JP5812588B2 - Gasification furnace, operation method of gasification furnace, and coal gasification combined power plant - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a gasification furnace using a solid fuel such as coal, a gasification furnace operation method, and a gasification combined power plant.

    In the operation of a gasification furnace that gasifies solid fuel such as coal, the temperature inside the gasification furnace, the melting and deposit growth of the refractory material of the furnace wall of the gasification furnace, and the generation in the gasification furnace It is necessary to adjust the combustion conditions in the gasification furnace by monitoring the flow of molten slag.

  FIG. 1 of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-271205 monitors the gas generated in the gasifier, the furnace temperature, and the molten slag flow status by monitoring the change in temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the cooling water temperature of the furnace wall. A gasification furnace operation method for adjusting the operation conditions of the gasification furnace is disclosed.

  Further, FIG. 1 of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-250512 shows that two gas supply nozzles opposed to each other are alternately arranged in a melting furnace having four gas supply nozzles at 90 ° intervals on the same plane in the combustion melting furnace. The operation method of the combustion melting furnace which suppresses the growth of the deposit | attachment formed in the nozzle vicinity by repeating the operation | use used for is disclosed.

JP 2007-271205 A (FIG. 1) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-250512 (FIG. 1)

  In a gasification furnace, there is a risk of formation of deposits due to char and slag on the furnace wall refractory material of the gasification furnace and refractory material erosion due to high-temperature molten slag.

  The growth of deposits in the gasification furnace may lead to local gasification acceleration of the furnace wall refractory due to blockage of the gasification furnace or changes in the flow of the burner flame.

  Moreover, erosion of the refractory material due to the high-temperature molten slag may cause the metal material of the outer cylinder to burn out due to a decrease in the thickness of the refractory material due to refractory material melting and damage to the gasifier.

  The object of the present invention is to prevent the gasification furnace from shutting down by suppressing the growth of deposits in the furnace of the gas furnace and the refractory loss of the refractory material, and highly reliable gasification that can withstand long-term continuous operation. It is providing the furnace, the operation method of a gasification furnace, and a coal gasification combined cycle power plant.

The gasification furnace of the present invention includes an upper burner and a lower burner that supply coal, nitrogen, and oxygen into the gasification furnace, a side wall refractory material that is installed in the gasification furnace and constitutes the wall of the gasification furnace, A gasification part formed inside the side wall refractory so as to gasify the combustible component in the coal supplied from the upper burner and the lower burner to melt the ash in the coal into molten slag, and in the gasification unit In a gasification furnace provided with a ceiling having an opening for extracting gasified product gas to the outside and a slag tap having another opening for allowing molten slag to flow downward, respectively, the upper burner and the lower burner A plurality of temperature measuring devices are installed inside the side wall refractory material along the height direction of the gasifier , and the temperature measuring device installed inside the side wall refractory material is also installed in the thickness direction of the side wall refractory material. Multiple installations, A temperature distribution in the vicinity of the side wall refractory material inside the gasification unit is calculated based on temperature measurement values measured by a plurality of temperature measuring devices installed, and the upper burner and the temperature distribution in the vicinity of the side wall refractory material are calculated. A control device for adjusting the flow rates of coal , nitrogen, and oxygen supplied from the lower burner into the gasification section is provided.

The operation method of the gasification furnace of the present invention is formed inside the side wall refractory material constituting the wall of the gasification furnace with coal, nitrogen and oxygen from the upper and lower burners provided in the upper and lower stages of the gasification furnace. A ceiling portion having an opening for extracting combustible components in the coal by gasifying the combustible components in the coal to convert the ash content in the coal into molten slag, and extracting the gas generated in the gasification portion to the outside, and the molten slag In the operation method of the gasification furnace each provided with a slag tap having another opening for allowing the gas to flow downward, a plurality of gas taps are installed along the height direction of the gasification furnace inside the side wall refractory material of the gasification furnace. The temperature distribution in the vicinity of the side wall refractory material inside the gasification part is calculated based on the temperature measurement value measured by a plurality of temperature measuring devices installed in the thickness direction of the temperature measuring device and the side wall refractory material, Near the side wall refractory obtained by calculation Wherein adjusting the coal and the flow rate of nitrogen and oxygen is supplied from the upper burner and lower stage burner in the gasification portion, characterized in that so as to regulate the temperature of the flame to be formed in the gasification portion based of the temperature distribution .
The operation method of the gasification furnace of the present invention is such that coal, nitrogen and oxygen are formed inside the side wall refractory material constituting the wall of the gasification furnace from the upper and lower burners provided in the upper and lower stages of the gasification furnace. Supplied to the gasified section, gasified combustible components in the coal to melt the ash in the coal into a molten slag, and a ceiling section having an opening for extracting the gas generated in the gasified section to the outside and melting In the operation method of the gasification furnace provided with slag taps each having another opening for allowing the slag to flow downward at the bottom part, a plurality of gasification furnace side walls of the gasification furnace along the height direction of the gasification furnace The temperature distribution in the vicinity of the side wall refractory material inside the gasification unit is calculated based on the temperature measurement value measured by the installed temperature measuring device, and the side wall refractory resistance is calculated based on the temperature distribution in the vicinity of the side wall refractory material obtained by this calculation. Whether there is a decrease in material thickness Location, or sidewalls of the deposit growth of refractory material presence and location detected by the upper stage burner and coal supplied from the lower burner the gasification portion, nitrogen and oxygen flow rate were respectively adjusted to form the gasification portion It is characterized by adjusting the flame temperature.
The operation method of the gasification furnace of the present invention is such that coal, nitrogen and oxygen are formed inside the side wall refractory material constituting the wall of the gasification furnace from the upper and lower burners provided in the upper and lower stages of the gasification furnace. Supplied to the gasified section, gasified combustible components in the coal to melt the ash in the coal into a molten slag, and a ceiling section having an opening for extracting the gas generated in the gasified section to the outside and melting In the operation method of a gasification furnace provided with slag taps each having another opening for allowing the slag to flow downward at the bottom, a plurality of gasification furnace side walls of the gasification furnace along the height direction of the gasification furnace Calculate the temperature distribution in the vicinity of the side wall refractory material inside the gasification unit based on the temperature measurement value measured by the temperature measuring device installed in the thickness direction of the temperature measuring device and the side wall refractory material installed multiple times, The side wall obtained by this calculation Based on the temperature distribution in the vicinity of the fire material, the presence or absence of the thickness reduction of the side wall refractory material or the presence or location of the deposit growth on the side wall refractory material is detected and supplied from the upper burner and the lower burner into the gasification section. The flow rates of coal , nitrogen and oxygen are adjusted to adjust the temperature of the flame formed in the gasification section.

The combined coal gasification combined power plant of the present invention includes an upper burner and a lower burner for supplying coal, nitrogen and oxygen into the gasification furnace, and a side wall refractory that is installed in the gasification furnace and constitutes the wall of the gasification furnace. A gasification part formed on the inside of the side wall refractory material so as to gasify the combustible component in the coal supplied from the upper burner and the lower burner to melt the ash in the coal into molten slag, and the gas A ceiling portion having an opening for extracting the product gas gasified in the gasification portion to the outside, and a slag tap having another opening for flowing down the molten slag downward, respectively, between the upper burner and the lower burner A plurality of temperature measuring devices are installed inside the side wall refractory material along the height direction of the gasifier, and a plurality of temperature measuring devices installed inside the side wall refractory material are also provided in the thickness direction of the side wall refractory material. Install The temperature distribution in the vicinity of the side wall refractory material inside the gasification part is calculated based on the temperature measurement value measured by the several temperature measuring devices installed, and the upper burner and the temperature distribution in the vicinity of the side wall refractory material are calculated. A gasification furnace having a control device for adjusting the flow rates of coal and nitrogen and oxygen supplied from the lower burner into the gasification section is provided, and is generated in the gasification section of the gasification furnace and is derived from the gasification furnace. A dust removing device for removing the generated gas, a char supply system for supplying the char recovered from the generated gas by the dust removing device to a char burner installed in the gasification furnace, and a dust removing device for removing the dust. A desulfurizer that desulfurizes the generated gas, a combustor that uses the generated gas desulfurized in the desulfurizer as a fuel, a gas turbine that is driven by the combustion gas generated in the combustor, and a gas turbine that is driven by the gas turbine. Power generation A generator that, characterized by comprising a compressor for supplying compressed air to the combustor.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the gasification furnace from shutting down by suppressing the growth of deposits in the furnace of the gas furnace and the refractory loss of the refractory, and a highly reliable gas that can withstand long-term continuous operation. A gasification furnace, a gasification furnace operation method, and a coal gasification combined power plant can be realized.

Sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the gasification furnace which is 1st Example of this invention. Sectional drawing in the height of the upper stage burner of the gasification furnace of 1st Example shown in FIG. Sectional drawing in the height of the lower stage burner of the gasification furnace of 1st Example shown in FIG. The gas temperature distribution figure showing an example of the side wall gas temperature distribution of the gasification furnace of 1st Example shown in FIG. Sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the gasification furnace which is 2nd Example of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the gasification furnace which is 3rd Example of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the gasification furnace which is 4th Example of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows schematic structure of the gasification furnace which is 5th Example of this invention. Sectional drawing in the height of the lower stage burner of the gasification furnace of 5th Example shown in FIG. The plant system diagram which shows schematic structure of the coal gasification combined cycle power plant provided with the gasification furnace which is 6th Example of this invention.

  A gasification furnace, a gasification furnace operating method, and a coal gasification combined power plant that are embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  The gasification furnace which is an embodiment of the present invention and the operation method of the gasification furnace will be described with reference to FIG.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a gasification furnace 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the gasification furnace 1 is formed in a cylindrical shape. At the top of the gasification furnace 1 is a ceiling opening 2 for extracting purified gas to the outside, and at the center of the slag tap 10 provided at the bottom of the gasification furnace 1 is a slab tap opening 9 for allowing molten slag to flow down. Is formed.

Inside the gasification furnace 1 is formed a gasification section 4 for generating a product gas mainly composed of CO and H ₂ by gasifying the combustible component in the coal of fuel by combustion reaction with oxygen.

  The gasification furnace 1 includes a slag tap 10 that flows down from a slag tap opening 9 in which molten slag in which ash in coal is melted in the gasification unit 4 is opened at the center thereof, and immediately below the slag tap 10. The quench part 11 which becomes the buffer space which guides the molten slag located in the lower part and the slag cooling water tank 6 which cools the molten slag located below the quench part 11 are provided.

  As an outer cylinder of the gasification furnace 1, a metal ceiling outer cylinder 3 is installed on the top of the gasification furnace 1, and a metal side wall outer cylinder 8 is installed on the outer periphery of the gasification furnace 1.

  Since the inside of the gasification furnace 1 is exposed to high-temperature gas, the side wall outer cylinder 8 is protected by extending the side wall outer cylinder 8 with a side wall refractory material 7 in a cylindrical shape.

  The ceiling outer cylinder 3 and the side wall outer cylinder 8 are often protected by water cooling in order to suppress a temperature rise.

  An upper burner 5 and a lower burner 6 are vertically attached to the side wall refractory material 7 constituting the wall of the gasification furnace 1 in which the gasification section 4 is formed, and are respectively attached in the tangential direction. The solid fuel coal finely pulverized from the upper burner 5 and the lower burner 6 and nitrogen and oxygen which are oxygen-containing gases are introduced into the gasification section 4 formed inside the side wall refractory material 7, and this gas A swirling flow is formed in the conversion unit 4.

  That is, the upper burner coal flow regulator 23, the upper burner nitrogen flow regulator 24, and the upper burner oxygen flow regulator 25 are respectively controlled by the command signal from the control device 21 and adjusted by the upper burner coal flow regulator 23. The flow rate of coal 26, the flow rate of nitrogen 27 adjusted by the upper burner nitrogen flow rate regulator 24, and the flow rate of oxygen 28 adjusted by the upper burner oxygen flow rate regulator 25 are input from the upper burner 5 into the gasification unit 4. It is configured to be.

  Similarly, the lower burner coal flow regulator 29, the lower burner nitrogen flow regulator 30, and the lower burner oxygen flow regulator 31 are respectively controlled by the command signal from the control device 21, and are adjusted by the lower burner coal flow regulator 29. The flow rate of coal 32, the flow rate of nitrogen 33 adjusted by the lower burner nitrogen flow rate regulator 30, and the flow rate of oxygen 34 adjusted by the lower burner oxygen flow rate regulator 31 are input from the lower burner 6 into the gasification unit 4. It is configured to be.

The combustible component in the coal charged into the gasification unit 4 from the upper burner 5 and the lower burner 6 reacts with oxygen in the gasification unit 4 to be gasified, and the generated gas 20 mainly contains CO and H _2. Become. This is because the amount of oxygen supplied to the gasification unit 4 is operated under a condition that is less than the amount of oxygen necessary for complete combustion of coal.

  On the other hand, the char containing ash (incombustible material) in the coal receives centrifugal force by the swirling flow in the gasification unit 4 and moves to the furnace wall side of the side wall refractory material 7.

  Ash is melted into slag by the high-temperature flame in the gasification section 4 and adheres to the wall surface of the side wall refractory material 7. The molten slag passes from the wall surface of the furnace wall refractory material 7 through the upper surface of the slag tap 10 and flows downward from the slag tap opening 9.

  The molten slag that has flowed down the slag tap opening 9 flows into the slag cooling water tank 12 via the quench part 11, is cooled in the slag cooling water tank 12, and is recovered as a glassy solid slag.

  The recovered amount of solid slag discharged and recovered from the bottom of the slag cooling water tank 12 is measured by the slag weight measuring device 50, and the measurement data of the slag weight measured by the slag weight measuring device 50 is taken into the control device 21. .

  About the temperature distribution in the gasification part 4, it measures with the several temperature measuring device 16 embedded so that the height installed in the side wall refractory material 7 might differ.

  In-furnace temperature distribution data 22 measured based on temperature detection values measured by embedding the plurality of temperature measuring devices 16 in the side wall refractory material 7 is taken into the control device 21.

  By measuring the temperature distribution in the gasification unit 4 with the temperature measuring device 16 in this way, the temperature measuring device 16 burns out due to the high-temperature flame impingement in the gasification unit 4, and the side wall refractory material 7 melts down due to the molten slag. The risk of wear of the side wall refractory material 7 due to the collision of scattered particles can be reduced.

  Furthermore, about the gas temperature of the side wall vicinity in the gasification part 4, the temperature detection value measured with the temperature measuring device 16, the installation depth in the gasification part 4 in which the temperature measuring device 16 was installed (surface of the side wall refractory material 7) Is calculated by the control device 21 based on the physical property of the refractory material of the side wall refractory material 7 and the temperature of the side wall outer cylinder 8.

  Next, the flow of the flame formed in the gasification part 4 of the gasification furnace 1 which is a present Example is demonstrated.

  In FIG. 1, coal 26, nitrogen 27, and oxygen 28 introduced from the upper burner 5 are ignited in the gasification unit 4 to form a flame 14 formed by the upper burner 5, It descends with a swirl flow.

  The coal 32, nitrogen 33, and oxygen 34 introduced from the lower burner 6 are also ignited in the gasification unit 4, and become a flame 15 formed by the lower burner 6. The flame 15 formed by the lower burner 6 descends in a swirl flow inside the gasification unit 4 and reverses by the slag tap 10 to become an upward flow.

  The flame 15 formed by the lower burner that has become the upward flow rises in the vicinity of the wall surface of the side wall refractory material 7 by a swirling flow inside the gasification unit 4, and becomes a gasification unit between the upper burner 5 and the lower burner 6. 4 will collide with the flame 14 formed by the upper burner 5 at a location within 4.

