JP5826164B2 - Steering machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a steering machine.

There are hydraulic steerers that move the ship's rudder, but hydraulic steerers convert power into hydraulic pressure, which can reduce energy efficiency or cause hydraulic oil to leak outside and cause marine pollution. There is sex.
Therefore, for example, as in Patent Document 1, a technique for directly rotating a turning ring fixed to a rudder shaft by a motor via a pinion has been proposed. Thereby, the rudder can be moved without using hydraulic pressure, and marine pollution due to oil can be prevented.

JP 2007-8189 A

  However, in a gear-type steering machine that uses a gear (pinion) to transmit the driving force of the electric motor to the rudder shaft, if an excessive dynamic load is input from the rudder shaft, the gear mechanism may be damaged.

  This invention is made | formed in view of such a situation, Comprising: It aims at providing the steering machine which can prevent the damage by the dynamic behavior of a rudder axle.

In order to solve the above problems, the steering machine of the present invention employs the following means.
That is, a steering machine according to the present invention includes a rudder shaft, a rudder shaft gear fixed to the end of the rudder shaft, a fixed shaft that is provided with the same axis as the rudder shaft and is fixed to the hull side. A fixed shaft gear fixed to the end of the fixed shaft, a carrier rotatably installed around the fixed shaft, a carrier gear provided on the outer periphery, and a driving force transmitted to the carrier gear to transfer the carrier to the fixed shaft A first planetary gear that includes a drive gear that rotates around the motor and an electric motor that drives the drive gear , wherein the carrier has a plurality of planetary shafts, and each of the plurality of planetary shafts meshes with the fixed shaft gear. A gear and a second planetary gear that meshes with the rudder shaft gear are rotatably supported, and the rudder shaft has a clutch mechanism that can move in a direction perpendicular to or oblique to the axial direction.

  According to this configuration, when a load more than necessary is input to the rudder shaft, the clutch mechanism slips, so that transmission of force from the rudder shaft to the gear mechanism can be reduced. As a result, the gear mechanism can be prevented from being damaged by the dynamic behavior of the rudder shaft.

The steering machine according to the present invention includes a rudder shaft, a rudder shaft gear fixed to the end of the rudder shaft, an end of a fixed shaft that is provided on the same side as the rudder shaft and is fixed to the hull side. A fixed shaft gear fixed to the portion, a carrier rotatably installed around the fixed shaft, a carrier gear provided on the outer periphery, a driving force transmitted to the carrier gear and the carrier around the fixed shaft A drive gear that rotates the drive gear, a motor that drives the drive gear, and a damper that is installed around the rudder shaft and cushions rotation about the axis of the rudder shaft, and the carrier has a plurality of planetary shafts. Each of the plurality of planetary shafts rotatably supports a first planetary gear that meshes with the fixed shaft gear and a second planetary gear that meshes with the rudder shaft gear .

  According to this configuration, since the damper cushions the rotation around the rudder shaft, the influence of the dynamic load input to the gear mechanism can be reduced by a sudden change in the rotation direction of the rudder shaft.

  According to the present invention, damage due to the dynamic behavior of the rudder shaft can be prevented.

It is a fragmentary longitudinal cross-section which shows the steering machine which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is the cross-sectional view cut | disconnected by the AA line of FIG. It is the cross-sectional view cut | disconnected by the BB line of FIG. It is a fragmentary longitudinal cross-section which shows the steering machine which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a cross-sectional view which shows the 1st Example of the damper of the steering machine which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a cross-sectional view which shows the 2nd Example of the damper of the steering machine which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, a steering machine 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the steering machine 100 according to the present embodiment is a device that drives a rudder (not shown) of a ship via a rudder shaft 1 connected to the rudder. The steering machine 100 includes a rudder shaft 1, a rudder shaft gear 2, a fixed shaft 3, a fixed shaft gear 4, a carrier 5, and a drive device 6. Further, the ship according to the present embodiment is propelled by obtaining a propulsive force by a screw driven by an internal combustion engine (not shown). And in the ship which concerns on this embodiment, the steering machine 100 is being fixed to the hull, By operating the rudder by the steering machine 100, the advancing direction of a ship can be controlled arbitrarily.

