JP5829672B2 - 結腸直腸及び胃腸癌の予防 - Google Patents
結腸直腸及び胃腸癌の予防 Download PDFInfo
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Description
本願は、仮出願第61/317,245号(2010年3月24日出願)の35 U.S.C. § 119(e)下の利益を主張し、その内容がその全体において参照により組み入れられる。
配列リストを本明細書と同時に提出する。
本開示は、とりわけ、被験者にプロガストリンに特異的な抗体を含む組成物を投与することにより、腺腫性ポリープを発生する素因のある被験者において結腸直腸及び/又は胃腸癌を防止する方法に向けられる。
結腸直腸癌(「CRC」)を含む、胃腸管の癌は、毎年数十万の個人に影響を及ぼし、数万人のCRCに関連する死亡が米国だけで毎年生じる。Rustgi, 2010, "The genetics of hereditary colon cancer," Genes & Development 21: 2525-2538を参照のこと。CRCは様々な様式で起こりうるが、その1つは悪性腫瘍への腺腫性ポリープの形質転換である。腺腫性ポリポーシスは、家族性腺腫性ポリポーシス(「FAP」)を伴う個人についての症例と同様に、遺伝しうるか、又は、それは散発的でありうる。FAP又は散発性腺腫性ポリポーシスを伴う個人は、小腸、結腸、及び/又は直腸における腺腫性ポリープの形成に関連付けられる大腸腺腫性ポリポーシス(「APC」)腫瘍抑制遺伝子の突然変異を保有する。これらのポリープは、次に、結腸直腸及び胃腸癌に発展することができる。散発性腺腫性ポリポーシス、CRCの多くの例の根底にある非遺伝性状態の場合において、APC遺伝子が体細胞において突然変異している。散発性腺腫性ポリポーシスを伴う個人は良性ポリープを発生し、その一部は、その後、悪性癌に形質転換しうる。
本開示は、腺腫性ポリープを発生する素因のある動物(ヒトを含む)において胃腸癌(CRCを含む)を防止するために有用な方法及び組成物を提供する。下に記載する通り、本願は、プロガストリン(「PG」)に結合すると考えられる処置計画を示し、PGの生物学的活性を中和する明らかな能力を伴い、それらは、上部胃腸管においてCRC又は癌を発生する増加した可能性を有するが、しかし、まだ発生していない被験者において有用である。出願において記載する種々の発明は、抗PG抗体が、FAPのモデルマウスにおいて胃腸腫瘍の発生を防止するという出願者の発見に部分的に基づく。操作の任意の理論により拘束されることを意図しないが、身体においてPGに結合し、他のタンパク質とのその相互作用に干渉することは、腺腫性ポリープが悪性腫瘍に発展することを防止すると考えられる。
7.1 家族性及び散発性腺腫性ポリポーシスにおける癌
家族性腺腫性ポリポーシス(FAP)は、APC遺伝子の1つの対立遺伝子での生殖細胞突然変異に関連付けられる稀な遺伝性状態である。APC遺伝子の多数の突然変異がFAPを伴う被験者においてマッピングされており、突然変異の多くが切断タンパク質をもたらす。例えば、Rustgi, 2010, "The genetics of hereditary colon cancer," Genes & Development 21: 2525-2538;Groves et al., 2002, "Duodenal cancer in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP): results of a 10 year prospective study," Gut 50: 636-641を参照のこと。APCにおけるこれらの突然変異は、変動する重症度のFAPに関連付けられる。
本開示は、腺腫性ポリープを発生する素因のある患者においてCRCを含む、胃腸癌を防止する方法を提供する。一般的に、方法は、そのような患者に、治療的利益を提供するために効果的な1つ又は複数の抗PG抗体の量を投与することを含む。抗PG抗体は一般的に、及び方法において有用な特異的抗PG抗体が、後のセクションにおいて詳細に記載される。
本開示の方法において有用な抗PG抗体を、組成物中で製剤化することができる。場合により、組成物は、1つ又は複数の追加薬剤(例えば上に記載する第2薬剤など)を含むことができる。組成物は、医薬的に許容可能な担体を通例含む無菌の医薬的組成物の部分として通常供給される。この組成物は、任意の適した形態にすることができる(個人へのその投与の所望の方法に依存して)。
・ 第2の治療用薬剤(例えば、上に記載する);
・ 抗PG抗体組成物を投与するためのデバイス(例えば、ペン、ニードル、及び/又はシリンジ);及び
・ 抗体が凍結乾燥形態である場合、抗体を再懸濁するための医薬品グレードの水又は緩衝剤
の1つ又は複数を含むパッケージである。
本開示の抗PG抗体は、治療的利益を提供するために十分な又は効果的な量で被験者に投与される。胃腸癌(CRCを含む)を防止する状況において、腺腫性ポリープを発生する素因のある被験者において、治療的利益が、以下の1つ又は複数が達成される場合に推察されうる:被験者におけるポリープの数及び/又はサイズにおける低下又は増加の欠如;悪性腫瘍の非存在(被験者がポリープを有する又は有した場所を含む);血漿又は血清PGレベルにおける低下又は増加の欠如;スピーゲルマンの分類に従った、ポリポーシスのより進行したステージからポリポーシスのあまり進行していないステージへの退行(例、ステージIVからステージIII、ステージIIIからステージII、ステージIIからステージIへの退行);スピーゲルマンのステージIVポリポーシスから胃腸癌への進行の欠如。抗PG抗体を含む医薬的組成物は、効果的な投与量で個人(例、ヒト被験者)に投与することができる。