  In the place in the gasification section 4 where the flame 14 of the upper burner 5 and the flame 15 of the lower burner 6 collide, char particles accompanying the flame are likely to flow, and depending on temperature conditions, It is easy to form and grow the deposit 19 in a shape.

  On the other hand, from the aspect of gasification efficiency, it is advantageous to reduce the amount of char scattered along with the generated gas 20 generated in the gasification section 4 of the gasification furnace 1.

  Therefore, the gas temperature in the gasification unit 4 below the location in the gasification unit 4 where the flame 14 of the upper burner 5 and the flame 15 of the lower burner 6 collide with each other is set to be equal to or higher than the melting point of ash. It is desirable to raise the ash melting region to an operating condition in which a large amount of char can be captured by the molten slag adhering to the wall surface of the side wall refractory material 7.

  On the other hand, the gas components in the flame 14 of the upper burner 5 and the flame 15 of the lower burner 5 attenuated by the collision between the flame 14 of the upper burner 5 and the flame 15 of the lower burner 6 are on the axial center side in the gasification unit 4. It becomes an upward flow from the center and is discharged as product gas 20 from the ceiling opening 2 to the outside of the gasification furnace 1. This is because the central portion in the gasification section 4 has a lower pressure than the vicinity of the wall surface of the side wall refractory material 7 due to the swirling flow of the flame 14 and the flame 15.

  FIG. 4 shows an example of the gas temperature distribution in the vicinity of the side wall of the gasification unit 4 as the furnace temperature distribution data 22 measured by the plurality of temperature measuring devices 16 installed on the side wall refractory material 7 of the gasification furnace 1. This figure is obtained by calculation based on the thermal flow analysis for the gasification section 4.

  As is apparent from the gas temperature distribution near the side wall of the gasification unit 4 of the gasification furnace 1 shown in FIG. 4, the gas temperature is considerably higher than the ash melting point at the lower part of the gasification unit 4, This is a melting area of the side wall refractory material 7 caused by molten slag.

  The upper part of the gasification part 4 is an area where the gas temperature is lower than the ash melting point and char adheres to the side wall refractory material 7. In this region, coal gasification reaction (endothermic reaction) is used to prevent the gas temperature from rising.

  On the other hand, the gas temperature near the upper burner height and near the middle of the upper and lower burners is about the same as the ash melting point.

  In these regions, slag and char adhere to the wall surface of the side wall refractory material 7. When the char adheres to the molten slag having a high viscosity, the adhering matter adhering to the wall surface of the side wall refractory material 7 is likely to grow.

  From the above, it is essential to establish a method for monitoring the presence or absence of deposits and refractory material melting loss, and an operation method for suppressing the growth of deposits.

  The installation position of the upper burner 5 shown in FIG. 2 in the gasification furnace 1 is shown as II-II in FIG. 1, and the installation position of the lower burner 6 shown in FIG. 3 in the gasification furnace 1 is shown in FIG. Indicated as III-III.

  And each turning diameter 17 and 18 by the upper stage burner 5 and the lower stage burner 6 was shown to the gasification part 4 inside the gasification furnace 1 described in FIG.2 and FIG.3, respectively.

  Therefore, in the gas furnace 1 of the present embodiment, first, the angular momentum ratio which is one of the operating conditions of the gasifier for monitoring the magnitude relationship of the swirling flow of the flames 14 and 15 of the upper and lower burners 5 and 6 will be described. . The definition formulas are shown in formulas (1) to (3), respectively.

Angular momentum ratio = angular momentum of upper burner / (angular momentum of upper burner + angular momentum of lower burner) (1)
Angular momentum of upper burner = swirling diameter by upper burner x (mass flow rate of upper burner x coal flow rate of upper burner + nitrogen mass flow rate of upper burner x nitrogen flow rate of upper burner + oxygen mass flow rate of upper burner x (Oxygen flow rate of upper burner) (2)
Lower burner angular momentum = swirling diameter by lower burner x (lower burner coal mass flow rate x lower burner coal input flow rate + lower burner nitrogen mass flow rate x lower burner nitrogen input flow rate + lower burner oxygen mass flow rate x Lower oxygen burner flow rate) (3)
For example, when the angular momentum of the upper burner 5 is increased, the angular momentum ratio is also increased, and the turning force of the flame 14 formed by the upper burner 5 in FIG. 1 is increased.

  Thereby, the collision position of the flame 14 of the upper stage burner 5 and the flame 15 of the lower stage burner 6 becomes low, and the area | region where a particle tends to stagnate also moves below.

  As for the gas temperature distribution in the vicinity of the side wall in the gasification part 4 shown in FIG. 4, the height of the erosion area where the flaming damage may occur in the lower side wall refractory material 7 in the gasification part 4 is reduced. The middle slag and char adhesion region in the gasification section 4 also moves downward. From the above, the position where the deposit 19 attached to the wall surface of the side wall refractory material 7 also moves downward.

  Next, a method for monitoring the gasification unit 4 operating the gasification furnace 1 under steady conditions will be described. If the flow rates of coal, nitrogen, and oxygen introduced into the gasification unit 4 from the upper burner 5 and the lower burner 6 are operated under constant conditions and the recovered slag weight per unit time is stabilized, a plurality of temperature measuring devices 16 The furnace temperature distribution data 22 indicating the gas temperature distribution in the gasification unit 4 measured by the above should also be stable in a steady state.

  By detecting the presence / absence of significant fluctuation in the furnace temperature distribution data 22 and its location, the location and cause of the abnormality in the side wall refractory material 7 can be specified.

  For example, when the temperature of the side wall outer cylinder 8 is constant and the temperature of the temperature measuring device 16 embedded in the side wall refractory material 7 shows a monotonically increasing tendency, the thickness of the side wall refractory material 7 at that location has decreased. Means.

  The cause of this is melting due to molten slag generated in the side wall refractory material 7 or wear due to particles. Either of them is determined by the gas temperature near the side wall of the temperature side refractory material 7 measured by the temperature measuring device 16. That is, if the gas temperature in the vicinity of the side wall measured by the temperature measuring device 16 is a temperature region that is equal to or higher than the melting point of the ash in the tested coal (the gas temperature indicated by the broken line in FIG. 4), the molten slag is dissolved. This is likely due to loss.

  Conversely, if the gas temperature in the vicinity of the side wall measured by the temperature measuring device 16 is a temperature region below the melting point of ash, the possibility of wear of particles is high.

  In the gasification furnace of the present embodiment, the melting point of ash is used as the reference value for estimating the cause, but even if it is changed to the temperature reference value empirically obtained in the actual operation of the gasification furnace 1. I do not care.

  If the thickness of the side wall refractory material 7 continues to decrease due to melting damage due to molten slag or the wear of coal particles, the temperature measuring device 16 embedded in the side wall refractory material 7 is damaged or the temperature of the side wall outer cylinder 8 is increased. .

  In particular, when the side wall outer cylinder 8 is burned out, not only the operation of the gasification furnace 1 is stopped, but also toxic and flammable gases such as CO and H2 are released from the gasification section 4 to the outside of the system. This situation must be avoided.

  On the other hand, when the temperature of the side wall outer cylinder 8 is constant and the temperature of the temperature measuring device 16 embedded in the side wall refractory material 7 shows a monotonically decreasing tendency, the attached to the wall surface of the side wall refractory material 7 is attached. It means that the thickness of the kimono has increased.

  The deposit is made of char or high-viscosity molten slag. The growth of deposits adhering to the wall surface of the side wall refractory material 7 tends to cause particle stagnation between areas where the particle concentration is high and there are low-temperature areas, such as the vicinity of the burner, and the gas temperature is between the softening point and the melting point of ash. Seen in the area.

