JP2004037419A - Tunnel control chart and its system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a tunnel control chart capable of grasping a secular change of a tunnel easily and visually. <P>SOLUTION: This tunnel control chart includes a base line (CL) for showing the line shape of a tunnel (2), a plurality of survey points [P(i)] set at prescribed intervals along the base line (CL) of the tunnel (2), and line segments having respectively the length corresponding to the section peripheral length (Di) calculated from the section measured at each survey point [P(i)] and extending in the direction perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to the base line (CL). An object (a changed state or a facility in the tunnel) including at least one of three-dimensional coordinate data is displayed on the control chart so that the three-dimensional coordinates can be specified by the distance from the base line (CL) and the distance from the survey point [P(i)]. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【００２４】
▲４▼現況展開図の表示：
コンピュータ１６で現況展開図の表示が指示されると、ＣＰＵ２２は記憶部２６の現況展開図描画データから周長中心座標Ｓ_ｃ（ｉ）：〔ｘ_ｃｊ、ｙ_ｃｊ、ｚ_ｃｊ〕を取り出す。また、周長中心座標のうち、二次元座標〔ｘ_ｃｊ、ｙ_ｃｊ〕を用いて二次元平面図に展開して中心線ＣＬを描画する。さらに、現況展開図描画データから周長長Ｄ_Ｌ（ｉ），Ｄ_Ｒ（ｉ）を取り出し、中心線の描かれている二次元平面図に周長線を展開する。このとき、各周長Ｄ_Ｌ（ｉ），Ｄ_Ｒ（ｉ）は、中心線ＣＬと直交又はほぼ直交する方向に向けて該中心線ＣＬから左右に伸ばして描かれる。続いて、平面図上に展開された周長Ｄ_Ｌ（ｉ），Ｄ_Ｒ（ｉ）の先端（両端）をそれぞれ繋ぎ合せて周長連結線Ｇ_Ｌ，Ｇ_Ｒを描く（図１０，１４参照）。なお、周長中心座標からスプリングラインＳＬまでの周長を計算し、その周長を現況展開図に併せて表示してもよい。この場合、周長中心座標からスプリングラインＳＬまでの周長、また各測点のスプリングラインＳＬを繋ぐ連結線のデータもまた現況展開図描画データとして記憶部２６に記憶される。
【００２５】
▲５▼ファイルの保存：
以上のようにして作成された現状展開図描画データは、測定日ごとに別のファイルとして保存することができる。また、現況展開図基本データも同様に、測定日ごとに別のファイルとして保存することができる。
【００２６】
▲６▼座標変換
