JP5756290B2 - 大環状化合物および治療方法 - Google Patents
大環状化合物および治療方法 Download PDFInfo
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- A61K31/41—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with two or more ring hetero atoms, at least one of which being nitrogen, e.g. tetrazole
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Description
本願は、2007年9月9日出願の米国仮特許出願第60/970,986号、2008年1月3日出願の同第61/009,903号、2008年2月24日出願の同第61/030,993号、2008年4月24日出願の同第61/125,542号、及び2008年8月15日出願の同第61/189,093号(この出願番号はまだ割り当てられていない)の利益を主張するものであり、これら出願の全教示内容は、参照することで本明細書に組み入れられる。
本研究は、部分的に米国商務省NOAA海洋大気圏局、助成金番号:NA06OAR4170014の支援を受けた。米国政府は、本発明に一定の権利を有する。
各Rは独立して、Hまたは置換基を有していてもよいアルキルであり;
各R1は独立して、Hまたは置換基を有していてもよいアルキルであり;
各R2は独立して、H、置換基を有していてもよいアルキル、またはC(O)Rであり;
各R3は独立して、H、置換基を有していてもよいアルキル、C(O)OR、またはC(O)NRRであり;
各R4は独立して、H、置換基を有していてもよいアルキル、C(O)OR、またはC(O)NRRであり;
およびその薬学的に許容される塩、溶媒和物、または水和物を提供する。
本発明をより容易に理解できるようにするために、特定の用語を最初に定義し、便宜上ここにまとめる。
Symploca sp.の試料は、フロリダキーズ、キーラーゴから集め、有機溶媒で抽出した。溶媒分配、シリカゲルクロマトグラフィー、および逆相HPLCにより、得られた細胞毒性の粗抽出物にバイオアッセイ誘導分画を施し、無色の非晶質固体としてラルガゾール(1)を得た{[α]20 D+22(c0.1、MeOH)}。
本発明は、大環状化合物と、本明細書に記載の該化合物およびその組成物を用いた疾病および疾患の治療方法とに関する。
一態様では、本発明は、式Iの化合物と、薬学的に許容される担体とを含む医薬組成物を提供する。
特定の実施例を用いて本発明について説明するが、本発明を限定するものとみなすべきではない。
1Hおよび13CのNMRデータは、それぞれ、600MHzと150MHzで動作する5mmプローブを備えたBruker Avance 600MHzスペクトロメータで取得した。2D NMRデータは、内標準として残渣溶媒シグナル(δH 7.26ppm、δC 77.0ppm)を用いて、1mm三重共鳴高温超電導低温プローブを備えたBruker Avance II 600MHz上で記録した。HSQC実験は1JCH=145Hzに対して最適化し、HMBC実験はnJCH=7または3.5Hzに対して最適化した。ESI(正モード)により、ThermoFinnigan LCQを備えたAgilent 1100を用いてLC−MSデータを入手した。ESI/APCIマルチモードイオン源検出器を備えたAgilent LC−TOF質量分析計を用いてHRMSデータを入手した。ResCom(DSM Pharma Chemicals)によって提供された(R)−および(S)−2−メチルシステイン(下記参照)を酸化させることで、2−メチルシステイン酸の鏡像異性体標準物を得た。バリン、グリシン、およびリンゴ酸の標準物はSigmaから入手した。パクリタキセル、アクチノマイシンD、およびドキソルビシンはEMD Chemicals,Incから入手した。