  If the growth of the deposits is left as it is, not only the gasification section 4 is blocked, but also the impregnation of the burner flame due to the flow change of the upper and lower burner flames 14 and 15 is likely to cause the side wall refractory material 7 to be melted. Become.

  Here, a sectional view of the gasification furnace 1 at the installation height II-II of the upper burner 5 is shown in FIG. 2, and a sectional view of the gasification furnace 1 at the installation height III-III of the lower burner 6 is shown in FIG. .

  2 and FIG. 3, four upper burners 5 and four lower burners 6 provided in the gasification furnace 1 are installed at equal intervals together with each section of the gasification furnace 1, and there is no uneven flame 14 and flame 15. An example of the burner arrangement aiming at the formation of each swirl flow is shown.

  Similarly, by installing four temperature measuring instruments 16 around the wall surface of the side wall refractory material 7 at equal intervals, the flow rate deviation between the burner 5 and the burner 6 and the state of the refractory damage of the side wall refractory material 7 It is also possible to monitor whether there is a difference in the growth of deposits.

  Regarding the arrangement of the upper and lower burners 5, 6, the turning diameter 18 by the lower burner 6 is preferably smaller than the turning diameter 17 by the upper burner 5. This is because the temperature near the lower burner 6 is higher than the temperature near the upper burner 5 as described above with reference to FIG.

  If the swirl diameter 18 by the lower burner 6 is enlarged, impingement of the high temperature flame is likely to occur, and the risk of erosion of the side wall refractory material 7 is increased.

  On the other hand, in the upper burner 5, a downward flow can be formed while suppressing an increase in flame temperature by suppressing the amount of oxygen input from the upper burner 5 into the gasification unit 4.

  The swirl diameter 17 by the upper burner 5 is set in size from the viewpoint of protecting the refractory material by wear of particles and suppressing the growth of deposits.

  Next, based on the measured temperature distribution data 22 in the furnace, the abnormal states of the three types of side wall refractory materials 7 (1) to (3) described below, and the slag flow from the slag tap 9 shown in (4) The operation method of the gasifier which copes with the abnormal state will be described with reference to FIGS.

(1) Abrasion of side wall refractory due to particle wear:
A description will be given of an example in which the upper burner 5 is used. The most effective measure is to reduce the flow velocity introduced into the gasification unit 4 from the upper burner 5. A method of expanding the diameter of the upper burner 5 by stopping the operation of the gasification furnace 1 is preferable.

  When coping without stopping the operation of the gasification furnace 1, command signals are output from the control device 21 to the upper burner coal flow rate adjuster 23, the upper burner nitrogen flow rate adjuster 24, and the upper burner oxygen flow rate adjuster 25, respectively. Then, the flow rates of the coal 26, nitrogen 27, and oxygen 28 introduced into the gasification unit 4 from the upper burner 5 may be reduced. It is also effective to reduce the particle size of the coal 26 to be input.

(2) Melting damage of side wall refractory due to erosion of molten slag:
An explanation will be given by taking an example of the lower burner 6 as an example. The most effective measure is to reduce the temperature of the gas and slag near the side wall refractory material 7.

  The controller 21 outputs a command to reduce the oxygen flow rate to the lower burner oxygen flow rate regulator 31 and the flow rate of the oxygen 34 introduced from the lower burner 6 into the gasification unit 4 is reduced by the adjustment of the lower burner oxygen flow rate regulator 31. Let

  The reduction amount of oxygen 34 input from the lower burner 6 is about 5 to 10% in terms of the weight ratio to the amount of coal input from the lower burner 6, although it depends on the operating conditions and the properties of the coal (such as calorific value and water content). A good guide. In this case, the gas temperature at the bottom of the gasification unit 4 is expected to be reduced by about 100 to 200 ° C.

  Alternatively, if there is no restriction on the flow rate of the produced gas 20, the control device 21 outputs a command signal to the lower burner coal flow regulator 29 and the oxygen flow regulator 31 and inputs the coal 32 into the gasification unit 4 from the lower burner 6. The flow rate of nitrogen 34 may be reduced by reducing the flow rate of oxygen 34 and outputting a command signal to the lower burner nitrogen flow regulator 30 to increase the flow rate of nitrogen 33 introduced into the gasification unit 4 from the lower burner 6. If the oxygen weight relative to the coal weight is controlled to be constant, the heat input from the lower burner 6 decreases in proportion to the coal 32 flow rate.

By these operations, the flame temperature in the gasification section 4 is lowered to increase the viscosity of the molten slag, and the slag coating of the refractory material is slag coated. In addition, a method of increasing the viscosity of the molten slag by temporarily adding powders such as SiO ₂ and Al ₂ O ₃ to the coal 32 to be input is also effective.

(3) Growth of deposits:
First, the case where the deposit 19 grows on the wall surface of the middle side wall refractory material 7 of the gasification unit 4 will be described as an example. The turning force of the flame 15 of the lower burner 6 is increased to reduce the angular momentum ratio, and the height of the high temperature region below the gasification section 4 shown in FIG. 4 is increased.
Thereby, the burn-out operation of the deposit 19 is performed by setting the place where the deposit 19 adheres to the wall surface of the side wall refractory material 7 as an ash melting region. When this burn-out operation is completed, the original operating conditions are restored.

  Specifically, the controller 21 outputs an oxygen amount reduction command signal to the upper burner oxygen flow rate regulator 25 and an oxygen amount increase command signal to the lower burner oxygen amount regulator 31.

Then, the flow rate of the oxygen 28 introduced from the upper burner 5 into the gasification unit 4 is reduced by adjusting the upper burner oxygen flow rate regulator 25, and the lower burner oxygen amount regulator 31 is adjusted to adjust the flow rate of the oxygen 28 from the lower burner 6 to the gasification unit 4. The flow rate of oxygen 34 input to the gas is increased.
The increase amount of oxygen 34 input from the lower burner 6 is about 5 to 10% by weight with respect to the amount of coal input from the lower burner 6, although it depends on operating conditions and coal properties (such as calorific value and water content). A good guide. In this case, the increase in gas temperature from the bottom of the gasification unit 4 to the middle stage is expected to be about 100 to 200 ° C.

  The burn-out state of the deposit 19 is detected by the temperature measuring device 16 embedded in the side wall refractory material 7. When the burn-out operation of the deposit 19 attached on the wall surface of the side wall refractory material 7 is completed, the temperature detected by the temperature measuring device 16 increases and becomes higher.

  After the burn-out operation of the deposit 19 is completed, a command is sent from the control device 21 to each flow rate regulator in order to return to the original operating conditions (operating conditions before the deposit 19 adheres to the wall surface of the side wall refractory material 7). Is output.

  Next, the case where the deposit 19 grows on the side wall refractory material 7 above the upper burner 5 will be described as an example. In this case, it is preferable to wait for the deposit 19 to peel off and fall off due to its own weight, or to forcibly drop it by purging or the like without carrying out the burn-out operation. The arrangement of the upper burner 5 in which the deposit 19 is difficult to grow and the purge method effective for removing the deposit 19 may be determined based on the operation results of the gasification unit 4.

There are two reasons why the burn-out operation is not recommended for the deposit 19 at this site.
-If it does not lead to the flame impingement of the upper burner 5 or the reduction / blockage of the ceiling opening 2, there is no problem in the operation of the gasification unit 4.
-When carrying out the burning-out operation, it is necessary to increase the heat load of the upper burner 5 or to install a burner for burning-out operation directly under the ceiling. If the molten slag droplets scatter and adhere to the ceiling opening 2, the ceiling opening 2 may be clogged.

  In the event that a burn-out operation is performed on the deposit 19 on the side wall refractory material 7 above the upper burner 5, the temperature of the temperature measuring device 16 in the side wall refractory material 7 from the height of the upper burner 5 to the ceiling portion In addition to the data, it is necessary to monitor the metal temperature of the ceiling outer cylinder 3. This is because no refractory material is applied to the ceiling portion, and the metal ceiling portion outer cylinder 3 is prevented from being burned out.