以上のようにして作成された現況展開図を用いることにより、コンピュータ１６は、ディスプレイ１８上の出力画面に表示された二次元平面図上で指示された任意の点の三次元座標を与えることができる。例えば、ディスプレイ１８に描写された平面図上で、周長中心座標Ｓ_ｃ（ｉ）の点を入力部２２のポインティングデバイスによって指示すれば、演算部２６が指示点座標演算部２８で指示された点の座標Ｓ_ｃ（ｉ）の三次元座標データ〔ｘ_ｃｊ、ｙ_ｃｊ、ｚ_ｃｊ〕を与える。同様に、ディスプレイ１８に描写された平面図上で、周長Ｄ_Ｌ（ｉ），Ｄ_Ｒ（ｉ）の先端を適当なポインティングデバイスによって指示すれば、これらの点はＳ（１）、Ｓ（ｍ）の点に対応しているので、その指示された点が座標〔ｘ_１、ｙ_１、ｚ_１〕、〔ｘ_ｍ、ｙ_ｍ、ｚ_ｍ〕が得られる。
【００２７】
各周長Ｄ_Ｌ（ｉ），Ｄ_Ｒ（ｉ）を表す線分上における任意の点は、測点Ｐ（ｉ）上の対応する点（座標）を特定する。例えば、図１５に示す測点Ｐ（５）について、周長中心座標Ｓ_ｃ（５）から計測点Ｓ_（ｋ）〔座標既知点〕までの線分長Ｌ_（ｋ）は、当該計測点Ｓ_（ｋ）の座標（ｘ_ｋ、ｙ_ｋ、ｚ_ｋ）を特定する。同様に、測点Ｐ（５）について、周長中心座標Ｓ_ｃ（５）から計測点Ｓ_{（ｋ−１）}〔座標既知点〕までの線分長Ｌ_{（ｋ−１）}は、当該計測点Ｓ_{（ｋ−１）}の座標（ｘ_ｋ−１、ｙ_ｋ−１、ｚ_ｋ−１）を特定する。そして、測点Ｐ（５）について、周長中心座標Ｓ_ｃ（５）から計測点Ｓ_（ｋ）、Ｓ_{（ｋ−１）}の間にある任意の中間点Ｓ_{（ｋ／ｋ−１）}までの線分長Ｌ_{（ｋ／ｋ−１）}は、計測点Ｓ_（ｋ）の座標（ｘ_ｋ、ｙ_ｋ、ｚ_ｋ）と計測点Ｓ_{（ｋ−１）}の座標（ｘ_ｋ−１、ｙ_ｋ−１、ｚ_ｋ−１）を用い、以下の比例計算〔式（３）、（４）、（５）参照〕によって、この中間点Ｓ_{（ｋ／ｋ−１）}に対応する測点断面上の点の三次元座標（ｘ_{ｋ ／ｋ −１}、ｙ_{ｋ ／ｋ −１}、ｚ_{ｋ ／ｋ −１}）を近似的に特定する。

【００２８】
同様にして、別の測点Ｐ（４）上で指定された点は、この点に対応する三次元座標データを与える。
【００２９】
続いて、図１５に示すように、２つの隣接する測点〔例えば、測点Ｐ（４），Ｐ（５）〕の間にある任意の点（指示点Ｑ）の座標は、以下に説明する２つの方法（第１の方法又は第２の方法）のいずれかにより特定できる。
【００３０】
第１の方法は、指示点の座標に最も近い測点の三次元座標データを用いる方法（近接測点利用法）である。この方法では、図１５に示すように、コンピュータ１６に接続された画面上に表示された現況展開図において、マウス等のポインティングデバイスによって任意の点（指示点Ｑ）が指示されると、図１６に示すように、コンピュータ１６の演算部２４はまず、指示点Ｑが中心線ＣＬを境に左右いずれの領域にあるかを判断する（ステップＳ２１）。次に、現況展開図上で指示点Ｑに最も近い測点を特定する（ステップＳ２２）。図示する例の場合、指示点Ｑは測点Ｐ（４）に近いので、この測点Ｐ（４）が特定される。
【００３１】
この計算は、例えば図１７に示すように、指示点Ｑから隣接する２つの周長中心座標Ｓ_ｃ（ｉ）、Ｓ_ｃ（ｉ＋１）を結ぶ各直線を仮定し、指示点Ｑから各直線に対して垂線を下ろし、その垂線と直線との交点をＱ’とし、その交点Ｑ’が対応する２つの隣接する周長中心座標の間にあるか否によって、まず近接する２つの測点を特定する。例えば、図示する例の場合、指示点Ｑから周長中心座標Ｓ_ｃ（ｉ）、Ｓ_ｃ（ｉ＋１）を結ぶ直線（点線）に下ろした垂線と該直線との交点Ｑ’はこれら２つの周長中心座標Ｓ_ｃ（ｉ）、Ｓ_ｃ（ｉ＋１）を結ぶ領域の外側に存在するのに対し、指示点Ｑから周長中心座標Ｓ_ｃ（ｉ）、Ｓ_ｃ（ｉ−１）を結ぶ直線（点線）に下ろした垂線と該直線との交点Ｑ’はこれら２つの周長中心座標Ｓ_ｃ（ｉ）、Ｓ_ｃ（ｉ−１）の間に存在する。したがって、指示点Ｑは、測点Ｐ（ｉ）とＰ（ｉ−１）の間に存在することが分かる。次に、交点Ｑ’から周長中心座標Ｓ_ｃ（ｉ）、Ｓ_ｃ（ｉ−１）までの距離ｈ_ｉ，ｈ_ｉ−１を計算して比較し、距離の短い方の周長中心座標Ｓ_ｃ（ｉ）を指示点Ｑに最も近い測点として特定する。
【００３２】
