JP5687043B2 - Solar collector - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP5687043B2
JP5687043B2 JP2010277088A JP2010277088A JP5687043B2 JP 5687043 B2 JP5687043 B2 JP 5687043B2 JP 2010277088 A JP2010277088 A JP 2010277088A JP 2010277088 A JP2010277088 A JP 2010277088A JP 5687043 B2 JP5687043 B2 JP 5687043B2
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heat
heat collecting
solar
collecting tube
tube
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JP2012127536A (en
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慎一郎 川根
慎一郎 川根
吉田　純
純 吉田
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Hitachi Ltd
Hitachi Plant Mechanics Co Ltd
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Hitachi Plant Mechanics Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/74—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with trough-shaped or cylindro-parabolic reflective surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S40/00—Safety or protection arrangements of solar heat collectors; Preventing malfunction of solar heat collectors
    • F24S40/50—Preventing overheating or overpressure
    • F24S40/52—Preventing overheating or overpressure by modifying the heat collection, e.g. by defocusing or by changing the position of heat-receiving elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Description

本発明は、太陽光集熱装置に関し、特に、集光機構によって集光された太陽光を集熱管で受光し、集熱管の内部を流通する熱媒体にエネルギを伝達するようにした太陽光集熱装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a solar heat collecting apparatus, and more particularly, a solar light collecting device that receives sunlight collected by a light collecting mechanism with a heat collecting tube and transmits energy to a heat medium that circulates inside the heat collecting tube. It relates to a thermal device.

太陽光集熱装置において、熱源を確保するための集光機構として、パラボラトラフ式集光機構、フレネル式集光機構等の各種集光機構が用いられ、集光機構によって集光された太陽光を集熱管で受光し、集熱管の内部を流通する熱媒体にエネルギを伝達するようにしている。   In a solar heat collecting apparatus, various condensing mechanisms such as a parabolic trough condensing mechanism and a Fresnel condensing mechanism are used as a condensing mechanism for securing a heat source. Is received by a heat collecting tube, and energy is transmitted to a heat medium circulating in the heat collecting tube.

ところで、通常、集光機構、その最大の能力を発揮すべく、最大に集光された太陽光を集熱管で受光できるように、集光機構が常に太陽の方向を指向するように太陽の動きに従って集光機構を移動させる太陽追尾機構を設けるようにしている。   By the way, in order to exhibit the light collecting mechanism and its maximum ability, the movement of the sun so that the light collecting mechanism always points in the direction of the sun so that the most concentrated sunlight can be received by the heat collecting tube. A sun tracking mechanism for moving the light collecting mechanism is provided.

図１に示すパラボラトラフ式集光機構を備えた太陽光集熱装置を例に、従来の太陽追尾機構について説明する。
この太陽光集熱装置は、パラボラトラフ式集光機構としての反射鏡１と、反射鏡１によって反射した太陽光が集束する焦点に位置する内部を熱媒体が流通する集熱管２と、集熱管２の外周に同心状に配設したガラス製の断熱管３とを備え、集熱管２に集束された太陽光のエネルギによって、集熱管２の内部を流通する熱媒体を加熱することによって、熱として回収するようにしている。
この太陽光集熱装置は、反射鏡１及び集熱管２を一体とし、揺動軸４を介して太陽追尾機構としての駆動装置５により、太陽の動きに追従して移動するようにし、これにより、集熱管２に最大の入熱が行われるようにしている。
そして、図１に示す例では、反射鏡１及び集熱管２は、水平軸が南北に向くように配置するようにしている。 A conventional solar tracking mechanism will be described by taking a solar heat collecting apparatus having a parabolic trough type condensing mechanism shown in FIG. 1 as an example.
This solar heat collecting apparatus includes a reflecting mirror 1 as a parabolic trough type condensing mechanism, a heat collecting tube 2 through which a heat medium circulates in an interior located at a focal point where sunlight reflected by the reflecting mirror 1 converges, and a heat collecting tube And a heat insulating tube 3 made of glass arranged concentrically on the outer periphery of the heat collecting tube 2, and the heat medium flowing through the heat collecting tube 2 is heated by the energy of sunlight focused on the heat collecting tube 2. To be collected as.
In this solar heat collecting apparatus, the reflecting mirror 1 and the heat collecting pipe 2 are integrated, and the driving device 5 as a sun tracking mechanism is moved through the swing shaft 4 so as to follow the movement of the sun. The maximum heat input is performed on the heat collecting tube 2.
In the example shown in FIG. 1, the reflecting mirror 1 and the heat collecting tube 2 are arranged so that the horizontal axis faces north and south.

