JP5681581B2 - Concrete floor slab finish height management method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a measurement method for buildings such as roads and highways, and more particularly to a method for measuring changes over time. Specifically, the present invention relates to a method for managing the finished height of a concrete slab during construction.

  The floor slab will be constructed in the following steps. First, a floor slab form and a side form are assembled as a form on the bridge girder and pier. Then, the reinforcing bars are arranged on the floor slab formwork, and the reinforcing bars are bound with a thin wire or the like. This reinforcing bar resists the tensile stress generated in the concrete slab. In the case of a large-scale formwork, the formwork includes joists, large draws, and support pillars in addition to the siding board that is a plate-shaped component that contacts the concrete and the horizontal and vertical flats that support the formwork. The inner surface of the dam is coated with oil, resin, or the like so that the concrete can be easily peeled off when completed.

  As the dam plate, aluminum, stainless steel, resin, paper, concrete, and plywood are used. When placement of the reinforcing bars is completed, concrete placement is performed in which raw concrete is driven into the formwork. This concrete placement is called concrete placement and may be done manually, but it is generally performed by a dedicated machine such as a concrete pump car. In order to manage the concrete so that the concrete is at the design height in the formwork when this concrete is placed, an operator confirms the mark provided on the sill plate of the formwork or in the formwork. While driving concrete.

  In order to guarantee the quality of concrete structures, it is important to manage the finish of the concrete placement. In particular, there is a need for a technique for managing the finish of concrete placement in real time. Many techniques have been disclosed as techniques for managing the finish of concrete placement. For example, a concrete placement management system that disposes a sensor in a concrete placement space and measures a distance from a concrete surface that is displaced upward from below when concrete is placed is disclosed (for example, Patent Document 1). The concrete height is calculated based on the measurement value output from the sensor and displayed in real time on the screen of the calculation display device.

JP 2009-83353 A

  The concrete placement management system of Patent Document 1 measures the distance between the sensor and the concrete surface in the region immediately below the sensor. This system is not suitable for placing concrete in a wide area such as a concrete building such as a road or a highway, because a large number of sensors need to be arranged. For this reason, even when placing concrete on a wide area such as a road or expressway, technology is required to manage the finish of the concrete placement in real time and to convey the finished height of the concrete slab to the workers on site in an easy-to-understand manner. ing.

The present invention has been made based on the technical background as described above, and achieves the following objects.
An object of the present invention is to provide a concrete slab finished height management method for measuring and managing a change over time of a concrete placing surface height for a building such as a road or a highway.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs the following means.
The concrete floor slab finish height management method according to the first aspect of the present invention is the concrete floor slab that is placed when the concrete is placed in the concrete placement in which concrete is poured into a formwork in order to construct the concrete floor slab. A laser range finder for measuring the surface height of the sensor, a calculator for calculating using the measured data, and a display for displaying the calculated result. While displaying the difference between the height of the target surface of the concrete placement and the height of the placement surface that has already been placed, the finished height of the concrete slab is managed, and the position of the target surface Is characterized in that a prism is placed at a point serving as a reference for finishing the surface of the concrete slab, and the surface of the mold is measured by the laser range finder.

  The concrete floor slab finish height management method according to the second aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the first aspect, the difference between the target surface and the placing surface is displayed in different colors.

Invention 3 of concrete slab finished height control method of the present invention, in the invention 2, the laser distance measuring instrument, a body, a two-axis rotation servo mechanism for biaxial supported orthogonal to each other on the main body, A laser projector that is supported on the same body by the two-axis rotation servo mechanism and projects a laser beam; and a distance R between the reference point of the main body and the distance measurement target point that receives reflected light reflected by the distance measurement target point A distance measuring device that calculates and calculates the position of the reference point of the main body from the first prism and the second prism that are the prisms installed in the vicinity of the formwork. And means for obtaining a three-dimensional polar coordinate of each point on the placement surface of the mold from a reference point of the main body, and means for obtaining a three-dimensional view of the placement surface from the set of the three-dimensional polar coordinates. And the indicator from the calculator Displaying the 3-dimensional view obtained were characterized.

The concrete floor slab finish height management method according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is the method according to the third aspect , wherein the display unit displays the three-dimensional polar coordinate and the design data of the concrete floor slab finish height in an overlapping manner, and the calculator Is characterized in that a difference between the three-dimensional polar coordinates and the design data is obtained and difference data is output, and the output difference data is identified and displayed by the display device according to the degree of the difference.

