JP5808835B2 - チョークされた誘電体装荷先端ダイポールマイクロ波アンテナ - Google Patents
チョークされた誘電体装荷先端ダイポールマイクロ波アンテナ Download PDFInfo
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- A61B18/18—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by applying electromagnetic radiation, e.g. microwaves
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Description
(1.技術分野)
本開示は、概して、組織切除手順において用いられるマイクロ波アプリケータに関する。より詳細には、本開示は、液体または固体のいずれかで装荷された先端ダイポールアンテナを有するマイクロ波アプリケータに関する。
特定の疾病の治療は、悪性組織成長(腫瘍)の破壊を必要とする。腫瘍の細胞は、上昇した温度(周囲の健康な細胞に有害な温度よりもわずかに低い温度)で変性することが公知である。それゆえ、公知の治療方法(例えば、温熱療法)は、腫瘍の細胞を、41℃を超える温度に加熱し、一方で周囲の健康な細胞を低い温度に維持して、回復不能な細胞の損傷を回避する。このような方法は、組織を加熱するために電磁放射を印加することを含み、組織の切除および凝結を含む。特に、マイクロ波エネルギーは、癌性細胞を変性させるか、または殺すために、組織を凝結させ、かつ/または切除するために使用される。
本開示の一局面によると、マイクロ波アンテナアセンブリが開示される。アンテナアセンブリは、内側導体と、外側導体と、該内側導体と該外側導体との間に配置された内側絶縁体とを含む供給線と、該供給線に結合された放射セクションであって、該放射セクションはダイポールアンテナと該ダイポールアンテナの周りに配置された管状誘電装荷とを含む、放射セクションとを含む。
(項目1)
マイクロ波アンテナアセンブリであって、
内側導体と、外側導体と、該内側導体と該外側導体との間に配置された内側絶縁体とを含む供給線と、
該供給線に結合された放射セクションであって、該放射セクションはダイポールアンテナと該ダイポールアンテナの周りに配置された管状誘電体装荷とを含む、放射セクションと
を備えている、マイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
(項目2)
上記管状誘電体装荷は、酸化チタンおよびアルミナからなる群から選択される材料から形成される、上記項目に記載のマイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
(項目3)
上記管状誘電体装荷の材料は、スプレーコーティング、原子層堆積および蒸気層堆積からなる群から選択される方法によって、上記放射セクション上に堆積される、上記項目のいずれかに記載のマイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
(項目4)
上記放射セクションは、近位部分と、遠位部分と、該近位部分と該遠位部分との間の供給点とをさらに含む、上記項目のいずれかに記載のマイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
(項目5)
上記供給点は、誘電体材料を含む、上記項目のいずれかに記載のマイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
(項目6)
上記管状誘電体装荷の誘電率は上記供給点の上記誘電体材料の誘電率よりも高い、上記項目のいずれかに記載のマイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
(項目7)
上記外側導体上に配置された外側絶縁体と、
上記供給線の少なくとも一部に配置されたチョークであって、該外側絶縁体は該チョークの遠位部分を通過して延びる、チョークと
をさらに備えている、上記項目のいずれかに記載のマイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
(項目8)
上記供給点の上記誘電体材料の上記誘電率は、上記外側絶縁体の誘電率よりも高い、上記項目のいずれかに記載のマイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
(項目9)
チャンバを画定するハウジングであって、該チャンバは上記供給線および上記放射セクションを収容するように寸法が合わされ、該チャンバを通して誘電性冷却流体を循環させるように構成されている、ハウジングをさらに備えている、上記項目のいずれかに記載のマイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
(項目10)
上記供給点の上記誘電体材料の上記誘電率は、上記外側絶縁体の誘電率よりも高い、上記項目のいずれかに記載のマイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
(項目11)
上記誘電性冷却流体の誘電率は、上記供給点の上記誘電体材料の上記誘電率よりも高い、上記項目のいずれかに記載のマイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
(項目12)
マイクロ波アンテナアセンブリであって、
内側導体と、外側導体と、該内側導体と該外側導体との間に配置された内側絶縁体とを含む供給線と、
