JP5808639B2 - Filter device for small swing type small hydraulic excavator - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a filter device small swing radius type compact hydraulic excavator, it relates to a filter device for maintenance small swing radius type compact hydraulic excavator required for particular filter.

  Generally, a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator has a heat exchanger for cooling the engine. This heat exchanger is cooled by cooling air generated by a cooling fan driven by an engine. In addition, a filter is provided on the cooling air suction side of the heat exchanger to prevent clogging of the cooling fins provided in the heat exchanger.

  By the way, construction machines are often used in an operating environment where a lot of dust is flying. For this reason, the filter covering the heat exchanger is also frequently clogged, and it is necessary to remove dust clogged in the filter. Conventionally, in order to remove dust clogged in the filter, the filter is removed from the heat exchanger and the dust is removed from the filter outside the machine body of the construction machine (see Patent Document 1).

  FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining an operation for removing dust clogged in a conventional filter. The filter 100 is usually attached to the cooling air suction side of the heat exchanger 101. In the example shown in the figure, the filter 100 is slidably mounted on a hook 102 provided in the heat exchanger 101 and has an upper portion fixed to the heat exchanger 101 using a butterfly bolt 107.

  Therefore, in order to remove dust clogged in the filter 100, the butterfly bolt 107 is removed, the filter 100 is removed from the heat exchanger 101 by sliding it upward along the hook 102, and then the filter 100 is removed from the engine chamber 103. It was necessary to take it out of the fuselage and remove the dust outside the fuselage.

JP 2006-052689 A

  The conventional filter device needs to remove the filter 100 from the heat exchanger 101 in order to remove dust clogged in the filter 100. Therefore, in the conventional filter device, the filter 100 vibrates during the removal, and the dust 105 attached to the filter 100 falls into the engine chamber 103 as shown in FIG. .

  For this reason, conventionally, it is necessary to clean the filter 100 and clean the dust 105 that has fallen into the engine chamber 103, which is troublesome.

The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a filter device for a small swivel type small hydraulic excavator that saves the work of cleaning the filter.

From the first point of view, the above problem is
A filter covering the upstream side of the cooling air of the heat exchange device cooled by the cooling air;
A support mechanism for supporting the filter so as to be displaceable in the engine compartment;
A tray that is disposed in the engine chamber and collects dust falling from the filter due to the displacement;
The support mechanism is
A frame that holds the filter and is provided with a rotation shaft;
A bearing member for bearing the rotating shaft;
A lock mechanism that restricts the displacement of the frame in the locked state and enables the frame to be displaced in the unlocked state;
The tray is
Solved by a filter device of a small swivel type small hydraulic excavator characterized in that it is arranged so as to cover the upper part of the device arranged on the upstream side of the cooling air of the filter and can be taken out of the airframe. can do.

  According to the filter device of the disclosed construction machine, dust clogged in the filter falls and is collected on the tray by displacing the filter in the engine compartment. For this reason, since the collected dust can be taken out from the engine chamber and discarded, the filter cleaning work can be saved.

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a construction machine equipped with a filter device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the engine room of the construction machine equipped with the filter device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the filter device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view of the filter device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the filter device according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a perspective view for explaining a conventional filter device. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a problem that occurs in a conventional filter device.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a construction machine provided with an exhaust device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, a small swing type small hydraulic excavator 1 will be described as an example of a construction machine. In this small turning type small hydraulic excavator 1, the amount of extension of the engine chamber 17 in the Y2 direction with respect to the cab 8 is set small.

  The small hydraulic excavator 1 is roughly constituted by a crawler-type lower traveling body 2 that can be self-propelled and an upper revolving body 3 that is turnably mounted on the lower traveling body 2. A work attachment 4 is provided on the front side of the upper swing body 3.

  The work attachment 4 includes a boom 6, an arm 9, a bucket 10, and the like. The boom 6 is attached to a turning frame 5 described later so as to be able to move up and down. The arm 9 is rotatably attached to the tip end side of the boom 6. Moreover, the bucket 10 is attached to the front end side of the arm 9 so that rotation is possible.

