JP5786328B2 - Conductive material joining method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for bonding conductive materials.

  In order to increase the degree of freedom of the shape of the joined member in resistance welding, to facilitate the setting of welding conditions, and to improve current efficiency, the pair of members to be joined were slid in contact with each other, and the surface insulation coating was peeled off. Later, the sliding is stopped and fusion bonding is performed by resistance heating (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 11-138275 A

  However, the current that causes resistance heating is concentrated in the high surface pressure portion in the joining region between the members to be joined and does not flow evenly over the entire contact surface, so that heating becomes uneven and only a limited area and shape can be joined. . In particular, when the bonded regions of the members to be bonded are not on the same plane, there is a problem that it is difficult to uniformly bond all the bonded regions and obtain a stable bonding strength.

  The present invention has been made to solve the problems associated with the above-described prior art, and provides a bonding method of conductive materials capable of obtaining stable bonding strength even in a plurality of bonding regions that are not on the same plane. For the purpose.

The uniform phase of the present invention for achieving the above object is a joining method for joining first and second members to be joined having a plurality of joining regions which are made of a conductive material and are not on the same plane. The first and second members to be joined are brought into contact with each other and the first and second members to be joined are slid relative to each other while current is passed from the first member to be joined to the second member to be joined. It has the joining process which joins the said 1st and 2nd to-be-joined member by flowing to a member and carrying out resistance heating. In the joining step, a priority order to contact each joining region is set so that the joining regions are joined uniformly. In addition, the sliding is generated by vibration in one direction, the joining region of the first and second members to be joined has a shape that allows the vibration in one direction, and the first member to be joined is The convex part included in the joining region has the convex part, and the second member to be joined has a concave part corresponding to the convex part and contained in the joining region. In the joining step, the convex portion of the first member to be joined and the concave portion of the second member to be joined are joined.
Another aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object is that the first member to be joined includes a base surface that is a first step surface, a tip surface that is a second step surface, and the base surface. A stepped portion having a wall portion connecting to the tip surface, and the joining region of the first member to be joined includes a part of the base surface and the tip surface, 2 to-be-joined member is equipped with the step-shaped site | part which has the base part surface which is a 1st level | step difference surface, the front end surface which is a 2nd level | step difference surface, and the wall part which connects the said base surface and the said front end surface. The joining region of the second member to be joined includes a part of the base surface and the tip surface. In the joining step, a part of the base surface of the first member to be joined and the tip surface of the second member to be joined are joined, and the tip surface of the first member to be joined Part of the first base surface of the second member to be joined is joined.

According to the present invention, sliding is generated by vibration in one direction, the joining region of the first and second members to be joined has a shape that allows vibration in one direction, and the first member to be joined is In the case where the convex region included in the bonding region and the second member to be bonded have a concave portion corresponding to the convex region and included in the bonding region, or the first member to be bonded is A stepped portion having a base surface that is a first step surface, a tip surface that is a second step surface, and a wall portion that connects the base surface and the tip surface, and a first member to be joined The joining region includes a part of the base surface and the tip surface, and the second member to be joined includes a base surface that is the first step surface, a tip surface that is the second step surface, and a base surface. And a wall portion connecting the distal end surface, and a joining region of the second joined member is formed on the base surface. In the case that contains the parts and the tip face, so that the junction region is uniformly bonded, since the priority to abut each junction area is set, it is possible to obtain a stable bonding strength. That is, it is possible to provide a conductive material bonding method capable of obtaining stable bonding strength even in a plurality of bonding regions that are not on the same plane.

It is the schematic for demonstrating the joining apparatus applied to the joining method of the electrically-conductive material which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. It is sectional drawing regarding line II-II of FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining a conductive material joining method according to Embodiment 1; FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a first modification according to the first embodiment. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a second modification according to the first embodiment. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a third modification according to the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a bonding method for conductive materials according to Embodiment 2. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a first modification according to the second embodiment. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a second modification according to the second embodiment. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a third modification according to the second embodiment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram for explaining a bonding apparatus applied to the conductive material bonding method according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG.

  The joining apparatus 40 according to the first embodiment is used to join a member to be joined having a plurality of joining regions that are not on the same plane, using resistance heating and frictional heat (plastic flow), and the first electrode 42. , Second electrode 44, current supply device 50, holding device 60, sliding device (sliding means) 70, pressurizing device 80, and control device 90.

  The workpieces to be joined include a member to be joined 10 positioned above, a member to be joined 20 located below, and an intermediate member 30 that is a member to be joined disposed between the members to be joined 10 and 20. It has a uniform shape that allows vibration in one direction, which will be described later, and the extending direction of the contact surface is the horizontal direction H, so that the members 10 and 20 can be easily joined by vibration. .

  The member to be joined 10 is a first member to be joined having a convex portion having a tapered cross section with respect to the direction of vibration, and a pair of inclined surfaces 12 and 14 and a corner portion 16 connecting the inclined surfaces, In addition, a bulging portion 18 (see FIG. 2) is formed in the corner portion 16. The member 20 to be joined is a second member to be joined that has a concave portion having a recess whose section is tapered with respect to the direction of vibration. The pair of inclined surfaces 22 and 24 that are recessed, and the inclined surfaces 22 and 24. , And is disposed on the lower side with respect to the direction of gravity (vertical direction) L with respect to the member to be joined 10.