この場合、最大のエネルギを回収するために、その時刻の太陽の平行光線角度に対して、
（１）常に垂直になるように反射鏡１の開口の姿勢角度を制御する方式
（２）入射直達光線量が最大になるように反射鏡１の開口の姿勢角度を制御する方式
（３）集熱管２への光集束量が最大になるように反射鏡１の開口の姿勢角度を制御する方式
のいずれかを採用し、機械的に自動追尾し、常に集熱管２に最大の入熱が行われるようにしている。 In this case, in order to recover the maximum energy, with respect to the parallel ray angle of the sun at that time,
(1) Method for controlling the attitude angle of the opening of the reflecting mirror 1 so as to be always vertical (2) Method for controlling the attitude angle of the opening of the reflecting mirror 1 so as to maximize the amount of incident direct rays of light (3) One of the methods of controlling the attitude angle of the opening of the reflecting mirror 1 so that the amount of light focused on the heat tube 2 is maximized, is automatically tracked automatically, and the heat input tube 2 always receives the maximum heat input. It is supposed to be.

また、追尾方式には、
（１）その時刻毎にタイマーにより反射鏡１の角度を割り出す方式
（２）実際の上記（１）〜（３）の姿勢角度を制御する方式の物理量（集熱管２への入熱量）を常に計測し、ＰＩＤ制御する方式
がある。 The tracking method includes
(1) A method of calculating the angle of the reflecting mirror 1 by a timer at each time (2) A physical quantity (amount of heat input to the heat collecting tube 2) of a method of controlling the actual posture angle of the above (1) to (3) is always set There is a method of measuring and PID control.

ところで、上記従来の制御方法では、例えば、夏季の最大入熱運転条件下においても、常に最大の入熱量を得るべく太陽光集熱装置を運用するようにしている。
このような太陽光集熱装置の運用においては、集熱管２の内部を流通する熱媒体への熱伝達が円滑に行われているときは、プラントとしての熱変換量が最大となり、何等問題はない。 By the way, in the above-described conventional control method, for example, the solar heat collecting apparatus is operated to always obtain the maximum heat input amount even under the maximum heat input operation condition in summer.
In the operation of such a solar heat collecting apparatus, when the heat transfer to the heat medium that circulates inside the heat collecting pipe 2 is performed smoothly, the amount of heat conversion as the plant is maximized, and there is no problem. Absent.

ところが、一旦、熱伝達が阻害された状況、例えば、オイル等の熱媒体の場合は、熱媒体の流量が過小に、直接蒸発を伴う熱媒体の場合は、沸騰領域又は過熱領域での質量流量が過小になると、入熱過大に対して熱輸送が滞り様々な問題を生じる。
具体的には、集熱管２の外表面が異常過熱され、集熱管２が局部変形を起こし、破損するおそれがある。また、集熱管２の温度が、局部的に材料の変態点以上に上昇し、集熱管２自体の健全性が損なわれるおそれがある。また、集熱管２の集熱効率を向上させるための機能、例えば、選択吸収膜、反射防止膜等の機能劣化が生じるおそれがある。 However, once the heat transfer is hindered, for example, in the case of a heat medium such as oil, the flow rate of the heat medium is too low, and in the case of a heat medium that directly evaporates, the mass flow rate in the boiling region or the superheated region. When the temperature is too small, heat transport is delayed due to excessive heat input, causing various problems.
Specifically, the outer surface of the heat collecting tube 2 is abnormally heated, and the heat collecting tube 2 may be locally deformed and damaged. Moreover, the temperature of the heat collecting tube 2 may locally rise above the transformation point of the material, and the soundness of the heat collecting tube 2 itself may be impaired. In addition, there is a risk that functions for improving the heat collection efficiency of the heat collection tube 2, for example, functional degradation of a selective absorption film, an antireflection film, and the like may occur.