  The rudder shaft 1 is a cylindrical member disposed along the central axis C in the vertical direction, and a rudder is coupled to the lower end portion. A rudder shaft gear 2 (large gear) is fixed to the upper end portion of the rudder shaft 1. The rudder shaft gear 2 is fastened to the rudder shaft 1 by, for example, a bolt or the like, and when the rudder shaft gear 2 rotates, the rudder shaft 1 fixed to the rudder shaft gear 2 also rotates. Therefore, as the rudder shaft gear 2 rotates, the rudder connected to the rudder shaft 1 rotates about the central axis C. The rudder shaft 1 is provided with a flange portion 1a having a diameter larger than that of the rudder shaft 1, and rotates integrally with the rudder shaft 1.

As shown in FIG. 1, the rudder shaft 1 is provided with a clutch mechanism 40 on the shaft. The clutch mechanism 40 is movable in the vertical direction or the oblique direction with respect to the axial direction of the rudder shaft 1. The clutch mechanism 40 is, for example, a disk clutch, but the present invention is not limited to this example.
Thereby, when a load more than necessary is input to the rudder shaft 1, the clutch mechanism 40 slips, so that transmission of force from the rudder shaft 1 to the gear mechanism can be reduced. As a result, damage to the gear mechanism due to the dynamic behavior of the rudder shaft 1 can be prevented.

The steering machine 100 will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS.
The rudder shaft support mechanism 18 includes a rudder bearing 15, a support shaft 16, and a seat 17.
The support shaft 16 is a cylindrical member provided with the same axis as the rudder shaft 1, and a lower end portion thereof is fixed to a seat 17 on the hull side by a fastening member such as a bolt. A rudder bearing 15 that supports the load in the axial direction of the rudder shaft 1 is disposed between the upper surface of the support shaft 16 and the lower surface of the flange portion 1a. The rudder bearing 15 is fixed to the outer peripheral end portion of the upper surface of the support shaft 16, and is in contact with the lower surface of the flange portion 1a. The load of the rudder shaft 1 is transmitted to the support shaft 16 fixed to the seat on the hull side via the rudder bearing 15.

  The fixed shaft 3 is a cylindrical member provided with the same axis as the rudder shaft 1, and the lower end portion is fixed to a seat 7 on the hull side by a fastening member such as a bolt. A fixed shaft gear 4 is fixed to the upper end portion of the fixed shaft 3 by a fastening member such as a bolt. The inner diameter of the fixed shaft 3 is larger than the outer diameter of the rudder shaft 1.

  The inner surface of the inner ring of the carrier bearing 8 that supports the load of the carrier 5 is fitted to the outer surface of the fixed shaft 3 in a press-fit state. Further, the inner surface of the annular member 9 is fitted into the outer surface of the fixed shaft 3 in a press-fit state, and the annular member 9 is disposed below the carrier bearing 8. The lower end of the annular member 9 is supported by the seat 7, and the upper end of the annular member 9 is in contact with the lower surface of the inner ring of the carrier bearing 8.

  The outer surface of the outer ring of the carrier bearing 8 is fitted in a stepped portion 5 a provided on the carrier 5 in a press-fitted state. The carrier bearing 8 is a rolling bearing, and as described above, the inner surface of the inner ring is fitted into the outer surface of the fixed shaft 3 in a press-fit state. Therefore, the carrier 5 is rotatably installed around the fixed shaft 3.

  A load of the carrier 5 is applied to the upper surface of the outer ring of the carrier bearing 8 via a step portion 5a. The load of the carrier 5 applied to the upper surface of the outer ring of the carrier bearing 8 is transmitted to the annular member 9 via the lower surface of the inner ring of the carrier bearing 8. Thus, the carrier bearing 8 has a function of supporting the load of the carrier 5 and installing the carrier 5 around the fixed shaft 3 so as to be rotatable.

  The carrier 5 is a member having a circular cross-sectional shape in the direction of the central axis C, and is rotatably installed around the fixed shaft 3. The carrier 5 is provided with a carrier gear 5b on the outer circumferential surface on the radially outer side of the stepped portion 5a. The carrier gear 5 b is provided by processing the outer peripheral surface of the carrier 5.

