JP5831551B2 - 液晶表示装置 - Google Patents
液晶表示装置 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP5831551B2 JP5831551B2 JP2013539036A JP2013539036A JP5831551B2 JP 5831551 B2 JP5831551 B2 JP 5831551B2 JP 2013539036 A JP2013539036 A JP 2013539036A JP 2013539036 A JP2013539036 A JP 2013539036A JP 5831551 B2 JP5831551 B2 JP 5831551B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- pixels
- display device
- crystal display
- pixel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
- G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
- G09G3/34—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters by control of light from an independent source
- G09G3/3406—Control of illumination source
- G09G3/3413—Details of control of colour illumination sources
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
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- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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- G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
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- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
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- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
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- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
- G02F1/134318—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement having a patterned common electrode
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
- G02F1/134345—Subdivided pixels, e.g. for grey scale or redundancy
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13712—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering the liquid crystal having negative dielectric anisotropy
Description
図1は、本実施形態に係る液晶表示装置の一例を示す断面図である。この図1は、横方向の断面を表す。
配向維持層251,252は、電界下で光照射等によりプレチルト角を付与された有機膜としてもよい。配向維持層251,252は、液晶層7と接する位置に形成される。配向維持層251,252は、液晶分子を垂直配向させる配向膜に、光又は熱線などの放射線、又は電界下にて付与されるこれら放射線によって、液晶に対するプレチルト形成機能を付与することにより形成される。放射線としては紫外線が用いられてもよい。単位サブピクセル又は単位画素内の平坦面部分に形成された配向維持層251,252によるプレチルト形成機能は、実用的には、0.1°〜1.5°の範囲で、より好ましくは0.1°〜1°の範囲で、液晶にプレチルト角を与える。液晶表示装置1は、斜め電界を活用するため、1°未満の微小なプレチルト角でも液晶層7の液晶分子をスムースに駆動可能である。ノーマリーブラックの垂直配向の液晶では、配向維持層251,252によって与えられるプレチルト角が小さいほど、黒表示時の光漏れを減らし、高いコントラストを得ることができる。しかしながら、通常、プレチルト角が小さい垂直配向の液晶においては、低電圧側の液晶駆動電圧が高くなり、黒表示から中間調表示の再現性が低下する。