Boom cylinder 12 is disposed between the revolving frame 5 and the boom 6. The boom 6 moves up and down with respect to the revolving frame 5 by the boom cylinder 12. The arm cylinder 13 is disposed between the boom 6 and the arm 9. The arm 9 rotates with respect to the boom 6 by the arm cylinder 13. Further, the bucket cylinder 14 is disposed between the bucket 10 and the arm 9. The bucket 10 is rotated with respect to the arm 9 by the bucket cylinder 14.

  The upper revolving unit 3 is installed on the lower traveling unit 2 through a revolving mechanism 16 so as to be able to revolve. As shown in FIG. 2 in addition to FIG. 1, the upper swing body 3 is provided with a swing frame 5, a cab 8, a counterweight 15, an engine hood 17a, an exterior cover 18, an engine 20, a muffler 30, and the like. .

  The cab 8 is provided on the revolving frame 5, and a driver's seat (not shown) is provided therein. The operator sits on the driver's seat in the cab 8 and operates the small hydraulic excavator 1.

  The counterweight 15 has a function of balancing the weight with the work attachment 4. The engine hood 17a and the exterior cover 18 cover the engine 20, the heat exchanger 24, the pump 27, the filter device 35A, and the like.

  Next, the configuration inside the engine chamber 17 will be described.

2, Ru schematic configuration view showing an internal structure of the engine compartment 17. Counter weight 15, the engine hood 17a, the enclosed engine compartment 17 to the exterior cover 18, the engine 20, cooling fan 23, heat exchanger 24, a pump 27, and the filter device 35A and the like are disposed.

  The engine 20 is supported on an upper part of an engine mounting seat 21 disposed on the revolving frame 5 via a mount 22. The mount 22 is an anti-vibration mount and prevents vibration generated by the engine 20 from being transmitted to the turning frame 5.

  A cooling fan 23 is disposed on the X1 direction side (left side in the figure) of the engine 20. Further, a heat exchange device 24 is disposed on the X1 direction side of the cooling fan 23.

  The cooling fan 23 is rotationally driven by the engine 20. As the cooling fan 23 is driven to rotate, outside air is taken into the engine compartment 17 as cooling air. The heat exchange device 24 is cooled by the cooling air taken into the engine chamber 17.

  The cooling air flows toward the right side in FIG. Therefore, the arrow X1 direction side in the figure is the cooling air upstream side, and the arrow X2 direction in the figure is the cooling air downstream side.

  The heat exchanging device 24 is supplied to an oil cooler and an engine for dissipating hydraulic fluid from hydraulic equipment such as a radiator that cools cooling water flowing in the engine 20, a boom cylinder 12, an arm cylinder 13, and a bucket cylinder 14. A radiator unit 24A provided with an intercooler for cooling the supercharged air, a fuel cooler 24B for cooling excess fuel returning to a fuel tank (not shown), and a condenser 24C for an air conditioner, and these radiator units 24A , A fuel cooler 24B and a rectangular frame 24D surrounding the capacitor 24C. The fuel cooler 24B and the condenser 24C are disposed on the cooling air upstream side of the radiator unit 24A. The frame body 24D has an opening 24E on the cooling air upstream side of the fuel cooler 24B, the fuel cooler 24B, and the condenser 24C.

  A battery 46 and an electrical component 47 are disposed on the floor surface 59 on the upstream side of the cooling air of the heat exchange device 24 in the engine chamber 17. A partition wall 58 is formed on the cooling cover upstream side of the heat exchange device 24 of the exterior cover 18. The frame body 24D of the heat exchange device 24 is configured to be in airtight contact with the partition wall 58 through a seal or the like.

  In the deck portion 60 extending from the floor surface 59, an opening 61 is formed at the upper position of the battery 46 and the electrical component 47. The opening 61 is airtightly closed by a tray 37 described later.

  Therefore, in a state where the tray 37 is mounted in the opening 61, the engine chamber 17 is formed on the first space 55 in which the engine 20, the heat exchange device 24, and the like are stored, and on the cooling air upstream side of the heat exchange device 24. The second space 56 is defined.

