JP5819824B2 - ε−ポリリシン接合体およびその使用 - Google Patents
ε−ポリリシン接合体およびその使用 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5819824B2 JP5819824B2 JP2012520925A JP2012520925A JP5819824B2 JP 5819824 B2 JP5819824 B2 JP 5819824B2 JP 2012520925 A JP2012520925 A JP 2012520925A JP 2012520925 A JP2012520925 A JP 2012520925A JP 5819824 B2 JP5819824 B2 JP 5819824B2
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- monomer units
- oligomer
- polylysine
- conjugate
- compound
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- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 108700012359 toxins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000010487 tragacanth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000196 tragacanth Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116362 tragacanth Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-aconitic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)=CC(O)=O GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008733 trauma Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZGYICYBLPGRURT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(propan-2-yl)silicon Chemical compound CC(C)[Si](C(C)C)C(C)C ZGYICYBLPGRURT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010248 tubular secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000003390 tumor necrosis factor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002485 urinary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036325 urinary excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000002327 urinary tract obstruction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000025033 vasoconstriction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002544 virustatic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008215 water for injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930195724 β-lactose Natural products 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A61K49/085—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by the carrier conjugated systems
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/54—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic compound
- A61K47/542—Carboxylic acids, e.g. a fatty acid or an amino acid
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
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- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/62—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being a protein, peptide or polyamino acid
- A61K47/64—Drug-peptide, drug-protein or drug-polyamino acid conjugates, i.e. the modifying agent being a peptide, protein or polyamino acid which is covalently bonded or complexed to a therapeutically active agent
- A61K47/645—Polycationic or polyanionic oligopeptides, polypeptides or polyamino acids, e.g. polylysine, polyarginine, polyglutamic acid or peptide TAT