本発明は、上記従来の太陽光集熱装置の実情に鑑み、集熱管の内部を流通する熱媒体への熱伝達が阻害された場合に、集熱管の過熱によって引き起こされる異常状態や事故を自動的に回避することができるようにした太陽光集熱装置を提供することを目的とする。   In view of the actual situation of the conventional solar heat collecting apparatus, the present invention automatically detects an abnormal state or accident caused by overheating of the heat collecting tube when heat transfer to the heat medium flowing through the heat collecting tube is hindered. An object of the present invention is to provide a solar heat collecting apparatus which can be avoided.

上記目的を達成するため、本発明の太陽光集熱装置は、集光機構によって集光された太陽光を外周に同心状に断熱管を配設した集熱管で受光し、集熱管の内部を流通する熱媒体にエネルギを伝達するようにするとともに、集光機構が常に太陽の方向を指向するように太陽の動きに従って集光機構を移動させる太陽追尾機構を設けた太陽光集熱装置において、前記集熱管の内部を流通する熱媒体への熱伝達が阻害された場合に、前記集光機構を、太陽追尾機構による移動方向とは逆方向に、集光機構によって集光された太陽光が集熱管に照射されない以下の式１で求まる限界待避角度−αcriticalの位置まで揺動移動させる待避機構を設けたことを特徴とする。

Figure 0005687043
αcritical：反射鏡の限界待避角度［ｄｅｇ］
Ｗ：反射鏡の開口幅［ｍ］
Ａ：反射鏡の放物面の２次係数
Ｆ：焦点距離
Ｄ：断熱管３の外径［ｍ］ In order to achieve the above object, the solar heat collecting apparatus of the present invention receives sunlight collected by the light collecting mechanism with a heat collecting tube in which a heat insulating tube is concentrically arranged on the outer periphery, and the inside of the heat collecting tube is received. In the solar heat collecting apparatus provided with the solar tracking mechanism that moves the light collecting mechanism according to the movement of the sun so that the energy is transmitted to the circulating heat medium and the light collecting mechanism always points in the direction of the sun, when the heat transfer to the heat medium flowing inside the heat collection tube is inhibited, the condensing mechanism, the moving direction of the solar tracking mechanism in the opposite direction, by condensing mechanism sunlight is condensed The present invention is characterized in that a retracting mechanism that swings and moves to a position of a limit retracting angle −αcritical obtained by the following formula 1 that is not irradiated to the heat collecting tube is provided.
Figure 0005687043
 αcritical: Limiting angle of reflection mirror [deg]
W: Reflector opening width [m]
A: Second order coefficient of paraboloid of reflector
F: Focal length
D: Outer diameter of the heat insulating tube 3 [m]

この場合において、集熱管の内部を流通する熱媒体への熱伝達が阻害されたことを、以下の（ａ）〜（ｄ）のいずれか又は複数の組み合わせによって、検知するようにすることができる。
（ａ）集熱管の表面温度が許容値を超えた場合
（ｂ）熱媒体の温度が許容値を超えた場合
（ｃ）熱媒体の圧力が許容値を超えた場合
（ｄ）熱媒体の流量が許容値を超えて低下した場合 In this case, it can be detected by any one or a combination of the following (a) to (d) that the heat transfer to the heat medium flowing through the inside of the heat collecting tube is inhibited. .
(A) When the surface temperature of the heat collecting tube exceeds the allowable value (b) When the temperature of the heat medium exceeds the allowable value (c) When the pressure of the heat medium exceeds the allowable value (d) Flow rate of the heat medium Is reduced beyond the allowable value