According to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
According to the concrete floor slab finish height management method of the present invention, it is easy to measure and manage the finish of concrete placement, particularly the change over time of the height.
In addition, according to the concrete floor slab finish height management method of the present invention, it was possible to measure the finish of the concrete placement, in particular, the change over time of the height, and to make the concrete placement finish informationalized.

Furthermore, according to the concrete finish height management method of the present invention, the finish of the concrete placement, in particular, the change over time of the height is measured and managed, thereby improving the quality of the concrete placement finish and shortening the construction period. I was able to.
Furthermore, since a plurality of measurement points are measured with a laser range finder even in a wide measurement area, a large number of sensors as in the prior art are not required.

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing the operation status of the concrete floor slab finished height management apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the concept of the computer 5 according to the first embodiment of this invention. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a flow of managing the concrete floor slab finish height in the concrete floor slab finish height management apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing a flow of preliminary measurement in the concrete floor slab finished height management apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a display example of the display 31 according to the first embodiment of this invention. FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a form according to the first embodiment of this invention. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a flow of managing the concrete floor slab finish height in the concrete floor slab finish height management apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of a concrete floor slab finished height management method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing an operation status of the concrete floor slab finished height management device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The concrete floor slab finished height management device 1 is used for concrete placement for a concrete floor slab in which a concrete floor slab is constructed on a bridge girder or a pier. In the viaduct, a bridge girder (not shown) is installed on the pier 12 installed on the ground surface, and the concrete formwork 3 is assembled on the bridge girder.

  Concrete formwork 3 consists of a floor slab formwork and a side formwork. Reinforcing bars 2 are arranged on the floor slab formwork, and concrete is driven into the concrete formwork 3. The concrete formwork 3 is for maintaining the shape until the concrete is hardened. In the case of a large-scale formwork, the concrete formwork 3 is made up of joists, overhangs, and support pillars in addition to these. . The inner surface of the dam is coated with oil, resin or the like so that the concrete is easily peeled off when completed.

  As the dam plate, aluminum, stainless steel, resin, paper, concrete, and plywood are used. However, since the construction work of the concrete mold 3 and the material of the concrete mold 3 are not the gist of the present invention, detailed description thereof is omitted. The concrete floor slab finished height management device 1 basically comprises a laser range finder 4 and a computer 5. When concrete is driven into the concrete form 3, the concrete floor slab finish height management device 1 measures the height of the concrete casting surface with a laser range finder 4, and the measured data is displayed on the display of the computer 5. Is displayed on the display 31.

  The manager at the site observes the surface height of the concrete placement displayed on the display 31 so that the concrete placement matches the design value or the preset reference value. The laser distance measuring device 4 is placed and fixed on the tripod 4a. The tripod 4a on which the laser rangefinder 4 is mounted is installed in the vicinity of the concrete placing site. For example, as shown in FIG. Placed in. The laser distance measuring device 4 and the computer 5 have a communication function for performing bidirectional communication with each other.

  In the first embodiment of the present invention, the laser distance measuring device 4 performs wireless two-way communication with the computer 5, but a wired communication function in which the laser distance measuring device 4 and the computer 5 are connected by a communication cable or the like. May be provided in the laser distance measuring device 4. The computer 5 includes an antenna (not shown) for wireless communication. The computer 5 communicates with the laser rangefinder 4 via this antenna. The computer 5 communicates with a management center (not shown) via an antenna. The laser range finder 4 generates laser light and irradiates the measurement object, and detects the reflected laser light reflected by the measurement object to perform surveying.

  As the laser distance measuring device 4, a general-purpose device is used as represented by a total station. An example of the total station is the SRX total station series manufactured by Sokkia Topcon Corporation (Itabashi-ku, Tokyo). A number of surveying techniques for roads and buildings are disclosed, such as “Road section continuation device and road section measurement method” disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 4059832. The concrete floor slab finished height management device 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention can also adopt any known measuring method capable of measuring the height of the reference point and the concrete placing surface. In the first embodiment of the present invention, the concrete floor slab finished height management device 1 employs all or part of the distance measuring method disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 4059832.