図12は、本実施形態に係る液晶表示装置の一例を示す断面図である。この図12は、横方向の断面図である。
本実施形態においては、上記第1及び第2の実施形態に係るカラーフィルタ基板5,28に用いられる透明樹脂及び有機顔料などについて例示する。
ブラックマトリクスBM、カラーフィルタ16の形成に用いられる感光性着色組成物は、顔料分散体に加え、多官能モノマー、感光性樹脂又は非感光性樹脂、重合開始剤、溶剤などを含有する。例えば、感光性樹脂及び非感光性樹脂などのような、本実施形態で用いることが可能な透明性の高い有機樹脂を総称して透明樹脂と呼ぶ。
本実施形態に用いるブラックマトリクスBMなどの遮光パターン、透明パターン、カラーフィルタ16の形成には、フォトリソグラフィによるパターン形成が可能な感光性樹脂組成物を用いることが好ましい。これらの透明樹脂は、アルカリ可溶性を付与された樹脂であることが望ましい。アルカリ可溶性樹脂として、カルボキシル基又は水酸基を含む樹脂を用いるとしてもよく、他の樹脂を用いるとしてもよい。アルカリ可溶性樹脂としては、例えば、エポキシアクリレート系樹脂、ノボラック系樹脂、ポリビニルフェノール系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂、カルボキシル基含有エポキシ樹脂、カルボキシル基含有ウレタン樹脂などを用いることができる。これらのうち、アルカリ可溶性樹脂としては、エポキシアクリレート系樹脂、ノボラック系樹脂、アクリル系樹脂を用いることが好ましく、特に、エポキシアクリレート系樹脂又はノボラック系樹脂が好ましい。
本実施形態で適用可能な透明樹脂の代表として、以下のアクリル系樹脂が例示される。
赤色顔料としては、例えば、C.I.Pigment Red 7、9、14、41、48:1、48:2、48:3、48:4、81:1、81:2、81:3、97、122、123、146、149、168、177、178、179、180、184、185、187、192、200、202、208、210、215、216、217、220、223、224、226、227、228、240、242、246、254、255、264、272、279などを用いることができる。
ブラックマトリクスBMの層に含まれる遮光性の色材は、可視光波長領域に吸収を有することにより遮光機能を示す色材である。本実施形態において遮光性の色材には、例えば、有機顔料、無機顔料、染料などを用いることができる。無機顔料としては、例えば、カーボンブラック、酸化チタンなどを用いることができる。染料としては、例えば、アゾ系染料、アントラキノン系染料、フタロシアニン系染料、キノンイミン系染料、キノリン系染料、ニトロ系染料、カルボニル系染料、メチン系染料などを用いることができる。有機顔料については、前記の有機顔料が採用可能である。なお、遮光性成分は、1種を用いてもよく、適当な比率で2種以上を組み合わせてもよい。また、これら色材の表面の樹脂被覆により高体積抵抗化が行われてもよく、逆に、樹脂の母材に対して色材の含有比率を上げて若干の導電性を付与することにより低体積抵抗化が行われてもよい。しかし、このような遮光性材料の体積抵抗値は、およそ1×108〜1×1015Ω・cmの範囲であるので、透明導電膜の抵抗値に影響するレベルではない。同様に、遮光層の比誘電率も、色材の選択又は含有比率によっておよそ3〜20の範囲で調整できる。ブラックマトリクスBMの塗膜、着色画素の塗膜、透明樹脂層の比誘電率は、液晶表示装置1,30の設計条件及び液晶駆動条件に応じて、前記されている比誘電率の範囲内で調整できる。
Claims (12)
- マトリクス状に配置される複数の画素に対応する複数の画素電極と、前記画素を区分けするブラックマトリクスと、を備えたアレイ基板と、
前記アレイ基板に対向し、前記複数の画素に対応するカラーフィルタを備えたカラーフィルタ基板と、
前記アレイ基板と前記カラーフィルタ基板との間に備えられ、負の誘電率異方性を持つ液晶層と、
前記アレイ基板の液晶層側と逆の裏面側に備えられるバックライトユニットと、
前記画素電極への液晶駆動電圧の印加タイミングと、前記バックライトユニットの発光タイミングとを制御する制御部と
を具備した液晶表示装置であって、
前記バックライトユニットは、固体発光素子アレイを備えたエッジライト型ユニットであり、
前記複数の画素は、2つの赤画素と、2つの緑画素と、2つの青画素とから構成される絵素を含み、
前記複数の画素は、横方向に長い形状を持ち、前記横方向に同じ色が並び、縦方向に異なる色が並び、
前記複数の画素における横方向に隣接するそれぞれ前記2つの画素は、前記2つの画素の間の中心線から線対称の形状を持ち、前記2つの画素の間の中心線は、前記2つの画素の境界線であって、
前記制御部は、映像信号に基づいて、前記画素電極への液晶駆動電圧の印加タイミングと、前記バックライトユニットの発光タイミングとの間で同期制御を行い、
前記アレイ基板は、透明基板の上に、複数の共通電極と、絶縁層と、前記画素電極とを備えており、
前記共通電極は、同じ画素内の前記画素電極と平面視で一部が重なっており、