  The cooling air generated by the cooling fan 23 passes through only the filter device 35 </ b> A and the heat exchange device 24 and flows from the second space portion 56 toward the first space portion 55.

  The pump 27 is disposed on the side opposite to the side where the cooling fan 23 of the engine 20 is disposed (downstream side of cooling air). The pump 27 is a hydraulic source such as a boom cylinder 12, an arm cylinder 13, and a bucket cylinder 14 that drive the work attachment 4. This pump 27 is also driven by the engine 20.

  Exhaust gas discharged from the engine 20 is introduced into the muffler 30 via the exhaust manifold 28 and the exhaust pipe 29. The muffler 30 is fixed to the upper position of the engine 20 on the X2 direction side via a fixing bracket 33. The exhaust noise of the exhaust gas is silenced by repeatedly expanding and compressing in a plurality of rooms formed in the muffler 30.

  A tail pipe 31 is provided at the exhaust end of the silencer 30. The exhaust gas that has been silenced by the silencer 30 is discharged from the tail pipe 31 to the outside of the machine body.

  Next, the filter device 35 </ b> A will be described mainly with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

  The filter device 35 </ b> A has a filter 36, a support mechanism, and a tray 37. The filter device 35A is arranged to cover the cooling air upstream side of the opening 24E of the heat exchange device 24.

  The filter 36 is supported by the support mechanism in a displaceable manner on the frame body 24D of the heat exchange device 24. This support mechanism includes a frame 38, a bearing bracket 41A, and a lock mechanism 42A.

  The frame 38 has a rectangular frame shape as shown in FIG. The frame 38 is in airtight contact with the frame body 24D of the heat exchange device 24 through a seal or the like. The filter 36 is held by the frame 38 by being mounted inside the frame 38. In this holding state, the filter 36 is surrounded by the frame 38 and the filter 36 and the frame 38 are integrated. Further, a rotating shaft 38a is disposed at both lower side positions of the frame 38, and a screw shaft 38b is disposed at one upper side position.

  The bearing bracket 41 </ b> A is disposed below the heat exchange device 24. The bearing bracket 41 </ b> A is formed with a shaft hole that supports a rotating shaft 38 a provided in the frame 38. Therefore, the filter 36 (frame 38) is configured to be displaceable with respect to the heat exchange device 24 by bearing the rotating shaft 38a on the bearing bracket 41A. Specifically, the filter 36 can swing with respect to the heat exchanging device 24 around the position where the bearing bracket 41A supports the rotating shaft 38a.

  The lock mechanism 42A includes a screw shaft 38b, a lock bracket 43A, and a lock knob 44. As described above, the screw shaft 38b is disposed at one side position (the Y2 side position in the drawing) above the frame 38.

  The locking bracket 43 </ b> A is a plate-like member curved in an arc shape and is fixed to the heat exchange device 24. A guide hole 43a is formed in the locking bracket 43A. The lock knob 44 is held by an operator and is configured to be screwed with the screw shaft 38b. The screw shaft 38b provided in the frame 38 is inserted into a guide hole 43a formed in the locking bracket 43A, and the lock knob 44 is screwed onto the screw shaft 38b.

  As described above, the frame 38 (filter 36) swings around the position where the rotation shaft 38a is supported by the bearing bracket 41A. At this time, the screw shaft 38b is also displaced, but the shape of the guide hole 43a is a shape corresponding to the locus of displacement of the screw shaft 38b. Accordingly, the locking bracket 43A functions as a guide member for the screw shaft 38b, and when the frame 38 (filter 36) swings, the screw shaft 38b is guided and displaced by the guide hole 43a.

  The lock knob 44 is detachably attached to a screw shaft 38b provided in the frame 38. By tightening the lock knob 44 to the screw shaft 38b, the lock bracket 43A is fastened between the frame 38 and the lock knob 44, and thus the displacement of the filter 36 (frame 38) is restricted (locked) to be locked. Further, the lock 36 is released by loosening the lock knob 44, and the filter 36 (frame 38) can swing about the bearing bracket 41A.

