JP5682870B2 - How to adjust fruit coloring - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a coloring adjustment method for adjusting the coloring of fruit skins such as “sudachi” and “lemon” by laying a skin color adjusting sheet.

  In Japanese fruit cultivation, the skin color has a large influence on the price in the market, so the producer may try to adjust the shipping time using technology that promotes or suppresses the coloring of the fruit.

Conventionally, the following non-patent documents 1 to 9 are known as techniques for improving the quality of fruits.
Non-Patent Documents 1 to 3 show a technique for performing drip irrigation to balance the growth of sugar and the sugar content of "Wenzhou mandarin", and a technique for performing drip irrigation under a moisture-permeable multi-sheet. Yes. Non-Patent Document 4 discloses a technique for laying a reflective multi-sheet under a tree crown in order to promote coloring of “柿” and to advance the harvest time.

By the way, the said nonpatent literatures 1-4 are applied to the fruit which commercial value goes up by coloring like "Wenzhou orange" or "柿", Even if it is the same citrus type as "Wenzhou orange", It cannot be applied directly to “Sudachi” or “Lemon”, which reduces the value of the product due to coloring of the epidermis. For this reason, researchers consider it applicable to “Sudachi” and “Lemon” as well. As shown in 5-7, a technique for adjusting the coloring of the epidermis by spraying a plant growth regulator such as a commercially available gibberellin aqueous solvent, and as shown in Non-Patent Documents 8 and 9 The technology which adjusts the coloring of the fruit epidermis is provided by covering the fruit and the fruit with a light-transmitting colored film.

“Development and dissemination of citrus mulch / drip irrigation simultaneous fertilization system”, Sogakuken (Hort. Res. (Japan) 9 (2): 129-135.2010) “Development of simultaneous multi-drip irrigation fertilization method in open-air cultivation Citrus unshiu” Sogakuken (Hort. Res. (Japan) 3 (1): 45-49.2004) "Water dynamics of Citrus unshiu in multi-culture" Sogakuken (Hort. Res. (Japan) 4 (3): 291-295.2005) “Effects of circular peel and reflective laying on softening after harvest of oyster 'Tone early seedling' fruit” Sogakuken (Hort. Res. (Japan) 5 (2): 185-191.2006) “THE USE OF GROWTH REGULATORS IN CITRICULTURE; A REVIEW” Scientia Horticulturae, 11 (1979) 151-162 “GA3 and 2,4-D prolong on-tree strorage of citrus in Morocco” Scientia Horticulturae, 44 (1990) 241-249 “EFFECTS OF GIBBERLLIC ACID CYCOCEL ON COLORING AND SIZING OF LEMON” Scientia Horticulturae, 12 (1980) 177-181 “Photosynthetic response of citrus grown under reflective aluminized polypropylene shading nets” Scientia Horticulturae, 96 (2002) 115-125 "Effects of short-term treatment of far-red light transmission suppression film on the growth and flowering of several kinds of flowerbed seedlings" Sogakuken (Hort. Res. (Japan) 8 (1): 93-99.2009)

However, in Non-Patent Documents 5 to 7 described above, the cost of purchasing chemicals for spraying a plant growth regulator such as a commercially available gibberellin aqueous solvent and the cost of labor required for spraying work are particularly high. There are many burdens on the producers, and since the coloring varies depending on the spraying time of the drug, the effect is also limited.
Further, in Non-Patent Documents 8 and 9, in the cultivation of fruit trees outside the facility, dedicated equipment for covering the trees and fruits with a colored film is necessary, and use at the production site is not practical.
Furthermore, for citrus fruits such as “Sudachi” and “Lemon”, it is necessary to prevent the redness of the skin from increasing in order to maintain market value, and to adjust the coloring time according to the shipment. In the case of fruits, there is a problem that the existing technology cannot be applied as it is for adjusting the coloring time.

This invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and reduces the cost and labor related to equipment installation such as the application of a regulator and covering with a colored film, and does not rely on drugs.
Provided is a coloring adjustment method capable of adjusting the skin color of citrus fruits such as “lemon” (delaying the coloring time).

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes the following means. That is, in the fruit coloring adjustment method of the present invention, a skin color adjustment sheet is laid on the ground on which fruit trees are planted to maximize reflected light in the range of 460 to 490 nm and 350 to 600 nm. It is characterized by irradiating.

According to the fruit coloring adjustment method of the present invention, a skin color adjusting sheet is laid on the ground on which fruit trees are planted , and has a maximum value in the range of 460 to 490 nm and a wavelength in the range of 350 to 600 nm. By irradiating the fruit with the reflected light, it becomes possible to adjust the skin color of citrus fruits such as “sudachi” and “lemon” (delay of the coloring time). That is, by laying the skin color adjustment sheet according to the present invention on the ground on which the fruit tree is planted, the cost and labor related to equipment installation covered with a dispersing agent or colored film, as in the past, is reduced, In addition, it is possible to adjust the skin color of citrus fruits without depending on the drug (delay of the coloring time).

It is the schematic which shows the example which laid the skin color adjustment sheet | seat 10 which concerns on this invention on the ground G of the vicinity where the fruit tree F is planted. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the wavelength of sunlight, and an intensity | strength. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the wavelength of reflected light and the intensity | strength which concerns on the skin color adjusting sheet 10 of this invention. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the wavelength and the intensity | strength of the reflected light which concern on the conventional reflective sheet. It is a graph which shows the relationship between a measurement period (horizontal axis) and the redness (a value) (vertical axis) of the skin of "Sudachi" in the coloring period and the harvest period.

One Embodiment of the coloring adjustment method of the fruit which concerns on this invention is described with reference to FIGS.
In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a skin color adjustment sheet 10 according to the present invention is laid on the ground G in the vicinity where fruit trees F such as “sudachi” and “lemon” are planted. 10, the sunlight is reflected, and the reflected light (indicated by reference numeral 12) is applied to the fruit on the fruit tree F from below.

  This skin color adjusting sheet 10 is obtained by subjecting the upper surface of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) as a main material to predetermined coloring and printing with urethane laminating ink, and an aluminum sheet via a two-component curable urethane laminating adhesive. Further, the aluminum sheet is further laminated with a linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) via a two-component curable urethane laminating adhesive on the upper surface of the aluminum sheet. By adopting, the function is adjusted so that the reflected light 12 of the sunlight is maximized at 460 to 490 nm, and particularly the reflected light 12 having a high proportion of the wavelength in the range of 350 to 600 nm is irradiated to the fruit. .

  Moreover, in the laminated body of the said skin color adjustment sheet | seat 10, thickness is set to about 85 micrometers and the through-hole 11 is formed with the needle | hook with the pitch of a 5x5 mm pattern. In addition, such a through-hole 11 is provided in order to ensure the moisture permeability and air permeability with respect to the ground G, ie, the hole of a sheet | seat does not let excess rain water pass, and also escapes the moisture in soil. In citrus cultivation, excessive moisture builds up in the soil, which may lead to a decrease in fruit quality (decrease in sugar content and increase in citric acid concentration). To maintain.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 showing the relationship between the wavelength and intensity of light, the skin color adjusting sheet 10 shown in FIG. 3 is irradiated with sunlight having the wavelength shown in FIG. As described above, the maximum wavelength is 460 to 490 nm (the peak is indicated by a symbol P in FIG. 3), and the fruit is adjusted to irradiate the fruit with a large proportion of the reflected light 12 having a wavelength in the range of 350 to 600 nm. Yes. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 4, a conventionally used sheet (multi-sheet) irradiates fruit with reflected light 12 of solar rays in a wide wavelength region from 300 nm to 850 nm. The 12 wavelengths and the peak wavelengths are different from the skin color adjusting sheet 10 according to the present invention.