  The inclined surfaces 12 and 14 and the corners 16 of the member to be bonded 10 correspond to the inclined surfaces 22 and 24 and the corners 26 of the member to be bonded 20, and the convex portion of the member to be bonded 10 and the member to be bonded 20. The concave portion is configured to be joinable. That is, the inclined surfaces 12 and 22, the inclined surfaces 14 and 24, and the corner portions 16 and 26 are joining regions that are not on the same plane, and the convex portion of the member to be joined 10 and the concave portion of the member to be joined 20. It is possible to form a solid joint portion in which and are fitted. Note that the bulging portion 18 can be provided at the corner portion 26 of the member to be joined 20 or at both the corner portions 16 and 26. If necessary, the bulging part 18 can be provided not on the corners 16 and 26 but on one or both of the inclined surfaces 12 and 14 and the inclined surfaces 22 and 24.

  The intermediate member 30 is a plate-like member having inclined surfaces and corners corresponding to the inclined surfaces 12, 14, 22, and 24 and the corners 16 and 26 of the members to be joined 10 and 20, It is made of a conductive material having a melting point lower than that of the conductive material constituting at least one of them. Thereby, joining to the to-be-joined members 10 and 20 is attained at low temperature, the thermal influence on the to-be-joined members 10 and 20 is reduced, and joining becomes easy.

  The members 10 and 20 are high-pressure die casting (HPDC) castings, and an aluminum casting material (ADC12) is applied. The intermediate member 30 is made of zinc (Zn), which is a eutectic reaction material that forms a low-temperature eutectic with aluminum, and has a thickness of, for example, 10 to 100 μm.

  The first and second electrodes 42 and 44 are for heating and softening the members to be joined 10 and 20 and the intermediate member 30 (contact surfaces of the members 10 and 20 to which the intermediate member 30 is interposed) by resistance heating. The first electrode 42 is electrically connected to the member to be bonded 10 positioned above, and the second electrode 44 is electrically connected to the member to be bonded 20 positioned below.

  The first and second electrodes 42 and 44 are elastically held, and are configured so that the pressing force from the pressing device 80 is not directly applied. The 1st and 2nd electrodes 42 and 44 are not limited to the form which contacts the to-be-joined members 10 and 20 directly, For example, it is also possible to contact indirectly through the other member which has electroconductivity. Each of the first and second electrodes 42 and 44 may be composed of a plurality of electrodes.

  The current supply device 50 is current supply means for flowing current from the first electrode 42 to the second electrode 44 via the member to be bonded 10, the intermediate member 30, and the member 20 to be bonded. The voltage value is adjustable.

  The holding device 60 has a movable holding part 62 positioned above and a fixed holding part 64 positioned below. The movable holding part 62 is used to hold the member 10 to be reciprocated in the horizontal direction H. The fixed holding portion 64 is used to restrict the movement of the member to be bonded 20 in the horizontal direction H and maintain the member to be bonded 20 in a stationary state relative to the member to be bonded 10.

  The sliding device 70 slides the member to be bonded 10 relative to the member to be bonded 20, and applies frictional heat (plastic flow) to the contact surfaces of the members to be bonded 10 and 20 with the intermediate member 30 interposed therebetween. The shaft 72 is composed of vibration means used for generating the vibration, and vibrates (vibrates) the member to be bonded 10 held by the movable holding portion 62 in a horizontal direction H parallel to the extending direction of the contact surface. And a motor 74 that is a drive source of the shaft 72. For example, the excitation amplitude is adjustable in the range of 100 to 1000 μm, and the excitation frequency is adjustable in the range of 10 to 100 Hz. The vibration mechanism is not particularly limited, and for example, ultrasonic vibration, electromagnetic vibration, hydraulic vibration, and cam vibration can be applied.

  Since the excitation direction is a reciprocating motion in one direction along the extending direction of the contact surface, the degree of freedom of the shape of the contact surface is improved. In other words, since vibration can be applied as long as it can be displaced in one direction, the shape of the contact surface does not need to be a flat surface. For example, it is possible to adopt a form in which a convex portion is fitted in a groove extending in one direction. . Further, the sliding device 70 is not limited to a form using vibration (vibration mechanism), and it is also possible to appropriately apply a rotational motion or a revolving motion that swings around in a circular orbit without rotating. . In the case of the revolving motion, unlike the vibration, the relative motion between the contact surfaces does not stop, so only the dynamic friction coefficient acts to stabilize the friction coefficient, and it is possible to wear the contact surface uniformly. . Further, when sliding is generated by rotation, the contact surface (joining region) needs to have a shape that allows the rotation.

  The pressurizing device 80 includes a pressurizing unit 82 positioned above and a support structure 84 positioned below. The pressurizing portions 82 are arranged on both sides of the member to be joined 10 (see FIG. 2), and can be moved forward and backward in the vertical direction (pressing direction P orthogonal to the contact surface) L. And functions as surface pressure adjusting means for adjusting the pressing surface pressure of the member to be bonded 10 against the member 20 to be bonded. The pressurizing unit 82 includes, for example, a hydraulic cylinder, and is configured to be capable of adjusting the pressing force. The pressing force is, for example, 2 to 10 MPa. The support structure 84 is used to support the fixed holding portion 64 that holds the bonded member 20 to which the pressing force of the pressurizing device 80 is transmitted.

