JP5774596B2 - 外科的介入のための臨床上重要な解剖学的標識点の視覚的追跡/アノテーション - Google Patents
外科的介入のための臨床上重要な解剖学的標識点の視覚的追跡/アノテーション Download PDFInfo
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Description
本願は、2009年10月30日に出願された米国特許仮出願第61/256,531号の優先権を主張するものであり、その内容を参照により本明細書に組み込む。
1.アノテーションが、画像ストリーム(ビデオ)にわたって解剖学的構造に対して取得される。発明者らは、解剖学的構造(すなわち臓器)上の位置に、センサストリームデータでアノテートする。
2.「情報融合」:センサデータは、ビデオまたは空間的に追跡されるポーズシーケンスにわたって、解剖学的構造に対して相関することができる時系列データである。関心領域の上を移動するセンサ位置を追跡することができ、この時間同期された器具位置を、器具センサデータストリームと組み合わせ、ビデオシーケンスにわたって画像を作成することができる。たとえば、Aスキャンは、Bスキャンおよび/またはMスキャンデータに変換される。
3.アノテーションの見直しは、ユーザがアノテーションと対話することを必要とすることができる。単純な対話は、「アクティブな」アノテーションを、追跡される器具または他の入力(音声、ペダルなど)でポイントすることによって選択することを必要とすることができる。より複雑な対話は、器具がアノテーションそれ自体内のどこにあるか示すことができる。
4.センサストリームを、複数のビデオ画像シーケンスにわたって相関することができる。
− 外科医がOCTプローブを注目領域近くに移動する。
− フットペダルが押されている間(または音声コマンド始動)、外科医は、プローブを注目領域にわたって掃引する。
− スキャンの位置が、視覚的および/または外部器具追跡を介して、組織に対して追跡され、ビデオフィードに投影される。時間同期されたセンサデータストリームがこの経路に関連付けられる。
− この点から、タグ付けされた解剖学的領域が追跡され、それに応じてアノテートされる。
− 外科医は、別のスキャンを作成すること、または既存のスキャンを再調査することを選ぶことができる。
− 外科医は、声で「スキャン3番」を見直すことを要求することも、外科器具でその上をホバリングすることもできる。
Claims (25)
- 外科的介入のための視覚的追跡/アノテーションシステムであって、
注目の手術領域の1つ又は複数の画像ストリームおよび前記注目の手術領域に近接する外科器具の1つ又は複数の画像ストリームを取得し、取得された画像をユーザに対して表示するように配置された画像取得表示システムと、
前記画像ストリームを処理することに基づいて前記外科器具を前記注目の手術領域に対して追跡するように構成された追跡システムと、
前記画像取得表示システムおよび前記追跡システムと通信するデータ記憶システムと、
前記データ記憶システム、前記画像取得表示システム、および前記追跡システムと通信するデータ処理システムと
を具え、
前記データ処理システムが、前記ユーザからの入力信号に応答して、前記外科的介入の間じゅう前記ユーザに対して表示される画像にアノテートするように構成され、
前記アノテートされる画像は、少なくとも1つの対応する解剖学的標識点の位置に対して登録されていることを特徴とするシステム。 - 前記データ処理システムと通信し、前記入力信号を提供するユーザ入力デバイスをさらに具えたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の視覚的追跡/アノテーションシステム。
- 前記入力デバイスは、ペダル、キーパッド、マイクロフォン、視標追跡システム、スイッチ、または外科器具を含むことを特徴とする請求項2記載の視覚的追跡/アノテーションシステム。
- 前記データ処理システムは、前記注目の手術領域に対する前記外科器具の位置または形跡の少なくとも1つを含めるように、前記ユーザに対して表示される画像にアノテートするように構成されたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の視覚的追跡/アノテーションシステム。
- 前記データ処理システムは、前記ユーザに対して表示される画像にアノテートし、後で取り出すためにアノテーションを記憶させ、前記外科器具の位置に対応する、前記データ記憶システムから取り出された情報を表示させるように構成されたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の視覚的追跡/アノテーションシステム。
- 前記追跡システムによって追跡するのに適した外科器具をさらに具えたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の視覚的追跡/アノテーションシステム。
- 前記外科器具は、前記注目の手術領域の局所的な部分に関するデータを収集するように構成および配置されたセンサシステムを具え、
前記外科器具は、前記外科器具によって取得されたデータを、後で取り出すために保存することができるように、前記データ記憶システムと通信することを特徴とする請求項6記載の視覚的追跡/アノテーションシステム。 - 前記センサシステムは、光センサシステム、超音波センサシステム、または力覚システムのうちの少なくとも1つであることを特徴とする請求項7記載の視覚的追跡/アノテーションシステム。