該供給線に結合された放射セクションであって、該放射セクションは、ダイポールアンテナと誘電性媒体とを含み、該誘電性媒体は、可変の誘電率値の複数の構成成分の誘電体材料を含む、放射セクションと
を備えている、マイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
(項目13)
チャンバを画定するハウジングであって、該チャンバは上記供給線と上記放射セクションとを収容するように寸法が合わされ、該チャンバを通して誘電性冷却流体を循環させるように構成されている、ハウジングをさらに備えている、上記項目のいずれかに記載のマイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
(項目14)
上記放射セクションは、近位部分と、遠位部分と、該近位部分と遠位部分との間の供給点とをさらに含む、上記項目のいずれかに記載のマイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
(項目15)
上記誘電性媒体は、
上記外側導体の周りに配置された外側絶縁体と、
上記供給点に配置された誘電スペーサと、
上記ダイポールアンテナの周りに配置された管状誘電体装荷であって、該管状誘電体装荷は該外側絶縁体から延び、かつ該誘電スペーサを囲む、管状誘電体装荷と、
上記チャンバを通って循環する誘電冷却材と
を含む、上記項目のいずれかに記載のマイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
(項目16)
上記管状誘電体装荷は、酸化チタンおよびアルミナからなる群から選択される材料から形成される、上記項目のいずれかに記載のマイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
(項目17)
上記管状誘電体装荷の上記材料は、スプレーコーティング、原子層堆積および蒸気層堆積からなる群から選択される方法によって、上記放射セクション上に堆積される、上記項目のいずれかに記載のマイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
(項目18)
上記管状誘電体装荷および上記誘電冷却流体のそれぞれの誘電率は、上記供給点の上記誘電体材料の誘電率より高く、該誘電体材料の該誘電率は上記外側絶縁体の誘電率よりも高い、上記項目のいずれかに記載のマイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
添付の図面を参照しながら以下の本明細書中に本開示の特定の実施形態が記載される。以下の記載においては、本開示を不必要に詳細化して不鮮明にすることを防ぐために、周知の機能または構成は詳細には記載されない。
ブであり得る。インフローチューブ86aおよび86bは、アウトレット流体ポート30を介して挿入される。より詳細には、図14に示されているように、インフローチューブ86aは、遠位部分44の遠位端付近まで挿入され、インフローチューブ86bは、供給点46付近まで挿入される。その後、インフローチューブ86bは、(例えば、エポキシ、のり等を用いて)放射セクション18に固定される。インフローチューブ86aおよび86bは、この構成においては、シース38を介する最適な冷却液の流れを提供するように配置される。インフローチューブ86aからの流体の流れは、先端48へと排出され、近位方向に反映される。インフローチューブ86bからの流体の流れは、放射セクション18に沿った冷却液を提供する。動作中、ポンプ34は、インフローチューブ86aおよび86bを介してアセンブリ12に流体を提供し、それにより、接続ハブ22を含むアセンブリ12の全体を介する冷却液の循環を提供する。流体はその後、アウトレット流体ポート32を介して、中央フィンガ74と左フィンガ76とから取り出される。
につながる。比誘電率(er’)のドロップは、組織内のマイクロ波エネルギーの波長を増加させ、これは、バランス化されていないマイクロ波アンテナアセンブリのインピーダンスに対して劇的な影響を与え、それにより、システムのインピーダンス(例えば、ケーブル16と生成器14とのインピーダンス)からのアンテナアセンブリの不整合をもたら
す。波長における増加はまた、断面の直径よりもアセンブリ12に沿った長さにおいて遥かに長い電力散逸ゾーンをもたらす。組織の導電率(er”)もまた、アセンブリ12のインピーダンスの実部分に影響を与える。本開示にしたがう流体の誘電体のバッファはまた、送達されるエネルギーの波長における増加と、近接誘電場の導電性におけるドロップとを緩和させ、それにより、アセンブリ12のインピーダンスにおける変化を低減し、より一貫したアンテナとシステムとの間のインピーダンス整合と球体の電力散逸ゾーンの散逸組織挙動とを可能にする。
ていないダイポールアンテナ140を有している。ダイポールアンテナ140は、供給線120に結合され、これは、アンテナアセンブリ112を生成器114に電気的に接続する。図18に示されているように、供給線20と同様に、供給線120は、内側絶縁体152によって包囲された内側導体150(例えばワイヤ)を含んでおり、内側絶縁体15
2は、外側導体156(例えば、円筒形の導電体シース)によって包囲されている。
と、チョーク260は、内側円筒形ケーシング261と外側円筒形ケーシング263を有する管状構造を含み、内側円筒形ケーシング261と外側円筒形ケーシング263との間に空洞265を画定する。流体は、空洞265を通ってチャンバ275に供給される。
マイクロ波アンテナアセンブリが開示される。アンテナアセンブリは、内側導体と外側導体と内側導体と外側導体との間に配置される内側絶縁体とを含む供給線と、供給線に結合された放射セクションとを含み、該放射セクションはダイポールアンテナとダイポールアンテナの周りに配置された管状誘電体装荷とを含む。