Symploca sp.の試料は、2003年8月にPillars、キーラーゴ(フロリダキーズ、USA)から集めた。試験体は、この属と一致した直立の、琥珀色の、羽毛状のフィラメントを有していた。測定したフィラメントは、微細な鞘を含む、幅が5〜6μm、長さが8〜9μmであった。Symploca sp.をフリーズドライし、MeOH−EtOAc(1:1)で抽出した。得られた親油性抽出物(0.29g)をヘキサンと20%MeOH水溶液との間に分画した。MeOH水層を濃縮し、増量したi−PrOHとそれに続いてMeOHとを含むCH2Cl2を用いたシリカゲルクロマトグラフィーにより分画した。MeOH−H2O直線勾配(40〜100%で75分間、その後、100% MeOHで10分間)を用いて、5% i−PrOHで溶離した画分に逆相HPLC(YMC−pack ODS−AQ、250×10mm、2.0mL/分;220nmおよび254nmで検出)を行った。化合物1はtR61.5分で溶離した(1.2mg)。
MS範囲(tR51.1分、m/z623)の最も強力なイオンの(+)ESI−MS(m/z200〜1600)のみならず、m/z623[M+H]+イオンのMS/MSおよび依存性MS/MS/MSについても行った(図1を参照)。
(R)−2−メチルシステイン(5.0mg)の試料をH2O2−HCO2H(1:9)の混合物2mLで0℃にて2時間処理した。生成物混合物を濃縮し、蒸発により乾燥させ、(R)−2−メチルシステイン酸を得た。次いで、残渣を250μLのH2O中で再構成し、キラルHPLCによりアミノ酸分析を行った。同様に、(S)−2−メチルシステインを反応させ、(S)−2−メチルシステイン酸を得た。
化合物1(〜100μg)の試料を4mLのCH2Cl2に溶解させ、室温で30分間オゾン分解を行った。溶媒を蒸発させ、残渣を0.6mLのH2O2−HCO2H(1:2)で70℃にて20分間処理した。溶媒を蒸発させ、得られた酸化生成物を0.5mLの6N HClで110℃にて24時間加水分解した。加水分解生成物を乾燥させ、キラルHPLC(カラム、Phenomenex Chirex相3126 N,S−ジオクチル−(D)−ペニシラミン、4.60×250mm、5μm;溶媒1、H2O/MeCN(95:5)中の2mM CuSO4、pH4.50;溶媒2、H20/MeCN(85:15)中の0.5mM Cu(OAc)2/0.1M NH4OAc、pH4.6;流量1.0mL/分;254nmで検出)により分析した。水解物中のアミノ酸の絶対配置は、正基準の滞留時間と直接比較して決定した。溶媒1の滞留時間(tR、分)は以下の通りであった:Gly(5.3)、L−Val(12.6)、D−Val(16.4)、(S)−2−Me−システイン酸(20.0)、および(R)−2−Me−システイン酸(23.9)。水解物成分の滞留時間(tR、分)は、5.3、12.6、23.9であり、生成物混合物中にGly、L−Val、および(R)−2−Me−システイン酸が存在することを示した。溶媒2を用いてリンゴ酸を検出した。標準となるL−リンゴ酸をtR7.6分で溶離し、D−リンゴ酸をtR20.4分で溶離した。水解物内のリンゴ酸は7.6分後に溶離し、L異性体が存在することを示した。Gly、L−Val、および(R)−2−Me−システイン酸は、それぞれ、4.0分、5.8分、および6.5分後に溶離した。
細胞培地はInvitrogenから購入し、胎仔ウシ血清(FBS)はHycloneから購入した。細胞を増殖させ、10%FBSで補充したDMEM培地(高グルコース)で37℃の加湿空気および5%CO2にて維持した。
10%FBSを含むDMEMに懸濁させた細胞を96ウエルプレートに載置し(MDA−MB−231:12,000細胞;NMuMG:5,000細胞;U2OS:5,000細胞;HT29:10,000細胞;IMR−32:30,000細胞;NIH3T3:5,000細胞)、インキュベートし(37℃、5%CO2)、24時間後に種々の濃度の化合物1または溶媒対照(1%EtOH)で処理した。さらに48時間のインキュベーションの後、取扱説明書(Promega)に従ってMTTを用いて細胞生死判別を測定した。