  In the following, the outline of the structure of the laser rangefinder 4, the surveying method, etc. will be briefly described, and the detailed structure and surveying method will be omitted because it is a general-purpose device. The laser distance measuring device 4 includes a laser beam (phase) detection distance calculator (not shown). The laser light detection distance calculator includes a laser projector for oscillating projection laser light, a two-axis rotation servo mechanism for controlling the optical axis to a two-dimensional angle corresponding to the projection direction of the laser projector, laser projection It includes a laser projection angle electronic control system that controls the angle, and a light wave phase analysis distance calculator that detects the reflected laser beam and measures the phase.

  The reflected laser beam reflected from the measurement target point (not shown) reflected by the projection laser beam projected from the laser projector is received by the light wave phase analysis distance calculator. The light wave phase analysis distance calculator calculates the difference between the mechanical origin (reference point) set in the laser rangefinder 4 and the measurement target point based on the phase difference corresponding to each of the reflected laser beam and the projected laser beam. The distance (R) is calculated and output as distance measurement data. The distance measurement data includes three-dimensional polar coordinate data (R, θx, θy), and the distance R is measured corresponding to the two-dimensional angular coordinates (θx, θy). The distance data R is expressed as R (θx, θy).

  The three-dimensional polar coordinate data (R, θx, θy) is a combination of the two-dimensional angle data (θx, θy) output from the laser projection angle electronic control system and the distance data R output from the light wave phase analysis distance calculator. Is generated by a three-dimensional polar coordinate data generator. The three-dimensional polar coordinate data generator can generate time-series three-dimensional polar coordinate data (R (t), θx, θy) or (R (t, θx, θy), θx, θy). The time t is given by a clock (not shown) built in the calculator 5 or the laser light wave detection distance calculator.

  The laser distance measuring device 4 transmits the measured distance measurement data to the computer 5. As shown in FIG. 2, the computer 5 includes a central processing unit (hereinafter referred to as a CPU) 20, a main memory (RAM) 21, a ROM 22, a communication bus 23, an input device 30, and a display that is a display as an output device. 31 is an electronic computer provided with various communication interfaces 24-26. In the first embodiment of the present invention, the main body 27 of the computer 5 includes a CPU 20, a RAM 21, a ROM 22, a communication bus 23, an interface 24, an input interface 25, and an output interface 26.

  The main body 27 has an auxiliary storage device 28 such as a hard disk or a nonvolatile memory. Although not shown, the auxiliary storage device 28 is connected to the communication bus 23 through a predetermined interface. The auxiliary storage device 28 stores concrete floor slab finish height management software, which is application software necessary for concrete floor slab finish height management. The concrete floor slab finish height management software reads the concrete floor slab design data and displays the placement site, or the function to input the concrete floor slab design data and display the placement site on the display Have

  The concrete floor slab finish height management software also has a function to display the data measured by the laser rangefinder 4 and the three-dimensional or two-dimensional figure calculated from the data on the displayed placement site. Have. The auxiliary storage device 28 stores communication software for controlling communication when the computer 5 communicates with the laser distance measuring device 4 and / or the management center. These software programs are called from the basic software and operate. The main body 27 includes a built-in power supply unit 29 for supplying power to the computer 5.

  The input device 30 is a device such as a mouse, a keyboard, or a touch panel. The output device includes a display 31. The antenna 32 is connected to the communication interface 24. As shown in FIG. 1, it is preferable that the antenna 32 has a built-in computer 5. The computer 5 includes a main body 27, an input device 30, a display 31, an antenna 32, and the like that are connected to the main body 27. However, the main body 27 may be an integrated type in which these are incorporated.

  The computer 5 operates under the control of arbitrary basic software such as Microsoft Windows (registered trademark), open source LINUX (registered trademark), or Apple Mac OS (registered trademark). As the computer 5, any electronic computer can be used as long as it can perform the processing described in the first embodiment of the present invention. The detailed operation of the computer 5 is omitted because it is not the gist of the present invention. In the first embodiment of the present invention, the computer 5 is used at a concrete placement site, and is most preferably a portable small electronic computer such as a notebook.

  Based on the distance measurement data transmitted from the laser distance measuring device 4, the progress of concrete placement is displayed on the display 31 of the computer 5. The display 31 also displays concrete floor slab design data together with the actual progress of concrete placement measured by the laser rangefinder 4. At this time, the difference between the height of the target surface targeted by the design data of the concrete slab and the height of the placement surface that is already placed is displayed. This difference is calculated as difference data. This placement surface is a height value when measured at the measurement point 10.