本発明の太陽光集熱装置によれば、集熱管の内部を流通する熱媒体への熱伝達が阻害された場合に、集光機構によって集光された太陽光の少なくとも一部が集熱管に照射されない位置まで集光機構を移動させる待避機構を設けることにより、集熱管の過熱によって引き起こされる異常状態や事故を自動的に回避することができる。   According to the solar heat collecting apparatus of the present invention, when heat transfer to the heat medium that circulates inside the heat collecting tube is inhibited, at least a part of the sunlight collected by the light collecting mechanism is transferred to the heat collecting tube. By providing a retracting mechanism that moves the light collecting mechanism to a position where it is not irradiated, it is possible to automatically avoid an abnormal state or an accident caused by overheating of the heat collecting tube.

太陽光集熱装置の説明図である。It is explanatory drawing of a solar heat collecting device. 反射鏡によって集光された太陽光を集熱管で受光する状態を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which receives the sunlight condensed by the reflective mirror with a heat collecting tube. 正常運転時における反射鏡によって集光された太陽光を集熱管で受光する状態を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which receives the sunlight condensed with the reflective mirror at the time of normal operation with a heat collecting tube. 待避機構を作動させた状態における反射鏡によって集光された太陽光を集熱管で受光する状態を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which receives the sunlight condensed with the reflective mirror in the state which actuated the retracting mechanism with a heat collecting tube. 太陽光集熱装置の運転方法の一例を示すフローチャートである。It is a flowchart which shows an example of the operating method of a solar heat collecting device.

以下、本発明の太陽光集熱装置の実施の形態を、図面に基づいて説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the solar heat collecting apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

本発明の太陽光集熱装置を、図１に示すパラボラトラフ式集光機構を備えた太陽光集熱装置を例に説明する。   The solar heat collecting apparatus of the present invention will be described by taking a solar heat collecting apparatus provided with a parabolic trough type condensing mechanism shown in FIG. 1 as an example.

この太陽光集熱装置は、集光機構としての反射鏡１によって集光された太陽光を集熱管２で受光し、集熱管２の内部を流通する熱媒体にエネルギを伝達するようにするとともに、反射鏡１が常に太陽の方向を指向するように太陽の動きに従って反射鏡１を揺動軸４を介して移動させる太陽追尾機構としての駆動装置５を設けた太陽光集熱装置において、集熱管２の内部を流通する熱媒体への熱伝達が阻害されたことを検知した場合に、反射鏡１によって集光された太陽光の少なくとも一部が集熱管２に照射されない位置まで反射鏡１を揺動軸４を介して揺動移動させる待避機構（本実施例においては、太陽追尾機構としての駆動装置５と共用）を設け、これにより、集熱管２の過熱によって引き起こされる異常状態や事故を自動的に回避するようにしている。   The solar heat collecting apparatus receives sunlight collected by a reflecting mirror 1 as a light collecting mechanism by a heat collecting tube 2 and transmits energy to a heat medium circulating in the heat collecting tube 2. In a solar heat collecting apparatus provided with a drive device 5 as a solar tracking mechanism that moves the reflecting mirror 1 through the swing shaft 4 according to the movement of the sun so that the reflecting mirror 1 always points in the direction of the sun. When it is detected that heat transfer to the heat medium flowing through the inside of the heat tube 2 is inhibited, the reflecting mirror 1 is moved to a position where at least a part of the sunlight collected by the reflecting mirror 1 is not irradiated on the heat collecting tube 2. Is provided with a retracting mechanism (in this embodiment, shared with the driving device 5 as a solar tracking mechanism), and thereby an abnormal state or accident caused by overheating of the heat collecting tube 2 is provided. Automatically avoid Unishi to have.