操作の任意の特定の理論により拘束されることを望まないが、PGの上昇レベルは、腺腫性ポリープの良性から悪性への形質転換に関連すると考えられる。下の実施例6に示す通り、複数のポリープを伴う被験者が上昇したPGレベルを有したのに対し、ポリープを有さなかった被験者は、血清PGの低い又は検出不可能なレベルを有した。この観察に基づき、PGの血漿及び/又は血清レベルを使用して、経過観察又は処置のために患者を特定する、ならびに処置を受けている患者において予防の有効性をモニターすることができる。
本明細書に開示する方法において有用な抗体は、ガストリン遺伝子の他の産物を上回りプロガストリンに特異的に結合するものである。図1を参照し、ヒトガストリン遺伝子は、101アミノ酸ポリペプチド(プレプロガストリンと呼ばれる)に翻訳され、それは、切断されて、ヒトプロガストリン(80アミノ酸ポリペプチド)を生じるシグナル配列(下線)を含む。プロガストリンは、順に、切断されて、34アミノ酸産物(配列において、プロガストリンの残基38−71に対応する)を生成し、それは、次に、グリシン残基を用いてそのカルボキシ末端で伸長されて、グリシン伸長G34(「G34−Gly」)を生成する。この切断の副産物は、6アミノ酸ペプチド(C末端隣接ペプチド、又はCTFPと呼ばれる)であり、それは、配列において、プロガストリンの残基75−80に対応する。G34−Glyは、次に、さらに切断されて、配列において、プロガストリンの残基55−71に対応し、G17−Glyとして言及される17残基ポリペプチドを生成する。G34−Gly及びG17−GlyのC末端グリシンの除去、それに続くC末端アミド化は、それぞれG34及びG17をもたらし、それらの両方がC末端アミド化されている。
(a)配列において、MAb1、MAb2、MAb3、MAb4、MAb15、MAb16、MAb17、MAb18、MAb19、又はMAb20のVL CDRに対応するVL CDR、及び、配列において、MAb1、MAb2、MAb3、MAb4、MAb15、MAb16、MAb17、MAb18、MAb19、又はMAb20のVH CDRに対応するVH CDRを有する抗体;
(b)配列において、MAb1、MAb2、MAb3、MAb4、MAb15、MAb16、MAb17、MAb18、MAb19、又はMAb20のVL及びVH CDRに対応するVL CDR及びVH CDRを有する抗体;
(c)抗体、それにおいて:
(i)VL CDR 1はQSIVHSNGNTY(「VL CDR 1.3」;配列番号4)、QSLVHSSGVTY(「VL CDR 1.4」;配列番号10)、QSLLDSDGKTY(「VL CDR 1.16」;配列番号50)、及びSQHRTYT(「VL CDR 1.19」;配列番号51)より選択される;
(ii)VL CDR2はKVS(「VL CDR 2.3」及び(「VL CDR 2.4」;配列番号5)、LVS(「VL CDR 2.16」;配列番号53)、及びVKKDGSH(「VL CDR 2.19」;配列番号54)より選択される;
(iii)VL CDR3はFQGSHVPFT(「VL CDR 3.3」;配列番号6)、SQSTHVPPT(「VL CDR 3.4」;配列番号11)、WQGTHSPYT(「VL CDR 3.16」;配列番号57)、及びGVGDAIKGQSVFV(「VL CDR 3.19」;配列番号58)より選択される;
(iv)VH CDR1はGYIFTSYW(「VH CDR 1.3」;配列番号1)、GYTFSSSW(「VH CDR 1.4」;配列番号7)、GYTFTSYY(「VH CDR 1.16」;配列番号39)、及びGYSITSDYA(「VH CDR 1.19」;配列番号40)より選択される;
(v)VH CDR2はFYPGNSDS(「VH CDR 2.3」;配列番号2)、FLPGSGST(「VH CDR 2.4」;配列番号8)、INPSNGGT(「VH CDR 2.16」;配列番号43)、及びISFSGYT(「VH CDR 2.19」;配列番号44)より選択される;及び
(vi)VH CDR3はTRRDSPQY(「VH CDR 3.3」;配列番号3)、ATDGNYDWFAY(「VH CDR 3.4」配列番号9)、TRGGYYPFDY(「VH CDR 3.16」;配列番号47)、及びAREVNYGDSYHFDY(「VH CDR 3.19」;配列番号48)より選択される;
(d)配列において、MAb1、MAb2、MAb3、MAb4、MAb15、MAb16、MAb17、MAb18、MAb19、又はMAb20のVLに対応するVL、及び、配列において、MAb1、MAb2、MAb3、MAb4、MAb15、MAb16、MAb17、MAb18、MAb19、又はMAb20のVHに対応するVHを有する抗体;及び
(e)配列において、MAb1、MAb2、MAb3、MAb4、MAb15、MAb16、MAb17、MAb18、MAb19、又はMAb20のVL及びVHに対応するVL及びVHを有する抗体。
(a)配列において、MAb5、MAb6、MAb7、MAb8、MAb9、MAb10、MAb11、MAb12、MAb13、MAb14、MAb21、MAb22、又はMAb23のVL CDRに対応するVL CDR、及び、配列において、MAb5、MAb6、MAb7、MAb8、MAb9、MAb10、MAb11、MAb12、MAb13、MAb14、MAb21、MAb22、又はMAb23のVH CDRに対応するVH CDRを有する抗体;