  It is also possible to apply a form in which the pressing force by the pressurizing unit 82 is indirectly applied to the bonded member 10 via the first electrode 42. It is also possible to dispose the pressurizing unit 82 and the support structure 84 in reverse. In this case, the member to be bonded 20 is pressed by the pressurizing portion 82 disposed below, and the member to be bonded 10 is supported by the support structure 84 disposed above. In addition, the degree of freedom in adjusting the surface pressure can be improved by providing the second pressure unit instead of the support structure 84.

  The control device 90 is a control means including a computer having a calculation unit, a storage unit, an input unit, and an output unit, and is used for comprehensively controlling the current supply device 50, the sliding device 70, and the pressurizing device 80. The Each function of the control device 90 is exhibited when the arithmetic unit executes a program stored in the storage device.

  Note that the members to be joined 10 and 20 are not particularly limited to high-pressure die casting (HPDC) castings, and for example, rolled materials can be applied. However, since the joint according to Embodiment 1 is formed at a melting point or lower and the influence of the inclusion gas is suppressed, the degree of freedom in selecting a casting material is large (the material selection range is wide). Moreover, since the aluminum high pressure die casting is an inexpensive structural material, the manufacturing cost of the joined body can be reduced.

  The members to be joined 10 and 20 are not limited to the form made of the same material (the same kind of metal). For example, one of the members to be joined 10 and 20 can be made of aluminum, and the other of the members to be joined 10 and 20 can be made of an iron-based material or a magnesium-based material. In this case, since an Al—Fe or Al—Mg dissimilar material joined body is obtained, it can be easily applied as automotive parts such as an exhaust manifold.

  The eutectic reaction material constituting the intermediate member 30 forms a liquid phase and promotes interdiffusion between the members to be joined and between the eutectic reaction material and the member to be joined, thus ensuring good joint strength. In addition, since the gap is filled with the liquid phase to be formed, it is easy to achieve good water-tightness even when joining large areas or curved surfaces. Therefore, it is particularly effective for a portion requiring high water tightness, a two-dimensional curved surface, or a large area portion.

  The intermediate member 30 is in a liquid phase with a low melting point by a eutectic reaction, and plays a role of blocking oxygen and suppressing reoxidation. It is also preferable in that it can be joined with low heat input for a short time and mass production is easy. The eutectic reaction material that forms a low-temperature eutectic with aluminum is not limited to zinc, and copper (Cu), tin (Sn), or silver (Ag) can be applied.

  The intermediate member 30 can also be composed of a conductive material that forms a liquid phase other than the eutectic reaction material, and in this case, the degree of freedom in selecting the intermediate member is large (the material selection range is wide). Examples of the conductive material that forms a liquid phase other than the eutectic reaction material include inexpensive and general brazing materials and low-temperature solder as compared with the eutectic reaction material.

  The intermediate member 30 is not limited to the form which consists of another body, but can also be comprised from the coating layer integrated with one of the to-be-joined members 10 and 20. FIG. In this case, it is possible to arrange the intermediate member 30 locally. The coating can be formed by plating, cladding, coating, or the like.

  Next, the joining method according to Embodiment 1 will be described.

  FIG. 3 is a flowchart for explaining the conductive material bonding method according to the first embodiment. The algorithm shown by the flowchart shown in FIG. 3 is stored as a program in the storage unit of the control device 90, and is executed by the arithmetic unit of the control device 90.

  This joining method is a joining method for joining members to be joined having a plurality of joining regions that are not on the same plane, and the joining regions (inclined surfaces 12, 14, 22, 24, and The members to be joined are heated by resistance by causing current to flow from the members to be joined 10 to the members to be joined 20 while the corners 16 and 26) are brought into contact with each other and the members to be joined 10 and 20 are relatively slid. 10 and 20 is joined, and in the joining step, priority is set for each joining region so that the joining regions are joined uniformly. That is, since the priority order for contacting each bonding region is set so that the bonding regions are uniformly bonded, stable bonding strength can be obtained.

  The joining process generally uses a preliminary sliding step (S11) for reducing variation in contact resistance, resistance heating and frictional heat (plastic flow), and the joining members 10 and 20 with the intermediate member 30 interposed therebetween. The first joining step (S12) for starting the formation of the joining interface, the second joining step (S13) for promoting the integration of the joining interface, and the joined bodies (joined members 10 and 20 joined via the intermediate member 30). ) Has a cooling step (S14).

  More specifically, in the preliminary sliding step (S11), a work in which the intermediate member 30 is disposed between the member to be bonded 10 and the member to be bonded 20 is introduced, and the pressurizing unit 82 of the pressurizing device 80 is moved. It is operated and a pressing force is applied to the member to be joined 10, the intermediate member 30, and the member 20 to be joined.

  Thereafter, the sliding device 70 is driven to cause sliding (vibration) in the horizontal direction H of the member 10 to be joined. At this time, since the member 20 to be bonded is restricted from moving in the horizontal direction by the fixed holding portion 64 of the holding device 60, and the member to be bonded 10, the intermediate member 30, and the member to be bonded 20 are under pressure, Friction occurs on the contact surfaces of the members 10 and 20 to which the intermediate member 30 is interposed, and the aluminum oxide film on the contact surface is removed.