  The tray 37 is arranged upstream of the cooling air with respect to the arrangement position of the filter 36 in the engine chamber 17. Further, the tray 37 is disposed so as to cover the opening 61 formed in the deck portion 60, and the opening 61 is hermetically closed through a seal or the like, and is also sealed at the lower portion of the frame 24D of the heat exchange device 24. Airtight contact through etc. The tray 37 has a shape that covers the bottom of the second space portion 56 and has a function of collecting dust falling from the filter 36 as will be described later. Note that the tray 37 itself may be provided with a function such as a seal by forming the tray 37 with an elastic material such as a synthetic resin.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a door 19 is disposed at a position facing the filter device 35 </ b> A in the engine chamber 17. The tray 37 is configured to be able to be taken out from the door 19 through the door 19 (see FIG. 3).

  Next, cleaning processing when the filter 36 is clogged with dust in the filter device 35A having the above-described configuration will be described.

  When the small excavator 1 is in operation, the filter 36 is locked in a state parallel to the heat exchange device 24 by the lock mechanism 42A (a state indicated by a solid line in FIG. 2). Therefore, when the small excavator 1 is operated, the filter 36 is not displaced, and the filter 36 reliably collects dust contained in the cooling air.

  In order to perform the cleaning process of the filter 36, the operator first opens the door 19 of the exterior cover 18. The filter device 35 </ b> A is provided at a position facing the door 19. Therefore, the filter device 35A can be operated by opening the door 19.

  When the door 19 is opened, the operator subsequently performs an operation of loosening the lock knob 44 constituting the lock mechanism 42A. When the lock knob 44 is loosened, the lock is released, and the filter 36 (frame 38) can swing about the bearing bracket 41A.

  Subsequently, with the operator holding the lock knob 44, the operator swings the filter 36 (frame 38) about the bearing bracket 41A as shown by an arrow A in FIG.

  At this time, the screw shaft 38b to which the lock knob 44 is attached is engaged with the guide hole 43a of the locking bracket 43A. The shape of the guide hole 43a corresponds to the movement locus of the screw shaft 38b. Therefore, since the operator can operate the lock knob 44 while being guided by the locking bracket 43A, the operator can easily perform the operation of swinging the filter 36 (frame 38).

  By operating the lock knob 44 as described above, the filter 36 is vibrated, whereby the dust 70 (see FIG. 3) adhering to the filter 36 falls. The tray 37 has a shape that covers the bottom surface of the second space portion 56 so as to collect the dust 70 falling from the filter 36. Therefore, the tray 37 can reliably collect the dust 70 falling from the filter 36.

  When the dust 70 attached to the filter 36 falls and the clogging of the filter 36 is eliminated, the operator moves the filter 36 (frame 38) to a predetermined mounting position parallel to the heat exchange device 24, and then The lock knob 44 is fastened to the screw shaft 38b. As a result, the filter 36 is locked again, and is fixed at a position that prevents dust from entering the heat exchange device 24.

  Next, the operator performs processing for removing the dust 70 from the tray 37 from which the dust 70 has dropped and discarding it. When the disposal of the dust 70 is finished, the operator closes the door 19 to finish a series of cleaning processes. Note that the tray 37 itself may be taken out of the machine body from the opening formed in the exterior cover 18 by opening the door 19 and the dust 70 may be discarded. In this case, when the disposal of the dust 70 is finished, the operator attaches the tray 37 to the opening 61 at the lower part of the second space 56 and then closes the door 19 to complete a series of cleaning processes. .

  As described above, the filter device 35A according to the present embodiment causes the dust 70 attached to the filter 36 to fall on the tray 37 by displacing (swinging) the filter 36 in the engine chamber 17, and the dust 70 falls. The clogging of the filter 36 can be eliminated simply by removing the tray 37 from the engine chamber 17 and discarding it.

  Further, even if the dust 70 is dropped from the filter 36 in the engine chamber 17, the dust 70 falls in the tray 37 and does not fall in other parts in the engine chamber 17. For this reason, the cleaning process in the engine chamber 17 which has been conventionally required can be eliminated. Therefore, according to the filter device 35A according to the present embodiment, the cleaning process of the filter 36 can be facilitated and labor can be saved.