(b)配列において、MAb5、MAb6、MAb7、MAb8、MAb9、MAb10、MAb11、MAb12、MAb13、MAb14、MAb21、MAb22、又はMAb23のVL及びVH CDRに対応するVL CDR及びVH CDRを有する抗体;
(c)抗体、それにおいて:
(i)VL CDR1はKSLRHTKGITF(「VL CDR 1.8」;配列番号49)及びQSLLDSDGKTY(「VL CDR 1.13」;配列番号50)より選択される;
(ii)VL CDR2はQMS(「VL CDR 2.8」;配列番号52)及び LVS(「VL CDR 2.13」;配列番号53)より選択される;
(iii)VL CDR3はAQNLELPLT(「VL CDR 3.8」;配列番号55)及びWQGTHFPQT(「VL CDR 3.13」;配列番号56)より選択される;
(iv)VH CDR1はGFTFTTYA(「VH CDR 1.8」;配列番号37)及びGFIFSSYG(「VH CDR 1.13」;配列番号38)より選択される;
(v)VH CDR2はISSGGTYT(「VH CDR 2.8」;配列番号41)及びINTFGDRT(「VH CDR 2.13」;配列番号42)より選択される;及び
(vi)VH CDR3はATQGNYSLDF(「VH CDR 3.8」;配列番号45)及びARGTGTY(「VH CDR 3.13」;配列番号46)より選択される;
(d)配列において、MAb5、MAb6、MAb7、MAb8、MAb9、MAb10、MAb11、MAb12、MAb13、MAb14、MAb21、MAb22、又はMAb23のVLに対応するVL、及び、配列において、MAb5、MAb6、MAb7、MAb8、MAb9、MAb10、MAb11、MAb12、MAb13、MAb14、MAb21、MAb22、又はMAb23のVHに対応するVHを有する抗体;及び
(e)配列において、MAb5、MAb6、MAb7、MAb8、MAb9、MAb10、MAb11、MAb12、MAb13、MAb14、MAb21、MAb22、又はMAb23のVL及びVHに対応するVL及びVHを有する抗体。
(a)本明細書に開示される任意の3つのVL CDR及び任意の3つのVH CDR;
(b)配列番号21に対応するアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域及び配列番号22に対応するアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖可変領域;
(c)配列番号23に対応するアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域及び配列番号24に対応するアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖可変領域;
(d)配列番号75、77、及び79からなる群より選択されるアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域ならびに配列番号76及び78からなる群より選択されるアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖可変領域;
(e)配列番号80及び82からなる群より選択されるアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域ならびに配列番号81及び83からなる群より選択されるアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖可変領域;
(f)配列番号84、86、及び88からなる群より選択されるアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域ならびに配列番号85、87、及び89からなる群より選択されるアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖可変領域;及び
(g)配列番号90、92、及び94からなる群より選択されるアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域ならびに配列番号91、93、及び95からなる群より選択されるアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖可変領域。
本明細書に記載する方法において有用な抗PG抗体は、標準的な周知の方法を使用して得てもよい。本明細書に記載する方法において有用な抗PG抗体を発現するために、部分又は全長の軽及び重鎖をコードするDNAを発現ベクター中に挿入し、遺伝子が、転写及び翻訳制御配列に操作的に結合されるようにする。この状況において、用語「操作的に結合される」は、抗体遺伝子がベクター中に連結され、ベクター内の転写及び翻訳制御配列が、抗体遺伝子の転写及び翻訳を調節するそれらの意図される機能を果たすようにすることを意味することを意図する。発現ベクター及び発現制御配列を選び、使用する発現宿主細胞と適合させる。抗体軽鎖遺伝子及び抗体重鎖遺伝子を別々のベクター中に挿入することができる。又は、より典型的には、両方の遺伝子を同じ発現ベクター中に挿入する。
8.1 実施例1:血漿又は血清PGレベルの定量化