  An operator or manager of concrete placement can immediately check whether the concrete placement is properly performed by looking at this display. That is, the value of the location where the concrete floor slab surface height is as designed and the location where the concrete floor slab surface height is low or high from the designed height can be confirmed. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a flow of managing the concrete placement height by the concrete floor slab finished height management apparatus 1. First, design data is input to the computer 5. This design data is design data for constructing a concrete slab.

  The design data can also include design data for the concrete formwork 3 and the rebar 2 as shown in FIG. The design data of the concrete slab is created in advance with dedicated design software. The design data is stored in a format dedicated to the design software or in a text format. The design data is stored in the auxiliary storage device 28 of the computer 5 and is called from the concrete floor slab finish height management software that operates on the computer 5. The computer 5 reads this design data, and displays the concrete floor slab design data on the display 31 as a concrete floor slab finished height management site map (step 1).

  Further, the road width, length, and the like are input by the manager, and the concrete floor slab finish height management site map specified by the road width and length can be displayed on the display 31. Furthermore, when the concrete floor slab finish height management site has a shape that can be easily grasped by the manager, the manager inputs the width and length of the road and the concrete floor slab finish height management site on the display 31. It can also be displayed as a diagram. Thereafter, prior to concrete placement, pre-measurement is performed at the concrete floor slab finish height management site (step 2).

  The preliminary measurement in step 2 is performed according to the flowchart shown in FIG. First, after the design data or the like is read or inputted and the concrete floor slab finished height management site map can be displayed on the display, the laser range finder 4 is installed and the coordinates are known. The first prism 9a and the second prism 9b are installed at the known points (step 15). The 1st prism 9a and the 2nd prism 9b are installed with fixtures, such as a support bar 8. At this time, the laser distance measuring device 4 is installed at an arbitrary place where the entire site can be overlooked and measured around the site (step 15).

  Next, the computer 5 calculates the self-position where the laser rangefinder 4 is installed by the backward intersection method. The backward crossing method is a well-known method, and the outline thereof will be explained. The coordinates of the known point are inputted to the computer 5 and the prism 9a installed at the two known points from the laser distance measuring device 4 by the laser distance measuring device 4. , 9b, respectively, and a depression angle formed by a straight line connecting the two distances, the laser distance measuring device 4 and one known point, and a straight line connecting the laser distance measuring device 4 and the other known point, Then, the computer 5 calculates and obtains a reference point (mechanical origin) which is the self-position where the laser distance measuring device 4 is installed (step 16).

  Next, a prism 9 is installed at a concrete floor slab finish height management place with a fixture such as a support bar 8, and the left and right end positions of the concrete floor slab finish height management place are measured by the laser rangefinder 4. (Step 17). At this time, the prism 9 is installed in the vicinity of the place where the concrete floor slab finish height management is to be performed. For example, as shown in the drawing, it is installed in the left and right concrete molds 3. In the preliminary measurement at this time, the surfaces of the left and right concrete molds 3 are measured by the prism 9. This is because the surface of the concrete formwork 3 is used as a reference for the finished height of the concrete slab.

  In addition, it is good also as a reference | standard of the concrete slab finishing height by measuring the bottom face of a formwork and inputting the height from a bottom face. When Steps 15 to 17 are finished, the laser rangefinder 4 is once removed from the concrete placement site, and the preliminary measurement in Step 2 of FIG. 3 is completed. When the construction of the road 11 progresses and the concrete is placed, the laser distance measuring device 4 and the prisms 9 are installed at two known points whose coordinates are known in substantially the same manner as in step 15 (step 3). . For example, the prism 9 is installed as the first prism 9a and the second prism 9b at the known point.

  Next, similarly to the step 16, the reference point which is the self-position is calculated by the computer 5 using the laser distance measuring device 4 and the prisms 9a and 9b (step 4). Steps 4 and 16 are means for calculating the position of the reference point of the main body. After measuring and calculating the self-position, in order to measure each measurement point 10, the calculator 5 obtains a projection angle at which the projection light is projected, in other words, an angle at which the laser distance measuring device 4 is turned. When the measurement point 10 is input to the computer 5 in advance, the projection angle is obtained using the coordinates of the measurement point 10.

  Alternatively, when the pair of prisms 9 is positioned on the molds on both sides of the road 11 and on the cross section of the road 11, the distance to the pair of prisms 9 is obtained and a line passing through the pair of prisms 9 therefrom. And a predetermined number of measurement points 10 are obtained on this line. In the case of FIG. 1, six measurement points 10 at equal intervals are illustrated as an example on a straight line 10a connecting the prism 9a and the prism 9b. Further, six measurement points 10 at equal intervals on the straight line 10b are shown as an example on the already-laid concrete surface. This measurement point 10 becomes the center of a cell 43 in FIG.