Results of comparing the skin color adjusting sheet 10 according to the present invention configured as described above, which maximizes 460 to 490 nm and irradiates the fruit with reflected light 12 having a wavelength in the range of 350 to 600 nm, and other prototype sheets Is shown in FIG.
In addition, in FIG. 5, when the graph shown by (1) does not use a reflective sheet, when the graph shown by (2) uses the skin color adjustment sheet 10 which concerns on this invention, (3)-( In the graph shown in 8), as shown in FIG. 4, the reflected light 12 has a peak that exceeds the wavelength range of 350 to 600 nm shown in the skin color adjusting sheet 10 and is different from 460 to 490 nm shown in FIG. It is a measurement result at the time of using the set reflection sheet (comparative example).
Then, using the state (1) without the reflective sheet and the skin color adjusting sheet 10 according to the present invention (2), using the reflective sheet as a comparative example of (3) to (8), 10 During the two-month measurement period from the beginning of the month to the beginning of December, the coloring of the skin of “Sudachi” was observed.

  Then, as can be seen with reference to FIG. 5 showing the relationship between the measurement period (horizontal axis) and the redness (a value) (vertical axis) of the skin of “Sudachi” in the coloring period and the harvest period, it relates to the present invention. Compared with the case where the skin color adjusting sheet 10 of (2) is in the state without the reflecting sheet of (1) and the reflecting sheet which is a comparative example of (3) to (8), in the entire measurement period, It was confirmed that the redness (a value) of the fruit peel was low as a whole, and it was possible to delay the coloring time of the fruit.

  As described above in detail, in the fruit coloring adjustment method shown in this embodiment, the skin color adjustment sheet 10 is laid on the ground G on which the fruit tree F is planted to maximize 460 to 490 nm, and 350 By irradiating the fruit with reflected light 12 having a wavelength in the range of ˜600 nm, it becomes possible to adjust the skin color of citrus fruits such as “sudachi” (delay of coloring time). That is, by laying the skin color adjusting sheet 10 on the ground on which the fruit tree F is planted, it is possible to reduce the cost and labor related to the installation of the equipment covered with the conditioner spraying or the colored film, as in the past, and It becomes possible to adjust the skin color of citrus fruits such as “sudachi” (delay of the coloring time) without relying on chemicals.

  Moreover, in the said skin color adjustment sheet | seat 10, as shown in FIG. 3, it is adjusted so that 460 thru | or 490 nm may be maximized, and the reflected light 12 of the wavelength of the range of 350-600 nm may be irradiated to a fruit, Preferably, the fruit is irradiated with reflected light 12 having a wavelength in the range of 400 to 550 nm as shown in FIG. 3, and thereby, the citrus peel color adjustment (delay of coloring time) such as “sudachi” can be reliably performed. It becomes possible.

  In the above embodiment, “sudachi” is taken as an example, but the above-described skin color adjustment sheet 10 is also laid for “lemon” whose commercial value is maintained by delaying the coloring time. It has been confirmed that similar results can be obtained.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was explained in full detail with reference to drawings, the concrete structure is not restricted to this embodiment, The design change etc. of the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention are included.

  The present invention relates to a coloring adjustment method for adjusting the coloring of fruit skins such as “sudachi” and “lemon” by laying a skin color adjusting sheet.

10 Fruit color adjustment sheet 11 Through hole 12 Reflected light F Fruit tree G Ground

Claims (2)

A fruit color adjusting sheet is laid on the surface of the surrounding area where fruit trees are planted, and the fruit has a maximum wavelength between 460 and 490 nm and irradiates the fruit with reflected light having a wavelength in the range of 350 to 600 nm. A method for adjusting the coloration of fruits. 2. The fruit coloring adjustment method according to claim 1 , wherein a plurality of through holes are formed at a predetermined pitch in the sheet material.

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