PGの血漿及び/又は血清レベルは、以下のアッセイを使用して便利に決定することができる。96ウェルマイクロタイタープレートを、0.5〜10μg/mLのC末端抗hPG抗体、例えば、ウサギC末端抗hPGポリクローナル抗体、又はC末端抗hPG抗体(本明細書に記載する)を用いてコーティングし、次に、一晩インキュベートする。プレートを、次に、PBS−TWEEN(0.05%)中で3回洗浄し、PBS−TWEEN(0.05%)中の2%(w/v)脱脂乾燥ミルクを用いてブロックする。別々に、テストサンプル、コントロールサンプル(ブランク又はPG陰性血漿又は血清サンプル)、及び約5pM(0.5×10−11M)〜約0.1nM(1×10−10M)のhPG参照基準(PG陰性血漿又は血清中で希釈した凍結乾燥hPG)を適切な希釈剤(例、PBS−TWEEN 0.05%)中で調製する。サンプルを、コーティングしたプレート上で2〜4時間にわたり37℃で、又は、あるいは、12〜16時間21℃でインキュベートする。インキュベーション後、プレートを、PBS−TWEEN(0.05%)を用いて3回洗浄し、0.001〜0.1μg/mLのN末端抗hPG抗体、例えば、ポリクローナルN末端抗hPG抗体又はN末端モノクローナル抗hPG抗体(本明細書に記載する)を用いてインキュベートし、21℃で30分間にわたり西洋ワサビペルオキシダーゼ(HRP)(Nakane et al., 1974, J. Histochem. Cytochem. 22(12): 1084-1091を参照のこと)に共役させる。プレートを次にPBS−TWEEN(0.05%)中で3回洗浄し、HRP基質を21℃で15分間にわたり加える。反応を、100μLの0.5M硫酸を加えることにより停止させ、光学密度測定値を405nmで取る。テストサンプルhPGレベルを、hPG参照基準に由来する測定値から構築された標準曲線との比較により決定する。
抗hPG抗体の特異性を、以下の通りにELISAアッセイを使用して便利に決定することができる。96ウェルプレートを、リン酸緩衝生理食塩水(PBS)中の適切な濃度のテストポリペプチド(例、25及び50ngの組換えヒトPG、ならびに50及び250ngのCTFP又は他のガストリン由来の遺伝子産物)を用いて4℃で一晩インキュベートした。その後、ウェルを、洗浄溶液(PBS及び0.1%TWEEN−20)を用いて3回洗浄し、次に1ウェル当たり100μLのブロッキング溶液(PBS、0.1%TWEEN−20、0.1%ウシ血清アルブミン又はカゼイン加水分解物)を用いて22℃で2時間にわたりインキュベートした。ブロッキング後、ウェルを3回洗浄し、アッセイする抗体(テスト抗体)を加える。100μLのPBS中のテスト抗体(0.3〜1ng/mL)及び0.1%TWEEN−20を各ウェルに加える。プレートを次に22℃で2時間にわたりインキュベートし、その後、テスト抗体溶液を捨て、洗浄工程(3×100μLの洗浄溶液、上に記述する通り)後、二次抗体、西洋ワサビペルオキシダーゼに共役させたヤギ抗マウスIgG(Fc)抗体を含むブロッキング溶液を用いて置換する。二次抗体を用いた1時間のインキュベーション後、100μLの基質溶液(例、Fast OPD、又はO−フェニレンジアミン二塩酸塩、Sigma-Aldrich Co.から入手可能、製造者の指示に従って調製した)を各ウェルに加え、暗所で、22℃で20分間にわたりインキュベートした。反応は、50μLの4N硫酸を加えることにより停止させ、触媒された基質の量を、492nmでの光学密度(OD)を測定することにより決定する。基質変換は、抗原に結合した一次(テスト)抗体の量に比例する。実験を2通りに実行し、OD測定値を抗原濃度の関数としてプロットする。テスト抗体は、測定されたODがhPGについて0.2〜1.5の間であり、CTFP又は他のガストリン遺伝子由来ペプチドのいずれかを用いて、バックグラウンドを上回る統計的に有意なシグナルがない場合、PGについて特異的であるとスコア化される(ここで、バックグラウンドはPBSだけを含むコントロールウェルからの平均シグナルである)。
特異的な抗hPG抗体が中和性であるか否かを評価するための特定のテストを、以下の通りに実行することができる。LS174T細胞を6ウェルプレートの6ウェル中に約50,000個細胞/ウェルで播種する。細胞を、次に、テスト抗hPG抗体又はコントロール抗体を用いて、約5μg/mLの抗体濃度で48時間にわたり12時間間隔で処理する。テスト抗体は、テスト抗体を用いて処理した細胞の数が、コントロールの非特異的抗体を用いて処理した細胞の数と比較して、生存細胞の数における少なくとも10%の統計的に有意な低下を示す場合(両側マン・ホイットニー検定(差は、p<0.05の場合に有意と考えられる)を使用する)、アッセイにおいて中和性であるとして定義される。全細胞数は、処理期間の開始時での細胞数について補正され、T0として言及される。
