JP5750710B2 - 癌マーカー、それを用いた癌の評価方法および評価試薬 - Google Patents
癌マーカー、それを用いた癌の評価方法および評価試薬 Download PDFInfo
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Description
生体試料における本発明の癌マーカーの発現レベルを測定する工程と、
前記生体試料における前記補正マーカーの発現量を測定する工程と、
前記癌マーカーの発現量と前記補正マーカーの発現量との比を、前記生体試料における前記癌マーカーの補正した発現レベルとする補正工程とを含むことを特徴とする。
本発明の癌マーカーは、前述のように、hsa−miR−92およびhsa−miR−494の少なくとも一方のmiRNAを含むことを特徴とする、乳癌を除く癌のマーカーである。
hsa−miR−92a(配列番号1)
5’−uauugcacuugucccggccugu−3’
hsa−miR−494(配列番号2)
5’−ugaaacauacacgggaaaccuc−3’
Wu H.etal.,2007,PLoS ONE 2(10):e1020 miRNA profiling of naive,effector and memory CD8 T cells.
Pablo Landgraf et al.,2007,Cell,v129,1401−1414 A Mammalian microRNA Expression Atlas Based on Small RNA Library Sequencing.
Neilson et al.,2007,Genes Dev,v21,578−589 Dynamic regulation of miRNA expression in order to stage of cellular development.
Ruby et al.,2006,Cell,v127,1193−1207 Large−scale sequencing reveals 21U−RNAs and additional microRNAs and endogeneous siRNAs in C.elegans.
Obernoster et al.,RNA 2006 12:1161−1167 Post−transcriptional regulation of microRNA expression.
Lagos−Quintana et al.,2002,Curr Biol,v12,735−739 Identification of tissue−specific microRNAs from mouse.
本発明の評価方法は、前述のように、生体試料における癌マーカーの発現レベルを検出する癌マーカー検出工程を含み、前記癌マーカーが、本発明の癌マーカーであることを特徴とする、乳癌を除く癌の可能性を評価する評価方法である。
(1)被検者の生体試料における前記癌マーカーの発現レベルを、正常者の生体試料における前記癌マーカーの発現レベルと比較し、前記正常者の発現レベルよりも低い場合に、前記被検者は、前記癌の可能性が高いと決定する。
(2)被検者の生体試料における前記癌マーカーの発現レベルを、正常者の生体試料における前記癌マーカーの発現レベルと比較し、前記正常者の発現レベルよりも相対的に低い程、前記被検者は、前記癌の進行が相対的に進んでいると決定する。
(3)被検者の生体試料における前記癌マーカーの発現レベルを、進行期別の各癌患者の生体試料における前記癌マーカーの発現レベルと比較し、前記被検者は、同程度の発現レベルを示す患者と同じ進行期であると決定する。
hsa−miR−638(配列番号3)
5’−agggaucgcgggcggguggcggccu−3’
本発明の評価試薬は、前述のように、本発明の評価方法に使用するための評価試薬であって、本発明の癌マーカーの検出試薬、すなわち、hsa−miR−92およびhsa−miR−494の少なくとも一方のmiRNAを検出するためのmiRNA検出試薬を含むことを特徴とする。このような評価試薬によれば、本発明の評価方法を簡便に実施できる。
本発明の評価キットは、前述のように、本発明の評価方法に使用するための評価キットであって、hsa−miR−92およびhsa−miR−494の少なくとも一方のmiRNAを検出するmiRNA検出試薬(例えば、本発明の評価試薬)を含むことを特徴とする。このような評価キットによれば、本発明の評価方法を簡便に行うことができる。なお、本発明の評価キットにおいて、本発明の評価試薬は、例えば、前述の通りである。
本発明の補正マーカーは、前述のように、hsa−miR−638を含み、本発明の評価方法において、生体試料における本発明の癌マーカーの発現レベルを補正するためマーカーであることを特徴とする。
本発明の補正方法は、前述のように、本発明の評価方法において、生体試料における本発明の癌マーカーの発現レベルを補正するために、
生体試料における前記本発明の癌マーカーの発現レベルを測定する工程と、
