JP5827505B2 - Joining method of fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin - Google Patents

Joining method of fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin Download PDF

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Publication number
JP5827505B2
JP5827505B2 JP2011150100A JP2011150100A JP5827505B2 JP 5827505 B2 JP5827505 B2 JP 5827505B2 JP 2011150100 A JP2011150100 A JP 2011150100A JP 2011150100 A JP2011150100 A JP 2011150100A JP 5827505 B2 JP5827505 B2 JP 5827505B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
fiber
thermoplastic resin
reinforced thermoplastic
joining
bonded
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JP2011150100A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2013014113A (en
Inventor
章亘 佐々木
章亘 佐々木
崇寛 林
崇寛 林
仁志 北村
仁志 北村
秀利 園田
秀利 園田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd
Toyobo Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd
Toyobo Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2011150100A priority Critical patent/JP5827505B2/en
Publication of JP2013014113A publication Critical patent/JP2013014113A/en
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Publication of JP5827505B2 publication Critical patent/JP5827505B2/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
    • B29C65/0609—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding characterised by the movement of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/0618—Linear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1403—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the type of electromagnetic or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1412—Infrared [IR] radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
    • B29C65/1429—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface
    • B29C65/1432—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation characterised by the way of heating the interface direct heating of the surfaces to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/72—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by combined operations or combined techniques, e.g. welding and stitching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/02—Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
    • B29C66/024—Thermal pre-treatments
    • B29C66/0242—Heating, or preheating, e.g. drying
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7214—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the length of the fibres
    • B29C66/72141—Fibres of continuous length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7377—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline
    • B29C66/73771—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being amorphous
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7377—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline
    • B29C66/73775—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined amorphous, semi-crystalline or crystalline the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being crystalline
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91411—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the parts to be joined, e.g. the joining process taking the temperature of the parts to be joined into account
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • B29C66/9192—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
    • B29C66/91921—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature
    • B29C66/91931—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature in explicit relation to the fusion temperature or melting point of the material of one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/91935—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature in explicit relation to the fusion temperature or melting point of the material of one of the parts to be joined lower than said fusion temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • B29C66/9192—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
    • B29C66/91921—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature
    • B29C66/91941—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature in explicit relation to Tg, i.e. the glass transition temperature, of the material of one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/91945—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature in explicit relation to Tg, i.e. the glass transition temperature, of the material of one of the parts to be joined lower than said glass transition temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/94—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time
    • B29C66/949—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time characterised by specific time values or ranges

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

本発明は、繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂の接合方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a method for joining fiber reinforced thermoplastic resins.

強化繊維に熱可塑性樹脂を含浸してなる繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂を、ビス等の接合部材を使用せずに接合する方法として、振動溶着、熱板溶着、抵抗溶着、超音波溶着等がある。
しかしながら、抵抗溶着は、繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂中に金属線を埋め込む必要があり、超音波溶着は、部材が厚くなると接合不良が生じやすいという問題がある。 As a method for bonding a fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin obtained by impregnating a reinforced fiber with a thermoplastic resin without using a bonding member such as a screw, there are vibration welding, hot plate welding, resistance welding, ultrasonic welding, and the like.
However, resistance welding requires embedding a metal wire in a fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin, and ultrasonic welding has a problem that bonding failure tends to occur when a member becomes thick.

下記特許文献１には、強化繊維が埋没されている熱硬化性樹脂層および強化繊維が埋没されている熱可塑性樹脂層を有する部材と、他の部材とを、熱可塑性樹脂層を溶融させて接合する方法が記載されている。熱可塑性樹脂層を溶融させて接合する手法として、熱溶着、振動溶着、超音波溶着、およびレーザー溶着が一応挙げられているが、これらのうち実施例で用いられている方法は、熱板を用いた熱溶着法だけである。   In the following Patent Document 1, a member having a thermosetting resin layer in which reinforcing fibers are embedded and a thermoplastic resin layer in which reinforcing fibers are embedded and another member are melted in the thermoplastic resin layer. A method of joining is described. Thermal welding, vibration welding, ultrasonic welding, and laser welding are cited as a method for melting and joining the thermoplastic resin layer. Of these, the method used in the examples is a hot plate. Only the heat welding method used.

特開２００５−２９７４１７号公報JP 2005-297417 A

しかしながら、熱板を用いた熱溶着法では、繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂からなる被接合面に熱板を接触させて融点以上に加熱するため、該被接合面において、熱可塑性樹脂が溶け出して強化繊維が浮き出る現象（スプリングバック現象）が生じやすい。被接合面に繊維が浮き出てしまうと、溶着時に接合不良が生じやすい。   However, in the heat welding method using a hot plate, the hot plate is brought into contact with the surface to be joined made of fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin and heated to the melting point or higher, so that the thermoplastic resin is melted and strengthened on the surface to be joined. The phenomenon that the fiber is raised (spring back phenomenon) is likely to occur. If fibers are raised on the surfaces to be joined, poor bonding is likely to occur during welding.

振動溶着は、被接合面どうしを密着させた状態で振動させることにより、摩擦熱で熱可塑性樹脂を溶融させて溶着する方法であるため、上記のスプリングバック現象は生じない。
しかしながら、振動溶着は、接合に要する振動時間が長く、バリが多く発生しやすいという問題がある。「バリ」とは、接合操作により接合界面からはみ出してくるものを指す。 The vibration welding is a method in which the thermoplastic resin is melted and welded by frictional heat by vibrating in a state where the surfaces to be joined are brought into close contact with each other. Therefore, the above spring back phenomenon does not occur.
However, vibration welding has a problem that vibration time required for joining is long and many burrs are likely to occur. “Burr” refers to an object that protrudes from the bonding interface by the bonding operation.

本発明は前記事情に鑑みてなされたもので、スプリングバック現象による接合不良を防止でき、バリの発生量が少ない、繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂の接合方法を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for joining fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resins that can prevent poor joining due to a springback phenomenon and that has a small amount of burrs.