抗hPG抗体の親和性定数は、Proteon Technique(BioRad)を使用して、Nahshol et al., 2008, Analytical Biochemistry 383: 52-60(その全体において参照により本明細書により組み入れられる)に従って測定することができる。簡単には、マウス抗PG抗体について、抗マウスIgG抗体(50μg/mL)を最初にセンサーチップ上にコーティングし、抗体の注射後にチップにより検出されたシグナルが10,000〜11,500応答単位(RU)の間に入ることを確認する。目的のマウス抗hPG抗体(テスト抗体)を次に注射する(30μg/mLの典型的な濃度で)。テスト抗体が十分に結合する場合、少なくとも500RUの追加シグナルが観察される。テスト抗体とhPGの間での結合の時間経過を、次に、hPGの変動濃度、例えば、200nM、100nM、50nM、25nM、及び12.5nMを注射し、結合のレベルを検出することにより得る。典型的には、いくつかのチャンネルが、単一の実験において並行して複数の抗体をテストするために利用可能であり、hPGの異なる濃度で並行して単一のテスト抗体の結合をアッセイすることを可能にする。1つのチャネルを、非特異的結合についてのコントロールとして、hPGに特異的ではないマウスモノクローナル抗体を用いて注射すべきである。別のチャネルを、バックグラウンドシグナルについてのベースラインとして、希釈緩衝液単独を用いて注射すべきである。一般的に、結合は、非特異的マウス抗体を用いて注射したチャネルにおいて検出可能ではない。この設定において高レベルの結合を示す抗体は、hPGによる捕捉モノクローナル抗体の飽和をもたらしうるが、より低いhPG濃度(50nM、25nM、12.5nM、6.25nM、及び3.125nM)に対してテストすることができ、より洗練された測定を可能にする。
目的の抗体(テスト抗体)が、hPG結合について、ビオチン化参照抗hPG抗体と競合するか否かを評価するための特定のアッセイを、以下の通りに実施することができる。96ウェルプレートを、捕捉抗hPG抗体(ビオチン化参照抗hPG抗体により認識されるエピトープとは異なるhPGのN又はC末端領域を認識するポリクローナル又はモノクローナル抗体)を用いて、1〜10μg/mLの範囲内で選ばれる濃度で、4℃で一晩コーティングする(0.1〜1μg/ウェル)。22℃で2時間にわたるブロッキングバッファー(PBS中の0.1% TWEEN−20、0.1%BSA)を用いたブロッキング後、組換えhPGを、10pM〜1nM(10〜1000pg/ウェル)の間の範囲の濃度で加え、22℃で2時間にわたりインキュベートする。その後、ビオチン化参照抗hPG抗体(又はビオチン化参照抗hPG抗体を含む混合物)を、増加濃度の非標識テスト抗体濃度と共に加え、22℃で1時間にわたりインキュベートする。非結合抗体を除去するための洗浄後、結合した標識参照抗hPG抗体の検出を、混合物を、50ng/mlのストレプトアビジン(steptavidin)−HRPと22℃で1時間にわたりインキュベートすることにより実施し、22℃で5分間にわたる西洋ワサビペルオキシダーゼ用の蛍光基質とのインキュベーション、及び、次に、ルミノメーターにおける相対的な光単位(RLU)の定量化が続く。アッセイを2通りに実施する。
Ki=IC50/(1+([参照抗hPG Ab濃度]/KD 参照抗hPG Ab))
に従って算出される。式中、「IC50」は、参照抗体の結合における50%低下をもたらすテスト抗体の濃度であり、KD 参照抗hPG Abは参照抗hPG抗体の解離定数(hPGについてのその親和性の測定値)である。参照抗hPG抗体(例えば、本明細書に記載する抗hPG抗体の1つ)と競合する有用なテスト抗体は、典型的には、本明細書に記載するアッセイ条件下で10pM〜100nMの範囲のKiを有する。
この実施例は、上昇した血清PGレベルが、FAPを伴う個人におけるポリープの存在と相関しうることを示す。
血清PGレベルを、実施例1に記載する通りに、家族性腺腫性ポリポーシスを伴う6人の患者からのサンプルにおいて定量化した。血清サンプルを、以下の特徴を伴う患者から得た:
・ 2人の個人(A及びB)(両者とも55歳以上、結腸切除を以前に受けている、内視鏡検査により定期的にモニターされた、ポリープが手術以降に検出されていない)。
・ 1人の個人(C)(年齢30歳、結腸切除及びさらなるポリープを除去するための経過観察での手術を以前に受けている)。個人は、血液サンプルを回収する数ヶ月前に手術を受けていた。
・ 1人の個人(D)(年齢27歳、結腸切除を以前に受けている、血液サンプルを回収した時に小腸において複数のポリープを提示した(しかし、癌はない))。
・ 1人の個人(E)(年齢52歳、結腸切除を以前に受けている、血液サンプルを回収した時に結腸において複数のポリープを提示した)。
・ 1人の個人(F)(年齢10歳、血液サンプルを回収した時に複数の結腸直腸ポリープを提示した)。
下の表5に示す結果は、平均PG濃度±標準偏差(pM)として表現する:
この実施例は、散発性腺腫性ポリポーシスを伴う個人の25パーセント超が、増加した血清PGレベルを有することを実証する。
PGレベルを2つの異なるサンプルセットにおいて測定した:FAPを伴う被験者において見出されうる数と同様の、複数の腺腫性ポリープを有する25人の個人から得られたサンプルの第1セット、及び45〜65歳の年齢の範囲の104人の個人から回収した、血漿バンクからのサンプルの第2セット。血漿プロガストリンレベルを、ELISA法を使用して定量化した(実施例1において上に記載する通り)。
試験した腺腫性ポリープを伴う被験者の23%(12/52)が、50pMを上回るプロガストリンレベルを有した。比較により、血液バンク群における/からの被験者の16.3%(17/104)が、50pMを上回るPGレベルを有した。サンプルがバンク化された個人の病歴は未知である。健康な個人はPGの低いレベルを有し、典型的には50pMを超えない。例えば、Siddheshwar et al., 2001, "Plasma levels of progastrin but not amidated gastrin or glycine extended gastrin are elevated in patients with colorectal carcinoma," Gut 48: 47-52を参照のこと。50pMを上回るレベルは、根底にある病理を示していると考えられる。