図１５に戻り、演算部２４は、現況展開図上におけるＱＱ’の距離（長さ）Ｌｑを計算する（ステップＳ２３）。また、現況展開図描画データから呼び出した周長中心座標Ｓ_ｃ（ｉ）、Ｓ_ｃ（ｉ−１）と、交点Ｑ’から周長中心座標Ｓ_ｃ（ｉ）、Ｓ_ｃ（ｉ−１）までの距離ｈ_ｉ，ｈ_ｉ−１を用い、比例配分法によって交点Ｑ’の座標（ｘ_ｑ’、ｙ_ｑ’、ｚ_ｑ’）を計算する（ステップＳ２４）。
【００３３】
続いて、指示点Ｑに最も近い測点上において指示点Ｑに対応する点の座標を求める。例えば、図９に示すように、いま指示点Ｑが中心線ＣＬの左側領域にあって、測点Ｐ（４）が指示点Ｑに最も近い測点として特定された場合、現況展開図描画データから周長中心座標Ｓ_ｃ（４）と、同一測点上にあって指示点Ｑの存在する左側領域又は右側領域にある複数の計測点の座標を呼び出し、周長中心座標Ｓ_ｃ（４）から各計測点までの距離を順次計算すると共に、その計算値（距離）とＱＱ’の距離Ｌ_ｑとを比較する。いま、周長中心座標Ｓ_ｃ（４）から計測点Ｓ_（ｋ）までの距離Ｌ_（ｋ）はＱＱ’の距離Ｌ_ｑよりも短いが、周長中心座標Ｓ_ｃ（４）から計測点Ｓ_{（ｋ−１）}までの距離Ｌ_{（ｋ−１）}はＱＱ’の距離Ｌ_ｑよりも大きいと判断された場合、指示点Ｑに対応する点〔この対応点をＳ_{（ｋ／ｋ−１）}とする。〕は計測点Ｓ_（ｋ）とＳ_{（ｋ−１）}の間に存在することがわかる。そこで、演算部２４は上述した式（３）、（４）、（５）を用いて、これら距離Ｌ_ｑ、Ｌ_（ｋ）、Ｌ_{（ｋ−１）}及び計測点Ｓ_（ｋ）、Ｓ_{（ｋ−１）}の座標をもとに、対応点Ｓ_{（ｋ／ｋ−１）}の座標（ｘ_{ｋ ／ｋ −１}、ｙ_{ｋ ／ｋ −１}、ｚ_{ｋ ／ｋ −１}）を計算する。次に、この対応点Ｓ_{（ｋ／ｋ−１）}と、この対応点を含む測点Ｐ（４）の中心点座標Ｓ_ｃ（４）との三次元空間上における関係（ベクトル量）を求める（ステップＳ２６）。

最後に、このベクトル量と点Ｑ’の座標（ｘ_ｑ’、ｙ_ｑ’、ｚ_ｑ’）とを用いて、指示点Ｑの座標（ｘ_ｑ、ｙ_ｑ、ｚ_ｑ）を求める（ステップＳ２７）。
【００３４】
第２の方法は、指示点に隣接する２つの測点の三次元データを用いて内挿する方法（内挿法）である。この方法では、例えば指示点Ｑの両側にある２つの測点〔Ｐ（４），Ｐ（５）〕が特定される。次に、演算部２４は、指示点Ｑから中心線ＣＬに垂直に下ろした点をＱ’とし、現況展開図上におけるＱＱ’の距離（長さ）Ｌｑを計算する。続いて、２つの測点〔Ｐ（４），Ｐ（５）〕上にそれぞれあって、距離Ｌｑに対応する点（対応点Ｓ_{（ｋ／ｋ−１）}）の座標を上述のようにして求める。いま、測点Ｐ（４）における対応点の座標を（ｘ^（４） _{ｋ ／ｋ −１}、ｙ^（４） _{ｋ ／ｋ −１}、ｚ^（４） _{ｋ ／ｋ −１}）、測点Ｐ（５）における対応点の座標を（ｘ^（５） _{ｋ ／ｋ −１}、ｙ^（５） _{ｋ ／ｋ −１}、ｚ^（５） _{ｋ ／ｋ −１}）とする。そして、２つの測点上の対応点の座標値と、距離ｈ_４、ｈ_５の比を用いて、以下の式（５）、（６）、（７）により点Ｑの座標（ｘ_ｑ、ｙ_ｑ、ｚ_ｑ）を計算する。

【００３５】
したがって、上述のシステムによれば、コンピュータ１６のディスプレイ１８に表示されている現況展開図上で任意の点を指示すると、その指示された点に対応する三次元座標が得られる。
【００３６】
そのため、図１に示すようにコンピュータ１６とレーザ式トータルステーション１２が電気的に接続されている場合、ディスプレイ１８上で任意の点を指示すると、指示された点の座標をコンピュータ１６が上述のようにして計算し、その計算値に基づいて、トータルステーション１２から発信したレーザを、トンネル内面の対応する点に照射（投影）することができる。
【００３７】
（４）管理図のデータ構築：
管理図基本データは、図６に示す状態で、ファイル単位で記憶部２６に記憶されている。したがって、記憶部２６に記憶されているファイルを例えば属性ごとに抽出することができるし、また抽出されたファイルを経時的に組み替えることも可能である。したがって、以上のようにして作成された現況展開図上に、図１８に示すように、トンネルの内面に現れているクラック３２、漏水個所３４、コールドジョイント３６などの変状や、トンネルの内面に設置されている各種施設（例えば、照明）などを表示できる。