前記課題を解決するために、本発明の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂の接合方法は、強化繊維（Ｆ１）に熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ１）を含浸してなる繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ１）からなる部材に設けられた第１の被接合面と、強化繊維（Ｆ２）に熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ２）を含浸してなる繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ３）からなる部材に設けられた第２の被接合面とを接合する方法であって、
前記繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ１）からなる部材が、強化繊維（Ｆ１）に熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ１）が含浸したテープ状の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂からなる部材であり、前記繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ３）からなる部材が、強化繊維（Ｆ２）に熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ２）が含浸したテープ状の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂からなる部材であり、
（１）前記繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ１）における強化繊維（Ｆ１）の長さが５〜１００ｍｍであり、繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ３）における強化繊維（Ｆ２）の長さが５〜１００ｍｍであり、かつ前記第１の被接合面および前記第２の被接合面の一方または両方が、長さが５〜１００ｍｍ、厚みが３０〜３００μｍ、幅が５〜３０ｍｍからなるテープ状の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂を等方に分散した面であるか、もしくは
（２）前記繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ１）中の強化繊維（Ｆ１）、および／または繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ３）中の強化繊維（Ｆ２）が連続繊維であり、かつ前記第１の被接合面および前記第２の被接合面の一方または両方が、連続繊維からなる強化繊維に熱可塑性樹脂を含浸させた、厚み３０〜３００μｍのテープ状の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂を、繊維の長さ方向が一方向となるように一体化させた基材を１枚以上、強化繊維が所定の方向に配向するように積層した積層物の最表面であり、
前記第１の被接合面および前記第２の被接合面の少なくとも一方を加熱する予備加熱工程と、前記予備加熱工程の後、振動溶着により第１の被接合面と第２の被接合面とを接合する振動溶着工程とを有し、前記予備加熱工程において加熱される被接合面の表面温度が、該被接合面を構成する熱可塑性樹脂が結晶性樹脂の場合には融点以下、非晶性樹脂の場合にはガラス転移温度以下であり、接合後の接合部における２つの部材の合計厚みが、前記２つの部材が一体化される前よりも小さく、その差が前記第１の被接合面および第２の被接合面をそれぞれ構成するテープ状の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂の厚みのいずれか大きい方の厚み以上であることを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin joining method of the present invention is a member made of a fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin (C1) formed by impregnating a reinforced fiber (F1) with a thermoplastic resin (P1). the first and the surface to be bonded, the second joining surface provided in the member made of fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin obtained by impregnating the thermoplastic resin (P2) in the strong fibers (F2) (C3) provided a method of joining the door,
The member made of the fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin (C1) is a member made of a tape-like fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin in which the reinforced fiber (F1) is impregnated with the thermoplastic resin (P1), and the fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin ( The member made of C3) is a member made of a tape-like fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin in which the reinforcing fiber (F2) is impregnated with the thermoplastic resin (P2).
(1) The length of the reinforcing fiber (F1) in the fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin (C1) is 5 to 100 mm, and the length of the reinforcing fiber (F2) in the fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin (C3) is 5 to 100 mm. And tape-like fiber-reinforced heat in which one or both of the first bonded surface and the second bonded surface have a length of 5 to 100 mm, a thickness of 30 to 300 μm, and a width of 5 to 30 mm. The surface of the plastic resin isotropically dispersed, or
(2) The reinforcing fiber (F1) in the fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin (C1) and / or the reinforcing fiber (F2) in the fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin (C3) is a continuous fiber, and the first covered One or both of the bonding surface and the second bonded surface is a tape-like fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin having a thickness of 30 to 300 μm, in which a reinforcing fiber made of continuous fibers is impregnated with a thermoplastic resin, and the length of the fiber. One or more base materials integrated so that the direction becomes one direction, the outermost surface of the laminate laminated so that the reinforcing fibers are oriented in a predetermined direction,
A preheating step of heating at least one of said first joining surface and the second joining surface, after the preheating step, a first joining surface and the second joining surface by vibration welding A vibration welding step for bonding the surface, and the surface temperature of the surface to be bonded heated in the preheating step is less than the melting point when the thermoplastic resin constituting the surface to be bonded is a crystalline resin. Ri der below the glass transition temperature in the case of sexual resin, the total thickness of the two members at the joint portion after bonding, the less than before the two members are integrated, the the difference is the first It is characterized in that it is equal to or larger than the larger one of the thicknesses of the tape-like fiber reinforced thermoplastic resins constituting the joining surface and the second joined surface, respectively .

予備加熱工程において加熱される被接合面の表面温度が、該被接合面を構成する熱可塑性樹脂が結晶性樹脂の場合、融点よりも１００℃低い温度以上であり、非晶性樹脂の場合、ガラス転移温度よりも１００℃低い温度以上であることが好ましい。
予備加熱工程において、被接合面を非接触で加熱する加熱手段を用いることが好ましい。
非接触で加熱する加熱手段が赤外線ヒーターであることが好ましい。
繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ１）における強化繊維（Ｆ１）の体積含有率が１０〜６０％であり、繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ３）における強化繊維（Ｆ２）の体積含有率が１０〜６０％であることが好ましい。 When the surface temperature of the bonded surface heated in the preheating step is a crystalline resin when the thermoplastic resin constituting the bonded surface is a crystalline resin, the surface temperature is 100 ° C. lower than the melting point, and in the case of an amorphous resin, The temperature is preferably at least 100 ° C. lower than the glass transition temperature.
In the preheating step, it is preferable to use a heating means for heating the surfaces to be joined in a non-contact manner.
The heating means for heating without contact is preferably an infrared heater.
The volume content of the reinforcing fiber (F1) in the fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin (C1) is 10 to 60%, and the volume content of the reinforcing fiber (F2) in the fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin (C3) is 10 to 60%. Preferably there is.

熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ１）がポリプロピレンまたはポリアミドであり、熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ２）がポリプロピレンまたはポリアミドであることが好ましい。   It is preferable that the thermoplastic resin (P1) is polypropylene or polyamide, and the thermoplastic resin (P2) is polypropylene or polyamide.

本発明は振動溶着法を利用した方法であって、スプリングバック現象による接合不良を防止でき、接合に要する振動時間が短く、バリの質量が少なく、繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂を接合できる。   The present invention is a method using a vibration welding method, which can prevent bonding failure due to a springback phenomenon, has a short vibration time required for bonding, has a small burr mass, and can bond a fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin.

実施例にかかる予備加熱工程を説明するための斜視図である。It is a perspective view for demonstrating the preheating process concerning an Example. 実施例にかかる予備加熱工程を説明するための模式断面図である。It is a schematic cross section for demonstrating the preheating process concerning an Example. 実施例にかかる、接合後の試験片を模式的に示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows typically the test piece after joining concerning an Example.

＜繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ１）＞
本発明の方法で互いに接合される２つの被接合面のうち、一方（第１の被接合面）は、強化繊維（Ｆ１）に熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ１）を含浸してなる繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ１）からなる部材に設けられている。すなわち、第１の被接合面は、繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ１）からなる面である。
強化繊維（Ｆ１）としては、炭素繊維、アラミド繊維、ガラス繊維等が挙げられる。
強化繊維（Ｆ１）の繊維長は５ｍｍ以上、１００ｍｍ以下、或いは連続繊維が好ましい。強化繊維（Ｆ１）の繊維長が５ｍｍ以上、１００ｍｍ以下の場合、強化繊維（Ｆ１）が、他方（第２の被接合面）の熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ２）に浸透しやすく、及び／または、他方（第２の被接合面）が強化繊維（Ｆ２）に熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ２）を含浸してなる繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ３）からなる場合には、該強化繊維（Ｆ２）と絡み合いやすい。強化繊維（Ｆ１）の繊維長のより好ましい範囲は１０ｍｍ〜５０ｍｍである。 <Fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin (C1)>
Of the two surfaces to be bonded to each other by the method of the present invention, one (first surface to be bonded) is a fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin obtained by impregnating the reinforcing fiber (F1) with the thermoplastic resin (P1). (C1) is provided on the member. That is, the first bonded surface is a surface made of a fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin (C1).
Examples of the reinforcing fiber (F1) include carbon fiber, aramid fiber, and glass fiber.
The fiber length of the reinforcing fiber (F1) is preferably 5 mm or more and 100 mm or less, or continuous fiber. When the fiber length of the reinforcing fiber (F1) is 5 mm or more and 100 mm or less, the reinforcing fiber (F1) easily penetrates into the thermoplastic resin (P2) of the other (second bonded surface) and / or the other When the (second bonded surface) is made of the fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin (C3) obtained by impregnating the reinforcing fiber (F2) with the thermoplastic resin (P2), it is likely to be entangled with the reinforcing fiber (F2). A more preferable range of the fiber length of the reinforcing fiber (F1) is 10 mm to 50 mm.

強化繊維（Ｆ１）の繊維長が５ｍｍ以上、１００ｍｍ以下の場合、繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ１）中の強化繊維（Ｆ１）は、一本一本開繊された状態であってもよく、または束状であってもよい。強化繊維（Ｆ１）が束状の場合には、強化繊維（Ｆ１）に予め熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ１）が含浸したテープ状の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂を、５ｍｍ以上、１００ｍｍ以下に切断した物を用いることが好ましい。テープ状の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂の厚みは３０μｍ以上、３００μｍ以下が好ましい。この範囲であると、強化繊維（Ｆ１）が、他方（第２の被接合面）の熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ２）に浸透しやすく、及び／または、強化繊維（Ｆ２）と絡み合いやすい。テープ状の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂の幅は５ｍｍ以上、３０ｍｍ以下が好ましい。この範囲であると、強化繊維（Ｆ１）が、他方（第２の被接合面）の熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ２）に浸透しやすく、及び／または、強化繊維（Ｆ２）と絡み合いやすい。   When the fiber length of the reinforcing fiber (F1) is 5 mm or more and 100 mm or less, the reinforcing fibers (F1) in the fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin (C1) may be in a state of being opened one by one, or It may be a bundle. When the reinforcing fiber (F1) is in the form of a bundle, a tape-like fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin obtained by impregnating the reinforcing fiber (F1) with the thermoplastic resin (P1) in advance is cut into 5 mm or more and 100 mm or less. It is preferable. The thickness of the tape-like fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin is preferably 30 μm or more and 300 μm or less. Within this range, the reinforcing fiber (F1) tends to penetrate the thermoplastic resin (P2) on the other side (second bonded surface) and / or easily entangle with the reinforcing fiber (F2). The width of the tape-like fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin is preferably 5 mm or more and 30 mm or less. Within this range, the reinforcing fiber (F1) tends to penetrate the thermoplastic resin (P2) on the other side (second bonded surface) and / or easily entangle with the reinforcing fiber (F2).

繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ１）は、熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ１）中に強化繊維（Ｆ１）が等方的に分散しているか、擬似等方的に分散している形態が好ましい。
強化繊維（Ｆ１）の繊維長が５ｍｍ以上、１００ｍｍ以下の場合、第１の被接合面は、長さが５〜１００ｍｍ、厚みが３０〜３００μｍ、幅が５〜３０ｍｍからなるテープ状の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂を等方に分散した面であることが好ましい。 The fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin (C1) preferably has a form in which the reinforcing fibers (F1) are isotropically dispersed or pseudo-isotropically dispersed in the thermoplastic resin (P1).
When the fiber length of the reinforcing fiber (F1) is 5 mm or more and 100 mm or less, the first bonded surface has a tape-like fiber reinforcement having a length of 5 to 100 mm, a thickness of 30 to 300 μm, and a width of 5 to 30 mm. It is preferably a surface in which the thermoplastic resin is isotropically dispersed.

繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ１）中の強化繊維（Ｆ１）が連続繊維の場合、振動溶着時の振動方向が、被接合面における強化繊維（Ｆ１）の長さ方向と同じであることが好ましい。
強化繊維（Ｆ１）の繊維方向（長さ方向）と同じ方向に振動させて振動溶着を行うことにより、強化繊維（Ｆ１）が、他方（第２の被接合面）の熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ２）に浸透しやすく、及び／または、強化繊維（Ｆ２）と絡み合いやすいため、良好な接合強度が得られやすい。
強化繊維（Ｆ１）が連続繊維の場合、第１の被接合面は、連続繊維からなる強化繊維に熱可塑性樹脂を含浸させた、厚みが３０〜３００μｍのテープ状の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂を、繊維の長さ方向が一方向となるように一体化させた基材を１枚以上、強化繊維が所定の方向に配向するように積層した積層物の最表面であることが好ましい。
この場合、振動溶着時の振動方向が、被接合面における強化繊維（Ｆ１）の配向方向（長さ方向）と同じであることが好ましい。 When the reinforcing fiber (F1) in the fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin (C1) is a continuous fiber, it is preferable that the vibration direction during vibration welding is the same as the length direction of the reinforcing fiber (F1) on the bonded surface.
By performing vibration welding by vibrating in the same direction as the fiber direction (length direction) of the reinforcing fiber (F1), the reinforcing fiber (F1) is the thermoplastic resin (P2) on the other side (second bonded surface). And / or entangled with the reinforcing fiber (F2), and thus good bonding strength is easily obtained.
When the reinforcing fiber (F1) is a continuous fiber, the first bonded surface is a tape-like fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin having a thickness of 30 to 300 μm, in which a reinforcing fiber made of continuous fibers is impregnated with a thermoplastic resin. It is preferably the outermost surface of a laminate obtained by laminating one or more base materials integrated so that the length direction of the fibers is one direction, and the reinforcing fibers are oriented in a predetermined direction.
In this case, it is preferable that the vibration direction during vibration welding is the same as the orientation direction (length direction) of the reinforcing fibers (F1) on the bonded surface.

熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ１）は、ヒーターによる加熱や振動による加熱で軟化し、かつ溶着可能な熱可塑性樹脂であればよく、特に制限されない。熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ１）として、結晶樹脂や非晶性樹脂が使用できる。結晶性樹脂は融点を有する樹脂の総称であり、非晶性樹脂はガラス転移温度を有する樹脂の総称である。熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ１）は、融点が５０〜４００℃である結晶性樹脂、またはガラス転移温度が５０〜３００℃である非晶性樹脂が好ましい。
結晶性樹脂の具体例として、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリエステル（ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート等）、ポリアミド（ナイロン等）、ポリケトン、ポリエーテルケトン、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン、等が例示される。
非晶性樹脂の具体例として、ポリスチレン、アクリロニトリル・ブタジエン・スチレン共重合体（ＡＢＳ）、アクリル樹脂、塩化ビニル、ポリカーボネート、ポリフェニレンエーテル、ポリエーテルスルフォン、ポリスルフォン、ポリエーテルイミド、等が例示される。
これらのうち、成形加工性に優れる点でポリプロピレンが、物性に優れる点でポリアミド（特にナイロン）がより好ましい。 The thermoplastic resin (P1) is not particularly limited as long as it is a thermoplastic resin that can be softened and welded by heating with a heater or vibration. A crystalline resin or an amorphous resin can be used as the thermoplastic resin (P1). A crystalline resin is a generic term for resins having a melting point, and an amorphous resin is a generic term for resins having a glass transition temperature. The thermoplastic resin (P1) is preferably a crystalline resin having a melting point of 50 to 400 ° C. or an amorphous resin having a glass transition temperature of 50 to 300 ° C.
Specific examples of the crystalline resin include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester (polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, etc.), polyamide (nylon, etc.), polyketone, polyetherketone, polyetheretherketone, and the like.
Specific examples of the amorphous resin include polystyrene, acrylonitrile / butadiene / styrene copolymer (ABS), acrylic resin, vinyl chloride, polycarbonate, polyphenylene ether, polyether sulfone, polysulfone, and polyetherimide. .
Of these, polypropylene is more preferable from the viewpoint of excellent molding processability, and polyamide (particularly nylon) is more preferable from the viewpoint of excellent physical properties.

繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ１）を構成する熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ１）は１種でもよく、２種以上の混合物でもよい。また熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ１）は添加剤、フィラー、着色剤等を含んでいてもよい。
なお、熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ１）が樹脂のほかに添加物等を含む組成物である場合、該熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ１）の融点またはガラス転移温度は、該組成物における融点またはガラス転移温度とする。
また熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ１）が２種以上の混合物である場合、混合される前の各熱可塑性樹脂の融点またはガラス転移温度のうち最も低い温度を、混合後の熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ１）の融点またはガラス転移温度とする。 The thermoplastic resin (P1) constituting the fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin (C1) may be one type or a mixture of two or more types. The thermoplastic resin (P1) may contain additives, fillers, colorants and the like.
When the thermoplastic resin (P1) is a composition containing an additive in addition to the resin, the melting point or glass transition temperature of the thermoplastic resin (P1) is the melting point or glass transition temperature of the composition. .
When the thermoplastic resin (P1) is a mixture of two or more, the lowest temperature among the melting points or glass transition temperatures of the thermoplastic resins before being mixed is set to the melting point of the thermoplastic resin (P1) after being mixed. Or it is set as the glass transition temperature.

繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ１）における強化繊維（Ｆ１）の割合（体積含有率）は、１０〜６０体積％が好ましい。１０体積％以上であると、強化繊維に由来する物性を発揮させることができる。６０体積％以下であると、溶着による良好な接合状態が得られやすい。該強化繊維（Ｆ１）の割合のより好ましい範囲は２５〜５５体積％である。   The proportion (volume content) of the reinforcing fibers (F1) in the fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin (C1) is preferably 10 to 60% by volume. The physical property derived from a reinforced fiber can be exhibited as it is 10 volume% or more. When it is 60% by volume or less, a good bonded state by welding is easily obtained. A more preferable range of the proportion of the reinforcing fibers (F1) is 25 to 55% by volume.