MDA−MB−231細胞およびNMuMG細胞についても同様に、パクリタキセル(DMSO中)、アクチノマイシンD(DMSO中)、およびドキソルビシン(H2O中)、ならびに対応する溶媒対照(1%)で処理した。GI50およびLC50値を前述のように算出した(K.D.Paull,E.Hamel,L.Malspeis,In Cancer Chemotherapeutic Agents,W.E.Foye,Ed.,American Chemical Society,Washington,DC,1995,pp.10−11)。
−GI50:濃度、ここで、100×(T−T0)/(C−T0)=50;
−LC50:濃度、ここで、100×(T−T0)/T0=−50
[T=処理ウエルの吸光度(48時間);T0=時間0での吸光度;C=対照ウエルの吸光度(48時間)]
ラルガゾール(1)は、用量依存的に、浸潤性の高い形質転換ヒト乳房上皮細胞(MDA−MB−231)の増殖を強力に阻害し(GI50 8nM)、MTTアッセイに基づいて、より高濃度で細胞毒性を誘発した(LC50 117nM)。これに対し、非形質転換マウス乳房上皮細胞(NMuMG)は、化合物1(GI50 122nM、LC50 272nM)に著しく影響を受け難かった。同様に、線維芽細胞性骨肉腫U2OS細胞は、GI50が55nM、LC50が94nMとラルガゾール(1)に非常に影響を受け易かったが、1による治療時の非形質転換線維芽細胞NIH3T3の生存度については、明確な毒性がなく、障害が著しく少なかった(GI50 480nM)。形質転換および非形質転換の線維芽細胞または上皮細胞間の増殖阻害活性が、それぞれ、8〜15倍異なっていることと、非形質転換線維芽細胞死と形質転換線維芽細胞死との選択性とにより、癌細胞が1によって優先的に標的にされていることを示唆している。大腸(HT29)および神経芽細胞腫(IMR−32)由来の癌細胞株の増殖についても、細胞毒性(両細胞株に対してLC50 22nM)を伴い、1によって強力に阻害された(GI50値は、それぞれ、12nM、16nM)。
この仮説を試験するため、HCT−116細胞でラルガゾールによる治療時にHDAC細胞活性を確認し、高いHDAC内因活性を有することが分かった。細胞透過性の蛍光性のHDAC人工基質(fluor de Lys(登録商標)、BIOMOL)とラルガゾール(1)とを共インキュベートし、8時間のラルガゾール治療によってHDAC活性が用量依存的に低下した(図2A)ことを確認した。重要なことは、HDAC阻害のIC50がこの細胞株のラルガゾールのGI50と密接に対応していることであった(図2A、表4)。この相関により、HDACがラルガゾールの増殖抑制作用に関与する関連標的であることが示唆された。確認のための、内因性HDAC基質、アセチル化ヒストンH3のイムノブロット解析も同様の用量反応関係を示した(図2B)。
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本明細書に引用した全ての引例(参照文献、発行済み特許、公開特許出願、および同時係属特許出願)の内容は、参照によってそれらの内容全体を本明細書に明確に引用したものとする。
当業者であれば、本明細書に具体的に記載されている本発明の具体的な実施形態に対する多くの均等物を、通常のルーチン実験以上のことをすることなく、認識し、確認することができるであろう。かかる均等物も、本特許請求の範囲に含まれるものとする。
Claims (31)
- R3およびR4がHである請求項1に記載の化合物。
- 前記化合物がラルガゾールである請求項1に記載の化合物。
- R2がアルキルである請求項1に記載の化合物。
- R2がアルキルC(O)−である請求項5に記載の化合物。
- a)請求項1に記載の化合物と、b)薬学的に許容される担体とを含む医薬組成物。
- 前記化合物が、請求項3に記載の化合物のいずれかである、請求項7に記載の医薬組成物。
- 追加治療薬をさらに含む請求項8に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記追加治療薬が、抗癌剤、化学療法剤、抗血管形成剤、細胞毒性剤、または抗増殖剤である請求項9に記載の医薬組成物。