(4) Slag accumulation on bottom of gasification part:
When molten slag adheres to the slag tap opening 9 and the slag tap opening 9 shrinks, discharge of the molten slag at the bottom of the gasification unit 4 is also inhibited, and molten slag accumulates at the bottom of the gasification unit 4.

  This is because the gas temperature from the slag tap opening 9 to the bottom of the gasification unit 4 has dropped to near the ash melting point. In this case, not only the molten slag temperature is lowered, but also the thickness of the molten slag deposited at the bottom of the gasification unit 4 is increased. Accordingly, the temperature of the temperature measuring device 16 installed inside the side wall refractory material 7 at the bottom of the gasification unit 4 can be detected by decreasing.

  As an operation method as a countermeasure, an increase in the flow rate of oxygen 34 in the lower burner 6 is effective. The increase amount of the oxygen 34 depends on the operating conditions and the properties of the coal (such as calorific value and water content), but as with the above (3), first, the weight ratio to the coal amount input from the lower burner 6 is 5 It is better to use about -10%.

  As explained above, in this embodiment, by implementing the monitoring method of the presence or absence of deposits and refractory material erosion, and the operation method of suppressing the growth of deposits, the gasification furnace can be stopped for a long time. A highly reliable gasifier capable of withstanding continuous operation and an operation method of the gasifier are possible.

  According to the present embodiment, the growth of deposits in the furnace of the gas furnace and the refractory loss of the refractory material are suppressed, the situation where the gasification furnace is shut down is avoided, and the long-term continuous operation is highly reliable. A gasification furnace and a gasification furnace operation method can be realized.

  FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the gasification furnace 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

  The gasification furnace 1 of this embodiment shown in FIG. 5 has the same basic configuration and operation method as the gasification furnace 1 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. Description of the above will be omitted, and only the differences will be described below.

  In the gasification furnace 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 5, a configuration in which a plurality of temperature measuring devices 16 installed in the side wall refractory material 7 of the gasification section 4 are also installed in the thickness direction of the side wall refractory material 7. In the gasification furnace 1 of the first embodiment, the number of temperature measuring devices 16 installed inside the side wall refractory material 7 is changed from 1 to 3 in the thickness direction of the side wall refractory material 7. The increase is different.

  In order to improve the responsiveness of detecting the melting damage on the inner surface of the side wall refractory material 7 and the growth of the deposit 19 on the wall surface of the side wall refractory material 7, a temperature measuring device 16 is installed in the vicinity of the inner surface of the gasification section 4. Is effective. On the other hand, when the refractory damage of the side wall refractory material 7 progresses, the risk that the temperature measuring device 16 near the inner surface of the gasification unit 4 is damaged increases.

  Therefore, as in the present embodiment, the temperature measuring device 16 is installed along the thickness direction of the side wall refractory material 7 in the vicinity of the inner surface, in the middle of the side wall thickness, in the vicinity of the side wall outer cylinder 8 and in about three places. By doing so, operational reliability can be improved.

  The method for estimating the gas temperature near the side wall is estimated in the same manner as the calculation by the control device 21 in the first embodiment. For the estimation accuracy of the gas temperature in the vicinity of the side wall, the measurement data of the temperature measuring device 16 installed in the vicinity of the inner surface of the gasification unit 4 among the three temperature measuring devices 16 installed in the thickness direction of the side wall refractory material 7 is used. The accuracy can be improved when there is.

  Therefore, the measurement data of the temperature measuring device 16 at the center of the side wall thickness of the side wall refractory material 7 is used for backup near the inner surface, and the measurement data of the temperature measuring device 16 near the side wall outer tube 8 is used for protection of the side wall outer tube 8. The method is suitable.

  According to the present embodiment, the growth of deposits in the furnace of the gas furnace and the refractory loss of the refractory material are suppressed, the situation where the gasification furnace is shut down is avoided, and the long-term continuous operation is highly reliable. A gasification furnace and a gasification furnace operation method can be realized.

  FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a gasification furnace 1 according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

  The gasification furnace 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 6 has the same basic configuration and operation method as the gasification furnace 1 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. Description of the above will be omitted, and only the differences will be described below.

  In the gasification furnace 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 6, a configuration in which an oxygen / nitrogen nozzle 13 for supplying oxygen and nitrogen is provided in the quenching section 11 of the gasification furnace 1 is adopted. The gasifier 1 of the example is provided with an oxygen / nitrogen nozzle 13 for supplying oxygen and nitrogen to the gasifier 1, and a nitrogen flow rate for adjusting the flow rate of nitrogen supplied from the oxygen / nitrogen nozzle 13 into the quench unit 11 The difference is that an adjuster 35 and an oxygen flow rate adjuster 36 for adjusting the flow rate of oxygen are provided.

  The introduction of oxygen 38 supplied from the oxygen / nitrogen nozzle 13 into the quenching section 11 is effective for local heating near the bottom of the gasification section 4, particularly in the vicinity of the slag tap opening 9 opened in the slag tap 10. .

  The slag tap opening 9 is the only outlet for molten slag flowing down from the gasification unit 4 to the quenching unit 11, and the stable flow of slag is essential for stable operation of the gasification furnace 1.

  The temperature of the flame 15 formed inside the gasification unit 4 by the lower burner 6 is also raised by the oxygen 38 introduced into the quenching unit 11 from the oxygen / nitrogen nozzle 13.

  This is because, as described in the gasification furnace 1 of Example 1, the amount of oxygen charged into the gasification unit 4 is smaller than the amount of oxygen necessary for complete combustion of coal.

  Since the temperature of the flame 15 formed in the gasification unit 4 can be adjusted by the lower burner 6 while the angular momentum of the lower burner 6 is constant, the viscosity of the molten slag in the ash melting region formed at the bottom of the gasification unit 4 Can also be adjusted.

  The operation method of the gasification furnace in this embodiment is effective particularly when handling molten slag having a high melting point. This is because the higher the melting point, the higher the risk that the molten slag adheres to the slag tap opening 9.

  When the slag tap opening 9 shrinks due to the adhesion of the molten slag, the discharge of the molten slag at the bottom of the gasification unit 4 is also inhibited, and the molten slag accumulates at the bottom of the gasification unit 4. Since the temperature of the accumulated molten slag is lower than the gas temperature at the bottom of the gasification unit 4 due to the influence of heat radiation to the side wall refractory material 7, the gasification unit 4 measured by the temperature measuring device 16 in the side wall refractory material 7. The bottom temperature decreases.

  Thereby, the presence or absence of molten slag accumulation on the bottom of the gasification unit 4 can be detected, and the accumulated molten slag depth can be estimated at the height of the temperature measuring device 16 where the temperature has decreased.

  Regarding the operation method as a countermeasure, first, the amount of oxygen 34 in the lower burner 6 is increased. In combination with this, if the nitrogen flow rate regulator 35 is controlled by the control device 21 to adjust the supply amount of nitrogen 37 introduced into the quenching section 11 from the oxygen / nitrogen nozzle 13, it is effective for protecting the bottom of the gasification section 4. It is. That is, a rapid temperature rise of the flame 15 in the gasification unit 4 due to the lower burner 6 is prevented, the refractory material in the vicinity of the opening 9 of the slag tap 10 and the upper surface of the slag tap 10, and the side wall refractory material 7 of the gasification unit 4. Prevent erosion acceleration.

  Further, the operation condition of the lower burner 6 is kept constant by controlling the oxygen flow rate regulator 36 by the control device 21 and adjusting the supply amount and oxygen concentration of the oxygen 38 introduced into the quenching section 11 from the oxygen / nitrogen nozzle 13. In addition to heating the bottom of the gasification unit 4 from the slag tap opening 9, the oxygen / nitrogen nozzle 13 itself is protected.