＜材料（Ｃ２）または繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ３）＞
本発明の方法で互いに接合される２つの被接合面のうち、他方（第２の被接合面）は、熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ２）を含み繊維を含まない材料（Ｃ２）または強化繊維（Ｆ２）に熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ２）を含浸してなる繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ３）からなる部材に設けられている。すなわち、第２の被接合面は、材料（Ｃ２）または繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ３）からなる面である。
強化繊維（Ｆ２）は、上記強化繊維（Ｆ１）と好ましい態様も含めて同様である。
熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ２）は、上記熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ１）と好ましい態様も含めて同様である。
繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ３）は、上記繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ１）と好ましい態様も含めて同様である。 <Material (C2) or fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin (C3)>
Of the two surfaces to be bonded to each other by the method of the present invention, the other (second surface to be bonded) is a material (C2) or a reinforcing fiber (F2) that contains a thermoplastic resin (P2) and does not contain fibers. Is provided on a member made of a fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin (C3) obtained by impregnating a thermoplastic resin (P2). That is, the second bonded surface is a surface made of the material (C2) or the fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin (C3).
The reinforcing fiber (F2) is the same as the reinforcing fiber (F1) including the preferred embodiment.
The thermoplastic resin (P2) is the same as the thermoplastic resin (P1), including preferred embodiments.
The fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin (C3) is the same as the fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin (C1) including the preferred embodiment.

第２の被接合面が繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ３）からなる部材に設けられているとき、互いに接合される第１の被接合面と第２の被接合面をそれぞれ構成する繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ１）と（Ｃ３）とは、互いに同じであってもよく、異なっていてもよい。
（Ｃ１）と（Ｃ３）とが異なる場合は、繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ１）に含まれる熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ１）と、繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ３）に含まれる熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ２）との、融点またはガラス転移温度の差が小さいことが好ましい。具体的に、該融点またはガラス転移温度の差が１００℃以内であることが好ましく、５０℃以内であることがより好ましい。熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ１）と（Ｐ２）とが同じであることが特に好ましい。 When the second bonded surface is provided on the member made of the fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin (C3), the fiber reinforced thermoplastics that respectively constitute the first bonded surface and the second bonded surface to be bonded to each other. Resins (C1) and (C3) may be the same as or different from each other.
When (C1) and (C3) are different, the thermoplastic resin (P1) contained in the fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin (C1) and the thermoplastic resin (P2) contained in the fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin (C3) It is preferable that the difference in melting point or glass transition temperature is small. Specifically, the difference in melting point or glass transition temperature is preferably within 100 ° C., more preferably within 50 ° C. It is particularly preferable that the thermoplastic resins (P1) and (P2) are the same.

＜繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂の接合方法＞
［予備加熱工程］
まず、振動溶着工程に先立って、第１の被接合面および第２の被接合面の少なくとも一方を加熱する（予備加熱工程）。予備加熱工程を設けることにより、振動溶着において、被接合面を振動させる時間を短縮することができ、バリの質量を低減することができる。 <Joint method of fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin>
[Preheating process]
First, prior to the vibration welding step, at least one of the first bonded surface and the second bonded surface is heated (preliminary heating step). By providing the preheating step, it is possible to reduce the time for vibrating the surface to be bonded in vibration welding, and to reduce the mass of burrs.

予備加熱工程で加熱される被接合面の表面温度は、該被接合面を構成する熱可塑性樹脂が結晶性樹脂の場合には該樹脂の融点（Ｔｍ℃）以下、非晶性樹脂の場合にはガラス転移温度（Ｔｇ℃）以下とする。
加熱される被接合面が繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ１）または（Ｃ３）からなる場合、該被接合面の表面温度が、該繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂に含まれる熱可塑性樹脂の融点以下またはガラス転移温度以下となるように加熱することによって、表面の熱可塑性樹脂が溶け出して強化繊維が浮き出る現象（スプリングバック現象）を防止しつつ、該被接合面の熱可塑性樹脂を軟化させることができる。これにより、スプリングバック現象による接合不良を防止しつつ、接合に要する振動時間を短縮する効果、およびバリ質量の低減効果を得ることができる。
また加熱される被接合面が熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ２）を含み繊維を含まない材料（Ｃ２）からなる場合、該被接合面の表面温度が該熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ２）の融点以下またはガラス転移温度以下となるように加熱することによって、樹脂が軟化、或いは溶融することによる樹脂垂れを防止しつつ、該被接合面の熱可塑性樹脂を軟化させることができる。 The surface temperature of the surface to be joined heated in the preheating step is equal to or lower than the melting point (Tm ° C.) of the resin when the thermoplastic resin constituting the surface to be joined is a crystalline resin. Is below the glass transition temperature (Tg ° C.).
When the bonded surface to be heated is made of fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin (C1) or (C3), the surface temperature of the bonded surface is equal to or lower than the melting point of the thermoplastic resin contained in the fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin, or glass transition. By heating to below the temperature, the thermoplastic resin on the surface to be joined can be softened while preventing the phenomenon that the thermoplastic resin on the surface is melted and the reinforcing fibers are lifted off (spring back phenomenon). Thereby, it is possible to obtain the effect of shortening the vibration time required for joining and the effect of reducing the burr mass while preventing the joining failure due to the springback phenomenon.
Moreover, when the to-be-joined surface heated consists of thermoplastic resin (P2) and the material (C2) which does not contain a fiber, the surface temperature of this to-be-joined surface is below melting | fusing point of this thermoplastic resin (P2), or glass transition temperature. By heating to the following, the thermoplastic resin on the bonded surfaces can be softened while preventing the resin from dripping due to softening or melting of the resin.

予備加熱工程における被接合面の表面温度は、（Ｔｍ−３）℃以下または（Ｔｇ−３）℃以下が好ましく、（Ｔｍ−１０）℃以下または（Ｔｇ−１０）℃以下がより好ましい。
該被接合面の表面温度の下限は特に限定されないが、予備加熱を行うことによる、接合に要する振動時間の短縮効果およびバリ質量の低減効果が充分に得られやすい点で、（Ｔｍ−１００）℃以上または（Ｔｇ−１００）℃以上がより好ましい。 The surface temperature of the bonded surface in the preheating step is preferably (Tm-3) ° C. or lower or (Tg-3) ° C. or lower, more preferably (Tm-10) ° C. or lower or (Tg-10) ° C. or lower.
The lower limit of the surface temperature of the surfaces to be joined is not particularly limited, but (Tm-100) in that the effect of shortening the vibration time required for joining and the effect of reducing the burr mass can be sufficiently obtained by preheating. More preferably, it is higher than or equal to (Tg-100) ° C.

予備加熱工程で用いる加熱手段は、被接合面を非接触で加熱できるものが好ましい。かかる加熱手段として、赤外線ヒーター、電気ヒーター等が例示される。中でも加熱の効率の観点から赤外線ヒーターが好ましい。被接合面を非接触で加熱することにより、加熱による被接合面の変形を防止できる。特に被接合面が平滑な面である場合、該被接合面の表面を平滑に保つことができるため好ましい。   The heating means used in the preheating step is preferably one that can heat the bonded surfaces in a non-contact manner. Examples of such heating means include an infrared heater and an electric heater. Among these, an infrared heater is preferable from the viewpoint of heating efficiency. By heating the surface to be bonded in a non-contact manner, deformation of the surface to be bonded due to heating can be prevented. In particular, when the surface to be joined is a smooth surface, the surface of the surface to be joined can be kept smooth, which is preferable.

［振動溶着工程］
予備加熱を終えた後、振動溶着により第１の被接合面と第２の被接合面を接合する（振動溶着工程）。振動溶着は、公知の振動溶着装置を適宜用いて行うことができる。
すなわち、第１の被接合面と第２の被接合面を密着させた状態で、被接合面に平行な一方向（振動方向）に沿って、両者を相対的に振動させる。かかる振動を与えることによって、第１の被接合面および第２の被接合面に摩擦熱が発生し、熱可塑性樹脂が溶融する。第１の被接合面と第２の被接合面の厚みの合計が所定の厚みになった時点で振動を停止する。振動が停止すると、第１の被接合面と第２の被接合面との間の溶融樹脂が冷えて硬化し、第１の被接合面と第２の被接合面とが接合、一体化される。 [Vibration welding process]
After finishing the preheating, the first bonded surface and the second bonded surface are bonded by vibration welding (vibration welding step). The vibration welding can be performed using a known vibration welding apparatus as appropriate.
That is, in a state where the first bonded surface and the second bonded surface are in close contact with each other, the two are relatively vibrated along one direction (vibration direction) parallel to the bonded surface. By applying such vibration, frictional heat is generated on the first bonded surface and the second bonded surface, and the thermoplastic resin is melted. The vibration is stopped when the total thickness of the first bonded surface and the second bonded surface reaches a predetermined thickness. When the vibration stops, the molten resin between the first bonded surface and the second bonded surface is cooled and cured, and the first bonded surface and the second bonded surface are bonded and integrated. The