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K49/00—Preparations for testing in vivo
- A61K49/06—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations
- A61K49/08—Nuclear magnetic resonance [NMR] contrast preparations; Magnetic resonance imaging [MRI] contrast preparations characterised by the carrier
- A61K49/10—Organic compounds
- A61K49/14—Peptides, e.g. proteins
- A61K49/146—Peptides, e.g. proteins the peptide being a polyamino acid, e.g. poly-lysine
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- A61K51/00—Preparations containing radioactive substances for use in therapy or testing in vivo
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- A61K51/04—Organic compounds
- A61K51/0497—Organic compounds conjugates with a carrier being an organic compounds
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- C07K7/00—Peptides having 5 to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
- C07K7/04—Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links
- C07K7/06—Linear peptides containing only normal peptide links having 5 to 11 amino acids
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- C07K7/00—Peptides having 5 to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence; Derivatives thereof
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Description
古典的な放射線写真撮影において、X線の組織特異性減衰は、X線フィルム上に描写される。例えば骨などの「硬組織」は、例えば脂肪および筋肉などの「柔軟な」組織とは対照的に、ここで大量の放射線を吸収する。使用するX線造影剤は、高い原子番号を有する元素を含有する物質、例えば血管造影のためのヨウ素含有分子である。さらなる開発として、放射線写真撮影は、断面画像を提供する。CTにおいては、放射線写真を、センサー(検出器)によって種々の方向から記録し、コンピューターによって三次元放射線写真撮影として再現する。CTの広い適用可能性のために、この方法は、「古典的放射線学の主力商品」として知られている。しかし、当該方法の低い感度によって、分子イメージングのための方法としてのその使用は限定される。
シンチグラフィーは、寿命の短い放射性核種によって発せられた、放射活性的に標識された物質(放射性トレーサー)のガンマ線を使用する。これらは、身体中の標的組織中に特異的に蓄積する。ガンマカメラの補助によって、発せられた放射線は記録され、画像に変換される。単光子放出コンピューター断層撮影(SPECT)は、シンチグラフィーの三次元的変法である。SPECTにおいて、放射線を、CTにおけるように種々の角度から記録し、三次元画像を、コンピューターにおいて得る。静的SPECTにおいて、特定の時点における放射性トレーサーの濃度を測定する。動的SPECTにおいて、測定を、ある時間間隔において繰り返す。このようにして、蓄積の変化を調査することができる。
臨床的適用において、PETは、診断的放射線学のより構造的に指向したイメージング方法を補完する。陽電子放出断層撮影(PET)は、現代的な機能的イメージング方法である。陽電子を放出する原子によって、それは、放射性同位体の検出における優れた分解能を可能にする(2〜3mmの分解能が、全身の断層撮影の場合においてさえも現代的なPET機器において達成される)。これらの放射性同位体、例えば68Gaを生体分子の標識のために使用する場合には、有機体の個々の器官における生化学的プロセスを、イメージングすることができる。
腎臓部のシンチグラフィーは、静的な、および動的な観点から腎機能の評価を可能にする核医学的調査方法である。ここで、個々の腎臓の血液供給、機能および排泄は、評価される。それは、特に小児における実質の瘢痕形成の認識のための確立された方法であり、さらに局部的な、および側分離された(side-separated)腎機能の評価のための役割を果たす。
腎臓部のシンチグラフィーの2つの形態の間で区別がなされる:
静的な腎臓部のシンチグラフィーにおいて、機能的な腎臓組織を、放射性核種99mTcを使用して表示する。テクネチウムはここで、錯体形態で、例えば2,3−ジメルカプトコハク酸(DMSA)に結合する。静的な腎臓部のシンチグラフィーは、したがって異常(ジストロフィー、馬蹄腎など)または炎症後の状態を有する腎臓の表示に主に適している。
対照的に、動的な腎臓部のシンチグラフィーは、腎機能を調査する。したがって、糸球体濾過率、腎血流量(RBF)および尿細管分泌を、腎機能およびそのクリアランスの問題と共に調査することができる。
・99mTc−MAG3 メルカプトアセチルトリグリシン
・99mTc−DMSA 2,3−ジメルカプトコハク酸