  The carrier gear 5b meshes with a drive gear 6c connected to a drive source 6a via a drive shaft 6b. The drive source 6a is constituted by an electric motor and a speed reducer, and rotates the drive gear 6c via the drive shaft 6b. The driving gear 6 c transmits driving force to the carrier gear 5 b and rotates the carrier 5 around the fixed shaft 3. The driving source 6a drives the driving gear 6c to transmit the driving force to the carrier gear 5b. The drive source 6a is installed on a seat 7 on which the fixed shaft 3 is installed.

  The carrier 5 has four planetary shafts 30a, 30b, 30c (not shown), 30d (not shown). Since FIG. 1 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of the steering machine 100, the planetary shaft 30a and the planetary shaft 30b are shown. The planetary shaft 30a is a shaft-like member whose upper end and lower end are fixed to the carrier 5, respectively. The planetary shaft 30a is provided with two rolling bearings (not shown) in which the inner ring is fitted in a press-fit state, and the planetary gear 10a and the planetary gear 20a are fitted in the outer ring of the two rolling bearings in a press-fit state. Yes. In this way, the planetary shaft 30a rotatably supports the planetary gear 10a (first planetary gear) that meshes with the fixed shaft gear 4 and the planetary gear 20a (second planetary gear) that meshes with the rudder shaft gear 2. .

  Similarly, the planetary shaft 30b rotatably supports the planetary gear 10b and the planetary gear 20b. Similarly, the planetary shaft 30c rotatably supports the planetary gear 10c (not shown) and the planetary gear 20c (not shown). Similarly, the planetary shaft 30d rotatably supports the planetary gear 10d (not shown) and the planetary gear 20d (not shown). The planetary gears 10 a to 10 d (first planetary gears) mesh with the fixed shaft gear 4, and the planetary gears 20 a to 20 d mesh with the rudder shaft gear 2.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the steering machine 100 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, the planetary gears 20 a to 20 d are arranged at four locations in the circumferential direction of the rudder shaft gear 2 so as to mesh with the rudder shaft gear 2 at intervals of 90 °. . As the carrier 5 rotates around the fixed shaft 3, the planetary gear 20 rotates with respect to the fixed shaft 3 while maintaining an interval of 90 °.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the steering machine 100 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the planetary gears 10 a to 10 d are arranged at four positions in the circumferential direction of the fixed shaft gear 4 so as to mesh with the fixed shaft gear 4 with an interval of 90 °. . The planetary gear 10 (generic name of the planetary gears 10a to 10d) rotates with respect to the fixed shaft 3 while maintaining the interval of 90 ° as the carrier 5 rotates around the fixed shaft 3.

  Here, the speed ratio (reduction ratio) of the driving force transmitted from the drive gear 6c to the rudder shaft gear 2 in the present embodiment will be described. In the following description, it is assumed that the module of the fixed shaft gear 4 and the module of the planetary gear 10 are the same when the fixed shaft gear 4 meshes with the planetary gear 10. Further, it is assumed that when the rudder shaft gear 2 meshes with the planetary gear 20, the module of the rudder shaft gear 2 and the module of the planetary gear 20 are the same. Here, the module means a value obtained by dividing the pitch circle diameter by the number of teeth.

The steering machine 100 according to the present embodiment satisfies the following conditional expression.
i0 = (Zb · Zd) / (Za · Zd) (1)
i1 = (1-i0) / i0 (2)
i2 = Zf / Ze (3)
i3 = i1 · i2 (4)
Za + Zb = Zc + Zd (5)
Za ≠ Zd (6)
Zb ≠ Zc (7)
Here, Za: the number of teeth of the fixed shaft gear 4, Zb: the number of teeth of the planetary gear 10, Zc: the number of teeth of the planetary gear 20, Zd: the number of teeth of the rudder shaft gear 2, Ze: the number of teeth of the drive gear 6c, Zf: number of teeth of carrier gear 5b, i1: speed ratio (reduction ratio) of carrier 5 and rudder shaft 1, i2: speed ratio (reduction ratio) of drive gear 6c and carrier 5, i3: drive gear 6c and rudder shaft 1 The speed ratio (reduction ratio).