この実施例では、インビボでの腫瘍の形成を防止する抗hPG抗体の能力を実証する。
家族性腺腫性ポリポーシス(FAP)を伴う個人において見出されるものと同様の、大腸腺腫性ポリポーシス(APC)遺伝子の対立遺伝子において突然変異を保有するトランスジェニックマウスを、抗hPG抗体を用いて処理した。これらのマウスは、APCΔ14マウスとして言及され、第2の(野生型)APC対立遺伝子が「ヘテロ接合性の消失」(LOH)機構を介して失われた場合、それらの腸において腫瘍を自然に発生する(Colnot et al., 2004, "Colorectal cancers in a new mouse model of familial adenomatous polyposis: influence of genetic and environmental modifiers," Lab Investigation 84: 1619-1630)。第1の検出可能な腫瘍は、2ヶ月齢前後で、3.5ヶ月までに見出されうるが、腫瘍の数は一般的に15〜20前後である。これらの腫瘍はプロガストリンを産生することが示されている。
結果を表6において下に示す。対照抗体を用いて処置したマウスは、合計125個の腫瘍を示し、マウス1匹当たりの平均で31.25個の腫瘍を伴った。抗PG処置マウスは合計46の腫瘍、又は、平均で、7.6の腫瘍/マウスを有する。この差は統計的に有意である(マン・ホイットニー検定、P=0.0095)。
Claims (12)
- 腺腫性ポリープを発生する素因のあるヒト被験者における胃腸癌の発症前の予防のための、抗hPGモノクローナル抗体を含む医薬組成物であって、
抗hPGモノクローナル抗体が、N末端抗hPGモノクローナル抗体又はC末端抗hPGモノクローナル抗体であり、
前記N末端抗hPGモノクローナル抗体が、
a.CDR1が配列番号1のVHCDR1.3のアミノ酸配列を含み、CDR2が配列番号2のVHCDR2.3のアミノ酸配列を含み、かつCDR3が配列番号3のVHCDR3.3のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域と、CDR1が配列番号4のVLCDR1.3のアミノ酸配列を含み、CDR2が配列番号5のVLCDR2.3のアミノ酸配列を含み、かつCDR3が配列番号6のVLCDR3.3のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖可変領域とを含む;
b.CDR1が配列番号7のVHCDR1.4のアミノ酸配列を含み、CDR2が配列番号8のVHCDR2.4のアミノ酸配列を含み、かつCDR3が配列番号9のVHCDR3.4のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域と、CDR1が配列番号10のVLCDR1.4のアミノ酸配列を含み、CDR2が配列番号5のVLCDR2.4のアミノ酸配列を含み、かつCDR3が配列番号11のVLCDR3.4のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖可変領域とを含む;
c.CDR1が配列番号39のVHCDR1.16のアミノ酸配列を含み、CDR2が配列番号43のVHCDR2.16のアミノ酸配列を含み、かつCDR3が配列番号47のVHCDR3.16のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域と、CDR1が配列番号50のVLCDR1.16のアミノ酸配列を含み、CDR2が配列番号53のVLCDR2.16のアミノ酸配列を含み、かつCDR3が配列番号57のVLCDR3.16のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖可変領域とを含む;又は
d.CDR1が配列番号40のVHCDR1.19のアミノ酸配列を含み、CDR2が配列番号44のVHCDR2.19のアミノ酸配列を含み、かつCDR3が配列番号48のVHCDR3.19のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域と、CDR1が配列番号51のVLCDR1.19のアミノ酸配列を含み、CDR2が配列番号54のVLCDR2.19のアミノ酸配列を含み、かつCDR3が配列番号58のVLCDR3.19のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖可変領域とを含み、
前記C末端抗hPGモノクローナル抗体が、
a.CDR1が配列番号37のVHCDR1.8のアミノ酸配列を含み、CDR2が配列番号41のVHCDR2.8のアミノ酸配列を含み、かつCDR3が配列番号45のVHCDR3.8のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域と、CDR1が配列番号49のVLCDR1.8のアミノ酸配列を含み、CDR2が配列番号52のVLCDR2.8のアミノ酸配列を含み、かつCDR3が配列番号55のVLCDR3.8のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖可変領域とを含む;又は
