JP5837849B2 - 筒内噴射式エンジンの制御装置 - Google Patents
筒内噴射式エンジンの制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
- F02B23/08—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition
- F02B23/10—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition with separate admission of air and fuel into cylinder
- F02B23/101—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition with separate admission of air and fuel into cylinder the injector being placed on or close to the cylinder centre axis, e.g. with mixture formation using spray guided concepts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B17/00—Engines characterised by means for effecting stratification of charge in cylinders
- F02B17/005—Engines characterised by means for effecting stratification of charge in cylinders having direct injection in the combustion chamber
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/02—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with gaseous fuels
- F02D19/021—Control of components of the fuel supply system
- F02D19/023—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel mass or volume flow
- F02D19/024—Control of components of the fuel supply system to adjust the fuel mass or volume flow by controlling fuel injectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/0663—Details on the fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
- F02D19/0686—Injectors
- F02D19/0689—Injectors for in-cylinder direct injection
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
- F02D19/082—Premixed fuels, i.e. emulsions or blends
- F02D19/084—Blends of gasoline and alcohols, e.g. E85
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D19/00—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D19/06—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed
- F02D19/08—Controlling engines characterised by their use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures peculiar to engines working with pluralities of fuels, e.g. alternatively with light and heavy fuel oil, other than engines indifferent to the fuel consumed simultaneously using pluralities of fuels
- F02D19/082—Premixed fuels, i.e. emulsions or blends
- F02D19/085—Control based on the fuel type or composition
- F02D19/087—Control based on the fuel type or composition with determination of densities, viscosities, composition, concentration or mixture ratios of fuels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
- F02D41/3809—Common rail control systems
- F02D41/3836—Controlling the fuel pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/12—Other methods of operation
- F02B2075/125—Direct injection in the combustion chamber for spark ignition engines, i.e. not in pre-combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
- F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
- F02D2200/06—Fuel or fuel supply system parameters
- F02D2200/0611—Fuel type, fuel composition or fuel quality
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
- F02D2250/31—Control of the fuel pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M43/00—Fuel-injection apparatus operating simultaneously on two or more fuels, or on a liquid fuel and another liquid, e.g. the other liquid being an anti-knock additive