12 マイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ
14 マイクロ波生成器
16 可撓性の同軸ケーブル
18 放射セクション
20 供給線
22 接続ハブ
30 アウトレット流体ポート
32 インレット流体ポート
34 供給ポンプ
36 供給タンク
38 シース
Claims (11)
- マイクロ波アンテナアセンブリであって、
内側導体と、外側導体と、該内側導体と該外側導体との間に配置された内側絶縁体とを含む供給線と、
該外側導体の上に配置された外側絶縁体と、
該供給線に結合された放射セクションと
を備え、
該放射セクションは、
近位部分と、遠位部分と、該近位部分と該遠位部分との間の供給点とを有するダイポールアンテナであって、該供給点は、誘電体スペーサを含む、ダイポールアンテナと、
該ダイポールアンテナの周りに配置された管状の誘電体装荷と
を含み、
該誘電体スペーサおよび該誘電体装荷の誘電率は、該供給点からの放射方向の距離が増加するにつれて徐々に増加する、マイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。 - 前記管状の誘電体装荷は、酸化チタンおよびアルミナからなる群から選択される材料から形成される、請求項1に記載のマイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
- 前記管状の誘電体装荷の材料は、スプレーコーティング、原子層堆積および蒸気層堆積からなる群から選択される方法によって、前記放射セクション上に堆積される、請求項2に記載のマイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
- 前記供給線の少なくとも一部の周りに配置されたチョークをさらに備え、前記外側絶縁体は、該チョークの遠位端を通過して延びる、請求項1に記載のマイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
- ハウジングをさらに備え、該ハウジングは、該ハウジング内にチャンバを画定し、該チャンバは、前記供給線および前記放射セクションを収容するように寸法が合わされ、該チャンバは、該チャンバを通して誘電性冷却流体を循環させるように構成されている、請求項1に記載のマイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
- 前記誘電性冷却流体の誘電率は、前記誘電体スペーサの誘電率よりも高い、請求項5に記載のマイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
- マイクロ波アンテナアセンブリであって、
内側導体と、外側導体と、該内側導体と該外側導体との間に配置された内側絶縁体とを含む供給線と、
ハウジングであって、該ハウジング内にチャンバを画定するハウジングと、
該ハウジング内に配置され、該供給線に結合された放射セクションと
を備え、
該放射セクションは、
近位部分と、遠位部分と、該近位部分と該遠位部分との間の供給点とを有するダイポールアンテナと、
誘電性媒体と
を含み、
該誘電性媒体は、
該供給点の周りに配置された誘電体スペーサと、
該ダイポールアンテナの周りに配置され、該誘電体スペーサを囲む管状の誘電体装荷と、
該外側導体の周りに配置された外側絶縁体と、
該チャンバを通って循環される誘電冷却材と
を含み、
該誘電体スペーサ、該誘電体装荷および該誘電冷却材の誘電率は、該供給点からの放射方向の距離が増加するにつれて徐々に増加する、マイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。 - 前記チャンバは、前記供給線および前記放射セクションを収容するように寸法が合わされ、該チャンバは、該チャンバを通して前記誘電冷却材を循環させるように構成されている、請求項7に記載のマイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
- 前記管状の誘電体装荷は、酸化チタンおよびアルミナからなる群から選択される材料から形成される、請求項7に記載のマイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
- 前記管状の誘電体装荷の材料は、スプレーコーティング、原子層堆積および蒸気層堆積からなる群から選択される方法によって、前記放射セクション上に堆積される、請求項9に記載のマイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
- 前記供給線の少なくとも一部の周りに配置されたチョークをさらに備え、前記外側絶縁体は、該チョークの遠位端を通過して延びる、請求項7に記載のマイクロ波アンテナアセンブリ。
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US20160030112A1 (en) | 2016-02-04 |
EP2177173B1 (en) | 2017-01-18 |
US9113924B2 (en) | 2015-08-25 |
JP2010094518A (ja) | 2010-04-30 |
JP5513837B2 (ja) | 2014-06-04 |
EP3150160A1 (en) | 2017-04-05 |
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