  In particular, when handling molten slag having a low melting point, it is preferable to introduce a large amount of nitrogen 37 into the quenching section 11 from the oxygen / nitrogen nozzle 13.

  As a result, the temperature of the flame 15 formed in the gasification unit 4 by the lower burner 6 is lowered, so that the viscosity of the molten slag in the ash melting region formed at the bottom of the gasification unit 4 is increased, and the side wall fire resistance Melting damage of the material 7 can be suppressed.

  As is clear from the above description, the oxygen / nitrogen nozzle 13 can adjust the temperature of the flame 15 by the lower burner 6 while the operating condition of the lower burner 6, that is, the angular momentum ratio remains constant.

  According to the present embodiment, the growth of deposits in the furnace of the gas furnace and the refractory loss of the refractory material are suppressed, the situation where the gasification furnace is shut down is avoided, and the long-term continuous operation is highly reliable. A gasification furnace and a gasification furnace operation method can be realized.

  FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a gasification furnace 1 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

  The gasification furnace 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 7 has the same basic configuration and operation method as the gasification furnace 1 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. Description of the above will be omitted, and only the differences will be described below.

  In the gasification furnace 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 7, a nitrogen or water vapor flow regulator 39 for adding nitrogen or water vapor 40 to the oxygen supply system for supplying oxygen 28 to the upper burner 5 of the gasification furnace 1 is provided. A nitrogen or steam flow regulator 41 for adding nitrogen or steam 42 is installed in an oxygen supply system that is installed and supplies oxygen 34 to the lower burner 6 of the gasification furnace 1.

  In the gasification furnace 1 of the present embodiment, nitrogen or water vapor 40 is added to the oxygen 28 supplied to the upper burner 5 to prevent burning of the upper burner 5 itself, and the vicinity of the upper burner 5 formed by the upper burner 5 is prevented. The temperature of the flame 14 in the gasification part 4 is reduced.

  Thereby, the gas temperature near the side wall near the upper burner 5 in the gasification unit 4 is reduced, and the refractory damage of the side wall refractory material 7 and the slag adhesion to the wall surface of the side wall refractory material 7 in this region are suppressed.

  The flow rate of nitrogen or water vapor 40 added to the oxygen 28 supplied from the upper burner 5 is adjusted by controlling the flow rate regulator 39 of nitrogen or water vapor based on a command from the control device 21.

  This embodiment is effective when the temperature detected by the temperature measuring device 16 installed on the side wall refractory material 7 near the height of the upper burner 5 rises and there is a concern that the side wall refractory material 7 may be melted.

  Further, in the gasification furnace 1 of the present embodiment, the lower burner 6 formed by the lower burner 6 is prevented by adding nitrogen or water vapor 42 to the oxygen 34 supplied from the lower burner 6 to prevent the lower burner 6 itself from burning. The temperature of the flame 15 in the gasification part 4 of the vicinity is reduced.

  Thereby, the gas temperature in the vicinity of the side wall, which is the erosion region of the side wall refractory material 7 below the gasification section 4, is reduced, and the refractory loss of the side wall refractory material 7 in this region is suppressed.

  The flow rate of nitrogen or water vapor 42 added to the oxygen 34 supplied from the lower burner 6 is adjusted by controlling the flow rate regulator 41 of nitrogen or water vapor based on a command from the control device 21.

  According to the present embodiment, the flow rates of coal and oxygen input from the upper burner 5 and the lower burner 6 are made constant, and the flame temperatures of the flames 14 and 15 formed in the gasification unit 4 by the upper burner 5 and the lower burner 6 are respectively set. Since it can adjust, the operation | movement which suppresses the melting damage of the side wall refractory material 7 which comprises the gasification part 4 is attained.

  In particular, since the present embodiment can adjust only the flame temperatures of the upper burner 5 and the lower burner 6 without changing the angular momentum ratio shown in the expression (1) of the first embodiment, the gasification furnace 1 is continuously operated at a constant load. It is effective as an adjustment means when driving.

  Further, when nitrogen or water vapor 40 supplied to the upper burner 5 or nitrogen or water vapor 42 supplied to the lower burner 6 is supplied with water vapor, the shift shown in the equation (4) is performed in the gasification section 4 operated in a reducing atmosphere. The reaction is accelerated.

CO + H ₂ O → CO ₂ + H ₂ (4)
Thereby, the CO ₂ and H ₂ concentrations of the product gas generated in the gasification unit 4 are increased. Therefore, the CO ₂ in the product gas is recovered, the operation which is suitable for gasification system utilizing of H ₂ as an industrial material for the power generation fuel or ammonia production and the like.
According to the present embodiment, the growth of deposits in the furnace of the gas furnace and the refractory loss of the refractory material are suppressed, the situation where the gasification furnace is shut down is avoided, and the long-term continuous operation is highly reliable. A gasification furnace and a gasification furnace operation method can be realized.

  8 and 9 are sectional views showing a schematic configuration of a gasification furnace 1 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

  FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a schematic configuration of the gasification furnace 1 according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a section of the gasification furnace 1 at the installation height of the lower burner 6.

  The gasification furnace 1 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 8 has the same basic configuration and operation method as the gasification furnace 1 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. Description of the above will be omitted, and only the differences will be described below.

  In the gasification furnace 1 of this embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, four char burners 43 into which char 47, nitrogen 48, and oxygen 49 are introduced are installed in the gasification section 4 of the gasification furnace 1. The installation height of the char burner 43 is the same as that of the lower burner 6.

  As shown in the sectional view of the gasification furnace 1 at the installation height of the lower burner 6 in FIG. 9, four lower burners 6 and four char burners 43 are alternately installed in the gasification furnace 1 at intervals of 45 degrees. The swirl diameter by the char burner 43 was the same as the swirl diameter 18 by the lower burner 6.

  Thereby, in the gasification furnace 1 of a present Example, it becomes possible to aim at equalization of the heat load distribution of the circumferential direction of the side wall refractory material 7. FIG.

  As for the angular momentum ratio described in the gasification furnace 1 of the first embodiment, the angular momentum of the char 47, nitrogen 48, and oxygen 49 supplied from the char burner 43 is managed in addition to the angular momentum ratio of the lower burner 6. Good.

  The flow control of the char, oxygen, and nitrogen supplied from the char burner 43 is performed by adjusting a flow rate of the char 47 based on a command signal from the control device 21 and a flow rate of the char burner adjusting the flow rate of the nitrogen 48. This is done by controlling a regulator 45 and a char burner oxygen flow regulator 46 that regulates the flow of oxygen 49.

  The product gas 20 generated in the gasification furnace 1 includes char. The char accompanying the produced gas 20 is recovered, and the entire amount thereof is reintroduced from the char burner 43 into the gasification section 4 of the gasification furnace 1 so that the entire amount of combustible gas in the coal is gasified and the ash is melted. Slag can be made.

  In addition, the control device 21 may control the char burner oxygen flow controller 46 so that the flow rate of oxygen 49 supplied from the char burner 43 is less than the amount of oxygen required for complete combustion of the char 47. The charged char 47 causes a gasification reaction (endothermic reaction) in the gasification section 4, and the temperature rise of the flame 15 near the height of the lower burner 6 can be suppressed.