  In the first joining step (S12), the current supply device 50 is operated, and the current supplied from the current supply device 50 passes from the first electrode 42 via the member 10 to be joined, the intermediate member 30 and the member 20 to be joined. As a result, resistance heating is caused to flow to the second electrode 44. As a result, wear, plastic flow, and material diffusion occur in the contact surface due to the combined use of both frictional heat and resistance heating, and the formation of the bonding interface between the members to be bonded 10 and 20 with the intermediate member 30 interposed therebetween is started.

  At this time, since the bulging portion 18 is formed in the corner portion 16 of the member to be bonded 10, the corner portion 16 of the member to be bonded 10 and the corner portion 26 of the member to be bonded 20 are connected via the intermediate member 30. Abut first. Further, the intermediate member 30 is located above the member 20 to be joined, and the melted intermediate member 30 stays at the corner portion 26 where stress tends to concentrate in the concave portion of the member 20 to be joined.

  Thereafter, the inclined surfaces 12 and 14 of the member to be bonded 10 and the inclined surfaces 22 and 24 of the member to be bonded 20 come into contact with each other via the intermediate member 30.

  In the second joining step (S13), the amount of heat generated by resistance heating is reduced by decreasing the supply of current by the current supply device 50, while the frictional heat is increased by increasing the pressing force by the pressure device 80. Be made. As a result, the amount of heat generated by resistance heating decreases, and the process proceeds to a process of promoting integration by stirring the softened material by sliding. The increase in frictional heat can also be achieved by controlling the sliding device 70.

  The supply of current by the current supply device 50 is finally stopped. Then, immediately before entering the cooling step (S14), the operation of the sliding device 70 is stopped, and the member to be joined 10 is positioned at a predetermined stationary position (final joining position). At this time, in order to improve positioning accuracy and facilitate positioning, the pressing force by the pressurizing device 80 can be reduced.

  As a result of the first joining step (S12) and the second joining step (S13), a diffusion joining region, a plastic flow joining region and an intermediate member are formed at the joining interfaces of the inclined surfaces 12, 14, 22, 24 and the corners 16, 26. A structure having an intervening junction region is formed. The plastic flow joining region is a region where the members to be joined 10 and 20 are directly diffused to each other and the discharged or diffused intermediate member 30 is present. The plastic flow bonding region is a region having a pressure welding due to plastic flow of a conductive material and a recrystallized structure. The intermediate member intervening joining region is a region including the intermediate member 30 and a diffusion joining region in which the conductive material constituting the intermediate member 30 diffuses into the conductive material constituting the members to be joined 10 and 20.

  In the cooling step (S14), when the pressing force by the pressurizing device 80 is increased and a predetermined time elapses, it is determined that the cooling is finished, and pressurization is stopped. Then, the pressurizing unit 82 of the pressurizing device 80 is separated from the bonded member 10. The end of cooling can also be determined directly by detecting the temperature.

  Thereafter, the joined members 10 and 20 joined with the intermediate member 30 interposed therebetween (a solid joined portion in which the convex portion of the joined member 10 and the concave portion of the joined member 20 were fitted) was formed. Is removed.

  In the preliminary sliding step (S11), the aluminum oxide film on the surface of the contact surface is removed, and the variation in contact resistance due to the difference in film thickness is reduced. Therefore, heat generation in the subsequent first joining step (S12). Variation in quantity is suppressed. In addition, before the preliminary sliding step (S11), pre-treatment such as degreasing and removing the aluminum oxide film by brushing with a wire brush is not required, so that workability is improved. In addition, it is also possible to implement pre-processing as needed.

  Before the preliminary sliding step (S11) or as an alternative to the preliminary sliding step (S11), the current supply device 50 is operated in a state where the sliding device 70 is stopped, so that the contact surface is softened by resistance heating. It is also possible to provide a heating step. Further, the preliminary sliding step (S11) can be omitted as appropriate.

  In the first joining step (S12), the corner portion 16 of the member to be joined 10 and the corner portion 26 of the member to be joined 20 first contact each other via the intermediate member 30. Since the initial surface pressure of the corner portions 16 and 26 that tend to concentrate stress increases, the generation of gaps is suppressed and the bonding strength is improved, so that a stable bonding strength can be obtained.

  The intermediate member 30 is located above the member 20 to be joined, and the melted intermediate member 30 stays at the corner portion 26 where stress tends to concentrate in the concave portion of the member 20 to be joined. It is possible to obtain a bonding strength. Further, since the intermediate member is made of a conductive material having a low melting point and can be bonded at a low temperature, the thermal influence on the members to be bonded is reduced and the bonding becomes easy.

  It is also possible to integrate the second joining step (S13) with the first joining step (S12) by not reducing the supply of current and increasing the applied pressure. In addition, the cooling step (S14) can be omitted as appropriate.

  Since the joining interface according to the first embodiment is physically joined by the plastic flow joining region in addition to the diffusion joining region and the intermediate member interposed joining region, the strength close to the base material characteristics of the members to be joined 10 and 20 is obtained. It is possible to ensure good bonding strength over the entire bonding region.