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
- F02M61/08—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves opening in direction of fuel flow
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Description
上記した以外の、課題、構成、及び効果は、以下の実施形態により明らかにされる。
図1は、本発明に係る制御装置の一実施形態(実施例1〜3で共通)を、それが適用された筒内噴射式エンジンの一例と共に示す概略構成図である。
図16は、ECUが燃料噴射時期、燃料噴射圧等を設定する際に実行する処理・手順(プログラム)の一例(実施例1とする)の一部を示すフローチャートである。図17は、図16に示される実施例1で使用される燃料のアルコール濃度と噴射圧の関係を示すグラフである。また、図18は、実施例1で使用される噴射圧設定マップを示している。
図19は、ガソリン/アルコール混合燃料におけるアルコール濃度とPM排出濃度の関係の一例を示している。図19に示されるようにPM排出濃度はアルコール濃度の上昇に伴い減少する。これはアルコールにはPMの核生成の主要物質である芳香族炭化水素の含有率が少ないこと、またアルコール内には酸素を含むためPM生成の原因となる不完全燃焼が起こりにくいことが理由である。
PMの主な発生原因は、ピストン冠面などの燃焼室壁面に付着した燃料が充分に空気と混合できず、低酸素濃度状態で不完全燃焼することにある。噴射圧が高くなると燃料噴射弁から噴射される燃料噴霧の粒径が小さくなり、燃料の気化速度が速くなる。このため噴射圧が高くなると、壁面に付着する燃料量が減りPM排出濃度が下がる。また噴射圧が高くなると噴霧と空気間に働くせん断力が大きくなり、燃料と空気との混合が促進される。この作用によって、噴射圧が高くなると局所的な燃料リッチ領域が減りPM排出濃度が下がる。これらが、噴射圧が高くなるとPM排出濃度が下がる主な理由である。
図31〜図33は、成層燃焼モードにおける燃焼室内の点火時期近傍での燃料噴霧挙動を示している。図31は、噴射圧を基本噴射圧PnHに設定し、燃料を基本噴射時期THで噴射した場合の噴霧挙動を示す。この場合は、圧縮行程後期で噴射された燃料噴霧SPの先端部はピストン冠面に衝突し、噴霧自身が持つ貫通力によってピストン冠面上に広がり、キャビティ103aの端部段差によって燃焼室の上方向に巻き上がる。この結果、点火プラグ107の電極ギャップ部に燃料が到達する。これによって点火プラグ周りに燃料濃度が高い混合気が形成され、点火プラグによって点火、燃焼が行われる。
低噴射圧では基本噴射圧に比べて、同一の燃料を噴射するための噴射期間が長くなる。従って均質燃焼モードにおいて低噴射圧に設定された場合に、燃料噴射開始時期を基本噴射時期とすると、噴射終了時期は基本噴射圧の場合に比べて遅角側になる。すると、低噴射圧では燃焼室内での燃料噴霧の気化時間、燃料の混合時間が基本噴射圧の場合に比べて短くなり、気化、混合不良によるエミッション、燃費、出力性能が悪化する虞がある。実施例3では、均質燃焼モードにおいて、アルコール濃度が高い場合に噴射圧を低くするとともに、噴射開始時期を進角側に設定することで、燃料噴霧の気化時間、燃料の混合時間を長くすることができる。
Claims (6)
- 燃料を燃焼室内に直接噴射する燃料噴射弁と前記燃焼室内の混合気を点火するための点火プラグとを備えると共に、前記燃料噴射弁が前記燃焼室の天井部中央のシリンダヘッドに設けられてピストンの冠面方向に中空円錐状に燃料を噴射する筒内噴射式エンジンの制御装置であって、
燃料のアルコール濃度が高い場合は、燃料のアルコール濃度が低い場合よりも燃料噴射圧を低くすることを特徴とする筒内噴射式エンジンの制御装置。 - 燃料を燃焼室内に直接噴射する燃料噴射弁と前記燃焼室内の混合気を点火するための点火プラグとを備えると共に、前記燃料噴射弁が前記燃焼室の天井部中央のシリンダヘッドに設けられてピストンの冠面方向に中空円錐状に燃料を噴射する筒内噴射式エンジンの制御装置であって、
燃料のアルコール濃度が高く、かつ、エンジンの冷却水温度もしくはオイル温度が所定温度より高い場合は、燃料のアルコール濃度が低い場合、又は、エンジンの冷却水温度もしくはオイル温度が所定温度より低い場合よりも燃料噴射圧を低くすることを特徴とする筒内噴射式エンジンの制御装置。 - 燃料を燃焼室内に直接噴射する燃料噴射弁と前記燃焼室内の混合気を点火するための点火プラグとを備えると共に、前記燃料噴射弁が前記燃焼室の天井部中央のシリンダヘッドに設けられてピストンの冠面方向に中空円錐状に燃料を噴射する筒内噴射式エンジンの制御装置であって、
エンジンの冷却水温度もしくはオイル温度が所定温度より低く、かつ、燃料のアルコール濃度が高い場合は、燃料のアルコール濃度が低い場合よりも燃料噴射圧を高くし、
エンジンの冷却水温度もしくはオイル温度が所定温度より高く、かつ、燃料のアルコール濃度が高い場合は、燃料のアルコール濃度が低い場合よりも燃料噴射圧を低くすることを特徴とする筒内噴射式エンジンの制御装置。 - 燃料のアルコール濃度が高い場合の圧縮行程での燃料噴射開始時期を、燃料のアルコール濃度が低い場合の圧縮行程での燃料噴射開始時期よりも遅角側にすることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の筒内噴射式エンジンの制御装置。
- 燃料のアルコール濃度が高い場合の吸気行程での燃料噴射開始時期を、燃料のアルコール濃度が低い場合の吸気行程での燃料噴射開始時期よりも進角側にすることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の筒内噴射式エンジンの制御装置。
- 燃料のアルコール濃度が高い場合の吸気行程での燃料噴射開始時期を、燃料のアルコール濃度が低い場合の吸気行程での燃料噴射開始時期よりも進角側にすることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の筒内噴射式エンジンの制御装置。
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JP2012064334A JP5837849B2 (ja) | 2012-03-21 | 2012-03-21 | 筒内噴射式エンジンの制御装置 |
PCT/JP2013/052306 WO2013140866A1 (ja) | 2012-03-21 | 2013-02-01 | 筒内噴射式エンジンの制御装置 |
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