・99mTc−DTPA ジエチレントリアミン五酢酸
・123I−OIH ヒップラン(hippuran)(オルト−ヨード馬尿酸)
・腎臓疾患、例えば腎結石(腎結石症)、腎腫瘍、ジストロフィー性(不正確に位置した)腎臓または形成異常の(奇形の)腎臓における側分離された腎機能の解明のため
・重複腎の場合における部分機能の調査のため
・尿流れ障害の調査のため
・ベシクレナルリフラックス(vesicorenal reflux)(尿路の異常)の解明のため
・腎血管性筋緊張亢進が疑われる場合
・外科的に修復された血管収縮または閉塞の進行コントロールのため
・移植された腎臓の評価のため
・腎臓損傷(腎臓外傷)が疑われる場合の緊急診断における
・突然の大幅に減少した尿排泄(無尿)の場合において、腎臓部の塞栓症または急性尿路閉塞を排除するために
・総クリアランスを決定するために
・尿漏出を検知するかまたは排除するために。
好ましい態様において、オリゴマーは、10〜50のモノマー単位の鎖の長さを有する。
特に好ましい態様において、オリゴマーは、ε−リシンモノマー単位のみから、特にε−リシン単位のみからなる。
a)少なくとも1つの反応性基を含有する本発明のオリゴマーを提供すること、
b)カルボキシル基を担持する少なくとも1種の随意に活性化された化合物をステップa)からのオリゴマーに接合すること
を含む、本発明の化合物の製造方法に関する。
本発明はまた、少なくとも本発明の接合体を含む、医薬または医薬組成物、特に治療的組成物または画像増強組成物に関する。
クエン酸は192g/molのモル質量を有する。カルボキシル基(3×45g/mol)は、その135g/molを構成する。これは、約70%のクエン酸のモル質量におけるカルボキシル基の比率を与える。
M−NH−CO−M−NH−CO−M−NH−CO−M、ここでMは、結合に関与しないモノマーの部分である。
・SPECTについて111In
・PETについて68Ga
・療法について90Y
・MRTについてGd、Eu、Mn
・コンピューター断層撮影法についてタンタル、タングステンまたは高い原子番号を有する他の元素。
ε−リシンモノマー単位は、本発明のオリゴマーにおいてDまたはL形態であり得る。
−NH−SP−CO− I
式中、SPは、C1〜C20アルキレン、アルケニレンまたはアルキニレン基であり得、ここで1つまたは2つ以上の隣接していないメチレン基は、−O−、−S−、−S(O)−、−SO2−、−SO2O−、−C(O)−、−C(O)O−、−CH2−、−CHR’−、−CR’2−、−CR’=CH−、−CH−CR’−、−CH=CH−、−CR’=CR’−、−C≡C−、−N+R’2−、−P(O)R’O−、−C(O)NR’−、−SO2NR’−、−OP(O)R’O−、−P(O)(NR’2)NR’−、−PR’2=N−または−P(O)R’−によって置き換えられていてもよく、
ここでR’=C1〜C6アルキル、C3〜C7シクロアルキル、非置換であるか、または置換されているフェニルである、
で表されるスペーサー官能基を有するモノマー単位である。
A(Lys)n−E III
式中、
nは、5〜1000の数であり、
Aは、
・直接的に、またはスペーサーもしくは樹枝状官能基を介して結合した1種もしくは2種以上の荷電の、または非荷電の末端基、例えば水素、−CN、−OR’、−NR’2、−P(O)R’2、−P(O)(OR’)2、−P(O)(NR’2)2、−C(O)R’、−C(O)OR’、−C(O)OH、−C(O)NR’2、−SO2NR’2、−C(O)Hal、SO2OH、−SO2Hal、−NO2、−Hal、あるいは
・直接的に、またはスペーサーもしくは樹枝状官能基を介して結合した1種または2種以上の基、例えばカルボキシル基を担持する化合物、活性化合物分子、錯化剤、色素、1種もしくは2種以上の同一の、もしく異なるアミノ酸、ペプチド、タンパク質、可溶化剤、保護基もしくは固相
であり、
・直接的に、またはスペーサーもしくは樹枝状官能基を介して結合した1種または2種以上の荷電の、または非荷電の末端基、例えば水素、−CN、−OR’、−NH2、NHR’、−NR’2、−P(O)R’2、−P(O)(OR’)2、−P(O)(NR’2)2、−C(O)R’、−C(O)OR’、−C(O)OH、−C(O)NR’2、−SO2NR’2、−C(O)Hal、SO2OH、−SO2Hal、−NO2、−Hal、あるいは
・直接的に、またはスペーサーもしくは樹枝状官能基を介して結合した1種または2種以上の基、例えばカルボキシル基を担持する化合物、活性化合物分子、錯化剤、色素、1種もしくは2種以上の同一の、もしく異なるアミノ酸、ペプチド、タンパク質、可溶化剤、保護基もしくは固相
であり、
・既に示した定義に相当するε−リシンモノマー単位
・式IまたはIIに適合するモノマー単位
(NHM−CO) IV
式中、Mは、互いに独立して、
−、−O−、−S、−S(O)、−SO2−、−SO2O−、−C(O)−、−C(O)O−、−CH2−、−CHR’、−CR’2−、CR’=CH、−CH−CR’−、−CH=CH−、−CR’=CR’、−C≡C、−N+R’2−、−P(O)R’O−、−C(O)NR’−、−SO2NR’、−OP(O)R’O−、−P(O)(NR’2)NR’−、−PR’2=N−もしくは−P(O)R’−
または
・1〜20個のC原子を有する直鎖状もしくは分枝状アルキル、
・2〜20個のC原子および1つもしくは2つ以上の二重結合を有する直鎖状もしくは分枝状アルケニル、
・2〜20個のC原子および1つもしくは2つ以上の三重結合を有する直鎖状もしくは分枝状アルキニル、
・3〜7個のC原子を有し、1〜6個のC原子を有するアルキル基によって置換されていてもよい、飽和の、部分的に、もしくは完全に不飽和のシクロアルキル
を示すことができ、
ここで、1つまたは2つ以上のメチレン基は、互いに独立して−O−、−S−、−S(O)−、−SO2−、−SO2O−、−C(O)−、−C(O)O−、−CH2−、−CHR’−、−CR’2−、−CR’=CH−、−CH−CR’−、−CH=CH−、−CR’=CR’−、−C≡C−、−N+R’2−、−P(O)R’O−、−C(O)NR’−、−SO2NR’−、−OP(O)R’O−、−P(O)(NR’2)NR’−、−PR’2=N−または−P(O)R’−によって置き換えられていてもよく、
R’は、直鎖状または分枝状C1〜C8アルキル、C3〜C7シクロアルキル、非置換または置換フェニルであり、