  As a result, the laser distance measuring device 4 can measure the site from the place where it is installed and display it on the design data. After these series of distance measurement, the height of the concrete slab finish can be managed. The concrete floor slab finish height management by the concrete slab finish height management apparatus 1 can be realized by performing the processing of each step from step 5 to step 9. First, when the height management of the finished concrete floor slab is started, the laser distance measuring device 4 does not use the prism 9 and the distance to each measurement point 10 on the ready-mixed concrete where the concrete is placed on the concrete placement site. Measurement is performed (step 5 and step 6).

  At this time, the laser distance measuring device 4 performs a measurement by automatically turning to the previously set measurement point 10 based on the design data. Step 6 is a means for obtaining a three-dimensional pole seat. The laser distance measuring device 4 can also perform measurement by automatically turning to the measurement point 10 received from the computer 5 and instructed. The road 11 at the work site is partitioned at predetermined intervals in the front-rear direction in which the road 11 extends corresponding to each measurement point 10 on the line connecting the left and right end positions. Measurement data measured by the laser distance measuring device 4 is transmitted to the computer 5.

  The calculator 5 performs calculation processing on the measurement data and converts it into a format that can be displayed on the display 31 (step 7). In step 7, the computer 5 compares the measurement data with the design data and calculates the height of the concrete slab finish. In other words, the design data, which is the height of the target surface of concrete placement, is compared with the measured value so that the progress of concrete placement can be grasped. In step 7, as described later, it is obtained as three-dimensional polar coordinates or three-dimensional coordinate data, and in the next step 8, it is displayed as a two-dimensional diagram as shown in FIG. 5, but it can also be displayed as a three-dimensional diagram. Data, which is a means for obtaining a three-dimensional figure.

  Then, the value calculated in step 7 is displayed on the display 31 (step 8). Next, the laser distance measuring device 4 determines whether or not the next measurement point 10 is to be measured (step 9), and in the case of measurement, steps 6 to 9 are repeated and the same processing is performed. The laser distance measuring device 4 measures one measurement point 10, calculates the height of the concrete floor slab finish with the computer 5, displays it on the display 31, and a series of operations to move to the next measurement are performed in terms of time. Although it is preferable to perform the process quickly, it is currently several seconds to several tens of seconds, preferably about 10 seconds.

  When the measurement of all the measurement points 10 scheduled for the measurement is completed, the computer 5 outputs data relating to the finished height of the concrete floor slab in a predetermined form format, which is output by a printer (not shown) or the like. Printing is performed (step 10). The drawing displayed on the display 31 may be output as it is. Furthermore, the computer 5 can also transmit this form output to the management center using a communication function. The form output can be performed at an arbitrary timing during the measurement.

  FIG. 5 is a display example of the display 31. The display 31 displays a first area 40 for displaying the height management of the finished concrete slab, a second area 41 for setting a measurement position, and a third area 42 for indicating a height index. The 1st field 40 displays field drawing 40a which shows the whole field which manages the height of concrete floor slab finish. The site map 40a is basically the above-described design data. The site map 40a is a two-dimensional diagram in this example, but can also be displayed as a three-dimensional diagram.

  The vertical length of the site map 40 a represents the road width of the site of the road 11, and the horizontal length of the site map 40 a represents the length of the site of the road 11. In the example of FIG. 5, the site map 40 a is displayed as cells 43 partitioned into 1 m vertical and horizontal areas on the display 31 along with the distance from the laser distance measuring device 4 from right to left. When the data of the measurement point 10 is input or calculated, the cell 43 is calculated and set by the calculator 5. The cell 43 is basically an area centered on one measurement point 10. Although the measurement point 10 is adjacent and has a predetermined distance, the measurement data at the measurement point 10 is displayed as a range of the cell 43 in order to make the display easy to understand.

  The measurement data at each measurement point 10 is obtained as three-dimensional polar coordinates or three-dimensional coordinate data. Further, from these measurement data, a three-dimensional diagram of the surface of the concrete placement is created, and the three-dimensional diagram of the field diagram 40a is obtained. It can be displayed overlaid on the figure. However, in the example of FIG. 5, only two dimensions are displayed. Since the measurement data is displayed in two dimensions in FIG. 5 and the difference data is also displayed, it can be handled as three dimensions when combined. The distance is displayed in the distance display area 44 as indicated by a dotted line, such as “2.0 m” above the first area.