この場合、集熱管２の内部を流通する熱媒体への熱伝達が阻害されたことの検知は、例えば、以下の（ａ）〜（ｄ）のいずれか又は複数の組み合わせによって行うことができる。
（ａ）集熱管の表面温度が許容値を超えた場合
（ｂ）熱媒体の温度が許容値を超えた場合
（ｃ）熱媒体の圧力が許容値を超えた場合
（ｄ）熱媒体の流量が許容値を超えて低下した場合 In this case, the detection that the heat transfer to the heat medium flowing through the inside of the heat collecting tube 2 is inhibited can be performed by any one or a combination of the following (a) to (d), for example.
(A) When the surface temperature of the heat collecting tube exceeds the allowable value (b) When the temperature of the heat medium exceeds the allowable value (c) When the pressure of the heat medium exceeds the allowable value (d) Flow rate of the heat medium Is reduced beyond the allowable value

そして、太陽光集熱装置の運転中に、集熱管２の内部を流通する熱媒体への熱伝達が阻害されたことを検知した場合は、太陽光集熱装置の保護の観点から、反射鏡１によって集光された太陽光の少なくとも一部、好ましくは、全部が集熱管２に照射されない退避位置まで反射鏡１を揺動軸４を介して揺動移動（待避角度：−α）させる。   When it is detected that the heat transfer to the heat medium that circulates inside the heat collecting tube 2 is detected during the operation of the solar heat collecting apparatus, the reflecting mirror is used from the viewpoint of protecting the solar heat collecting apparatus. The reflecting mirror 1 is oscillated and moved (retracting angle: -α) via the oscillating shaft 4 to a retracted position where at least a part, preferably all of the sunlight collected by 1 is not irradiated on the heat collecting tube 2.

この場合、反射鏡１を揺動軸４を介して揺動移動させる方向は、通常の太陽追尾機構による揺動移動方向（追尾方向）と逆方向に設定するようにする。
このとき、追尾方向と逆方向へ揺動移動させる理由は、正方向の待避位置まで移動させると、異常要因が排除されない場合、時間経過とともに再び反射鏡１によって集光された太陽光が集熱管２に照射される事態を回避するためである。 In this case, the direction in which the reflecting mirror 1 is oscillated and moved through the oscillating shaft 4 is set in the direction opposite to the oscillating movement direction (tracking direction) by the normal sun tracking mechanism.
At this time, the reason for the rocking movement in the direction opposite to the tracking direction is that if the abnormal factor is not eliminated when the movement is moved to the retracted position in the forward direction, the sunlight collected again by the reflecting mirror 1 over time is recovered. This is for avoiding the situation of irradiating 2.

そして、集熱管２の内部を流通する熱媒体への熱伝達が阻害された異常要因が排除され、上記の検知対象としていた計測物理量（温度・圧力）が安全領域に到達した時点で、再び通常の太陽光集熱装置の運転に復帰する。
なお、太陽光集熱装置の運転のフローチャートの一例を図５に示す。 Then, when the abnormal factor that hinders the heat transfer to the heat medium flowing through the heat collecting pipe 2 is eliminated and the measurement physical quantity (temperature / pressure) that is the detection target reaches the safe region, it is normal again. Return to the operation of the solar collector.
An example of a flowchart of the operation of the solar heat collecting apparatus is shown in FIG.

ところで、上記待避角度：−αは、図２に示すパラボラトラフ式集光機構の場合、反射鏡１の形状によって次式で求まる限界待避角度−αcritical以上の値に設定することが望ましい。   By the way, in the case of the parabolic trough type condensing mechanism shown in FIG.