R’’は、直鎖状または分枝状C1〜C8アルキル、C3〜C7シクロアルキル、非置換または置換フェニル、
あるいは−CN、−OR’、−NH2、NHR’、−NR’2、−P(O)R’2、−P(O)(OR’)2、−P(O)(NR’2)2、−C(O)R’、−C(O)OR’、−C(O)OH、−C(O)NR’2、−SO2NR’2、−C(O)Hal、SO2OH、−SO2Hal、−NO2、−Halであり、また
Hal=−F、−Cl、−Brまたは−Iである、
に適合する基
であり、
によって表すことができる。
−C(O)OR’、−C(O)OH、−C(O)NR’2もしくは−C(O)Halあるいは
直接的に、またはスペーサーもしくは樹枝状官能基を介して結合した1種または2種以上の要素、例えばカルボキシル基を担持する化合物、活性化合物、錯化剤、ペプチド、可溶化剤、保護基、固相もしくは色素
である。
あるいは直接的に、またはスペーサーもしくは樹枝状官能基を介して結合した1種または2種以上の活性化合物分子である。
−H、−CH3、−CH2CH3
あるいは
直接的に、またはスペーサーもしくは樹枝状官能基を介して結合した1種または2種以上の要素、例えばカルボキシル基を担持する化合物、活性化合物、錯化剤、ペプチド、可溶化剤、保護基、固相もしくは色素
である。
直接的に、またはスペーサーもしくは樹枝状官能基を介して結合した1種または2種以上の活性化合物分子である。
ここでは、均一な、または種々の鎖の長さを有する合成の、または天然のε−ポリリシンを、典型的にはカルボキシル基を担持する対応する化合物と、溶液中で反応させる。このために、例えば、先ず、カルボキシル基を担持する化合物を活性化することができる。これを、例えば、それらを活性エステルまたは酸塩化物に変換することによるそれらのカルボキシル基の1つまたは2つ以上の活性化によって行うことができる。これに、ε−ポリリシンとの反応が続き、ここで当該接合は、好ましくは遊離のアミノ基にて起こる。
特に接合体が、ε−リシンからなるものではなく、または誘導体化されたε−リシンモノマー単位からなる1種または2種以上のモノマー単位を含むべきである場合には、本発明の接合体の調製のための固相合成が、有利であり得る。この固相合成を、慣用のペプチド合成(例えばFmocペプチド合成またはBocペプチド合成)に相当する方式で行う。このタイプの固相合成は、当業者に知られている。
分子が錯化剤を含有する場合には、金属イオンを、既知の方法によって錯化することができる。
・医薬としての、
・医薬として使用するための、
・医薬中の活性化合物または活性要素としての、
・診断薬としての、
・診断薬として使用するための、
・腎臓のターゲティングにおいて使用するための、
・および特に腎臓の疾患の処置のための医薬としての、
1種または2種以上の活性化合物が好ましくは共有結合している本発明の接合体、ならびに/またはそれらの薬学的に使用可能な塩および立体異性体、ならびにすべての比率でのそれらの混合物、ならびに随意に賦形剤および/またはアジュバントに関する。
直腸内投与のために適合された医薬処方物を、坐剤または浣腸剤の形態で投与することができる。
上記で特定的に述べた要素に加えて、処方物はまた、処方物の特定のタイプに関して当該分野において普通である他の剤を含むことができることは、言うまでもない;したがって、例えば、経口投与に適する処方物は、風味剤を含んでいてもよい。
腎臓毒性物質の再吸収を遮断するための本発明の接合体の使用もまた、可能である。
1.物質合成
例1(ε−L−ポリリシン−DOTA)
DOTA 2,6−ジフルオロフェニルエステル:DOTAおよび2,6−ジフルオロフェノールからDCCを用いて(Mier et al. Bioconjugate Chem. 2005, 16, 237)
平均モル質量約4000のε−L−ポリリシン(主に29〜34のリシン単位からなる)を、Chisso Corp.(日本国)から25%水溶液として購入し、凍結乾燥する。ε−ポリリシン(30mg)を、水(200μl)に溶解し、DOTA 2,6−ジフルオロフェニルエステル(100mg)をメタノール(1ml)に溶解した溶液を加え、100μlのN,N−ジイソプロピルエチルアミンを加え、混合物をRTで2日間撹拌する。次に、DOTA 2,6−ジフルオロフェニルエステル(100mg)を再び加え、混合物をRTで一晩撹拌した。当該混合物を次に水で希釈し、HPLCによって分取的に精製する。清浄な画分を、一緒に凍結乾燥する。DOTA−ε−ポリリシン(98mg)が、無色固体物質として得られる。ε−ポリリシンの分子あたりのDOTA単位の数を、Gdを負荷させることにより、およびMSにより、ε−ポリリシンの分子あたり約10のDOTA単位であると決定する;即ち、ε−ポリリシンのアミノ基の約30%が、反応した。
75mgのε−L−ポリリシンおよび310mgのDTPAジフルオロフェニルエステルテトラt−ブチルエステルを、4mlのメタノールに溶解し、RTで20時間撹拌する。反応溶液を蒸発させ、4mlのTFA+100μlの水を残留物に加え、20時間放置する。生成物を、ジエチルエーテルを使用して沈殿させる。HPLCによる精製および凍結乾燥によって、150mgが無色固体として得られる。
1.5mgのε−L−ポリリシン−DOTAを、500μlのエタノール、100μlのDMSOおよび500μlの0.4M酢酸ナトリウム緩衝液、pH5に溶解する。30μlのこの溶液を30μlの緩衝液で希釈し、111InCl3(20MBq)を加え、混合物を70℃で8分間加熱する。ラジオ−HPLC(radio-HPLC)によって、完全な錯化が示される。
50μlの例3からのε−L−ポリリシン−DOTAの溶液を、100μlの50MBqの68GaCl3(pH3)の溶液に加え、混合物を、95℃で10分間加熱する。HPLCによって、完全な錯化が示される。
10mgのε−L−ポリリシン−DOTAおよび50mgのGdCl3六水和物を、600μlの0.4M酢酸ナトリウム緩衝液、pH5中で、60℃で30分間加熱する。HPLCによる精製および凍結乾燥によって、10mgが無色固体として得られる。
50mgのε−L−ポリリシン−DOTAを3mlのメタノールに溶解し、200μlのトリエチルアミンおよび200μlのトリフルオロ酢酸エチルを加え、混合物をRTで1時間撹拌する。水およびアセトニトリルを含む溶出勾配を使用したRP−HPLCによる精製および凍結乾燥によって、35mgが無色固体として得られる。
