JP5823967B2 - 気相ヒドロホルミル化方法 - Google Patents
気相ヒドロホルミル化方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5823967B2 JP5823967B2 JP2012534224A JP2012534224A JP5823967B2 JP 5823967 B2 JP5823967 B2 JP 5823967B2 JP 2012534224 A JP2012534224 A JP 2012534224A JP 2012534224 A JP2012534224 A JP 2012534224A JP 5823967 B2 JP5823967 B2 JP 5823967B2
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- catalyst
- ligand
- hydroformylation
- reaction
- radicals
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 71
- 238000007037 hydroformylation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 52
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 45
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims description 139
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 128
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000008301 phosphite esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 25
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
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- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 18
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 17
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- AESQDCMZHBUWPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4h-1,3,2-dioxaphosphinine Chemical compound C1OPOC=C1 AESQDCMZHBUWPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
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- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
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- 239000003495 polar organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011949 solid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 201000009032 substance abuse Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000003107 substituted aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BJIOGJUNALELMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-isoeugenol Natural products COC1=CC(C=CC)=CC=C1O BJIOGJUNALELMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphite Chemical class C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002221 trityl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C([*])(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1[H])[H])[H])[H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005023 xylyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/18—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms
- B01J31/1845—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes containing nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic or antimony as complexing atoms, e.g. in pyridine ligands, or in resonance therewith, e.g. in isocyanide ligands C=N-R or as complexed central atoms the ligands containing phosphorus
- B01J31/185—Phosphites ((RO)3P), their isomeric phosphonates (R(RO)2P=O) and RO-substitution derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07B—GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C07B41/00—Formation or introduction of functional groups containing oxygen