Figure 0005687043
αcritical：反射鏡１の限界待避角度［ｄｅｇ］
Ｗ：反射鏡１の開口幅［ｍ］
Ａ：反射鏡１の放物面の２次係数
Ｆ：焦点距離
Ｄ：レシーバ（断熱管３）の外径［ｍ］
Figure 0005687043
 αcritical: Limiting retract angle of reflector 1 [deg]
W: Opening width of the reflecting mirror 1 [m]
A: Second-order coefficient of paraboloid of reflecting mirror 1 F: Focal length D: Outer diameter [m] of receiver (insulating tube 3)

この太陽光集熱装置によれば、正常運転時においては、図３のように、レシーバ（集熱管２）に反射鏡１によって集光された太陽光のすべてが集束されるように（レシーバから外れないように）、太陽追尾機構としての駆動装置５によって、太陽を追尾するように反射鏡１の姿勢制御が行われる。
一方、太陽光集熱装置の運転中に、集熱管２の内部を流通する熱媒体への熱伝達が阻害されたことを検知した時点で、待避機構としての駆動装置５によって、反射鏡１によって集光された太陽光の少なくとも一部、好ましくは、全部が集熱管２に照射されない退避位置まで反射鏡１を揺動軸４を介して揺動移動（待避角度：−α）させることにより、図４に示すように、反射鏡１によって集光された太陽光がレシーバ（集熱管２及び断熱管３）から外れ、レシーバ（集熱管２及び断熱管３）の過熱によって引き起こされる異常状態や事故を自動的に回避することができる。 According to this solar heat collecting apparatus, during normal operation, as shown in FIG. 3, all of the sunlight collected by the reflecting mirror 1 is focused on the receiver (heat collecting tube 2) (from the receiver). The attitude control of the reflecting mirror 1 is performed so as to track the sun by the drive device 5 as the sun tracking mechanism.
On the other hand, when it is detected that the heat transfer to the heat medium flowing through the inside of the heat collecting tube 2 is inhibited during the operation of the solar heat collecting apparatus, the reflecting mirror 1 is used by the driving device 5 as a retraction mechanism. By oscillating and moving the reflecting mirror 1 via the oscillating shaft 4 (retraction angle: −α) to a retreat position where at least a part, preferably all of the collected sunlight is not irradiated onto the heat collecting tube 2, As shown in FIG. 4, the sunlight collected by the reflecting mirror 1 is detached from the receiver (the heat collecting tube 2 and the heat insulating tube 3), and an abnormal state or accident caused by overheating of the receiver (the heat collecting tube 2 and the heat insulating tube 3). Can be avoided automatically.

なお、本実施例においては、パラボラトラフ式集光機構を備えた太陽光集熱装置を例に説明したが、集光機構として、複数の長尺の平面分割鏡からなるフレネルミラー型の反射鏡やリニアフレネルレンズ等の公知の集光機構を備えた太陽光集熱装置にも同様に適用することができ、これを排除するものでない。   In the present embodiment, the solar heat collecting apparatus provided with the parabolic trough type condensing mechanism has been described as an example. However, as the condensing mechanism, a Fresnel mirror type reflecting mirror composed of a plurality of long planar split mirrors is used. It can be similarly applied to a solar heat collecting apparatus having a known light collecting mechanism such as a linear Fresnel lens, and this is not excluded.

以上、本発明の太陽光集熱装置について、その実施例に基づいて説明したが、本発明は上記実施例に記載した構成に限定されるものではなく、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲において適宜その構成を変更することができるものである。   As mentioned above, although the solar heat collecting apparatus of this invention was demonstrated based on the Example, this invention is not limited to the structure described in the said Example, The structure suitably in the range which does not deviate from the meaning. Can be changed.