  The second area 41 is for selecting and specifying a cell 43 at the site to be measured. Here, one check box is displayed in the first area 40 for the cells 43 that are vertically aligned on the paper. By marking this check box, one row of cells 43 to be measured can be designated. The first area 40 displays difference data, which is the difference in height between the surface on which the concrete is placed and the design data, according to the measurement result. Cells with the same height difference are displayed with the same hatching. An index that makes it easy to see the difference in height is the third region 42.

  In the example of FIG. 5, the difference in height is divided into 5 mm sections by vertical lines, horizontal lines, etc., and each cell 43 is hatched separately corresponding to the difference in height. “0 mm” in the third area 42 and the cell 43a in the first area 40 indicate that the height of the design data is the same as the surface on which the concrete is placed. In other words, it means that the concrete is finished and ready for finishing. The “over -30 mm” in the third area 42 and the cell 43 b in the first area 40 indicate that there is a difference between the surface on which the concrete is placed and the height of its design data exceeds 30 mm.

  In other words, it indicates that concrete has not yet been driven. A cell 43 between the cell 43a and the cell 43b indicates a site where the concrete is still being placed. The display corresponding to the difference in height can be displayed in different colors instead of the hatching of the cell 43. Of course, instead of this hatching, the difference in height can be displayed with numbers and symbols. In an actual site, when displayed on the display 31, it is easier to see the colors. For example, the difference in height of the third region 42 can be displayed in yellow, pink, purple, gray, light blue, and blue from the top. The hatching, color, and symbol indicating the meaning of the cell 43 displayed on the display 31 can be arbitrarily set by the user.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a form. The form 60 shows the progress status of the concrete placement site. In the form 60, a site for managing the height of the finished concrete slab is shown as an area 61. This corresponds to the first region 40 of FIG. For easy viewing, the vertical and horizontal sizes of the area 61 are displayed. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 62 indicates a region where the concrete floor slab finish is high, and reference numeral 63 indicates a region where the concrete floor slab finish is low. Here, the size of the triangle in the high region and the low region represents the ratio of the difference between the design data and the measured value, and the larger the triangle, the larger the difference between the design data and the measured value.

  Those corresponding to the cell 43 in FIG. 5 can be displayed as indicated by reference numeral 64. In addition, the height of the finished concrete slab can be displayed in different hatching or different colors depending on the difference in height in order to make it easy for the user to see. Also, the difference in height can be displayed with numbers and symbols. The form 60 has easy-to-read titles, management numbers, etc., as indicated by reference numeral 66. Further, as in area 65, the name of the construction site, the designer of the concrete slab, the person in charge of the site, the date and time of construction work, etc. can be displayed.

  The form 60 is used for printing and checking or storing. Further, the form 60 can be converted into an image or the like and transmitted to related persons such as an administrator by e-mail. In the flowchart showing the flow for managing the finished height of the concrete slab, pre-measurement was performed in step 2. However, when the design data is input in step 1, the measurement point 10 is input together with the design data in advance. The prior measurement in step 2 is not necessary. In this case, in FIG. 3, the measurement is performed in steps 1 and 3 to 10.

  Further, measurement is performed by automatically turning to a preset measurement point 10 based on the design data. In the prior measurement in step 2, for example, the left and right prisms 9 are measured while being sequentially moved along the road 11 from the positions of the left and right prisms 9e and 9f as shown in FIG. The left and right end positions are measured. The left and right end positions of the height management location are measured while moving the prism 9 at a predetermined distance such as every 1 m along the front-rear direction in which the road 11 extends, and the design data is stored in the auxiliary storage device 28 of the computer 5. Correspondingly stored.

  The measurement point 10 is set by dividing the line connecting the measured left and right end positions into desired intervals at equal intervals, and the laser distance measuring device 4 may be automatically turned toward the measurement point 10. Good. In addition, since the measurement data at the site is measured a plurality of times as the concrete placement progresses, the measured time data can also be stored in association with the measurement data. In this way, it is possible to grasp the change over time of concrete placement, and it can be used for business management such as road construction.