b.CDR1が配列番号38のVHCDR1.13のアミノ酸配列を含み、CDR2が配列番号42のVHCDR2.13のアミノ酸配列を含み、かつCDR3が配列番号46のVHCDR3.13のアミノ酸配列を含む重鎖可変領域と、CDR1が配列番号50のVLCDR1.13のアミノ酸配列を含み、CDR2が配列番号53のVLCDR2.13のアミノ酸配列を含み、かつCDR3が配列番号56のVLCDR3.13のアミノ酸配列を含む軽鎖可変領域とを含む、医薬組成物。 - 抗hPGモノクローナル抗体が、ヒト化抗hPGモノクローナル抗体である、請求項1記載の医薬組成物。
- N末端抗hPGモノクローナル抗体の免疫原が、配列SWKPRSQQPDAPLG(配列番号25)を有するペプチドを含む免疫原である、請求項1記載の医薬組成物。
- N末端抗hPGモノクローナル抗体が、配列において、配列番号12、14、61又は62のVHCDRに対応する3つのVHCDR、及び配列において、配列番号13、15、65又は66のVLCDRに対応する3つのVLCDRを含む参照抗体とhPG結合について競合する、請求項1記載の医薬組成物。
- C末端抗hPGモノクローナル抗体の免疫原が、配列QGPWLEEEEEAYGWMDFGRRSAEDEN(配列番号27)を有するペプチドを含む免疫原である、請求項1記載の医薬組成物。
- C末端抗hPGモノクローナル抗体が、配列において、配列番号59又は60のVHCDRに対応する3つのVHCDR、及び配列において、配列番号63又は64のVLCDRに対応する3つのVLCDRを含む参照抗体とhPG結合について競合する、請求項1記載の医薬組成物。
- 被験者が、腺腫性ポリープに関連付けられるAPC遺伝子における突然変異を有する、請求項1記載の医薬組成物。
- 被験者が、家族性腺腫性ポリポーシスを有する、請求項1記載の医薬組成物。
- 被験者が、散発性腺腫性ポリポーシスを有する、請求項1記載の医薬組成物。
- 腺腫性ポリープを含む組織の外科的切除に対して補助的に用いられる、請求項1記載の医薬組成物。
- 化学療法に対して補助的に用いられる、請求項1記載の医薬組成物。
- 非ステロイド性抗炎症薬を用いた処置に対して補助的に用いられる、請求項1記載の医薬組成物。
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PCT/EP2011/001448 WO2011116954A2 (en) | 2010-03-24 | 2011-03-23 | Prophylaxis of colorectal and gastrointestinal cancer |
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EP (1) | EP2550294B1 (ja) |
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CN (1) | CN103003304B (ja) |
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CN102791735B (zh) * | 2009-10-16 | 2016-05-18 | 瑟维尔实验室 | 抗前胃泌素的单克隆抗体及其用途 |
NZ606195A (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2015-02-27 | Servier Lab | Methods and compositions for liver cancer therapy |
US9410955B2 (en) * | 2011-06-01 | 2016-08-09 | Inserm (Institut National De La Sante Et De La Recherche Medicale) | Method for predicting the risk of developing a colonic neoplasia |
DK2846809T3 (da) | 2012-05-09 | 2021-01-18 | Cantex Pharmaceuticals Inc | Behandling af myelosuppression |
CN114621346A (zh) * | 2013-08-21 | 2022-06-14 | 德克萨斯州大学系统董事会 | 用于靶向连接蛋白半通道的组合物和方法 |
US10052346B2 (en) | 2015-02-17 | 2018-08-21 | Cantex Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes with 2-O and,or 3-O desulfated heparinoids |
AU2017204686B2 (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2020-04-30 | Progastrine Et Cancers S.À R.L. | Compositions and methods for detecting and treating esophageal cancer |
US11085924B2 (en) | 2015-12-31 | 2021-08-10 | Syncerus S.À. R.L. | Compositions and methods for assessing the risk of cancer occurrence |