As is clear from the above conditional expression, the reduction ratio between the drive gear 6c and the rudder shaft 1 is the number of teeth Za of the fixed shaft gear 4, the number of teeth Zb of the planetary gear 10, the number of teeth Zc of the planetary gear 20, the rudder shaft gear. 2 is determined by the number of teeth Zd, the number of teeth Ze of the drive gear 6c, and the number of teeth Zf of the carrier gear 5b.
Note that the number of teeth of the planetary gear 10 is the same, and Zb is the same number of teeth. The number of teeth of the planetary gear 20 is the same, and Zc is the same number of teeth.

  Conditional expression (5) indicates that the rudder shaft 1 and the fixed shaft 3 are provided with the same axis, and the planetary gear 10 and the planetary gear 20 are supported by the planetary shaft 30 (generic name of the planetary shafts 30a to 30d). This is a possible condition. By satisfying such a condition, the distance between the rudder shaft 1 and the planetary shaft 30 and the distance between the fixed shaft 3 and the planetary shaft 30 can be made equal.

  Conditional expressions (6) and (7) are conditions for rotating the rudder shaft 1 relative to the fixed shaft 3 as the carrier 5 rotates around the fixed shaft 3. When both conditional expressions (6) and (7) are not satisfied, the number of teeth Za of the fixed shaft gear 4 and the number of teeth Zd of the rudder shaft gear 2 are equal, and the number of teeth Zb of the planetary gear 10 and the number of teeth of the planetary gear 20 The numbers Zc are equal. In this case, the planetary gear 20 rotates in the circumferential direction around the rudder shaft gear 2, but the rudder shaft gear 2 does not rotate relative to the fixed shaft gear 4 and remains stationary. By satisfying conditional expressions (6) and (7), the rudder shaft 1 can be rotated relative to the fixed shaft 3 as the carrier 5 rotates about the fixed shaft 3.

  Thus, according to the steering machine 100 according to the present embodiment, the driving force from the driving source 6a is transmitted from the driving gear 6c to the carrier gear 5b, and the rudder is driven from the planetary gear 20 supported by the plurality of planetary shafts 30 of the carrier 5. Driving force is further transmitted to the shaft gear 2. Thus, by making the structure which transmits the driving force of the drive source 6a to the rudder shaft 1 in two steps, each gear is reduced in size, and as a result, the steering machine 100 is reduced in size. In addition, since the meshing pitch circle diameter 2r1 of the rudder shaft gear 2 with which the planetary gear 20 meshes and the meshing pitch circle diameter 2r3 of the fixed shaft gear 4 with which the planetary gear 10 meshes are different, the carrier 5 rotates around the fixed shaft 3. Accordingly, the rudder shaft 1 rotates relative to the fixed shaft 3. In this way, the drive source 6a transmits the driving force to the rudder shaft 1 via the two-stage gears, and the rudder shaft 1 rotates relative to the fixed shaft 3, so the rudder is driven with a high reduction ratio. A steering machine 100 can be provided.

  Further, in the steering machine 100 of the present embodiment, the modules of the rudder shaft gear 2, the fixed shaft gear 4, the planetary gear 10, and the planetary gear 20 are equal, and the total number of teeth of the fixed shaft gear 4 and the planetary gear 10 is It is equal to the total number of teeth of the rudder shaft gear 2 and the planetary gear 20. By doing so, the planetary gear 10 and the planetary gear 20 can be appropriately supported by the same planetary shaft 30 when using gears having the same module.

  The steering machine 100 of the present embodiment includes a bearing pad 40 that is disposed between the rudder shaft gear 2 and the fixed shaft gear 4 and supports the load in the axial direction of the rudder shaft 1. By doing in this way, while the axial load of the rudder axle 1 is supported appropriately, the steering machine 100 is reduced in size compared with the case where the axial load of the rudder axle 1 is supported by another structure. be able to.