前記生体試料における前記補正マーカーの発現量を測定する工程と、
前記癌マーカーの発現量と前記補正マーカーの発現量との比を、前記生体試料における前記癌マーカーの補正した発現レベルとする補正工程とを含むことを特徴とする。
本発明の補正試薬は、前述のように、hsa−miR−638を検出するmiRNA試薬を含み、本発明の評価方法において、生体試料における本発明の癌マーカーの発現レベルを補正するために使用することを特徴とする。このような補正試薬によれば、本発明の補正方法を簡便に実施できる。
下記表に示す正常者および癌患者より採血し、血清および血漿を含む画分(以下、サンプルという)を分離した。得られた前記サンプルから、商品名Isogen−LS(ニッポンジーン社)を用いて全RNAを抽出し、全RNA濃度を100ng/μLとなるように調製した。そして、全RNAを、仔牛小腸由来アルカリホスファターゼ(商品名Alkaline Phosphatase(Calf intestine)(CIAP)、タカラバイオ社)を用いて脱リン酸化反応を行った後、リガーゼ(商品名T4 RNA Ligase(Cloned)、アンビオン社)を用いて、シアニン色素でラベル化した。なお、これらの操作は、キット(商品名miRNA Labeling Reagent and Hybridization Kit、カタログNo.5190−0408、アジレント・テクノロジー社)を用いて、添付のプロトコールに従って行った。さらに、マイクロアレイスライド(商品名Human miRNA Microarray kit 8×15K V2、カタログNo.G4470B、アジレント・テクノロジー社)を用いて、シアニンラベル化全RNAのハイブリダイゼーションを行い、シグナルを、スキャナー(商品名DNA Microarray Scanner、アジレント・テクノロジー社)を用いてスキャニングした。シグナルの検出には、前記スキャナーに付属のソフトウェア「Feature Extraction 9.5.3 SoftwareおよびAgilent Scan Control Software(ver.7.0)」を用いた。
(A)下記式に示す、癌マーカー発現レベルと補正マーカー発現レベルの比
has−miR−92a/has−miR−638(以下、「92a/638」)
has−miR−494/has−miR−638(以下、「494/638」)
(B)下記式に示す、各被検者の前記比「92a/638」および「494/638」を、それぞれ、さらに正常者(BS63)の比「92a/638」および「494/638」で割った相対値
[被検者92a/638]/[正常者92a/638]
(以下、「92a/638/BS63」)
[被験者494/638]/[正常者494/638]
(以下、[494/638/BS63])
急性骨髄性白血病(AML)患者(n=2)および正常者(n=7)より採血し、15,680m/s2、15分間の遠心により血清および血漿を含む画分(以下、「サンプル」という)を回収した。これらのサンプルを使用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、マイクロアレイ解析により、各サンプル中のmiRNAの発現解析を行った。そして、正常者由来の各サンプルについて、発現した各種miRNAのシグナル値順位(Individual rank_Normal)の決定、正常者由来のサンプル間における、各種miRNAのシグナル値平均順位(Average rank_Normal)の決定を行った。また、サンプル間における各miRNAの発現の変動を確認するため、正常者由来の各サンプルにおける各種miRNAのシグナル値を、前記正常者由来のサンプル間における各種miRNAのシグナル値平均順位で割り、その対数(log10(individual rank_Normal/Average rank_Normal])を求めた(底は10)。
男性39名、女性38名の合計77名の被検者より、前記実施例2と同様にして血漿および血清を含む画分(以下、サンプルという)を回収した。前記被検者のうち、正常者は16名、急性白血病患者は61名であり、前記急性白血病患者のFAB分類は、以下の通りである。
AML M0 2 (3.2%)
AML M1 11(18.0%)
AML M2 19(31.1%)
AML M3 10(16.3%)
AML M4 3 (4.9%)
AML M4E 1 (1.6%)
AML M5 1 (1.6%)
AML M5b 1 (1.6%)
AML M6 1 (1.6%)
AML M7 2 (3.2%)
AML(多血球系異形成を伴うもの) 3 (4.9%)
ALL L2 2 (3.2%)
ALL ph+ 1 (1.6%)
ALL preB 4 (6.5%)