本発明の太陽光集熱装置は、集熱管の内部を流通する熱媒体への熱伝達が阻害された場合に、集熱管の過熱によって引き起こされる異常状態や事故を自動的に回避することができることから、太陽光の入射角度の変化が大きい地域で使用される太陽光集熱装置の用途に好適に用いることができ、また、それ以外の地域で使用される太陽光集熱装置の用途にも用いることができる。   The solar heat collecting apparatus of the present invention can automatically avoid an abnormal state or an accident caused by overheating of the heat collecting tube when heat transfer to the heat medium flowing through the heat collecting tube is hindered. Therefore, it can be suitably used for solar heat collector applications used in areas where the change in the incident angle of sunlight is large, and also for solar heat collector apparatuses used in other areas. Can be used.

１ 反射鏡（集光機構）
２ 集熱管（レシーバ）
３ 断熱管（レシーバ）
４ 揺動軸
５ 駆動装置（太陽追尾機構、待避機構） 1 Reflector (Condensing mechanism)
2 Heat collection tube (receiver)
3 Insulation pipe (receiver)
4 Oscillating shaft 5 Drive unit (sun tracking mechanism, retract mechanism)

Claims (2)

集光機構によって集光された太陽光を外周に同心状に断熱管を配設した集熱管で受光し、集熱管の内部を流通する熱媒体にエネルギを伝達するようにするとともに、集光機構が常に太陽の方向を指向するように太陽の動きに従って集光機構を移動させる太陽追尾機構を設けた太陽光集熱装置において、前記集熱管の内部を流通する熱媒体への熱伝達が阻害された場合に、前記集光機構を、太陽追尾機構による移動方向とは逆方向に、集光機構によって集光された太陽光が集熱管に照射されない以下の式１で求まる限界待避角度−αcriticalの位置まで揺動移動させる待避機構を設けたことを特徴とする太陽光集熱装置。
Figure 0005687043
 αcritical：反射鏡の限界待避角度［ｄｅｇ］
Ｗ：反射鏡の開口幅［ｍ］
Ａ：反射鏡の放物面の２次係数
Ｆ：焦点距離
Ｄ：断熱管３の外径［ｍ］ The sunlight collected by the condensing mechanism is received by a heat collecting tube having a heat insulating tube concentrically arranged on the outer periphery, and energy is transmitted to a heat medium that circulates inside the heat collecting tube. In a solar heat collecting apparatus provided with a solar tracking mechanism that moves the light collecting mechanism according to the movement of the sun so that the direction of the sun is always directed to the sun, heat transfer to the heat medium that circulates inside the heat collecting tube is hindered. when the, the condensing mechanism, the moving direction of the solar tracking mechanism in the opposite direction, by the focusing mechanism sunlight is condensed is a limit retracted angle -αcritical which is obtained by the formula 1 below is not irradiated to the heat collecting pipe A solar heat collecting apparatus comprising a retracting mechanism that swings and moves to a position.
Figure 0005687043
 αcritical: Limiting angle of reflection mirror [deg]
W: Reflector opening width [m]
A: Second order coefficient of paraboloid of reflector
F: Focal length
D: Outer diameter of the heat insulating tube 3 [m] 集熱管の内部を流通する熱媒体への熱伝達が阻害されたことを、以下の（ａ）〜（ｄ）のいずれか又は複数の組み合わせによって、検知するようにしたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の太陽光集熱装置。
（ａ）集熱管の表面温度が許容値を超えた場合
（ｂ）熱媒体の温度が許容値を超えた場合
（ｃ）熱媒体の圧力が許容値を超えた場合
（ｄ）熱媒体の流量が許容値を超えて低下した場合 The fact that any one or a combination of the following (a) to (d) is detected that the heat transfer to the heat medium flowing through the inside of the heat collecting tube is hindered. The solar heat collecting apparatus of 1.
(A) When the surface temperature of the heat collecting tube exceeds the allowable value (b) When the temperature of the heat medium exceeds the allowable value (c) When the pressure of the heat medium exceeds the allowable value (d) Flow rate of the heat medium Is reduced beyond the allowable value
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