エナラプリル:エナラプリルマレエート(Bosche Scientific)を、Dowex 50WX8を含むカラムに適用し、中性になるまで水で洗浄する。次に、エナラプリルを、水中の2%ピリシンで溶出し、溶媒を蒸発させ、残留物をアセトニトリルと共に多数回蒸発させる。エナラプリルが無色油として得られ、それをさらに直接使用する。
エナラプリラート(enalaprilate)t−ブチルエステル:合成を、エナラプリルt−ブチルエステルから、NaOHを使用して行う(Iwasaki et al. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 37(2) 280 (1989)。
N,N’−ジイソプロピル−O−ベンジルイソ尿素:合成を、ベンジルアルコールおよびN,N’−ジシクロヘキシルカルボジイミドから行う(Mathias, Synthesis 1979, 561.)。
13Cおよび1H−NMRによって、示した構造が確認される。
溶液A:100μlのアセトニトリルに溶解した8mgのエナラプリル誘導体4
溶液B:650μlの水および350μlのアセトニトリルに溶解した100mgのε−ポリリシン
5μlのN,N−ジイソプロピルエチルアミンを、100μlの溶液Bに加え、混合する。次に、25μlの溶液Aを、可能な限り迅速に加え、混合する。数分後、HPLCによって、未反応のε−ポリリシンのピークおよび新たな主要なピークが示されるが、もはやエナラプリル誘導体4についてのピークは示されない。新たに生成した生成物を、分取HPLCによって単離し、MSによって所望のモノ−エナラプリル−ε−ポリリシン誘導体であると特徴づける。
ラパマイシン 42−ヘミスクシネート:ラパマイシン(LC-Laboratories)無水コハク酸およびCandida antarictica (Sigma)からのリパーゼアクリル樹脂から調製する。(Gu et al. Org. Lett. 2005, 7, 3945-3948)
ε−ポリリシン(3mlの25%水溶液;Chisso)を水(30ml)で希釈し、TFAを使用してpH約3に調整し、凍結乾燥する。
溶液A:500μlのアセトニトリルに溶解した30mgのラパマイシン 42−ヘミスクシニル−NHSエステル
溶液B:500mgのε−ポリリシン(酸性、上記を参照)を、5mlの水:アセトニトリル(2:1)に溶解し、トリエチルアミンの添加によってpH7〜7.5に調整する。
4−クロロ(2−ピリジル))N−2−ヒドロキシエチルカルボキサミド(S−2):メチル4−クロロピリシン−2−カルボキシレート塩酸塩(S−1)(2.08g;10mmol)(Bankston et al. Organic Process Research & Development 2002, 6, 777-781)を、最初にメタノール(5ml)中に導入し、氷中で冷却する。THF(50ml)中のエタノールアミン(3ml;50mmol)を10分にわたり滴加し、次に混合物を、0°でさらに3時間およびその後RTで一晩撹拌する。蒸発の後、残留物を酢酸エチル中に吸収させ、5%NaHCO3で洗浄し、有機溶液を乾燥し、蒸発させる。生成物S−2(1.84g、91%)が、淡黄色固体物質として高純度において得られる(HPLC)。
ε−ポリリシン(3mlの25%水溶液;Chisso)を、水(30ml)で希釈し、TFAを使用してpH約3に調整し、凍結乾燥する。
溶液A:500μlのアセトニトリルに溶解した17mgのソラフェニブ誘導体S−6
溶液B:500mgのε−ポリリシン(酸性、上記を参照)を、5mlの水:アセトニトリル(2:1)に溶解し、トリエチルアミンの添加によってpH7〜7.5に調整する。
1.器官分布研究
薬物動態学を決定するために、ε−ポリリシン−DOTAを、合成例2/3に従って放射活性核種111Inで標識し、NMRIマウスに、各々尾静脈を介して3匹の動物の群において注入する。使用した量は、動物あたり約5μgのε−ポリリシン−DOTAであり、用量は、動物あたり約1MBqである。
PET測定のために、標識づけを、合成例4に従って68−ガリウムを用いて行い、腎臓蓄積を、小動物PETスキャナー(Siemens)において動的に調査する。化合物(ε−L−ポリリシン−DOTA、68Gaを負荷させた)が非凡に良好な器官対背景比率を達成し、事実上専ら腎臓中に蓄積することが、ここで見出される。ここでの典型的な値は、身体の残部に対しての腎臓における10倍の蓄積である。
99mTc−MAG3の、および99mTc−DMSAの取り込みを、(ε−L−ポリリシン−DOTA、111Inを負荷させた)の取り込みと、ラットおよびマウスモデルにおいて、平面状シンチグラフ(planar scintigraph)において比較する。両方の既知のトレーサーは、本発明の物質よりも劣悪な腎臓対背景比率を示す。
カルボキシル基を担持する種々の化合物の腎臓における蓄積に対する効果を調査するために、ε−ポリリシンを、DOTA単位と接合して、動物実験のための放射性核種での標識づけを促進する。1つのDOTA単位に加えて、カルボキシル基を担持する他の化合物の、またはカルボキシル基を担持しない化合物の複数の単位を、それに接合する。これらの接合体の器官分布研究によって、接合の後にカルボキシル基を含有しないDO−3AM(1,4,7,10−テトラアザシクロドデカン−N,−N’,−N’’,−トリアミド,N’’’−一酢酸、大環状化合物)との接合体が、腎臓における蓄積を示し、それが、DOTA基を用いて既に達成されている蓄積を超過せず、一方クエン酸との接合体が優れた蓄積を示し、コハク酸との接合体が腎臓における良好な蓄積を示すことが、示される。
Claims (19)
- カルボキシル基を担持する少なくとも1種の化合物と、ペプチド的に結合したモノマー単位からなり、50%を超える(モノマー単位の数を基準とする)ε−リシン単位から構成されるか、または少なくとも70%(モノマー単位の数を基準とする)のε−リシン単位から構成される少なくとも10の連続的モノマー単位を含むオリゴマーとを含む接合体であって、ここで、該オリゴマー中、前記ε−リシン単位がそれらの側鎖のε−アミノ基を介して結合し、
カルボキシル基を担持する化合物の分子量におけるカルボキシル基の比率が、30%より大きいこと、
該オリゴマーへ接合するカルボキシル基を担持する少なくとも1種の化合物が、2つまたは3つ以上の遊離のカルボキシル基を含有すること、および