2名の膵臓癌患者について、手術前および手術後に、前記実施例3と同様にして、hsa−miR−92aおよびhsa−miR−638を測定し、蛍光強度比(hsa−miR−92a/hsa−miR−638)を算出した。その結果、手術前の蛍光強度比を1とした場合、手術後の蛍光度比の相対値は、2名の患者それぞれ、2.67および1.40であった。この結果から、膵臓癌を発症している際には、hsa−miR−92aの発現量が低下し、治療後には、hsa−miR−92aの発現量が増加することがわかる。つまり、hsa−miR−92aの発現量によって、膵臓癌を発症しているか否かを判断することができるといえる。
Claims (10)
- 生体試料における癌マーカーの発現レベルを検出する癌マーカー検出工程と、
前記生体試料における補正マーカーの発現レベルを検出する補正マーカー検出工程と、
前記生体試料における、前記生体試料における癌マーカーの発現量と前記生体試料における補正マーカーの発現量との比(癌マーカーの発現量/補正マーカーの発現量)で表される前記癌マーカーの補正した発現レベルから、下記(1)、(2)および(3)からなる群から選択された少なくとも一つの方法により、癌の可能性を決定する工程とを含み、
前記生体試料が、血漿または血清であり、
前記癌マーカーが、血漿中または血清中のhsa−miR−92およびhsa−miR−494の少なくとも一方のmiRNAであり、
前記補正マーカーが、hsa−miR−638であることを特徴とする、乳癌を除く癌の可能性を評価する評価方法(ただし、医師の判断工程を含む方法は除く)。
(1)被検者の生体試料における前記癌マーカーの補正した発現レベルを、正常者の生体試料における前記癌マーカーの補正した発現レベルと比較し、前記正常者の補正した発現レベルよりも低い場合に、前記被検者は、前記癌の可能性が高いと決定する。
(2)被検者の生体試料における前記癌マーカーの補正した発現レベルを、正常者の生体試料における前記癌マーカーの補正した発現レベルと比較し、前記正常者の補正した発現レベルよりも相対的に低い程、前記被検者は、前記癌の進行が相対的に進んでいると決定する。
(3)被検者の生体試料における前記癌マーカーの補正した発現レベルを、進行期別の各癌患者の生体試料における前記癌マーカーの補正した発現レベルと比較し、前記被検者は、同程度の補正した発現レベルを示す患者と同じ進行期であると決定する。 - 前記hsa−miR−92が、hsa−miR−92aである、請求項1記載の評価方法。
- 前記miRNAが、hsa−miR−92aおよびhsa−miR−494の少なくとも一方である、請求項1記載の評価方法。
- 前記癌が、大腸癌、胆嚢癌、胃癌、肺癌、白血病、膵癌、前立腺癌、膀胱癌、腎癌、子宮体癌、子宮頚癌、肝細胞癌、胆道癌、脳腫瘍、喉頭癌、舌癌、直腸癌および骨肉腫からなる群から選択された少なくとも一つの癌である、請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の評価方法。
- 癌マーカーであるhsa−miR−92およびhsa−miR−494の少なくとも一方のmiRNAを検出するmiRNA検出試薬と、補正マーカーであるhsa−miR−638を検出する補正マーカー検出試薬とを含み、請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の評価方法に使用することを特徴とする、乳癌を除く癌の可能性を評価するための評価試薬。
- 前記hsa−miR−92が、hsa−miR−92aである、請求項5記載の評価試薬。
- 前記miRNAが、hsa−miR−92aおよびhsa−miR−494の少なくとも一方である、請求項5記載の評価試薬。
- 請求項5から7のいずれか一項に記載の評価試薬を含み、
請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の評価方法に使用することを特徴とする、乳癌を除く癌の可能性を評価するための評価キット。 - 請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の評価方法において、血漿中または血清中の癌マーカーであるhsa−miR−92およびhsa−miR−494の少なくとも一方の発現レベルを補正するためのマーカーであり、血漿中または血清中のhsa−miR−638であることを特徴とする、補正マーカー。
- 請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の評価方法において、癌マーカーであるhsa−miR−92およびhsa−miR−494の少なくとも一方のmiRNAの発現レベルを補正するために、
生体試料における前記癌マーカーの発現レベルを測定する工程と、
前記生体試料における補正マーカーの発現量を測定する工程と、
前記癌マーカーの発現量と前記補正マーカーの発現量との比(癌マーカーの発現量/補正マーカーの発現量)を、前記生体試料における前記癌マーカーの補正した発現レベルとする補正工程とを含み、
前記生体試料が、血漿または血清であり、
前記補正マーカーが、hsa−miR−638であることを特徴とする、生体試料における癌マーカーの発現レベルの補正方法。
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