  In addition, since both frictional heat and resistance heating are used in combination, it is not necessary to apply a high surface pressure compared to joining using only one, so that even when the area of the contact surface is large, it can be easily joined. Is possible. In other words, even if a high pressing force (surface pressure) is not applied to the contact surface, the current-concentrated portion changes and is heated uniformly, so that even when the contact surface has a large area or a complicated shape, it is joined. And surface bonding with low distortion is possible.

  Since only the surface layer of the contact surface is plastically flowed (melted) and joined, the heating time can be shortened, and even in a cast product containing gas in the material, the gas in the material expands due to heating, It is difficult to eject and it is possible to achieve good bonding.

  When the area of the contact surface is set to be substantially the same, the current is suppressed from being concentrated on one of the contact surfaces, and uniform heating is easy. Even if there is a high surface pressure region where current is concentrated on the contact surface, resistance heating is greatly applied in the region, and the oxide film is forcibly peeled off and the pressing force (surface pressure) is increased. ) And vibrations are applied to cause plastic flow and wear, and the current concentration location changes every moment, so that the current flow is dispersed and the contact surface is heated uniformly.

  Next, Modifications 1 to 3 according to Embodiment 1 will be sequentially described.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the first modification according to the first embodiment.

In the first modification, the taper angle θ ₁₀ of the inclined surfaces 12 and 14 of the convex portion of the member 10A to be joined is smaller than the taper angle θ ₂₀ of the inclined surfaces 22 and 24 of the concave portion of the member 20 to be joined. Is set. Accordingly, the corner 16 of the member to be joined 10 and the corner 26 of the member to be joined 20 are interposed via the intermediate member 30 as in the case where the bulging portion 18 is formed at the corner 16 of the member to be joined 10. The first contact (before the contact between the inclined surfaces 12 and 14 of the member 10A to be bonded and the inclined surfaces 22 and 24 of the member 20 to be bonded) causes the stress due to the burr at the tip portion of the corner 16. Since the initial surface pressure of the corner portions 16 and 26 that tend to concentrate increases, the generation of gaps is suppressed, and the bonding strength is improved, so that stable bonding strength can be obtained.

  FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a second modification according to the first embodiment.

  In the second modification, the thickness of the corner portion 36 of the intermediate member 30A is set to be larger than the thickness of the inclined surfaces 32 and 34 of the intermediate member 30A. Therefore, similarly to the case where the bulging portion 18 is formed in the corner portion 16 of the member to be bonded 10, the corner portion 16 of the member to be bonded 10 and the corner portion 26 of the member to be bonded 20 are the corners of the intermediate member 30. First contact (before the contact between the inclined surfaces 12 and 14 of the bonded member 10 and the inclined surfaces 22 and 24 of the bonded member 20 via the inclined surfaces 32 and 34 of the intermediate member 30A) via the portion 36 Therefore, the burr due to the thickening of the corner portion 36 of the intermediate member 30 increases the initial surface pressure of the corner portions 16 and 26 that tend to concentrate stress, thereby suppressing the generation of gaps and improving the bonding strength. It is possible to obtain a stable bonding strength. In particular, wear in the initial stage (first friction) in the preliminary sliding step (S11) is promoted.

  FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a third modification according to the first embodiment. The first electrode 42 is omitted.

  In the third modification, the corner 16 of the convex portion of the member to be bonded 10 is positioned on a line extending in the pressing direction P from the pressing surface of the member to be bonded 10 pressed by the pressure unit 82 of the pressure device. doing. In this case, since the surface pressure can be effectively applied to the corner portions 16 and 26 that tend to concentrate stress, it is possible to improve the bonding strength and obtain a stable bonding strength. In addition, the bulging part is formed in at least one of the inclined surfaces 12 and 14 and the inclined surfaces 22 and 24, and in the joining process, the inclined surfaces 12 and 14 and the inclined surfaces 22 and 24 are first (corner portions of the members to be joined 10). In the case of setting so as to join to 16 and the corner portion 26 of the member 20 to be joined), it is also possible to suppress the generation of abrasion powder (contamination) that generates burrs.

  As described above, in the first embodiment, the priority order for contacting each joining region is set so that the joining regions are uniformly joined, and therefore stable even in a plurality of joining regions that are not on the same plane. It is possible to obtain the obtained bonding strength.

  Further, when the sliding is generated by vibration in one direction and the joining regions of the first and second members to be joined are configured to have a uniform shape that allows the vibration in the one direction, the first and second It is possible to easily join the members to be joined by vibration. When sliding is generated by rotation, the joining regions of the first and second members to be joined need to have a shape that allows the rotation.

  Since the convex part of the first member to be joined and the concave part of the second member to be joined are joined, the convex part of the first member to be joined and the concave part of the second member to be joined Real joints can be formed.

  In the case where the bulging part is formed at the corner of one of the convex part or the concave part, in the joining process, the corner of the convex part and the corner of the concave part first come into contact with each other. The burrs increase the initial surface pressure at the corners where stress tends to concentrate, suppress the generation of gaps, and improve the bonding strength, so that a stable bonding strength can be obtained.