第１の被接合面が、強化繊維（Ｆ１）に予め熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ１）が含浸したテープ状の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂からなる部材に設けられており、かつ第２の被接合面が、強化繊維（Ｆ２）に予め熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ２）が含浸したテープ状の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂からなる部材に設けられている場合、接合後の接合部における２つの部材の合計厚みが前記２つの部材が一体化される前よりも小さく、その差が前記第１の被接合面および第２の被接合面をそれぞれ構成するテープ状の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂の厚みのいずれか大きい方の厚み以上であると、第１の被接合面と第２の被接合面とが充分な強度で接合、一体化される点で好ましい。
この場合のテープ状の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂は、例えば、長さが５〜１００ｍｍ、厚みが３０〜３００μｍ、幅が５〜３０ｍｍからなるテープ状の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂でもよく、連続繊維からなる強化繊維に熱可塑性樹脂を含浸させた、厚さ３０〜３００μｍのテープ状の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂でもよい。 The first bonded surface is provided on a member made of a tape-like fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin in which the reinforcing fiber (F1) is impregnated with the thermoplastic resin (P1) in advance, and the second bonded surface is When the reinforcing fiber (F2) is provided on a member made of a tape-like fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin impregnated with the thermoplastic resin (P2) in advance, the total thickness of the two members at the joined portion after joining is the two The difference is smaller than before the members are integrated, and the difference is equal to or greater than the larger one of the thicknesses of the tape-like fiber reinforced thermoplastic resins constituting the first and second bonded surfaces, respectively. If it is, it is preferable at the point by which a 1st to-be-joined surface and a 2nd to-be-joined surface are joined and integrated with sufficient intensity | strength.
The tape-like fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin in this case may be, for example, a tape-like fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin having a length of 5 to 100 mm, a thickness of 30 to 300 μm, and a width of 5 to 30 mm, and is composed of continuous fibers. A tape-like fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin having a thickness of 30 to 300 μm in which a reinforcing fiber is impregnated with a thermoplastic resin may be used.

振動を与える際、第１の被接合面と第２の被接合面とが互いに近づく方向に加圧力を加えることが好ましい。これにより接合に要する振動時間をより短縮できる。また接合強度の向上効果が期待できる。
加圧することによる効果を充分に得るためには、第１の被接合面と第２の被接合面とが接触している領域において、単位面積当たりの加圧力が０．１ＭＰａ以上であることが好ましく、０．５ＭＰａ以上がより好ましい。一方、振動溶着機に過大な荷重機構を設置する必要を生じさせない点では３０ＭＰａ以下が好ましく、２０ＭＰａ以下がより好ましい。 When applying vibration, it is preferable to apply pressure in a direction in which the first bonded surface and the second bonded surface approach each other. Thereby, the vibration time required for joining can be further shortened. Moreover, the improvement effect of joining strength can be expected.
In order to sufficiently obtain the effect of pressurization, the pressing force per unit area is 0.1 MPa or more in the region where the first bonded surface and the second bonded surface are in contact with each other. Preferably, 0.5 MPa or more is more preferable. On the other hand, 30 MPa or less is preferable and 20 MPa or less is more preferable in that it does not cause the necessity to install an excessive load mechanism in the vibration welding machine.

第１の被接合面と、第２の被接合面とを振動溶着する際には、一方を固定して、他方を振動させることが好ましい。
第１の被接合面が、熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ１）中に長さ５ｍｍ〜１００ｍｍの強化繊維（Ｆ１）が等方的に分散しているか、擬似等方的に分散している面であって、第２の被接合面が熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ２）を含み繊維を含まない材料（Ｃ２）からなる面である場合、振動方向は特に限定されない。
第１の被接合面と第２の被接合面の両方が、熱可塑性樹脂中に長さ５ｍｍ〜１００ｍｍの強化繊維が等方的に分散しているか、擬似等方的に分散している面である場合、振動方向は特に限定されない。 When vibration welding the first bonded surface and the second bonded surface, it is preferable to fix one and vibrate the other.
The first bonded surface is a surface in which reinforcing fibers (F1) having a length of 5 mm to 100 mm are isotropically dispersed or pseudo-isotropically dispersed in the thermoplastic resin (P1). When the second bonded surface is a surface made of a material (C2) that includes the thermoplastic resin (P2) and does not include fibers, the vibration direction is not particularly limited.
Both the first bonded surface and the second bonded surface are surfaces in which reinforcing fibers having a length of 5 mm to 100 mm are isotropically dispersed or pseudo-isotropically dispersed in the thermoplastic resin. In this case, the vibration direction is not particularly limited.

第１の被接合面が熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ１）中に長さ５ｍｍ〜１００ｍｍの強化繊維（Ｆ１）が等方的に分散しているか、擬似等方的に分散している面であって、第２の被接合面における強化繊維（Ｆ２）が連続繊維である場合、振動方向は特に限定されない。
第１の被接合面における強化繊維（Ｆ１）が連続繊維であり、第２の被接合面が、熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ２）を含み繊維を含まない材料（Ｃ２）からなる面である場合、振動方向は、第１の被接合面における強化繊維（Ｆ１）の長さ方向と同じとするのが好ましい。
第１の被接合面における強化繊維（Ｆ１）が連続繊維であり、第２の被接合面が熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ２）中に長さ５ｍｍ〜１００ｍｍの強化繊維（Ｆ２）が等方的に分散しているか、擬似等方的に分散している面である場合、振動方向は特に限定されない。
第１の被接合面における強化繊維（Ｆ１）、および第２の被接合面における強化繊維（Ｆ２）が連続繊維である場合、振動方向は、第１の被接合面における強化繊維（Ｆ１）の長さ方向または第２の被接合面における強化繊維（Ｆ２）の長さ方向と同じとするのが好ましい。この場合、第１の被接合面における強化繊維（Ｆ１）の長さ方向と第２の被接合面における強化繊維（Ｆ２）の長さ方向とが同じであることがより好ましい。
なお、被接合面における強化繊維が連続繊維である形態は、連続繊維からなる強化繊維に熱可塑性樹脂を含浸させたテープ状の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂を、繊維の長さ方向が一方向となるように一体化させた基材を１枚以上、強化繊維が所定の方向に配向するように積層した積層物の最表面に被接合面を設けた形態が好ましい。 The first bonded surface is a surface in which the reinforcing fibers (F1) having a length of 5 mm to 100 mm are isotropically dispersed in the thermoplastic resin (P1), or are quasi-isotropically dispersed, When the reinforcing fiber (F2) on the second bonded surface is a continuous fiber, the vibration direction is not particularly limited.
When the reinforcing fiber (F1) on the first bonded surface is a continuous fiber and the second bonded surface is a surface made of a material (C2) that includes a thermoplastic resin (P2) and does not include a fiber, vibration The direction is preferably the same as the length direction of the reinforcing fiber (F1) on the first bonded surface.
The reinforcing fiber (F1) on the first surface to be bonded is a continuous fiber, and the reinforcing fiber (F2) having a length of 5 to 100 mm isotropically dispersed in the thermoplastic resin (P2) on the second surface to be bonded. The vibration direction is not particularly limited when the surface is quasi-isotropically dispersed.
When the reinforcing fiber (F1) on the first bonded surface and the reinforcing fiber (F2) on the second bonded surface are continuous fibers, the vibration direction is that of the reinforcing fiber (F1) on the first bonded surface. It is preferable that the length direction or the length direction of the reinforcing fiber (F2) on the second bonded surface be the same. In this case, it is more preferable that the length direction of the reinforcing fiber (F1) on the first bonded surface and the length direction of the reinforcing fiber (F2) on the second bonded surface are the same.
The form in which the reinforcing fibers on the bonded surfaces are continuous fibers is a tape-like fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin obtained by impregnating a thermoplastic fiber into a reinforcing fiber composed of continuous fibers, and the length direction of the fibers is one direction. The form which provided the to-be-joined surface in the outermost surface of the laminated body which laminated | stacked one or more base materials integrated in this way so that a reinforced fiber may orient in a predetermined direction is preferable.