- C07B41/06—Formation or introduction of functional groups containing oxygen of carbonyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C45/00—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds
- C07C45/49—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reaction with carbon monoxide
- C07C45/50—Preparation of compounds having >C = O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atoms; Preparation of chelates of such compounds by reaction with carbon monoxide by oxo-reactions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/06—Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
- C07F9/08—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
- C07F9/141—Esters of phosphorous acids
- C07F9/145—Esters of phosphorous acids with hydroxyaryl compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
- C07F9/6564—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/6571—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms having phosphorus and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07F9/6574—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
- C07F9/65746—Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus the molecule containing more than one cyclic phosphorus atom
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Description
本発明は、1種以上のアルデヒド生成物を製造するための、オレフィン系不飽和化合物をヒドロホルミル化する改良方法に関する。
下式を有する6,6'-[[4,4'-ビス(1,1-ジメチルエチル)-[1,1'-ビナフチル]-2,2'-ジイル]ビス(オキシ)]ビスジベンゾ[d,f][1,3,2]-ジオキサホスフェピン
下式を有するリン酸の2'-[[4,8-ビス(1,1-ジメチルエチル)-2,10-ジメトキシジベンゾ[d,f][1,3,2]-ジオキサホスフェピン-6-イル]オキシ]-3,3'-ビス(1,1-ジメチルエチル)-5,5'-ジメトキシ[1,1'-ビフェニル]-2-イルビス(4-ヘキシルフェニル)エステル
下式を有するリン酸の3-メトキシ-1,3-シクロヘキサメチレンテトラキス[3,6-ビス(1,1-ジメチルエチル)-2-ナフタレニル]エステル
方法A:316本のステンレス製Uチューブ又はガラス製チューブからなる気相反応器において反応を行う。チューブを熱制御オイル浴中で加熱する。反応系はコンピュータにより制御され、無人で24時間操作可能である。H2、CO、オレフィン及びN2は独立に反応器に供給される。反応器の下降流側はガラスビーズが充填されており、プレヒータとして機能する。触媒は反応器の上昇流部位の初めに配置されている。触媒容量は1.5mLである。チューブの残りにはガラスビーズが充填されている。反応器を出る生成物流は気相中に保持され、オンラインガスクロマトグラフ(GC)に送られ、そこで分析される。生成物混合物中に観察される唯一の化合物は未反応供給材料、イソアルデヒド、及びノルマルアルデヒドである。飽和炭化水素もしくはアルドール縮合生成物は検出されない。
以下のようにして触媒を調製する。N2ドライボックス中において、0.0267gのRh(CO)2AcAc及び0.0865gのリガンドD(リガンドD:Rh=1)を1.5mLのテトラヒドロフラン(THF)に溶解する。この溶液を1ステップで2.04gの10-20メッシュKA−160(市販入手可能なシリカ)に加える。この混合物を穏やかに振盪し、ついでドライボックスから出し、密閉したバイアルにいれ、約1/2時間回転させる。この触媒は0.5wt%のロジウムを含んでいる。次いで、0.760g(1.5mL)の触媒を反応器チューブに入れる。この触媒は、H2:CO=1:1中において70℃、100psigにおいて2時間加熱することにより「活性化」される。流速は約10SLHである。
ロジウムの量が0.125wt%であり、リガンドD:Rhの比が1.5であり、当初の条件が50℃及び50psigであることを除き、例1を繰り返す。48時間後、60のn/i及び59.2lb/ft3 cat-hrのアルデヒド形成において触媒活性はピークである。この活性は低下し、21.7lb/ft3 cat-hrにおいて200時間比較的安定を保つ。n/iは本質的に一定である。
ロジウムの量が0.06wt%であり、リガンドD:Rhの比が1.5であり、当初の条件が60℃及び25psigであることを除き、例1を繰り返す。まず48lb/ft3 cat-hrまで上昇し、ついで31lb/ft3 cat-hrまで低下する。時間に対する活性を図1に示す。9日において、合成ガスを反応器に入れる前に水に通すことにより水で飽和させる。40のn/iにおいて33lb/ft3 cat-hrに活性は上昇する。図1は触媒に対する安定化効果を明確に示している。