  Even when the taper angle of the inclined surface of the convex part is set to be smaller than the taper angle of the inclined surface of the concave part, the corner of the convex part and the corner of the concave part first contact, and the tip of the corner part Due to the burrs at the sites, the initial surface pressure at the corners where stress tends to concentrate increases, the generation of gaps is suppressed, and the bonding strength is improved, so that stable bonding strength can be obtained.

  Even when the wall thickness at the corner of the intermediate member is set larger than the wall thickness at the inclined surface of the intermediate member, the corner of the convex portion and the corner of the concave portion are connected via the corner of the intermediate member, Since the contact is made first, the thickening burr at the corners of the intermediate member increases the initial surface pressure at the corners where stress tends to concentrate, suppresses the generation of gaps, and improves the bonding strength. It is possible to obtain strength. In particular, it is possible to promote wear at the time of familiarity (first friction) in the initial sliding stage of the preliminary sliding step. Further, since the intermediate member is made of a conductive material having a low melting point and can be bonded at a low temperature, the thermal influence on the members to be bonded is reduced and the bonding becomes easy.

  When the corner portion of the first member to be bonded is located on a line extending in the pressing direction from the pressing surface of the first member to be pressed pressed by the pressing means, the surface pressure is effectively applied to the corner portion where the stress tends to be concentrated. Therefore, it is possible to improve the bonding strength and obtain a stable bonding strength.

  When the intermediate member is disposed above in the direction of gravity with respect to the second member to be joined having the concave portion, the melted intermediate member stays at a corner portion where the stress tends to concentrate in the concave portion of the second member to be joined. Therefore, it is possible to improve the bonding strength and obtain a stable bonding strength. Further, since the intermediate member is made of a conductive material having a low melting point and can be bonded at a low temperature, the thermal influence on the members to be bonded is reduced and the bonding becomes easy.

  Next, a second embodiment will be described.

  FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a bonding method of conductive materials according to the second embodiment. In the following, members having the same functions as those of the first embodiment are denoted by similar reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted to avoid duplication.

  The second embodiment is generally different from the first embodiment in which a solid joint portion is formed in that a hollow joint portion is formed, and the workpiece according to the second embodiment includes a member 110 to be joined located above. And a member 120 to be joined, which has a uniform shape with respect to the direction of vibration, and the extending direction of the contact surface is the horizontal direction H.

  The member to be joined 110 has a cross section L having a base surface 112 that is a first step surface, a tip surface 114 that is a second step surface, and a wall portion 116 that connects the base surface 112 and the tip surface 114. It is the 1st to-be-joined member provided with the character-like step-shaped part. Similarly to the member to be bonded 110, the member to be bonded 120 includes a base surface 122 that is a first step surface, a tip surface 124 that is a second step surface, and a wall that connects the base surface 122 and the tip surface 124. And a second member to be joined having a stepped portion having an L-shaped cross section.

  The portions 112A and 122A of the base surfaces 112 and 122 and the tip surfaces 114 and 124 are joint regions that are not on the same plane, and the portion 112A of the base surface 112 of the member to be joined 110 and the tip of the member 120 to be joined. The front surface 114 of the member to be bonded 110 and a part 122A of the base surface 122 of the member to be bonded 120 can be bonded to each other. That is, it is possible to form a hollow joint by combining the stepped portion of the member to be bonded 110 and the stepped portion of the member to be bonded 120. Further, the front end surface 114 of the member to be bonded 110 is located on a line extending in the pressing direction P from the pressing surface of the member to be bonded 110 pressed by the pressurizing unit 182 of the pressing device.

  The rigidity (thickness) of the wall portions 116 and 126 of the members to be bonded 110 and 120 is substantially the same, and the length of the wall portion 116 of the member to be bonded 110 is longer than the length of the wall portion 126 of the member to be bonded 120. It is set small. Therefore, in the joining process, a part 112A of the base surface 112 of the member to be joined 110 that is separated from the pressing surface and the tip surface 124 of the member to be joined 120 are first (the tip surface 114 of the member to be joined 110 and the surface to be joined). Abutting with a part 122A of the base surface 122 of the joining member 120). This makes it possible to obtain a stable joint strength by increasing the contact area and improving the conforming effect by first wearing a part of the base surface that is difficult to be loaded (separated from the pressing surface). Is possible. In addition, when the to-be-joined members 110 and 120 consist of a dissimilar material, even if rigidity is substantially the same, thickness may differ.

  Next, modified examples 1 to 3 will be described sequentially.

  FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a first modification according to the second embodiment.

  In the first modification, the pressurizing unit 182 of the pressurizing device is disposed on the side of the part 112A of the base surface 112 of the member to be joined 110A, and in the member to be joined 110 pressed by the pressurizing unit 182. A part 112A of the base surface 112 of the member to be bonded 110A is located on a line extending from the pressing surface in the pressing direction P. In addition, the length of the wall portion 116 of the member to be bonded 110 </ b> A is set to be larger than the length of the wall portion 126 of the member to be bonded 120.

  Therefore, in the joining step, the tip surface 114 of the member to be joined 110A that is separated from the pressing surface and the part 122A of the base surface 122 of the member to be joined 120 are first (one of the base surfaces 112 of the member to be joined 110A). Abutting the portion 112A and the front end surface 124 of the member 120 to be joined. As a result, it is possible to obtain a stable joint strength by increasing the contact area and improving the conforming effect by first abrading the tip surface that is difficult to apply a load (separated from the pressing surface). is there.

  FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a second modification according to the second embodiment.

  In the second modification, the rigidity of the wall portion 116 of the member to be bonded 110B is different from the rigidity of the wall portion 126 of the member to be bonded 120, and the rigidity of the wall portion 116 of the member to be bonded 110B is different from the rigidity of the member to be bonded 120. The wall portion 126 is set to be smaller than the rigidity of the wall portion 126.

  In this case, the pressurizing unit 182 of the pressurizing device is disposed on the wall 116 side of the member to be joined 110B, and the tip end surface 114 is positioned on a line extending in the pressing direction P from the pressing surface of the member to be joined 110B. Set to Thereby, compared with the wall part 126 of the member 120 to be joined, since the wall part 116 of the to-be-joined member 110B with small rigidity is located on the line extended in the pressing direction P from the pressing surface, it suppresses uneven distribution of an electric current. Therefore, it is possible to bond uniformly and obtain a stable bonding strength.

  FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a third modification according to the second embodiment.

  In the third modification, the rigidity of the wall portion 126 of the member to be bonded 120 </ b> A is set smaller than the rigidity of the wall portion 116 of the member to be bonded 110. In this case, the pressurizing unit 182 of the pressurizing apparatus is disposed on the part 112A side of the base surface 112 of the member to be bonded 110B, and the base surface 112 is on a line extending in the pressing direction P from the pressing surface of the member to be bonded 110B. Is set so that a part 112A of the Thereby, compared with the wall part 116 of the to-be-joined member 110, since the wall part 126 of the to-be-joined member 120A with a small rigidity is located on the line extended in the pressing direction P from the press surface, it suppresses uneven distribution of an electric current. Therefore, it is possible to bond uniformly and obtain a stable bonding strength.

  As described above, in the second embodiment, it is possible to form a hollow joint portion by combining the stepped portion of the first member to be joined and the stepped portion of the second member to be joined.

  Moreover, when the front end surface of a 1st to-be-joined member is located on the line extended in the pressing direction from the pressing surface in a 1st to-be-joined member, in a joining process, the 1st to-be-joined part spaced apart from the pressing surface A part of the base surface of the member and the tip surface of the second member to be joined are set so as to contact each other first, while a part of the base surface of the first member to be joined is in the first member to be joined. When located on a line extending in the pressing direction from the pressing surface, in the bonding step, the tip surface of the first bonded member spaced from the pressing surface and a part of the base surface of the second bonded member However, it is stable by increasing the contact area and improving the conforming effect by first setting the contact so that it is difficult to apply a load (separate from the pressing surface). It is possible to obtain the obtained bonding strength.

  When the rigidity of the wall portion of the first bonded member is smaller than the rigidity of the wall portion of the second bonded portion, the tip of the first bonded member is on a line extending in the pressing direction from the pressing surface of the first bonded member. When the surface is disposed and the rigidity of the wall portion of the first member to be bonded is larger than the rigidity of the wall portion of the second member to be bonded, the first member extends on the line extending in the pressing direction from the pressing surface of the first member to be bonded. By setting so that a part of the base surface of the member to be joined is arranged, the smaller rigidity in the wall portion of the first and second members to be joined is located on a line extending in the pressing direction from the pressing surface. In other words, since uneven distribution of current is suppressed, it is possible to perform uniform bonding and obtain stable bonding strength.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the claims. For example, in the first embodiment and the first and third modifications of the first embodiment, the intermediate member can be omitted as appropriate. Further, in the second embodiment and the first to third modifications of the second embodiment, the intermediate member can be appropriately disposed between the members to be joined.

10, 10A member to be joined (first member to be joined),
12, 14 inclined surface (joining region),
16 corner (joining area),
18 bulge site (joining area),
20 member to be joined (first member to be joined),
22, 24 Inclined surface (joining region),
26 Corner (joining area),
30, 30A intermediate member,
32, 34 inclined surface (joining region),
36 corner (joining area),
40 joining device,
42 first electrode,
44 second electrode,
50 current supply device,
60 holding device,
62 movable holding part,
64 fixed holding part,
70 sliding device,
72 shaft,
74 motor,
80 pressure device,
82 pressurizing part,
84 support structure,
90 control device,
110, 110A, 110B Joined member (first joined member),
112 base surface,
112A A part of the base surface (joining region),
114 Tip surface (joining region),
116 walls,
120, 120A member to be joined (second member to be joined),
122 base surface,
122A A part of the base surface (joining region),
124 tip surface (joining region),
126 walls,
182 pressure part,
H horizontal direction,
L vertical direction,
P pressing direction,
θ ₁₀ taper angle,
θ ₂₀ taper angle.