【００３８】
（５）管理図の作成：
現況展開図に変状等を同時に表示した変状管理図の作成について更に詳細に説明する。いま、図１９に示すように隣接する２つの測点Ｐ（４）とＰ（５）の間にクラック３２があり、このクラック３２について複数の点ｒ_１…ｒ_１３の座標（ｘ_１、ｙ_１、ｚ_１）…（ｘ_１３、ｙ_１３、ｚ_１３）が取得されて記憶されているものとする（図２０：ステップＳ３１）。
【００３９】
コンピュータ１６では、測定された点ｒ_１…ｒ_１３を現況展開図に展開するにあたって、図２１に示すように各点ｒ_１…ｒ_１３に対応した内空断面Ｒ^＊ _１…Ｒ^＊ _１３を仮想する（図２０：ステップＳ３２）。この仮想内空断面Ｒ^＊ _１…Ｒ^＊ _１３は、各点ｒ_１…ｒ_１３に最も近い測点の内空断面である。各点に最も近い測点は、図１７を参照して説明したように、隣接する２つの周長中心座標Ｓｃ_（ｉ），Ｓｃ_{（ｉ − １）}又は中心線座標Ｃ_（ｉ）、Ｃ_{（ｉ−１）}を結ぶ各線に各点からそれぞれ垂線を下ろし、次にこの垂線と中心線との交点の座標を求め、続いてこの交点とこれに隣接する２つの中心点座標との距離を求めて、それらの距離の短い方にある中心点を含む測点が最も近い測点として与えられる。
【００４０】
いま、点ｒ_５が測点Ｐ（５）よりもＰ（４）に近い場合、この点ｒ_５に対してＰ（４）の内空断面が仮想断面として与えられたとする。しかし、この内挿された仮想内空断面Ｒ^＊ _１…Ｒ^＊ _１３は、測点ｒ_１…ｒ_１３が実際に存在する現実の内空断面Ｒ_１…Ｒ_１３と異なる。そこで、コンピュータ１６は、図２１に示すように、中心線上の点ｔ_ｉと、測点ｒ^＊ _ｉとを結ぶ線Ｔ_ｉを仮定し、この線と仮想内空断面との交点に新たな仮想点ｒ^＊ _１…ｒ^＊ _１３を設定すると共に、これら仮想点ｒ^＊ _１…ｒ^＊ _１３の座標（ｘ^＊ _１、ｙ^＊ _１、ｚ^＊ _１）…（ｘ^＊ _１３、ｙ^＊ _１３、ｚ^＊ _１３）を演算する（図２０：ステップＳ３５）。
【００４１】
次に、コンピュータ１６は、仮想点ｒ^＊ _１…ｒ^＊ _１３の座標（ｘ^＊ _１、ｙ^＊ _１、ｚ^＊ _１）…（ｘ^＊ _１３、ｙ^＊ _１３、ｚ^＊ _１３）をもとに、対応する仮想内空断面Ｒ^＊ _１…Ｒ^＊ _１３上における周長Ｌ^＊ _１…Ｌ^＊ _１３を演算し（図２０：ステップＳ３４）、その長さに対応する点を現況展開図Ａにプロットし（図２０：ステップＳ３５）、プロットされた複数の点を繋ぎ合わせてクラックを表示し、管理図を得る。
【００４２】
なお、以上の説明ではトータルステーションで視準した点に最も近い測点を特定し、その特定された断面のデータを用いて現況展開図上における周長を求めたが、上述した内挿法と同様の方法により、視準点に近い２つの断面のデータを用いて周長を演算することもできる。
【００４３】
このようにして、トータルステーション１２で視準されたトンネル上の任意の点は、現況展開図Ａ上に表示されると共に、トンネル内に存在する変状や施設はすべて現況展開図上に表示することができる。
【００４４】
また、以上の説明では基線としてトンネル中心線ＣＬを用いたが、この基線として覆工面の端部であるＳ（１）又はＳ（ｍ）を用いることもできる。
【００４５】
このようにして得られた管理図は、上述のように現況展開図上の任意の点をポインティングデバイスで指示すればその点の三次元座標が得られるので、例えば管理図上に表示されたクラックの始点又は終点若しくはそれらの間の任意の点をポインティングデバイスで指示すれば、その指示された点の三次元座標が得られる。また、コンピュータ１６とトータルステーション１２を接続すれば、コンピュータ１６で形成された三次元座標に対応するトンネル内の点を、トータルステーション１２で視準できる。