以下に実施例を用いて本発明をさらに詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれら実施例に限定されるものではない。
接合させる部材として、下記の試験片Ａ、試験片Ｂおよび試験片Ｃを用意した。
［試験片Ａ］
炭素繊維（三菱レイヨン社製、製品名：ＴＲ５０Ｓ）１２，０００本にポリプロピレン樹脂（プライムポリマー社製、製品名：Ｊ１０８Ｍ、融点：１７０℃）が含浸したテープ状物（幅１２ｍｍ、長さ２５ｍｍ、厚み０．２ｍｍ）が等方的に分散した、一辺の長さが４０ｃｍの正方形で厚み２ｍｍの繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂シートから、幅２５ｍｍ、長さ１３０ｍｍ、厚み２ｍｍの試験片Ａを切り出した。この繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂における炭素繊維の含有割合は５０体積％である。
［試験片Ｂ］
試験片Ａに使用したのと同じポリプロピレン樹脂からなり、炭素繊維を含まない試験片Ｂを用意した。試験片Ｂの大きさは、試験片Ａと同じである。
［試験片Ｃ］
炭素繊維（三菱レイヨン社製、製品名：ＴＲ５０Ｓ）１２，０００本からなる連続繊維にポリプロピレン樹脂（プライムポリマー社製、製品名：Ｊ１０８Ｍ、融点：１７０℃）が含浸したテープ状物を、炭素繊維の長さ方向が一方向となるように一体化させた基材を積層して、一辺の長さが４０ｃｍの正方形で厚み２ｍｍの繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂シートを形成した。該シートから、繊維長さが１３０ｍｍになるように、幅２５ｍｍ、長さ１３０ｍｍ、厚み２ｍｍの試験片Ｃを切り出した。この繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂における炭素繊維の含有割合は５０体積％である。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail using examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
The following test piece A, test piece B, and test piece C were prepared as members to be joined.
[Specimen A]
12,000 carbon fibers (product name: TR50S, manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.) tape-like material impregnated with polypropylene resin (product name: J108M, melting point: 170 ° C.) (width 12 mm, length 25 mm, A test piece A having a width of 25 mm, a length of 130 mm, and a thickness of 2 mm was cut out from a 2 mm thick fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin sheet having an isotropically dispersed thickness of 0.2 mm and a side length of 40 cm. The content rate of the carbon fiber in this fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin is 50 volume%.
[Specimen B]
A test piece B made of the same polypropylene resin as used for the test piece A and containing no carbon fiber was prepared. The size of the test piece B is the same as that of the test piece A.
[Specimen C]
Carbon fiber (made by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd., product name: TR50S) Tape-like material impregnated with polypropylene resin (manufactured by Prime Polymer Co., Ltd., product name: J108M, melting point: 170 ° C.) into continuous fibers made of 12,000 carbon fibers The base materials that were integrated so that the length direction of each were in one direction were laminated, and a fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin sheet having a square length of 40 cm on one side and a thickness of 2 mm was formed. A test piece C having a width of 25 mm, a length of 130 mm, and a thickness of 2 mm was cut out from the sheet so that the fiber length was 130 mm. The content rate of the carbon fiber in this fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin is 50 volume%.

［振動溶着機］
振動溶着機として、振動溶着機（日本エマソン社製、製品名：Ｍ５１２―ＳＴＨＪ）を使用した。
［バリの質量の測定］
バリの質量として、接合界面からはみ出た部分を採集し、その合計の質量を測定した。接合面積当たりのバリの質量（単位：ｇ／ｃｍ２）を、以下の式により求めた。
接合面積当たりのバリの質量＝バリの質量（単位：ｇ）／接合面積（単位：ｃｍ２） [Vibration welding machine]
As the vibration welder, a vibration welder (manufactured by Nippon Emerson, product name: M512-STHJ) was used.
[Measurement of burr mass]
As the mass of the burr, the portion protruding from the bonding interface was collected, and the total mass was measured. The mass (unit: g / cm 2 ) of burrs per bonding area was determined by the following equation.
Mass of burrs per bonding area = mass of burrs (unit: g) / bonding area (unit: cm 2 )

［実施例１］
本例では、試験片Ａの端部どうしを接合した。すなわち、まず図１、２に示すように、２つの試験片１、２の端部どうしを、空間を隔てて重ね合わせた。両試験片１、２の重なり部分が接合部１０となる。図中符号１は上側の試験片、２は下側の試験片を示す。両試験片１、２が重なっている接合部１０において、対向している面が被接合面１ａ、２ａである。被接合面１ａ、２ａは平滑な面である。
両試験片１、２の重なり部分の長さ、すなわち接合部１０の長さＬは５ｍｍとした。接合面積は２５ｍｍ×５ｍｍ＝１．２５ｃｍ２となる。
次いで、両試験片１、２の被接合面１ａ、２ａの間に赤外線ヒーター３を挿入し、被接合面１ａ、２ａを同時に加熱した。加熱時間は１０秒とした。被接合面１ａ、２ａから赤外線ヒーターまでの距離はそれぞれ５ｍｍとした。加熱終了直後の被接合面１ａ、２ａの表面温度を、サーモグラフィー（ミノルタ社製、製品名：ＴＡ−０５１０Ｆ）で測定したところ、上側の試験片１の被接合面１ａは８０℃、下側の試験片２の被接合面２ａは７８℃であった。なお、赤外線ヒーター３で加熱する前の被接合面１ａ、２ａの表面温度はいずれも２０℃であった。 [Example 1]
In this example, the ends of the test piece A were joined together. That is, first, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the ends of the two test pieces 1 and 2 were overlapped with a space therebetween. The overlapping portion of both test pieces 1 and 2 becomes the joint 10. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes an upper test piece, and 2 denotes a lower test piece. In the joint portion 10 where the two test pieces 1 and 2 are overlapped, the facing surfaces are the joined surfaces 1a and 2a. The joined surfaces 1a and 2a are smooth surfaces.
The length of the overlapping part of the two test pieces 1 and 2, that is, the length L of the joint 10 was 5 mm. The bonding area is 25 mm × 5 mm = 1.25 cm 2 .
Subsequently, the infrared heater 3 was inserted between the to-be-joined surfaces 1a and 2a of both the test pieces 1 and 2, and the to-be-joined surfaces 1a and 2a were heated simultaneously. The heating time was 10 seconds. The distance from the bonded surfaces 1a and 2a to the infrared heater was 5 mm. When the surface temperature of the bonded surfaces 1a and 2a immediately after the heating was measured by thermography (product name: TA-0510F, manufactured by Minolta), the bonded surface 1a of the upper test piece 1 was 80 ° C. The bonded surface 2a of the test piece 2 was 78 ° C. The surface temperatures of the bonded surfaces 1a and 2a before heating with the infrared heater 3 were both 20 ° C.

続いて、試験片１、２の間から赤外線ヒーター３を抜き取り、両試験片の被接合面１ａ、２ａを密着させ、荷重をかけた状態で、試験片２を固定し、試験片１を試験片の長さ方向に振動させた。溶着条件は、振動周波数２４０Ｈｚ、長さ方向における振動振幅１．５ｍｍ、荷重１５００Ｎ、単位面積当たりの加圧力１２ＭＰａとした。
振動を開始すると、被接合面１ａ、２ａの熱可塑性樹脂が摩擦熱で溶融し、加圧力によって接合部１０の全体の厚みが減少する。振動を開始する前の状態において、接合部１０の全体の厚みが４ｍｍであったのが、３．５ｍｍになった時点で振動を停止する。振動を停止すると、被接合面１ａ、２ａの間の溶融樹脂が短時間で硬化して、両者の接合が完了する。振動を開始してから停止するまでの時間を「接合に要する振動時間」として計測したところ、２．４秒であった。 Subsequently, the infrared heater 3 is extracted from between the test pieces 1 and 2, the bonded surfaces 1a and 2a of both test pieces are brought into close contact with each other, the test piece 2 is fixed in a state where a load is applied, and the test piece 1 is tested. Vibrated in the length direction of the piece. The welding conditions were a vibration frequency of 240 Hz, a vibration amplitude of 1.5 mm in the length direction, a load of 1500 N, and a pressure of 12 MPa per unit area.
When the vibration is started, the thermoplastic resin of the surfaces to be joined 1a and 2a is melted by frictional heat, and the entire thickness of the joint portion 10 is reduced by the applied pressure. In the state before starting the vibration, when the total thickness of the joint portion 10 is 4 mm, the vibration is stopped when it becomes 3.5 mm. When the vibration is stopped, the molten resin between the surfaces to be joined 1a and 2a is cured in a short time, and the joining of both is completed. The time from the start of vibration to the stop was measured as “vibration time required for joining” and found to be 2.4 seconds.