[Second Embodiment]
Hereinafter, a second embodiment of a concrete floor slab finish height management method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The second embodiment of the present invention is basically the same as the above-described first embodiment, and only different parts will be described here. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a flow of managing the concrete floor slab finish height in the concrete floor slab finish height management apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the second embodiment of the present invention, when there is no concrete floor slab design data, the height of the finished concrete floor slab is managed.

  In other words, the concrete floor slab finish height management device 1 manages the height of the concrete slab finish while measuring on-site without relying on the design data of the concrete slab. First, as in the first embodiment described above, there is no step corresponding to step 1 in which the design data of the concrete slab is input to the computer 5. First, devices such as the laser distance measuring device 4 and the prism 9 are installed (step 20). The laser range finder 4 is installed in an arbitrary place around the site where the entire site can be overlooked and measured. The prism 9 is installed on the concrete mold 3.

  At this time, the prism 9 is installed at a finished height of concrete placement. The concrete placement site is pre-measured by the laser distance measuring device 4 (step 21). In the pre-measurement, the distance to each prism 9 is measured, and the area surrounded by the measured points is set as a concrete floor slab finished height management place. Many prisms 9 are installed along the surface of the concrete mold 3, that is, along the side mold of the concrete mold 3. The area surrounded by the large number of prisms 9 is the entire site, and is the height management place for the finished concrete slab. The easiest method is to place a large number of a pair of prisms 9 at a predetermined interval along the place where concrete is placed, that is, along the formwork.

  Accordingly, in FIG. 1, the pair of prisms 9 are a prism 9a and a prism 9b, a prism 9c and a prism 9d, and a prism 9e and a prism 9f. The predetermined interval is a distance La between the prism 9b and the prism 9d and a distance Lb between the prism 9d and the prism 9f. The distance La and the distance Lb are basically equidistant, but when the road 11 is a downhill, uphill, or curved road, the distance between the prism 9 and the prism 9 may not be equal. Data measured from the laser distance measuring device 4 is transmitted to the computer 5.

  The calculator 5 calculates the measurement data of each prism 9 to calculate the field area and displays it on the display 31 (step 22). This field area corresponds to the design data of the first embodiment described above. This pre-measurement data is basically the height of the target surface that is the target for placing concrete. Thereafter, automatic measurement similar to that of the first embodiment is performed, and the concrete slab finish height management is performed. The laser distance measuring device 4 measures the distance to the prism 9 and the like, and the measured data is transmitted from the laser distance measuring device 4 to the computer 5, and the computer 5 calculates the self position (step 23).

  At least two prisms are measured when calculating the self-position, and the coordinates of the two prisms 9 are known. When these series of distance measurement are completed, it becomes possible to manage the height of the finished concrete slab (step 24). The concrete floor slab finish height management by the concrete slab finish height management device 1 can be realized by performing the processing from step 25 to step 28. The laser distance measuring device 4 measures the distance to each point on the concrete placement site without using the prism 9 (step 25).

  The laser range finder 4 performs measurement by automatically turning the measurement point 10 based on the data measured in advance in step 21. Alternatively, the laser distance measuring device 4 can also perform measurement by automatically turning the designated measurement point 10 received from the computer 5. The measurement points 10 are sectioned on the site and can be performed at predetermined intervals. In other words, the regions surrounded by the prisms measured in step 21 are divided at equal intervals at a desired interval, and a plurality of measurement points 10 are set at predetermined equal intervals in the left and right direction, that is, the width direction of the road 11 in the division. , Measured.

  Measurement data measured by the laser distance measuring device 4 is transmitted to the computer 5. The computer 5 calculates the measurement data (step 26) and displays it on the display 31 (step 27). At this time, the computer 5 compares this with the pre-measurement data, that is, the measurement data of the measurement point 10 and the measurement data of the prism 9 which is the finishing height of the concrete floor slab finishing height, and the concrete floor slab finishing height. This is calculated and displayed on the display 31. The laser distance measuring device 4 measures the next measurement point 10 and the same processing is performed (step 28). When the measurement is completed, the computer 5 outputs the data regarding the height of the concrete slab finish in the form of a form, which is printed by a printer (not shown) or the like (step 29).

  The drawing displayed on the display 31 may be output as it is. Furthermore, the computer 5 can transmit this form output to a management center or the like using a communication function. When the prism 9 is installed as described above, it can be installed at a predetermined distance with respect to the height of the concrete slab finish. By inputting this distance to the computer 5, the computer 5 automatically calculates and displays the height of the finished concrete slab. In other words, when the prism 9 is installed at a predetermined distance with respect to the finished height of the concrete slab, the height of the target surface targeted for concrete placement is calculated from the position of the prism 9 by the computer 5. Is automatically calculated and displayed on the display 31.