該接合体が、10のモノマー単位あたり、カルボキシル基を担持する3〜6の化合物を含有することを特徴とする、
前記接合体。 - さらに、少なくとも1種の活性化合物が接合体に共有結合していることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の接合体。
- 活性化合物が、免疫抑制剤、細胞分裂阻害薬、プロテインキナーゼ阻害剤、免疫療法剤、消炎剤、抗生物質、β−ラクタマーゼ阻害剤、モノバクタム、テトラサイクリン、マクロライド系抗生物質、グリコペプチド系抗生物質、ウイルス増殖抑止剤、抗高血圧剤、ACE阻害剤、レニン阻害剤、ベータブロッカー、尿酸排泄薬、および利尿薬の群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の接合体。
- 活性化合物が、アザチオプリン、ミコフェノール酸モフェチル、シクロスポリン、タクロリムス、シロリムス、フィンゴリモド、トリプトライド、ブレオマイシン、ダクチノマイシン、マイトマイシン、ダウノルビシン、ドキソルビシン、エピルビシン、イダルビシン、ミトキサントロン、アムサクリン、ドキシフルリジン、シスプラチン、カルボプラチン、オキサリプラチン、サトラプラチン、カンプトテシン、トポテカン、イリノテカン、エトポシド、テニポシド、シクロホスファミド、トロホスファミド、メルファラン、クロラムブチル、エストラムスチン、ブスルファン、クロラムブシル、クロルメチン、トレオスルファン、カルムスチン、ロムスチン、ニムスチン、プロカルバジン、ストレプトゾシン、ダカルバジン、イホスファミド、テモゾロミド、チオテパ、ビノレルビン、ビンクリスチン、ビンブラスチン、ビンデシン、パクリタキセル、ドセタキセル、メトトレキサート、ペメトレキセド、ラルチトレキセド、フルオロウラシル、カペシタビン、シトシンアラビノシド、ゲムシタビン、チオグアニン、ペントスタチン、メルカプトプリン、フルダラビン、クラドリビン、ヒドロキシカルバミド、ミトタン、アザシチジン、ネララビン、ボルテゾミブ、アナグレリド、イマチニブ、エルロチニブ、スニチニブ、ソラフェニブ、ダサチニブ、ラパチニブもしくはニロチニブ、セツキシマブ、アレムツズマブ、ベバシズマブ、ナプロキセン、イブプロフェン、インドメタシン、プレドニゾロン、プレドニゾン、ヒドロコルチゾン、ブデソニド、ペニシリン、ベンジルペニシリン、メチシリン、アモキシシリン、セファロスポリン、セフロキシム、セフォタキシム、セファドロキシル、セフィキシム、クラブラン酸、スルバクタム、タゾバクタム、カルバペネム、イミペネム、メロペネム、アズトレオナム、テトラサイクリン、クロルテトラサイクリン、オキシテトラサイクリン、ドキシサイクリン、ミノサイクリン、チゲサイクリン、エリスロマイシンA、バンコマイシン、エンジイン、カリチアマイシン、アシクロビル、バラシクロビル、ガンシクロビル、バルガンシクロビル、ペンシクロビル、ファムシクロビル、ブリブジン、シドホビル、ホスカルネット、イドクスウリジン、トロマンタジン、ベナゼプリル、カプトプリル、シラザプリル、エナラプリル、ホシノプリル、リシノプリル、ペリンドプリル、キナプリル、ラミプリル、トランドラプリル、ゾフェノプリル、サルタン、ロサルタン、バルサルタン、イルベサルタン、カンデサルタン、エプロサルタン、オルメサルタン、テルミサルタン、アリスキレン、プロプラノロール、ピンドロル、ソタロール、ボピンドロール、アテノロール、ビソプロロール、セリプロロール、エスモロール、メトプロロール、ネビボロール、オクスプレノロール、カルベジロールもしくはラベタロール、プロベネシッド、ベンズブロマロン、アセタゾルアミド、フロセミド、トラセミド、ブメタニド、ピレタニド、アゾセミド、エタクリン酸、エトゾリン、ヒドロクロロチアジド、ベンズチアジド、クロロチアジド、クロルタリドン、インダパミド、メフルシド、メトラゾン、クロパミド、キシパミド、ヒドロフルメチアジド、メチクロチアジド、ポリチアジド、アミロライド、トリアムテレン、スピロノラクトン、カンレノン、エプレレノン、およびスピロノラクトンの群から選択されることを特徴とする、請求項2または3に記載の接合体。
- オリゴマーが10〜50のモノマー単位の鎖の長さを有することを特徴とする、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の接合体。
- オリゴマーがε−リシン単位のみからなることを特徴とし、ここで該ε−リシン単位がそれらの側鎖のε−アミノ基を介して結合する、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の接合体。
- オリゴマーがε−ポリリシンからなることを特徴とする、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の接合体。
- カルボキシル基を担持する少なくとも1種の化合物が、直接的に、またはスペーサーを介してε−リシン単位のアミノ基に結合していることを特徴とする、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の接合体。
- カルボキシル基を担持する少なくとも1種の化合物が錯化剤であることを特徴とする、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の接合体。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の接合体の調製方法であって、少なくとも以下のプロセスステップ:
a)ペプチド的に結合したモノマー単位からなり、50%を超える(モノマー単位の数を基準とする)ε−リシン単位から構成されるか、または少なくとも70%(モノマー単位の数を基準とする)のε−リシン単位から構成される少なくとも10の連続的モノマー単位を含むオリゴマーを提供すること、ここで、該オリゴマー中、前記ε−リシン単位がそれらの側鎖のε−アミノ基を介して結合する、
b)カルボキシル基を担持する少なくとも1種の随意に活性化された化合物をステップa)からのオリゴマーに接合すること
を含む、前記方法。 - 医薬としての、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の接合体。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の接合体を含む、腎臓のターゲティングのための医薬。