EP3954998A1 (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2022-02-16 | Progastrine et Cancers S.à r.l. | Compositions and methods for detecting and treating gastric cancer |
KR102428254B1 (ko) | 2015-12-31 | 2022-08-03 | 프로가스트린 에 캔서스 에스.에이 알.엘. | 난소암의 검출 및 치료를 위한 조성물 및 방법 |
KR102351556B1 (ko) | 2017-03-30 | 2022-01-14 | 프로가스트린 에 캔서스 에스.에이 알.엘. | 프로가스트린 결합 분자를 사용하는 전립선암의 검출 및 치료를 위한 조성물 및 방법 |
CN110662967A (zh) | 2017-03-30 | 2020-01-07 | Ecs前胃泌素股份有限公司 | 用于检测肺癌的组合物和方法 |
JP7104153B2 (ja) * | 2017-12-05 | 2022-07-20 | プロガストリン、エ、カンセル、エス、アー エル、エル | 癌を治療するための抗プロガストリン抗体と免疫療法の併用療法 |
CN112004560A (zh) | 2017-12-08 | 2020-11-27 | Ecs生物识别系统有限公司 | 癌症诊断中的放射性标记的前胃液素 |
WO2019145537A1 (en) | 2018-01-26 | 2019-08-01 | Ecs-Progastrin Sa | Combination of progastrin detection with other cancer biomarkers in cancer diagnosis |
KR102699073B1 (ko) | 2018-02-27 | 2024-08-26 | 이씨에스-프로가스트린 에스에이 | 면역치료요법용 생체표지자로서 프로가스트린 |
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WO2008076454A1 (en) * | 2006-12-19 | 2008-06-26 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Texas System | Immunogenic compositions comprising progastrin and uses thereof |
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CN102791735B (zh) * | 2009-10-16 | 2016-05-18 | 瑟维尔实验室 | 抗前胃泌素的单克隆抗体及其用途 |
US9217032B2 (en) * | 2010-01-08 | 2015-12-22 | Les Laboratoires Servier | Methods for treating colorectal cancer |
JP2013520473A (ja) * | 2010-02-26 | 2013-06-06 | ベーリンガー インゲルハイム インターナショナル ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング | 医薬組成物用のMnk1/Mnk2阻害活性を有するハロゲン又はシアノ置換されたチエノ[2,3−d]ピリミジン |
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EA036967B1 (ru) | 2021-01-20 |
SG184092A1 (en) | 2012-10-30 |
BR112012024036B1 (pt) | 2020-03-03 |
US20150071912A1 (en) | 2015-03-12 |
EP2550294A2 (en) | 2013-01-30 |
PL2550294T3 (pl) | 2020-03-31 |
ES2754774T3 (es) | 2020-04-20 |
AU2011231978B2 (en) | 2014-12-18 |
WO2011116954A2 (en) | 2011-09-29 |
WO2011116954A3 (en) | 2013-04-25 |
KR20130010050A (ko) | 2013-01-24 |
CN103003304A (zh) | 2013-03-27 |
CA2793647A1 (en) | 2011-09-29 |
KR101570404B1 (ko) | 2015-11-20 |
BR112012024036A2 (pt) | 2017-07-18 |
CA2793647C (en) | 2020-09-01 |
US20170233469A1 (en) | 2017-08-17 |
CN103003304B (zh) | 2016-03-09 |
JP2013527140A (ja) | 2013-06-27 |
NZ602992A (en) | 2014-11-28 |
EA201201324A1 (ru) | 2013-08-30 |
US10370444B2 (en) | 2019-08-06 |
EP2550294B1 (en) | 2019-08-21 |
AU2011231978A1 (en) | 2012-10-11 |
WO2011116954A8 (en) | 2013-02-21 |
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