Claims (10)

A joining method for joining first and second joined members made of a conductive material and having a plurality of joining regions not on the same plane,
While the first and second members to be joined are brought into contact with each other and the first and second members to be joined are relatively slid, current is passed from the first member to be joined to the second member to be joined. A joining step of joining the first and second joined members by flowing to the joining member and resistance heating;
In the joining step, a priority order to contact each joining region is set so that the joining regions are uniformly joined,
The sliding is generated by unidirectional vibration,
The joining region of the first and second joined members has a shape that allows vibration in the one direction;
The first member to be joined has a convex portion included in the joining region,
The second member to be joined has a concave part corresponding to the convex part and included in the joining region,
In the joining step, the convex portion of the first member to be joined and the concave portion of the second member to be joined are joined . A joining method for joining first and second joined members made of a conductive material and having a plurality of joining regions not on the same plane,
While the first and second members to be joined are brought into contact with each other and the first and second members to be joined are relatively slid, current is passed from the first member to be joined to the second member to be joined. A joining step of joining the first and second joined members by flowing to the joining member and resistance heating;
In the joining step, a priority order to contact each joining region is set so that the joining regions are uniformly joined,
The sliding is generated by unidirectional vibration,
The joining region of the first and second joined members has a shape that allows vibration in the one direction;
The first member to be joined includes a base surface that is a first step surface, a tip surface that is a second step surface, and a wall portion that connects the base surface and the tip surface. The bonding region of the first member to be bonded includes a part of the base surface and the tip surface,
The second member to be joined has a stepped portion having a base surface that is a first step surface, a tip surface that is a second step surface, and a wall portion that connects the base surface and the tip surface. And the joining region of the second joined member includes a part of the base surface and the tip surface,
In the joining step, a part of the base surface of the first member to be joined and the tip surface of the second member to be joined are joined, and the tip surface of the first member to be joined and the first 2 A part of the first base surface of the member to be joined is joined.
The joining method characterized by the above-mentioned. The convex part of the first member to be joined has a tapered cross section with respect to the direction of vibration, and has a pair of inclined surfaces and a corner portion connecting the inclined surfaces,
The concave portion of the second member to be joined is a depression having a tapered cross section with respect to the direction of vibration, and has a pair of inclined surfaces and corner portions corresponding to the inclined surfaces and the corner portions. The joining method according to claim 1 . A bulging portion is formed at the corner in at least one of the convex portion or the concave portion,
In the joining step, the contact between the corner portion of the convex portion and the corner portion of the concave portion is before the contact between the inclined surface of the convex portion and the inclined surface of the concave portion. It is these. The joining method of Claim 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. The taper angle of the convex part is smaller than the taper angle of the concave part,
In the joining step, the contact between the corner portion of the convex portion and the corner portion of the concave portion is before the contact between the inclined surface of the convex portion and the inclined surface of the concave portion. It is these. The joining method of Claim 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. An intermediate member made of a conductive material having a melting point lower than that of the conductive material constituting at least one of the first and second bonded members is disposed between the first and second bonded members,
The intermediate member has a pair of inclined surfaces and corners corresponding to the inclined surfaces and the corners of the convex portion of the first joined member,
The wall thickness at the corner of the intermediate member is greater than the wall thickness at the inclined surface of the intermediate member,
In the joining step, the contact of the corner portion of the convex portion through the corner portion of the intermediate member and the corner portion of the concave portion is caused by the contact of the convex portion through the inclined surface of the intermediate member. The joining method according to claim 3 , which is before the contact between the inclined surface and the inclined surface of the concave portion. The first bonded member is pressed against the second bonded member by a pressing means,
The said corner | angular part of the said convex-shaped part is located on the line extended in the pressing direction from the pressing surface in a said 1st to-be-joined member. The joining method of Claim 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. An intermediate member made of a conductive material having a melting point lower than that of the conductive material constituting at least one of the first and second bonded members is disposed between the first and second bonded members,
The intermediate member has a pair of inclined surfaces and corners corresponding to the inclined surfaces and the corners of the convex portion, and is disposed above in the direction of gravity with respect to the second joined member. The joining method according to claim 3 . The first bonded member is pressed against the second bonded member by a pressing means,
When the front end surface of the first member to be bonded is located on a line extending in the pressing direction from the pressing surface of the first member to be bonded, the first member that is separated from the pressing surface in the bonding step. The contact between the part of the base surface of the 1-to-be-joined member and the tip surface of the 2nd to-be-joined member is such that It is before contact with a part,
When a part of the base surface of the first member to be bonded is located on a line extending in the pressing direction from the pressing surface of the first member to be bonded, in the bonding step, the base surface is separated from the pressing surface. The contact between the tip surface of the first member to be bonded and the part of the base surface of the second member to be bonded is a part of the base surface of the first member to be bonded to the second member to be bonded. The joining method according to claim 2 , wherein the joining method is before contact with the tip surface of the member. The first bonded member is pressed against the second bonded member by a pressing means,
The rigidity of the wall portion of the first bonded member is different from the rigidity of the wall portion of the second bonded portion,
When the rigidity of the wall part of the first member to be joined is smaller than the rigidity of the wall part of the second member to be joined, the first member to be joined is formed on a line extending in the pressing direction from the pressing surface of the first member to be joined. 1 the front end surface of the member to be joined is disposed;
When the rigidity of the wall portion of the first member to be bonded is larger than the rigidity of the wall portion of the second member to be bonded, the first member is joined to a line extending in the pressing direction from the pressing surface of the first member to be bonded. The joining method according to claim 2 , wherein a part of the base surface of one member to be joined is disposed.

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