- 巨大分子に共有結合している、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の少なくとも2種の接合体から構成される巨大分子接合体。
- 少なくとも請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の接合体を含む、医薬。
- 少なくとも請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の接合体を含む、医薬の調製のためのキット。
- 少なくとも請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の接合体を含む、治療的組成物。
- 少なくとも請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の接合体を含む、治療的組成物の調製のためのキット。
- 少なくとも請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の接合体を含む、画像増強組成物。
- 少なくとも請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の接合体を含む、画像増強組成物の調製のためのキット。
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JP5819824B2 true JP5819824B2 (ja) | 2015-11-24 |
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US (1) | US9078929B2 (ja) |
EP (2) | EP2277547A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5819824B2 (ja) |
KR (2) | KR20170037674A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102470181B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2010275778B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR112012001260B1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2768547C (ja) |
DK (1) | DK2456467T3 (ja) |
EA (1) | EA022137B1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2689147T3 (ja) |
HR (1) | HRP20181493T1 (ja) |
HU (1) | HUE039397T2 (ja) |
IL (1) | IL217603A (ja) |
LT (1) | LT2456467T (ja) |
MX (1) | MX2012000575A (ja) |
PL (1) | PL2456467T3 (ja) |
PT (1) | PT2456467T (ja) |
SG (2) | SG177629A1 (ja) |
SI (1) | SI2456467T1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2011009539A1 (ja) |
ZA (1) | ZA201201218B (ja) |
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FR2971713B1 (fr) * | 2011-02-18 | 2019-03-29 | Laboratoire De La Mer | Solution ionique aqueuse contenant de l'eau de mer et au moins un compose originellement non miscible a l'eau de mer. |
GB201106742D0 (en) * | 2011-04-20 | 2011-06-01 | Spheritech Ltd | Cross-linked poly-e-lysine |
US9724434B2 (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2017-08-08 | National University Corporation Okayama University | Lysine oligomer derivative and cartilage tissue marker made thereof |
CN103421187A (zh) * | 2012-05-18 | 2013-12-04 | 华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院 | 一种制备环孢素a完全抗原的方法 |
WO2014094312A1 (zh) * | 2012-12-21 | 2014-06-26 | 上海迪赛诺化学制药有限公司 | 一种酶催化合成核苷氨基酸衍生物的方法 |
LT2994153T (lt) | 2013-05-07 | 2018-11-26 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Peptidų ir peptidų aktyvių ingredientų konjugatas, skirtas vaisto nukreipimui į inkstus |
SI2994152T1 (sl) | 2013-05-07 | 2018-12-31 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Konjugati za zaščito nefrotoksičnih učinkovin |
CN104055787B (zh) * | 2013-07-25 | 2017-04-26 | 北京蓝贝望生物医药科技股份有限公司 | 药用水溶性抗真菌大分子化合物 |