  FIG. 5 shows a filter device 35B according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

  In FIG. 5, components corresponding to those of the filter device 35 </ b> A according to the first embodiment described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

In the filter device 35 </ b> A according to the first embodiment described above, the rotation shaft 38 a is provided at both lower side positions of the frame 38 that holds the filter 36. For this reason, in the filter device 35A, the filter 36 (frame 38) swings about the directions indicated by the arrows Y1 and Y2 in the drawing as the rotation axis.

  On the other hand, the filter device 35B according to the present embodiment is characterized in that a rotation shaft 38a is provided at the upper and lower side positions of the side of the frame 38. With this configuration, the filter 36 (frame 38) is configured to swing with the directions indicated by arrows Z1 and Z2 in the drawing as the rotation axis. That is, the filter 36 (the frame 38) swings in the direction indicated by the arrow B in the drawing with the bearing bracket 41B as the center.

  The lock mechanism 42B includes a locking bracket 43B in which a groove 51 into which the screw shaft 38b enters as the filter 36 swings and a lock knob 44 attached to the screw shaft 38b. Therefore, when the small excavator 1 is in operation, the lock knob 44 is tightened with the screw shaft 38 b inserted into the groove 51. As a result, the filter 36 is locked, and is fixed at a position that prevents dust from entering the heat exchange device 24.

  Further, the filter device 35B is formed with a pair of upper and lower stoppers 50 extending forward of the heat exchange device 24 (Y1 direction in the drawing). The tip of the stopper 50 is bent inward. Therefore, the filter 36 (frame 38) is configured to come into contact with the stopper 50 when the filter 36 swings by a predetermined angle. By providing this stopper 50, the swing of the filter 36 (frame 38) more than necessary can be restricted.

  Also in the filter device 35B according to the present embodiment, the operator holds the lock knob 44 and swings the filter 36 (frame 38) in the direction of arrow B, so that dust attached to the filter 36 is not shown in the tray 37. Can be dropped. Therefore, also in the filter device 35B according to the second embodiment having the above-described configuration, it is possible to achieve the same operational effects as those of the filter device 35A according to the first embodiment described above.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention described in the claims. It can be modified and changed.

  Specifically, in the above-described embodiment, the example in which the present invention is applied to the small excavator 1 has been described. However, the present invention can also be applied to various construction machines having a filter.

1 Small excavator 2 Lower traveling body
3 upper rotating body 4 Attachment 5 revolving frame 6 boom <br/> 7 upper arm 8 cab 9 arm 15 counterweight 16 pivot mechanism 17 engine compartment 17a engine hood 18 outer cover 19 door 20 engine 23 cooling fan 24 heat exchanger 24A Radiator unit 24B Fuel cooler 24C Air condenser 24D Frame 24E Opening 30 Silencer 35A, 35B Filter device 36 Filter 37 Tray 38 Frame 38a Rotating 38b Screw shaft 40A, 40B Support mechanism 41A, 41B Bearing bracket 42A, 42B Lock mechanism 43A , 43B Lock bracket 44 Lock knob
43a guide hole 46 battery 47 electrical component 48 space 50 stopper 55 first space 56 second space 59 floor surface 60 deck

Claims (1)

A filter covering the upstream side of the cooling air of the heat exchange device cooled by the cooling air;
A support mechanism for supporting the filter so as to be displaceable in the engine compartment;
A tray that is disposed in the engine chamber and collects dust falling from the filter due to the displacement;
The support mechanism is
A frame that holds the filter and is provided with a rotation shaft;
A bearing member for bearing the rotating shaft;
A lock mechanism that restricts the displacement of the frame in the locked state and enables the frame to be displaced in the unlocked state;
The tray is
A filter device for a small swivel type small hydraulic excavator , characterized in that it is arranged so as to cover the upper part of the device arranged on the upstream side of the cooling air of the filter and can be taken out of the body.

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