例1と同様にしてリガンドU:Rh=1.5である0.125wt%ロジウム触媒を調製し、60℃、25psigにて方法Aを用いて実験を行う。触媒はH2:CO=1:1にて60℃で2時間加熱することにより「活性化」する。流速は約10 SLHである。次いでプロピレンを加え、プロピレン=6.74SLH、H2=2.6SLH、及びCO=1.60SLHに調整する。合成ガスは開始から43日まで水で飽和しない。触媒活性は時間とともに徐々に上昇し、20.5lb/ft3 cat-hrで一定となる(当初の上昇は残留触媒活性を示している)。この条件でn/iは114である。39日で開始し、全ての速度は半分に低下する。活性及びn/iはそれぞれ17.5lb/ft3 cat-hr及び100に低下する。42日において、水−飽和合成ガスが開始する。70日まで活性は21lb/ft3 cat-hrまで徐々に上昇し、1/2の流速においてさえも当初の触媒の活性よりも高い。
ガラス反応器チューブに、入口ガス供給スパージャー以上のレベルまでガラスビーズを入れる。次に、10-20メッシュのKA-160を担体として加え、反応器をシールし、N2中に入れる。例1と同様にして、しかし方法Bを用いて、THFに溶解したRh(CO)2AcAc及びリガンドD(L:Rh=1.15)をシリンジにてKA-160に加える。ロジウム濃度は520ppmである。プロピレンを加える前に例1と同様にして触媒を現場で活性化させる。反応の間、リガンドを触媒に加える。以下のようにして定期的に緩衝液によって触媒も洗浄する。結果を図3に示す。実験は70℃、100psig、H2=2.80SLH、CO=1.60SLH、及びプロピレン=6.74SLHにて開始する。合成ガスは水飽和する(残留触媒活性化期間及び当初の過活性は存在しない)。4日において、THF中0.5当量のリガンドDを触媒に加える。37.2lb/ft3 cat-hr及びn/i比52において活性は一定となる。8日から39日まで、活性は一定である。
以下のようにしてトリオスガノホスフィットリガンドを用いて触媒を製造する。全ての工程をN2下で行う。0.0033gのRh(CO)2AcAc及び0.0818gのトリス(2,4-ジ-t-ブチルフェニル)ホスフィットを1.419gのテトラグリムに溶解する。穏やかに加熱後、1.374gのこの混合物を2.001gのKA-160に加える。この混合物を0.5時間回転させる。得られる触媒は354ppmのロジウムを含み、リガンド:Rhのモル比は10である。
例5に記載のようにして触媒を調製する。この例において、供給材料は1−ブテンである。この目的は、1−ブテンが気相触媒により容易にヒドロホルミル化されるか否かを決定することである。
Claims (10)
- 少なくとも1種のアルデヒド生成物を製造するためのヒドロホルミル化方法であって、気相反応条件においてヒドロホルミル化触媒の存在下で一酸化炭素、水素及び1種以上のオレフィン系不飽和化合物を接触させることを含み、前記触媒が少なくとも1種のオルガノホスフィットリガンドを含むリガンドと触媒金属を含み、前記触媒が担体上に物理吸着されており、少なくとも一部の時間水蒸気が存在している方法。
- アルデヒドがいくらか形成された後に、追加量のリガンドが触媒と少なくとも1回接触する、請求項1記載の方法。
- アルデヒドがいくらか形成された後に、触媒が緩衝溶液と接触する、請求項1又は2記載の方法。
- 水の量(モル)が触媒金属の量(モル)の少なくとも0.001倍である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 供給流体としてヒドロホルミル化反応器の排流を用いる、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- ヒドロホルミル化反応の開始後に少なくとも1回、追加量のリガンドが反応ゾーンに供給される、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1種のアルデヒド生成物を連続製造するためのヒドロホルミル化方法であって、連続反応条件においてヒドロホルミル化反応ガス中で、触媒金属及び下式
- ヒドロホルミル化による少なくとも1種のアルデヒド生成物の製造方法であって、(a)気相反応条件において反応ゾーンにおいて、ヒドロホルミル化触媒の存在下で一酸化炭素、水素及び1種以上のオレフィン系不飽和化合物を接触させること、ここで前記触媒は少なくとも1種のオルガノホスフィットリガンドを含むリガンド及び触媒金属を含む担持された触媒であり、前記触媒は担体に担持されており、反応の活性を実質的に維持するに十分な量の水蒸気が少なくとも一部の時間存在しており、以下の工程の少なくとも1つ、(b)ヒドロホルミル化反応の開始後少なくとも1回、反応ゾーンに追加量のリガンドを加えること、及び(c)担持された触媒を緩衝液と接触させること、を含む方法。
- 前記緩衝液が液体溶液であり、触媒と緩衝液を接触させる前に反応を止め、接触後に前記緩衝液が反応ゾーンから実質的に取り出され、反応が再び開始される、請求項9記載の方法。
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PCT/US2010/051576 WO2011046781A1 (en) | 2009-10-16 | 2010-10-06 | Gas phase hydroformylation process |
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EP (1) | EP2488539B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5823967B2 (ja) |
CN (2) | CN107266298A (ja) |
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- 2010-10-06 JP JP2012534224A patent/JP5823967B2/ja active Active
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JP7414234B2 (ja) | 2019-12-09 | 2024-01-16 | 株式会社小林製作所 | 戸板の自開機構、およびそれを備える引き違い戸板または折戸 |
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WO2011046781A1 (en) | 2011-04-21 |
EP2488539B1 (en) | 2016-01-06 |
CN102574878A (zh) | 2012-07-11 |
EP2488539B2 (en) | 2023-12-20 |
US20120190894A1 (en) | 2012-07-26 |
EP2488539A1 (en) | 2012-08-22 |
ZA201202751B (en) | 2013-06-26 |
US8586800B2 (en) | 2013-11-19 |
CN107266298A (zh) | 2017-10-20 |
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