理水量3m3/hの超純水装置を使用した。図2に示す尿素の酵素分解装置の架橋ウレアーゼ固定化繊維(15)には製造例1と同様な方法で得られたものを1cm毎に切断して使用した。原水としては尿素をTOCとして約10ppb添加した横浜市水を使用した。架橋ウレアーゼ固定化繊維(15)に対する被処理水の接触時間は0.3分(18秒)(SV=200h−1)とした。得られた超純水のTOCを測定し表1に示した。比較のため、尿素の酵素分解装置を使用しなかった以外は上記と同様にして超純水を製造し、得られた超純水のTOCを測定し表1に示した。
B:一次純水製造装置
C:二次純水製造装置
1:除濁UF装置
2:活性炭塔
3:RO膜装置
4:電気再生式イオン交換装置
5:一次純水槽
6:低圧紫外線酸化装置
7:脱気装置
8:混床式イオン交換装置
9:UF膜装置
10:酵素反応装置
11:被処理水流入管
12:散水管
13:処理水流出管
14:集水管
15:架橋ウレアーゼ固定化繊維
Claims (3)
- 原水の前処理装置、一次純水製造装置および二次純水製造装置を備え、更に、架橋ウレアーゼ固定化繊維を収容した尿素分解装置を含む超純水製造装置を使用し、尿素分解装置における架橋ウレアーゼ固定化繊維に対する被処理水の接触時間を5秒以上3分以下とすることを特徴とする超純水の製造方法。
- 架橋ウレアーゼ固定化繊維が、陰イオン交換官能基をグラフト重合により固定した繊維にウレアーゼを固定化した後、更にトランスグルタミナーゼでウレアーゼを架橋して得られたものである請求項1に記載の超純水の製造方法。
- 架橋ウレアーゼ固定化繊維の繊維がナイロン繊維である請求項1又は2に記載の超純水の製造方法。
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Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2013237944A (ja) * | 2012-05-14 | 2013-11-28 | Chiba Univ | 架橋カタラーゼ固定化繊維および超純水製造装置 |
CN104150663A (zh) * | 2014-08-31 | 2014-11-19 | 晨氏(天津)科技有限公司 | 一种超纯水生产系统 |
CN105776711B (zh) * | 2016-05-10 | 2018-08-17 | 李明 | 一种工业废水资源化零排放系统 |
CN114761360B (zh) * | 2019-11-26 | 2024-03-26 | 奥加诺株式会社 | 无尿素水的制造方法、尿素的定量方法及尿素的分析装置 |
JP7621178B2 (ja) | 2021-05-12 | 2025-01-24 | オルガノ株式会社 | 尿素フリー水の製造方法及び製造装置、ならびに尿素の定量方法及び分析装置 |
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JPH01265886A (ja) * | 1988-04-15 | 1989-10-23 | Akifumi Nishikawa | 繊維、フィルム状固定化酵素用担体の製造法 |
JP3216256B2 (ja) * | 1992-09-08 | 2001-10-09 | 栗田工業株式会社 | 超純水製造装置 |
JP3919259B2 (ja) * | 1995-07-24 | 2007-05-23 | オルガノ株式会社 | 超純水製造装置 |
WO2002085519A2 (en) * | 2001-04-20 | 2002-10-31 | Emembrane, Inc. | High capacity methods for separation, purification, concentration, immobilization and synthesis of compounds and applications based thereupon |
WO2003080225A1 (en) * | 2002-03-18 | 2003-10-02 | Ionics, Incorporated | Upw treatment and system with organic nitrogen removal |
US6994793B2 (en) * | 2002-04-19 | 2006-02-07 | Hydro-Trace Incorporated | Process for remediating ground water containing one or more nitrogen compounds |
JP2006167648A (ja) * | 2004-12-17 | 2006-06-29 | Shunichi Uchiyama | 尿素の処理装置及び尿素の処理方法 |
US8715221B2 (en) * | 2006-03-08 | 2014-05-06 | Fresenius Medical Care Holdings, Inc. | Wearable kidney |
JP2012011375A (ja) * | 2010-06-04 | 2012-01-19 | Blue Aqua Industry Kk | 廃水処理方法及び廃水処理装置 |
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