The temperature distribution in the furnace 22 measured by the temperature measuring device 16 is used to monitor the presence / absence of growth of the deposit 19 and the temperature distribution in the gasification unit 4. Further, the operation condition of each burner is monitored by the angular momentum ratio including the char burner 43 shown in the equations (5) to (7).
・ Angular momentum ratio = Angular momentum of upper burner / (Angular momentum of upper burner + Lower angular momentum) (5)
-Angular momentum of upper burner = swirling diameter by upper burner x (coal mass flow rate of upper burner x coal flow rate of upper burner + nitrogen mass flow rate of upper burner x nitrogen flow rate of nitrogen of upper burner + oxygen mass flow rate of upper burner × Oxygen flow rate of upper burner) (6)
Lower angular momentum = swirling diameter of lower burner x (lower burner coal mass flow rate x lower burner coal input flow rate + lower burner nitrogen mass flow rate x lower burner nitrogen input flow rate + lower burner oxygen mass flow rate x Lower burner oxygen input flow rate) + swirling diameter of the char burner x (char burner char mass flow rate x char burner char input flow rate + char burner nitrogen mass flow rate x char burner nitrogen input flow rate + char burner oxygen (Mass flow rate x char burner oxygen input flow rate) (7)
The method of adjusting the angular momentum ratio corresponding to the burn-out operation during the growth of the deposit 19 and the temperature distribution in the furnace is the same as in the first embodiment. However, in this embodiment, since the lower angular momentum = the angular momentum of the lower burner + the angular momentum of the char burner, the lower angular momentum and the angular momentum ratio are adjusted by adjusting only the operating conditions of the char burner. It is also possible to adjust.

  According to the present embodiment, the growth of deposits in the furnace of the gas furnace and the refractory loss of the refractory material are suppressed, the situation where the gasification furnace is shut down is avoided, and the long-term continuous operation is highly reliable. A gasification furnace and a gasification furnace operation method can be realized.

  FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a combined coal gasification combined power plant including a gasification furnace 1 according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

  As an example of the gasification furnace 1 provided in the combined coal gasification combined power plant of this embodiment, the gasification furnace 1 of the fifth embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is adopted.

The schematic configuration of the combined coal gasification combined power plant of the present embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 10, as shown in FIG. 10, the coal 26 introduced into the gasification unit 4 from the upper burner 5 and the lower burner 6 of the gasification furnace 1, 32 is gasified in the gasification unit 4 and becomes a product gas mainly composed of CO and H ₂ .

  The generated gas 20 generated in the gasification unit 4 is led out from the top of the gasification furnace 1 to the outside of the gasification furnace 1, and this generated gas 20 flows into the heat recovery unit 51 to be cooled, and then dedusted. Supplied to the device 52.

  The char accompanying the generated gas 20 is dedusted by the dust removing device 52, and the recovered char 67 collected by the dust removing device 52 is gas passed through the char flow rate regulator 44 and the char burner 43 provided in the gasification furnace 1. The gasification section 4 of the chemical conversion path 1 is recharged.

  The product gas 20 after being dedusted by the dedusting device 52 flows into the chlorine removal device 53 to be desalted, and then flows into the desulfurization device 54 where it is desulfurized and purified to become a product gas 55 for power generation.

  The generated gas 55 for power generation is supplied as fuel to the combustor 56 of the gas turbine device, and burns to generate high-temperature combustion gas.

  As the combustion air supplied to the combustor 56, air 66 taken in from a compressor 57 driven coaxially with a gas turbine 59 driven by combustion gas is used.

  Combustion gas generated by burning the generated gas 55 in the combustor 56 drives a gas turbine 59, and a power generator (not shown) is driven by the turbine 59 to generate electric power.

  The combustion gas discharged from the gas turbine 59 is supplied to the boiler 61 as combustion exhaust gas, and steam 63 generated by heat recovery from the combustion exhaust gas by heat exchange in the boiler 61 is generated in the steam turbine 60 of the steam turbine apparatus. The steam turbine 60 drives a generator (not shown) to generate electricity.

  Further, the steam 63 after driving the steam turbine 60 is cooled by a condenser (not shown) to become condensate 68 and is supplied to the boiler 61 again.

  Further, the combustion exhaust gas whose heat is recovered by the boiler 61 and cooled is discharged from the chimney 62 to the outside of the system.

  In the coal gasification combined power plant of the present embodiment, a combined gasification combined power plant including a gasification furnace with high power generation efficiency can be provided by using combined power generation that combines a gas turbine device and a steam turbine device.

  According to the present embodiment, the growth of deposits in the furnace of the gas furnace and the refractory loss of the refractory material are suppressed, the situation where the gasification furnace is shut down is avoided, and the long-term continuous operation is highly reliable. A coal gasification combined power plant equipped with a gasification furnace can be realized.

  The present invention is applicable to a gasification furnace using a solid fuel such as coal, a gasification furnace operating method, and a gasification combined power plant.

  1: Gasification furnace, 2: Ceiling opening, 3: Ceiling outer cylinder, 4: Gasification section, 5: Upper burner, 6: Lower burner, 7: Side wall refractory material, 8: Side wall outer cylinder, 9: Slag tap opening, 10: slag tap, 11: quenching part, 12: slag cooling water tank, 13: oxygen / nitrogen nozzle, 14: flame of upper burner, 15: flame of lower burner, 16: temperature measuring instrument, 17: Swivel diameter by upper burner, 18: Swivel diameter by lower burner, 19: Deposit, 20: Generated gas, 21: Controller, 22: Temperature distribution data in furnace, 23: Upper burner coal flow regulator, 24: Upper burner Nitrogen flow regulator, 25: Upper burner oxygen flow regulator, 26: Coal, 27: Nitrogen, 28: Oxygen, 29: Lower burner coal flow regulator, 30: Lower burner nitrogen flow regulator, 31: Lower burner oxygen flow Adjuster, 32: stone 33: nitrogen, 34: oxygen, 35: nitrogen flow regulator, 36: oxygen flow regulator, 37: nitrogen, 38: oxygen, 39: nitrogen or steam flow regulator, 40: nitrogen or steam, 41: nitrogen Or water flow rate regulator, 42: nitrogen or water vapor, 43: char burner, 44: char flow rate regulator, 45: char burner nitrogen flow rate regulator, 46: char burner oxygen flow rate regulator, 47: char, 48: nitrogen 49: oxygen, 50: slag weight measuring device, 51: heat recovery unit, 52: dedusting device, 53: chlorine removal device, 54: desulfurization device, 55: generated gas for power generation, 56: combustor, 57: Compressor, 58: Air separator, 59: Gas turbine, 60: Steam turbine, 61: Boiler, 62: Chimney, 63: Steam, 64: Nitrogen, 65: Oxygen, 66: Air, 67: Recovery char, 68: Condensing.

Claims (12)