  As described above, according to the first and second embodiments of the concrete floor slab finish height management method of the present invention, the concrete floor slab finish height is automatically measured and set as the target. The difference from the height is obtained and displayed on the display 31. It is possible to check the progress of the concrete placement at a glance by checking the display 31 and the form at the concrete placement site manager, worker, and remote management center. In particular, when the area of the concrete slab is large, an error of 1 centimeter and several millimeters may not be confirmed with the naked eye of the operator or the site manager. I understand the shortage.

  In the past, at the concrete placement site, marks indicating the target height of the concrete floor slab finish were installed at intervals of several tens of centimeters, and the work was performed while measuring with the naked eye and ruler while placing the concrete. By using the concrete floor slab finish height management device 1, it is not necessary to install this mark, and the efficiency of work on site is greatly improved. Since the concrete floor slab finish height management device 1 automatically measures each point of concrete placement, the concrete floor slab finish height can be managed in units of 1 mm. When the concrete slab is uphill, downhill, or even on a distorted surface, the finished height of the concrete slab can be managed in 1 mm units.

  Thereby, the quality of concrete placement is greatly improved. Computerization has become possible, and it has become possible to immediately grasp the progress of concrete placement from a remote location such as a management center. Even in a road curve, when the road surface is not parallel to the ground but has an angle, it is preferable to set the measurement point 10 based on the design data. As described above, the present invention has a remarkable effect that the measurement point 10 can be set even when the shape of the road surface is complicated.

  The present invention is preferably used in fields such as civil engineering work for roads, highways, etc., and concrete placement for floors of large buildings.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Concrete slab finishing height management apparatus 2 ... Reinforcing bar 3 ... Formwork 4 ... Laser range finder 5 ... Calculator 9, 9a-9f ... Prism 11 ... Road 12 ... Bridge pier 20 ... CPU
21 ... RAM
22 ... ROM
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 23 ... Bus 24 ... Communication interface 25 ... Input interface 26 ... Output interface 27 ... Main body 28 ... Auxiliary storage device 29 ... Built-in power supply unit 30 ... Input device 31 ... Display 40 ... 1st area | region 41 ... 2nd area | region 42 ... 3rd area | region 43, 43a, 43b ... cell 60 ... form

Claims (4)

In order to construct a concrete floor slab, in concrete placement in which concrete is poured into a formwork,
A laser surveying instrument for measuring the surface height of the concrete slab placed during the concrete placement;
A calculator for calculating using the measured data;
An indicator for displaying the calculated result,
The concrete finish of the concrete floor slab is displayed on the indicator while displaying a difference in height between the target surface of the concrete placement target and the placement surface that is already placed. to manage is,
The position of the target surface is determined by placing a prism at a point serving as a reference for finishing the surface of the concrete floor slab and measuring the surface of the formwork with the laser rangefinder. How to manage the finished height of the plate. In claim 1,
The said indicator displays the difference between the said target surface and the said placement surface by the display which differs with a color display. The concrete slab finishing height management method characterized by the above-mentioned. In claim 2 ,
The laser range finder is
The body,
A biaxial rotation servo mechanism for two axes supported by the main body and orthogonal to each other;
A laser projector for projecting a laser beam supported by the two-axis rotation servomechanism;
A distance measuring device that receives reflected light reflected at a distance measurement target point and calculates a distance R between the reference point of the main body and the distance measurement point;
The calculator is
Means for calculating the position of the reference point of the main body from the first prism and the second prism which are the prisms installed in the vicinity of the mold;
Means for obtaining a three-dimensional polar coordinate of each point on the casting surface of the mold from a reference point of the main body;
Means for obtaining a three-dimensional view of the placement surface from the set of three-dimensional polar coordinates,
The display unit
The method for managing the finished height of a concrete slab characterized by displaying the three-dimensional view acquired from the calculator. In claim 3 ,
The indicator displays the three-dimensional polar coordinate and the concrete floor slab finish design data in an overlapping manner,
The calculator obtains a difference between the three-dimensional polar coordinates and the design data and outputs difference data,
The output difference data is identified and displayed by the display device according to the degree of the difference. A concrete floor slab finish height management method, wherein:

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