  Further, in the steering machine 100 of the present embodiment, the drive source 6a is installed on the seat 7 on which the fixed shaft 3 is installed. By doing in this way, the drive source 6a can be installed in the base 7 in which the fixed shaft 3 is installed, and the drive force of the drive source 6a can be appropriately transmitted to the carrier 5.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a damper 50 is provided around the rudder shaft 1 instead of the clutch mechanism 40 being disposed on the rudder shaft 1. Since the structure of the other steering machine 100 is the same, the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, the damper 50 is a damper device having a mechanical mechanism connected to the rudder shaft 1 and the hull 60. As the damper device, a generally known device can be applied. By providing the damper 50 between the rudder shaft 1 and the hull 60, the damper 50 buffers rotation around the rudder shaft 1. Therefore, the influence of the dynamic load input to the gear mechanism by the sudden change in the rotation direction of the rudder shaft 1 can be reduced.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the damper 50 may be realized by filling oil 51 between the rudder shaft 1 and the hull 60. The oil 51 makes it possible to obtain viscous resistance when the rudder shaft 1 rotates. The rudder shaft 1 may be subjected to viscous resistance by the oil 51 in at least a part of the rudder shaft 1 in the axial direction. Also in this case, the damper 50 by the oil 51 is provided between the rudder shaft 1 and the hull 60, so that the damper 50 buffers rotation around the rudder shaft 1. Therefore, the influence of the dynamic load input to the gear mechanism by the sudden change in the rotation direction of the rudder shaft 1 can be reduced. And it becomes possible to prevent the steering machine 100 from being damaged by the dynamic behavior of the rudder shaft 1.

In the first and second embodiments described above, the configuration in which the driving force of the driving source 6a is transmitted to the rudder shaft 1 in two stages has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this example. Also in the case of a configuration in which the driving force of the driving source is transmitted to the rudder shaft in one step, the planetary gear meshing with the rudder shaft gear may have the first gear and the second gear described above.
Further, the planetary gear mechanism is not limited to the above-described example, and may be a planetary gear mechanism having another configuration. At this time, the planetary gear meshing with the rudder shaft gear includes the first gear and the second gear described above. You may do it.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rudder shaft 1a Flange part 2 Rudder shaft gear 3 Fixed shaft 4 Fixed shaft gear 5 Carrier 5b Carrier gear 6 Drive device 6a Drive source 6b Drive shaft 6c Drive gear 7 Seat 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d Planetary gear 15 Steer bearing 16 Support shaft 17 Seat 18 Rudder shaft support mechanisms 20a, 20b, 20c, 20d Planetary gears 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d Planetary shaft 40 Clutch mechanism 50 Damper 100 Steering machine

Claims (2)

Rudder axle,
A rudder axle gear fixed to the end of the rudder axle;
A fixed shaft gear fixed to the end of a fixed shaft provided with the same axis as the rudder shaft and fixed to the hull side;
A carrier rotatably installed around the fixed shaft and having a carrier gear on its outer periphery;
A driving gear for transmitting a driving force to the carrier gear and rotating the carrier around the fixed shaft;
An electric motor for driving the drive gear ;
With
The carrier has a plurality of planetary axes;
Each of the plurality of planetary shafts rotatably supports a first planetary gear meshing with the fixed shaft gear and a second planetary gear meshing with the rudder shaft gear,
The steering shaft has a clutch mechanism that can move in a direction perpendicular to or oblique to an axial direction. Rudder axle,
A rudder axle gear fixed to the end of the rudder axle;
A fixed shaft gear fixed to the end of a fixed shaft provided with the same axis as the rudder shaft and fixed to the hull side;
A carrier rotatably installed around the fixed shaft and having a carrier gear on its outer periphery;
A driving gear for transmitting a driving force to the carrier gear and rotating the carrier around the fixed shaft;
An electric motor for driving the drive gear ;
A damper that is installed around the rudder axis and cushions rotation about the axis of the rudder axis;
Equipped with a,
The carrier has a plurality of planetary axes;
A steering machine in which each of the plurality of planetary shafts rotatably supports a first planetary gear meshing with the fixed shaft gear and a second planetary gear meshing with the rudder shaft gear .

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