Supply from the upper and lower burners, upper and lower burners for supplying coal, nitrogen and oxygen into the gasification furnace, side wall refractories that are installed in the gasification furnace and constitute the wall of the gasification furnace The gasification part formed inside the side wall refractory so as to gasify the combustible component in the coal and melt the ash in the coal into a molten slag, and the product gas gasified in the gasification unit to the outside In the gasification furnace each provided with a slag tap having a ceiling part having an opening part to be extracted and another opening part for causing the molten slag to flow downward,
The temperature measuring instrument plurality placed along the height direction of the gasification furnace to the inside of the side wall refractory material between the upper burner and lower stage burner,
A plurality of temperature measuring devices installed inside the side wall refractory material are also installed in the thickness direction of the side wall refractory material,
A temperature distribution in the vicinity of the side wall refractory material inside the gasification unit is calculated based on temperature measurement values measured by a plurality of temperature measuring devices installed, and the upper burner and the temperature distribution in the vicinity of the side wall refractory material are calculated. A gasification furnace comprising a control device for adjusting flow rates of coal , nitrogen and oxygen supplied from a lower burner into a gasification unit. In the gasifier according to claim 1,
A second quenching section provided immediately below the slag tap of the gasification section, wherein an oxygen / nitrogen nozzle for supplying oxygen and nitrogen is installed in the quench section, and a flow rate of oxygen supplied to the oxygen / nitrogen nozzle is adjusted; An oxygen flow rate regulator and a nitrogen flow rate regulator for regulating the flow rate of nitrogen, respectively, and the second oxygen flow rate regulator and the nitrogen flow rate regulator are controlled by the control device to quench from the oxygen / nitrogen nozzle A gasification furnace characterized by adjusting a flow rate of oxygen and a flow rate of nitrogen supplied into the section. In the gasifier according to claim 1,
A nitrogen or water vapor flow controller for adding nitrogen or water vapor is installed in the oxygen supply system for supplying oxygen into the gasifier from the upper and lower burners, and the flow rate of the nitrogen or water vapor is adjusted by the control device. A gasification furnace characterized by controlling a flow rate of nitrogen added to the oxygen supply system from the flow rate regulator of nitrogen or water vapor or a flow rate of water vapor. In the gasifier according to claim 1,
A char flow rate for supplying char to the gasification furnace from the char burner by installing a char burner for supplying char and oxygen into the gasification unit at the same height as the gasification furnace where the lower burner is installed. A regulator and a third oxygen flow regulator for supplying oxygen are installed, and the char flow regulator and the third oxygen flow regulator are controlled by the controller and supplied from the char burner into the gasifier. A gasification furnace characterized by adjusting the flow rate of char and oxygen. Coal, nitrogen, and oxygen are supplied from the upper and lower burners provided at the upper and lower stages of the gasifier to the gasification section formed inside the side wall refractory that constitutes the wall of the gasifier. Gasification of combustible components to melt ash in coal into molten slag, and a ceiling portion having an opening for extracting gasified product gas in the gasification portion to the outside and another opening for allowing molten slag to flow downward In the operation method of the gasifier equipped with slag taps at the bottom,
A plurality of temperature measuring devices installed along the height direction of the gasification furnace in the side wall refractory material between the upper burner and the lower burner of the gasification furnace, and a plurality of temperature measuring devices in the thickness direction of the side wall refractory material Calculate the temperature distribution in the vicinity of the side wall refractory inside the gasification unit based on the temperature measurement value measured with the installed temperature measuring instrument,
Based on the temperature distribution in the vicinity of the side wall refractory obtained by this calculation, the flow rate of coal , nitrogen and oxygen supplied from the upper and lower burners into the gasification unit is adjusted, and the temperature of the flame formed in the gasification unit is adjusted. An operation method of a gasification furnace, characterized in that: Coal, nitrogen, and oxygen are supplied from the upper and lower burners provided at the upper and lower stages of the gasifier to the gasification section formed inside the side wall refractory that constitutes the wall of the gasifier. Gasification of combustible components to melt ash in coal into molten slag, and a ceiling portion having an opening for extracting gasified product gas in the gasification portion to the outside and another opening for allowing molten slag to flow downward In the operation method of the gasifier equipped with slag taps at the bottom,
Gasification section based on temperature measurement values measured by a plurality of temperature measuring instruments installed along the height direction of the gasification furnace inside the side wall refractory material between the upper and lower burners of the gasification furnace The temperature distribution in the vicinity of the side wall refractory inside is calculated,
Based on the temperature distribution in the vicinity of the side wall refractory material obtained by calculation, the upper and lower burners are detected by detecting the presence or absence and location of the thickness of the side wall refractory material or the presence or absence of deposit growth on the side wall refractory material. The operation method of the gasification furnace characterized by adjusting the temperature of the flame formed in a gasification part by adjusting the flow volume of coal , nitrogen, and oxygen supplied into the gasification part from each. Coal, nitrogen, and oxygen are supplied from the upper and lower burners provided at the upper and lower stages of the gasifier to the gasification section formed inside the side wall refractory that constitutes the wall of the gasifier. Gasification of combustible components to melt ash in coal into molten slag, and a ceiling portion having an opening for extracting gasified product gas in the gasification portion to the outside and another opening for allowing molten slag to flow downward In the operation method of the gasifier equipped with slag taps at the bottom,
A plurality of temperature measuring devices installed along the height direction of the gasification furnace in the side wall refractory material between the upper burner and the lower burner of the gasification furnace, and a plurality of temperature measuring devices in the thickness direction of the side wall refractory material Calculate the temperature distribution in the vicinity of the side wall refractory inside the gasification unit based on the temperature measurement value measured with the installed temperature measuring instrument,
Based on the temperature distribution in the vicinity of the side wall refractory material obtained by calculation, the upper and lower burners are detected by detecting the presence or absence and location of the thickness of the side wall refractory material or the presence or absence of deposit growth on the side wall refractory material. The operation method of the gasification furnace characterized by adjusting the temperature of the flame formed in a gasification part by adjusting the flow volume of coal , nitrogen, and oxygen supplied into the gasification part from each. In the operating method of the gasifier according to any one of claims 5 to 7,
Based on the temperature distribution in the vicinity of the side wall refractory material obtained by calculation, the upper and lower burners are detected by detecting the presence or absence and location of the thickness of the side wall refractory material or the presence or absence of deposit growth on the side wall refractory material. The angular momentum of the upper and lower burners by coal , nitrogen, and oxygen supplied from the gasification section to the gasification section is adjusted to adjust the height of the ash melting region formed at the bottom of the gasification section. The operation method of the gasifier. In the operating method of the gasifier according to any one of claims 5 to 8,
It is configured to supply oxygen and nitrogen from an oxygen / nitrogen nozzle to the inside of the quench unit provided immediately below the slag tap of the gasification unit, and based on the temperature distribution in the vicinity of the side wall refractory obtained by calculation, A method for operating a gasification furnace, wherein the heating of the bottom of the gasification unit is adjusted by adjusting the flow rate and oxygen concentration of a mixed gas of oxygen and nitrogen introduced into the quenching unit from a nitrogen nozzle. In the operating method of the gasifier according to any one of claims 5 to 9,
It is configured to add nitrogen or water vapor from a flow controller of nitrogen or water vapor installed in an oxygen supply system to be supplied into the gasification unit from the upper and lower burners, and near the side wall refractory obtained by calculation. A method for operating a gasification furnace, comprising adjusting a supply amount of nitrogen or water vapor added to the oxygen supply system from the flow controller of nitrogen or water vapor based on a temperature distribution. The operation method of the gasifier according to any one of claims 5 to 10,
The char burner installed at the same height as the height position of the gasification furnace in which the lower burner is installed is configured to supply char and oxygen into the gasification unit,
An operation method of a gasification furnace, characterized in that a supply amount of char and oxygen supplied from the char burner into a gasification unit is adjusted based on a temperature distribution in the vicinity of the side wall refractory obtained by calculation. Supply from the upper and lower burners, upper and lower burners for supplying coal, nitrogen and oxygen into the gasification furnace, side wall refractories that are installed in the gasification furnace and constitute the wall of the gasification furnace The gasification part formed inside the side wall refractory so as to gasify the combustible component in the coal and melt the ash in the coal into a molten slag, and the product gas gasified in the gasification unit to the outside A ceiling portion having an opening to be extracted and a slag tap having another opening for causing the molten slag to flow downward are provided at the bottom, respectively, and a temperature measuring device is provided inside the side wall refractory material between the upper burner and the lower burner. A plurality of temperature measuring devices installed along the height direction of the gasifier and installed inside the side wall refractory material, a plurality of temperature measuring devices installed in the thickness direction of the side wall refractory material, and a plurality of temperature measuring devices installed Measured in They based on degrees measured value to calculate the temperature distribution of the side wall refractory material near the inside of the gasification unit, and coal supplied to the gasifying portion from the upper burner and lower stage burner based on the temperature distribution of the side wall refractory material near It has a gasifier equipped with a control device that adjusts the flow rate of nitrogen and oxygen,
A dedusting device for dedusting the product gas generated in the gasification unit of the gasification furnace and derived from the gasification furnace, and a char recovered from the product gas in the dedusting device are installed in the gasification furnace. A char supply system for supplying to the char burner, a desulfurization device for desulfurization of the product gas dedusted by the dedusting device, a combustor that burns the product gas desulfurized by the desulfurization device as fuel, and the combustor A coal gasification combined power plant comprising: a gas turbine driven by the combustion gas generated in step 1; a generator driven by the gas turbine to generate electric power; and a compressor for supplying compressed air to the combustor. .

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