図３は、２つの試験片１、２が接合された状態を、上側から見た平面図である。図中符号４は接合部１０に生じたバリを示す。接合完了後、接合部１０のバリ４をカッターナイフで切り出し、その合計の質量を測定したところ０．０４５ｇであった。接合面積当たりのバリ質量は、０．０４５ｇ／１．２５ｃｍ２＝０．０３６（ｇ/ｃｍ２）であった。
接合条件および結果を表１に示す。接合の加否については、被接合面１ａ、２ａが溶着一体化された場合は「可」とし、被接合面１ａ、２ａを一体化できなかった場合は「否」とした。 FIG. 3 is a plan view of the state in which the two test pieces 1 and 2 are joined as seen from above. Reference numeral 4 in the figure indicates a burr generated at the joint 10. After the joining was completed, the burr 4 of the joined part 10 was cut out with a cutter knife, and the total mass was measured to be 0.045 g. The burr mass per bonding area was 0.045 g / 1.25 cm 2 = 0.036 (g / cm 2 ).
The joining conditions and results are shown in Table 1. With regard to whether or not to join, “Yes” was given when the welded surfaces 1a, 2a were fused and integrated, and “No” was given when the welded surfaces 1a, 2a could not be integrated.

［実施例２〜８］
接合条件を表１に示すとおりに変更し、それ以外は実施例１と同様にして溶着を行った。結果を表１に示す。実施例７は参考例である。
実施例２は、赤外線ヒーターで加熱する時間を２０秒に変更した例である。
実施例３は、接合部の長さＬを１０ｍｍに変更した例である。
実施例４は、接合部の長さＬを１０ｍｍに変更し、かつ赤外線ヒーターで加熱する時間を２０秒に変更した例である。
実施例５は、接合部の長さＬを２０ｍｍに変更した例である。
実施例６は、接合部の長さＬを２０ｍｍに変更し、かつ赤外線ヒーターで加熱する時間を２０秒に変更した例である。
実施例７は、下側の試験片２を試験片Ｂに変更した例である。
実施例８は、下側の試験片２の接合面２ａだけを赤外線ヒーターで加熱し、上側の試験片の接合面１ａは加熱しなかった例である。
[Examples 2 to 8]
The welding conditions were changed as shown in Table 1, and welding was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that. The results are shown in Table 1. Example 7 is a reference example.
In Example 2, the heating time with the infrared heater is changed to 20 seconds.
Example 3 is an example in which the length L of the joint is changed to 10 mm.
Example 4 is an example in which the length L of the joint is changed to 10 mm and the time for heating with the infrared heater is changed to 20 seconds.
Example 5 is an example in which the length L of the joint is changed to 20 mm.
Example 6 is an example in which the length L of the joint is changed to 20 mm and the time for heating with the infrared heater is changed to 20 seconds.
Example 7 is an example in which the lower test piece 2 is changed to the test piece B.
Example 8 is an example in which only the joining surface 2a of the lower test piece 2 was heated with an infrared heater, and the joining surface 1a of the upper test piece was not heated.

［比較例１〜８］
接合条件を表２に示すとおりに変更し、それ以外は実施例１と同様にして溶着を行った。結果を表２に示す。比較例１〜４は、実施例１、３、５、７において、それぞれ赤外線ヒーターによる加熱を行わなかった例である。
比較例５〜８は、実施例１、３、５、７において、それぞれ赤外線ヒーターで加熱する時間を６０秒に変更した例である。加熱時間が長いため、接合部の温度が、試験片を構成している樹脂の融点以上に上昇した。 [Comparative Examples 1-8]
The welding conditions were changed as shown in Table 2, and welding was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that. The results are shown in Table 2. Comparative Examples 1-4 are examples in which heating with an infrared heater was not performed in Examples 1, 3, 5, and 7, respectively.
Comparative Examples 5 to 8 are examples in which the time for heating with the infrared heater in Examples 1, 3, 5, and 7 was changed to 60 seconds. Since the heating time was long, the temperature of the joint rose to the melting point of the resin constituting the test piece.

［実施例９］
試験片Ｃの端部どうしを接合し、振動を開始する前の状態において、接合部１０の全体の厚みが４ｍｍであったのが、３．７ｍｍになった時点で振動を停止する以外は実施例１と同様な操作を実施した。なお、試験片Ｃの振動方向は、試験片Ｃの繊維方向と同じである。結果を表３に示す。
［比較例９、１０］
比較例９は、実施例９において、赤外線ヒーターによる加熱を行わなかった例である。比較例１０は、実施例９において、赤外線ヒーターで加熱する時間を６０秒に変更した例である。結果を表３に示す。 [Example 9]
Before joining the ends of the test piece C and starting the vibration, the entire thickness of the joint 10 was 4 mm, but the vibration was stopped when it became 3.7 mm. The same operation as in Example 1 was performed. The vibration direction of the test piece C is the same as the fiber direction of the test piece C. The results are shown in Table 3.
[Comparative Examples 9 and 10]
Comparative Example 9 is an example in which heating by the infrared heater was not performed in Example 9. Comparative Example 10 is an example in which the heating time with the infrared heater in Example 9 was changed to 60 seconds. The results are shown in Table 3.

Figure 0005827505
Figure 0005827505

Figure 0005827505
Figure 0005827505

Figure 0005827505
Figure 0005827505

表１、２の結果より、以下のことがわかる。
比較例１と実施例１、２、比較例２と実施例３、４、比較例３と実施例５、６、比較例４と実施例７をそれぞれ比べると、振動溶着に先立って赤外線ヒーター３による予備加熱を行った実施例１〜７は、該予備加熱を行わない比較例１〜４よりも、接合に要する振動時間が短く、バリ質量が少ない。特に予備加熱の時間を２０秒とした実施例２、４、６は、比較例１、２、３とそれぞれ比べてバリ質量が半分程度に減少した。
実施例１〜６を比べると、接合部の長さＬが短いほど、また予備加熱終了直後の被接合面の表面温度が高いほど、接合に要する振動時間が短く、バリ質量が少ない。
また比較例１と実施例８を比べると、２つの試験片のうちの一方だけを予備加熱する方法でも、該予備加熱を行わない場合より、接合に要する振動時間を短縮し、バリ質量を低減できる。
比較例５〜８では、予備加熱により、被接合面において樹脂が溶け出して、繊維が浮き出てしまったため、振動溶着により接合しようとしたが被接合面どうしを一体化することができなかった。 From the results of Tables 1 and 2, the following can be understood.
Comparing Comparative Example 1 with Examples 1 and 2, Comparative Example 2 with Examples 3 and 4, Comparative Example 3 with Examples 5 and 6, and Comparative Example 4 with Example 7, respectively, infrared heater 3 prior to vibration welding In Examples 1 to 7 in which the preheating was performed according to, the vibration time required for joining was shorter and the burr mass was less than those in Comparative Examples 1 to 4 in which the preheating was not performed. In particular, in Examples 2, 4, and 6 in which the preheating time was 20 seconds, the burr mass was reduced to about half as compared with Comparative Examples 1, 2, and 3, respectively.
Comparing Examples 1 to 6, the shorter the length L of the bonded portion and the higher the surface temperature of the bonded surface immediately after the completion of the preheating, the shorter the vibration time required for bonding and the smaller the burr mass.
Further, comparing Comparative Example 1 and Example 8, even with the method of preheating only one of the two test pieces, the vibration time required for joining is shortened and the burr mass is reduced as compared with the case where the preheating is not performed. it can.
In Comparative Examples 5 to 8, the resin was melted on the surfaces to be joined due to the preheating, and the fibers were raised. Therefore, although joining was attempted by vibration welding, the surfaces to be joined could not be integrated.