- 前記センサシステムは、光干渉断層法システムであることを特徴とする請求項7記載の視覚的追跡/アノテーションシステム。
- 前記外科器具は、
近位端および遠位端を有する手術器具と、
少なくとも一部分が手術器具に取り付けられた光センサと
を具え、
前記手術器具が、前記手術器具の基準部分を提供するのに適した一部分を有し、
前記光センサが、前記手術器具の前記基準部分に対して固定された端部を有し、その結果、使用中に前記手術器具の前記遠位端に近接する、または前記遠位端と接触する組織と共に前記手術器具の前記基準部分を検出することができることを特徴とする請求項6記載の視覚的追跡/アノテーションシステム。 - 前記光センサは、ビジュアルイメージングシステムを含むことを特徴とする請求項10記載の視覚的追跡/アノテーションシステム。
- 前記ビジュアルイメージングシステムは、光ファイバを具え、前記ビジュアルイメージングシステムは、前記手術器具の前記基準部分と、前記手術器具の前記遠位端に近接する又は前記遠位端と接触する前記組織とを同時に撮像するように構成されていることを特徴とする請求項11記載の視覚的追跡/アノテーションシステム。
- 前記光センサは、光干渉断層法システムを含むことを特徴とする請求項10記載の視覚的追跡/アノテーションシステム。
- 前記光干渉断層法システムは、前記光センサの前記固定された端部を提供する光ファイバを備え、前記光ファイバは、前記手術器具の前記基準部分と、前記手術器具の前記遠位端に近接する又は前記遠位端と接触する前記組織とに向けて光を送り、前記手術器具の前記基準部分および前記組織から反射されて戻る光を検出し、前記組織の選択された部分に対する前記手術器具の前記遠位端の相対距離に関する情報を提供するように配置されたことを特徴とする請求項13記載の視覚的追跡/アノテーションシステム。
- 前記手術器具は、眼の手術で使用するのに適したピックであることを特徴とする請求項14記載の視覚的追跡/アノテーションシステム。
- 前記手術器具は、ピック、鉗子、ナイフ、光配信デバイス、はさみ、注射器、または硝子体切除器具のうちの少なくとも1つであることを特徴とする請求項14記載の視覚的追跡/アノテーションシステム。
- 前記手術器具の前記遠位端は、手で手術を行うために外科医によって保持されるように適合されていることを特徴とする請求項15記載の視覚的追跡/アノテーションシステム。
- 前記手術器具の前記遠位端は、ロボット手術またはロボットによって補助される手術のうちの少なくとも1つのためにロボットシステムに取り付けられるように適合されていることを特徴とする請求項15記載の視覚的追跡/アノテーションシステム。
- 外科的介入のための視覚的追跡/アノテーション方法であって、
注目の手術領域の画像ストリームおよび前記注目の手術領域に近接する外科器具の画像ストリームを取得するステップと、
前記画像ストリームを処理することに基づいて前記外科器具を前記注目の手術領域に対して追跡するステップと、
ユーザに対して前記注目の手術領域および前記外科器具を表示するステップと
を具え、
前記表示するステップは、前記ユーザからの入力信号に応答して、1つ又は複数の表示された画像に追加されるアノテーションを含み、
前記アノテーションは、少なくとも1つの対応する解剖学的標識点の位置に対して登録されていることを特徴とする方法。 - 前記アノテーションは、前記外科器具の位置または形跡の少なくとも1つを含むことを特徴とする請求項19記載の視覚的追跡/アノテーション方法。
- 前記アノテーションは、前記外科器具の位置に対応する、データ記憶システムから取り出された情報を含むことを特徴とする請求項19記載の視覚的追跡/アノテーション方法。
- 外科的介入のための視覚的追跡/アノテーションのためのソフトウェアの非一時記憶を含むコンピュータ可読媒体であって、前記ソフトウェアは、コンピュータシステムによって実行されたとき、
注目の手術領域の画像ストリームおよび前記注目の手術領域に近接する外科器具の画像ストリームを処理し、前記注目の手術領域の画像および前記外科器具の画像を提供することと、
前記画像ストリームを処理し、前記画像ストリームを処理することに基づいて前記外科器具を前記注目の手術領域に対して追跡することと、
前記画像ストリームおよびユーザからの入力信号を処理し、前記外科的介入の間じゅう前記画像にアノテートすることと、
前記注目の手術領域および前記外科器具の画像を前記アノテーションと共に表示することとを具え、
前記アノテーションは、少なくとも1つの対応する解剖学的標識点の位置に対して登録されていることを特徴とするコンピュータ可読媒体。 - 前記アノテーションは、前記外科器具の位置または形跡の少なくとも1つを含むことを
特徴とする請求項22記載のコンピュータ可読媒体。 - 前記アノテーションは、前記外科器具の位置に対応する、データ記憶システムから取り出された情報を含むことを特徴とする請求項22記載のコンピュータ可読媒体。
- 前記アノテーションは、前記外科器具の位置に対応する、データ記憶システムから取り出された情報を含むことを特徴とする請求項6記載の視覚的追跡/アノテーションシステム。
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