GB201409451D0 (en) | 2014-05-28 | 2014-07-09 | Ipabc Ltd | Antimicrobial preparations, methods for preparing the same and uses thereof to combat microorganisms |
JP6398419B2 (ja) * | 2014-07-23 | 2018-10-03 | コニカミノルタ株式会社 | ソラフェニブを含有する標識剤 |
WO2017013270A1 (en) | 2015-07-23 | 2017-01-26 | Universite De Strasbourg | Use of leptin signaling inhibitor for protecting kidneys from patients having ciliopathy |
WO2019039544A1 (ja) * | 2017-08-23 | 2019-02-28 | 公立大学法人福井県立大学 | クリック官能基をもつε-ポリ-L-リジン誘導体、その製法、及びその用途 |
US10799138B2 (en) | 2018-04-05 | 2020-10-13 | University Of Maryland, Baltimore | Method of administering sotalol IV/switch |
US10512620B1 (en) | 2018-08-14 | 2019-12-24 | AltaThera Pharmaceuticals, LLC | Method of initiating and escalating sotalol hydrochloride dosing |
US11610660B1 (en) | 2021-08-20 | 2023-03-21 | AltaThera Pharmaceuticals LLC | Antiarrhythmic drug dosing methods, medical devices, and systems |
US11696902B2 (en) | 2018-08-14 | 2023-07-11 | AltaThera Pharmaceuticals, LLC | Method of initiating and escalating sotalol hydrochloride dosing |
US11344518B2 (en) | 2018-08-14 | 2022-05-31 | AltaThera Pharmaceuticals LLC | Method of converting atrial fibrillation to normal sinus rhythm and loading oral sotalol in a shortened time frame |
KR102300091B1 (ko) | 2019-11-07 | 2021-09-08 | 가톨릭대학교 산학협력단 | 엔도솜 분해능 및 환원 분해성을 갖는 입실론-폴리(엘-라이신) 고분자 나노겔, 이의 제조방법 및 용도 |
US11116737B1 (en) | 2020-04-10 | 2021-09-14 | University Of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc. | Methods of using probenecid for treatment of coronavirus infections |
CN114159461A (zh) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-03-11 | 同济大学 | 青霉素修饰的ε-聚赖氨酸类抗菌肽及其制备方法 |
CN114350590B (zh) * | 2021-12-24 | 2024-06-25 | 大连大学 | 一种离子响应微胶囊及其制备方法与应用 |
WO2024177082A1 (ja) * | 2023-02-22 | 2024-08-29 | 公立大学法人福井県立大学 | 細胞膜透過性ポリカチオンイソペプチドを含む経口医薬組成物、ポリイオンコンプレックス複合体、その製造方法及び経口インスリン製剤 |
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AU628988B2 (en) * | 1989-05-04 | 1992-09-24 | Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation | Method for localization and treatment of tumors and complexes therefor |
US20040029777A1 (en) * | 2002-04-09 | 2004-02-12 | Taisho Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Pharmaceutical preparation for taste masking |
US8173840B2 (en) | 2003-07-29 | 2012-05-08 | Signature R&D Holdings, Llc | Compounds with high therapeutic index |
US20090209508A1 (en) | 2005-05-16 | 2009-08-20 | Universite De Geneve | Compounds for Photochemotherapy |
EP2076557A4 (en) * | 2006-08-11 | 2012-08-29 | Starpharma Pty Ltd | POLYLYSINE DENDRIMER CONTRAST AGENT |
US8252834B2 (en) * | 2008-03-12 | 2012-08-28 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Dendrimer conjugates |
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