表３の結果より、以下のことがわかる。
比較例９と実施例９を比べると、振動溶着に先立って赤外線ヒーター３による予備加熱を行った実施例９は、該予備加熱を行わない比較例９よりも、接合に要する振動時間が短く、バリ質量が少ない。
比較例１０では、予備加熱時間が長いため、被接合面において樹脂が溶け出して、繊維が浮き出てしまい、振動溶着により接合しようとしたが被接合面どうしを一体化することができなかった。 From the results in Table 3, the following can be understood.
Comparing Comparative Example 9 and Example 9, Example 9 in which preheating with the infrared heater 3 was performed prior to vibration welding was shorter in vibration time required for joining than Comparative Example 9 in which the preheating was not performed. Low burr mass.
In Comparative Example 10, since the preheating time was long, the resin melted out on the surfaces to be joined, and the fibers rose, so that joining was attempted by vibration welding, but the surfaces to be joined could not be integrated.

１ 上側の試験片、
１ａ 被接合面、
２ 下側の試験片、
２ａ 被接合面、
３ 赤外線ヒーター（加熱手段）、
４ バリ、
１０ 接合部。 1 Upper specimen,
1a surface to be joined,
2 Lower specimen,
2a surface to be joined,
3 Infrared heater (heating means),
4 Bali,
10 Junction.

Claims (6)

強化繊維（Ｆ１）に熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ１）を含浸してなる繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ１）からなる部材に設けられた第１の被接合面と、強化繊維（Ｆ２）に熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ２）を含浸してなる繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ３）からなる部材に設けられた第２の被接合面とを接合する方法であって、
前記繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ１）からなる部材が、強化繊維（Ｆ１）に熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ１）が含浸したテープ状の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂からなる部材であり、
前記繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ３）からなる部材が、強化繊維（Ｆ２）に熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ２）が含浸したテープ状の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂からなる部材であり、
（１）前記繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ１）における強化繊維（Ｆ１）の長さが５〜１００ｍｍであり、繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ３）における強化繊維（Ｆ２）の長さが５〜１００ｍｍであり、かつ前記第１の被接合面および前記第２の被接合面の一方または両方が、長さが５〜１００ｍｍ、厚みが３０〜３００μｍ、幅が５〜３０ｍｍからなるテープ状の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂を等方に分散した面であるか、もしくは
（２）前記繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ１）中の強化繊維（Ｆ１）、および／または繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ３）中の強化繊維（Ｆ２）が連続繊維であり、かつ前記第１の被接合面および前記第２の被接合面の一方または両方が、連続繊維からなる強化繊維に熱可塑性樹脂を含浸させた、厚み３０〜３００μｍのテープ状の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂を、繊維の長さ方向が一方向となるように一体化させた基材を１枚以上、強化繊維が所定の方向に配向するように積層した積層物の最表面であり、
前記第１の被接合面および前記第２の被接合面の少なくとも一方を加熱する予備加熱工程と、
前記予備加熱工程の後、振動溶着により第１の被接合面と第２の被接合面とを接合する振動溶着工程とを有し、
前記予備加熱工程において加熱される被接合面の表面温度が、該被接合面を構成する熱可塑性樹脂が結晶性樹脂の場合には融点以下、非晶性樹脂の場合にはガラス転移温度以下であり、
接合後の接合部における２つの部材の合計厚みが、前記２つの部材が一体化される前よりも小さく、その差が前記第１の被接合面および第２の被接合面をそれぞれ構成するテープ状の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂の厚みのいずれか大きい方の厚み以上である、繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂の接合方法。 Thermoplastic resin and the first surface to be bonded, the strength fibers (F2) provided on the member consisting of a reinforcing fiber (F1) formed by impregnating the thermoplastic resin (P1) to the fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin (C1) A method of joining a second joined surface provided on a member made of a fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin (C3) impregnated with (P2),
The member made of the fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin (C1) is a member made of a tape-like fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin in which the reinforced fiber (F1) is impregnated with the thermoplastic resin (P1).
The member made of the fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin (C3) is a member made of a tape-like fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin in which the reinforced fiber (F2) is impregnated with the thermoplastic resin (P2).
(1) The length of the reinforcing fiber (F1) in the fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin (C1) is 5 to 100 mm, and the length of the reinforcing fiber (F2) in the fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin (C3) is 5 to 100 mm. And tape-like fiber-reinforced heat in which one or both of the first bonded surface and the second bonded surface have a length of 5 to 100 mm, a thickness of 30 to 300 μm, and a width of 5 to 30 mm. The surface of the plastic resin isotropically dispersed, or
(2) The reinforcing fiber (F1) in the fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin (C1) and / or the reinforcing fiber (F2) in the fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin (C3) is a continuous fiber, and the first covered One or both of the bonding surface and the second bonded surface is a tape-like fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin having a thickness of 30 to 300 μm, in which a reinforcing fiber made of continuous fibers is impregnated with a thermoplastic resin, and the length of the fiber. One or more base materials integrated so that the direction becomes one direction, the outermost surface of the laminate laminated so that the reinforcing fibers are oriented in a predetermined direction,
A preheating step of heating at least one of said first joining surface and the second joining surface,
After the preheating step, the vibration welding step of joining the first bonded surface and the second bonded surface by vibration welding,
The surface temperature of the bonded surface heated in the preheating step is not higher than the melting point when the thermoplastic resin constituting the bonded surface is a crystalline resin, and is not higher than the glass transition temperature in the case of an amorphous resin. Oh it is,
The total thickness of the two members in the joined portion after joining is smaller than before the two members are integrated, and the difference constitutes the first joined surface and the second joined surface, respectively. A method for joining fiber reinforced thermoplastic resins , which is equal to or greater than the larger one of the thicknesses of the fiber reinforced thermoplastic resins. 予備加熱工程において加熱される被接合面の表面温度が、該被接合面を構成する熱可塑性樹脂が結晶性樹脂の場合、融点よりも１００℃低い温度以上であり、非晶性樹脂の場合、ガラス転移温度よりも１００℃低い温度以上である、請求項１に記載の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂の接合方法。   When the surface temperature of the bonded surface heated in the preheating step is a crystalline resin when the thermoplastic resin constituting the bonded surface is a crystalline resin, the surface temperature is 100 ° C. lower than the melting point, and in the case of an amorphous resin, The method for joining fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resins according to claim 1, which is at least 100 ° C. lower than the glass transition temperature. 予備加熱工程において、被接合面を非接触で加熱する加熱手段を用いる、請求項１または２に記載の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂の接合方法。   The fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin joining method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a heating means for heating the joined surfaces in a non-contact manner is used in the preheating step. 非接触で加熱する加熱手段が赤外線ヒーターである、請求項３に記載の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂の接合方法。   The method for joining fiber reinforced thermoplastic resins according to claim 3, wherein the heating means for heating in a non-contact manner is an infrared heater. 繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ１）における強化繊維（Ｆ１）の体積含有率が１０〜６０％であり、繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂（Ｃ３）における強化繊維（Ｆ２）の体積含有率が１０〜６０％である、請求項１〜４の何れか一項に記載の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂の接合方法。   The volume content of the reinforcing fiber (F1) in the fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin (C1) is 10 to 60%, and the volume content of the reinforcing fiber (F2) in the fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin (C3) is 10 to 60%. The joining method of the fiber reinforced thermoplastic resin as described in any one of Claims 1-4. 熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ１）がポリプロピレンまたはポリアミドであり、熱可塑性樹脂（Ｐ２）がポリプロピレンまたはポリアミドである、請求項１〜５の何れか一項に記載の繊維強化熱可塑性樹脂の接合方法。 The method for joining fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resins according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein the thermoplastic resin (P1) is polypropylene or polyamide, and the thermoplastic resin (P2) is polypropylene or polyamide.
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