- 細胞増殖疾患を患っているまたは前記疾患に罹り易い対象に前記化合物を投与するための説明書と共に、単位投与剤形で有効量の請求項1の化合物を含むキット。
- 対象において細胞増殖を阻害する量で、請求項1に記載の式Iの化合物を含む、組成物。
- 前記細胞が癌細胞である請求項12に記載の組成物。
- 前記細胞が腫瘍細胞である請求項12に記載の組成物。
- 細胞増殖関連疾患または疾病に対する治療が必要であると見なされた、細胞増殖関連疾患または疾病を患っているまたは該疾患に罹り易い対象を治療するための、請求項3に記載の化合物のいずれかの有効量を含む組成物。
- 前記疾患が、癌、固形腫瘍、大腸癌、乳癌、骨癌、脳腫瘍、骨肉腫、神経芽細胞腫、または結腸腺癌である請求項15に記載の組成物。
- 前記疾患が血管形成疾患である請求項15に記載の組成物。
- 前記疾患が固形腫瘍である請求項15に記載の組成物。
- 前記対象が哺乳類である請求項12または請求項15に記載の組成物。
- 前記対象が霊長類またはヒトである請求項12または請求項15に記載の組成物。
- 式Iの前記化合物の有効量が、0.005μg/kg〜200mg/kgの範囲である請求項12に記載の組成物。
- 式Iの前記化合物の有効量が、0.1mg/kg〜200mg/kgの範囲である請求項21に記載の組成物。
- 式Iの前記化合物の有効量が、10mg/kg〜100mg/kgの範囲である請求項22に記載の組成物。
- 式Iの前記化合物の有効量が、1.0pM〜500nMの範囲である請求項12に記載の組成物。
- 式Iの前記化合物を静脈内、筋肉内、皮下、脳室内、経口、または局所に投与することを特徴とする請求項12に記載の組成物。
- 式Iの前記化合物を単独または1つ以上の他の追加治療薬と併用して投与することを特徴とする請求項12に記載の組成物。
- 前記追加治療薬が、抗癌剤、化学療法剤、抗血管形成剤、細胞毒性剤、または抗増殖剤である請求項26に記載の組成物。
- 癌または腫瘍の治療のための、有効量の請求項3に記載の化合物のいずれかまたはその薬学的に許容される塩を含む組成物。
- それを必要とする対象における、癌、固形腫瘍、大腸癌、乳癌、骨癌、脳腫瘍、骨肉腫、神経芽細胞腫、結腸腺癌、脊髄性筋萎縮症(SMA)、運動ニューロン疾患、ハンチントン舞踏病、狼瘡、関節リウマチ、または多発硬化症(MS)の治療のための、有効量の請求項3に記載の化合物のいずれか、またはその薬学的に許容される塩。
- それを必要とする対象における、皮膚T細胞リンパ腫の治療のための、有効量の請求項3に記載の化合物のいずれか、またはその薬学的に許容される塩。
- それを必要とする対象において、記憶喪失を治療する、神経形成を誘発する、記憶保持を高める、記憶形成を高める、シナプス電位またはシナプス伝達を増加させる、あるいは長期増強(LTP)を増加させるための、有効量の請求項3に記載の化合物のいずれか、またはその薬学的に許容される塩。
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US10421778B2 (en) | 2015-05-05 | 2019-09-24 | Washington University | Isoform-selective lysine deacetylase inhibitors |
US10154997B2 (en) | 2015-08-04 | 2018-12-18 | Washington University | Treatment of parasitic diseases using KDAC inhibitor compounds |
CN110755425B (zh) * | 2018-07-26 | 2022-06-24 | 中国农业大学 | Largazole在制备治疗由Msi1基因异位过表达引起疾病的药物中的应用 |
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WO2009032352A1 (en) | 2009-03-12 |
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