前記横方向に隣接する前記2つの画素のそれぞれに備えられた前記共通電極は、前記横方向に隣接する前記2つの画素の中心線で線対称であり、かつ、前記画素電極からそれぞれ前記中心線から離れる方向にはみ出ており、
前記2つの画素の液晶分子は、前記2つの画素のいずれか一方の前記画素電極と、前記共通電極との間に液晶駆動電圧が印加されると、前記2つの画素の他方から一方へ向かう方向、かつ、前記画素電極から前記共通電極に向かう方向に倒れ、
前記複数の画素電極は、透明導電膜で形成されるとともに、前記画素電極の表面に前記画素の長辺と平行なスジを備え、
観察者から入射する光を検出するための受光素子をさらに具備し、
前記受光素子は、前記液晶表示装置の筐体に実装された撮像素子であり、
前記制御部は、前記受光素子の出力に基づいて観察者の位置を検出し、前記固体発光素子の出射光の出射角を調整する、
ことを特徴とする液晶表示装置。 - 前記ブラックマトリクスは、前記縦方向に隣接する画素の間に形成され、前記横方向に隣接する画素の間には形成されないことを特徴とする請求項1の液晶表示装置。
- 前記複数の画素電極のそれぞれと電気的に接続されており、透明チャネル材料として複合金属酸化物を用いた酸化物半導体によって形成された複数のアクティブ素子をさらに具備することを特徴とする請求項1の液晶表示装置。
- 前記複数の画素は、前記横方向と角度γを持つ長辺と、前記縦方向と平行な短辺を持つ平行四辺形であることを特徴とする請求項1の液晶表示装置。
- 前記横方向に隣接する2つの画素は、同じ色でV字状又は逆V字状であり、
当該V字状又は逆V字状のパターンが前記横方向に繰り返すことを特徴とする請求項4の液晶表示装置。 - 前記複数の画素は、前記横方向に長辺を持ち、前記縦方向に短辺を持つ長方形であることを特徴とする請求項1の液晶表示装置。
- 前記複数の画素電極は、前記画素の長辺と平行なスリットを備え、前記隣接する画素の中心線で線対称な形状を持つことを特徴とする請求項1の液晶表示装置。
- 前記アレイ基板と前記バックライトユニットとの間に配置され、複数の三角柱状プリズムのアレイと、複数の半円柱状レンズのアレイとを含む光制御素子をさらに具備し、
前記複数の三角柱状プリズムの長手方向と前記複数の半円柱状レンズの長手方向とは平行ではない所定の角度を持つ請求項1の液晶表示装置。 - 前記アレイ基板と前記バックライトユニットとの間に配置され、複数の三角柱状プリズムのアレイと、複数の半円柱状レンズのアレイとを含む光制御素子をさらに具備し、
複数の三角柱状プリズムの長手方向は、前記複数の半円柱状レンズの長手方向とほぼ平行であり、
前記三角柱プリズムの幅は、前記画素の横方向の長さの2倍であることを特徴とする請求項1の液晶表示装置。 - 前記半円柱状レンズの幅は、前記横方向の2つの画素の幅の整数倍であることを特徴とする請求項9の液晶表示装置。
- 前記アレイ基板と前記バックライトユニットとの間、又は、前記カラーフィルタ基板の液晶層側と逆の表面側に、複数の半円柱状レンズのアレイを含む光制御素子をさらに具備し、
前記複数の半円柱状レンズの長手方向は、前記横方向と直角であることを特徴とする請求項1の液晶表示装置。 - 前記液晶層は垂直配向の液晶分子を含むことを特徴とする請求項1の液晶表示装置。
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- 2013-03-19 WO PCT/JP2013/057884 patent/WO2013157341A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2013-03-19 CN CN201380020568.3A patent/CN104246587B/zh active Active
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KR101632526B1 (ko) | 2016-06-21 |
EP2840432A1 (en) | 2015-02-25 |
BR112014025880A2 (ja) | 2017-06-20 |
CN104246587B (zh) | 2017-10-24 |
CN104246587A (zh) | 2014-12-24 |
WO2013157341A1 (ja) | 2013-10-24 |
US20150035873A1 (en) | 2015-02-05 |
TWI490550B (zh) | 2015-07-01 |
IN2014DN08747A (ja) | 2015-05-22 |
EP2840432A4 (en) | 2015-04-15 |
BR112014025880A8 (pt) | 2017-07-25 |
EP2840432B1 (en) | 2018-08-08 |
US9508293B2 (en) | 2016-11-29 |
TW201350913A (zh) | 2013-12-16 |
JPWO2013157341A1 (ja) | 2015-12-21 |
KR20140140587A (ko) | 2014-12-09 |
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