したがって、図２３に示すように、ある日時に計測されたクラックが始点（ｘ_１、ｙ_１、ｚ_１）から終点（ｘ_ｎ、ｙ_ｎ、ｚ_ｎ）までのものであり、その時点からある期間が経過した後の時点までの間にクラックが成長している場合、現場で前回（上記の「ある日時」に）計測されたクラックの終点（ｘ_ｎ、ｙ_ｎ、ｚ_ｎ）を視覚的に確認することは不能であるが、本システムによれば前回の計測によって得られたクラック終端の座標データに基づき、その点を現場にレーザ等で指示（投影）することができる。そのため、前回計測されたクラック終点（ｘ_ｎ、ｙ_ｎ、ｚ_ｎ）から現在のクラック終点までの（ｘ_ｍ、ｙ_ｍ、ｚ_ｍ）のクラック部分だけを確実に計測できる。また、新たに計測されたクラック部分の座標データを別のファイルとして保存できる。さらに、ファイルに記録されている時間データをもとに、前回計測されたクラック部分と今回計測されたクラック部分を異なる色で表示することもできる。
【００４６】
クラック以外のトンネル内の変状（例えば、漏水箇所、剥落、吹付など）や、トンネル内の施設（例えば、電話、消火栓、配電盤、照明灯な）についても同様に現況管理図上に表示した変状／施設管理図を得ることができるとともに、変状／施設管理図上に表示された変状又は施設を指示すれば、その指示された変状／施設に対応する三次元座標が計算されるとともに、この計算された座標に対応する実際の点がトータルステーションで現場に投影できる。
【００４７】
また、コンピュータ１６には、トンネル内の変状や施設をデジタルカメラで撮影した画像データを、その画像データに対応する変状又は施設と対応づけて記憶するとともに、トンネル管理図上に変状又は施設と同時に写真の存在を示すマークを表示し、この表示されたマークが指定されたときに対応する画像を表示するようにしてもよい。
【００４８】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明によれば、管理図から該管理図上に表示された対象（変状又は施設）の三次元座標を得ることができる。また、対象が時間データを有する場合、異なる時間データを有する対象（変状又は施設）を区別して表示することができる。そのため、トンネルの経年的な変化を容易に、しかも視覚的に把握することができる。その結果、トンネルの危険度を客観的に判断できるとともに、補修及び危険回避処置を即座に行うことができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係るシステムの概略構成を示す図。
【図２】現況展開図及び現況管理図を作成するまでの工程を示す図。
【図３】トータルステーションから得られるデータを処理するコンピュータの構成を示す図。
【図４】現況測量のデータを示す図。
【図５】クラックの座標を取得する状態を示す図。
【図６】変状／施設測量データの構成を示す図。
【図７】トータルステーションから得られるデータを処理するコンピュータの入力部（接触式入力画面）の構成を示す図。
【図８】トータルステーションから得られるデータを処理する別のコンピュータの構成を示す図。
【図９】トンネルの斜視図。
【図１０】トンネル現況展開図。
【図１１】トンネル現況展開図の作成プロセスを示すフローチャート。
【図１２】図５のフローチャートと共にトンネル現況展開図の作成プロセスを示す図。
【図１３】図６と共にトンネル現況展開図の作成プロセスを示す図。
【図１４】図５，６と共にトンネル現況展開図の作成プロセスを示す図。
【図１５】トンネル現況展開図上の任意点の三次元座標計算を説明する図。
【図１６】図９と共にトンネル現況展開図上の任意点の三次元座標計算を説明する図。
【図１７】指示点に最も近い測点を特定する方法を説明する図。
【図１８】クラック等の変状を表示したトンネル現況展開図。
【図１９】クラックの表示方法を説明する図。
【図２０】図１９と共にクラックの表示方法を説明する図。
【図２１】図１９、図２０と共にクラックの表示方法を説明する図。
【図２２】図１９〜図２１と共にクラックの表示方法を説明する図。
【図２３】クラックの測量を説明する図。
【符号の説明】
Ａ：現況展開図
２：トンネル
４：舗装面
６：覆工面
１０：システム
１２：コンピュータ
１４：トータルステーション
１６：ディスプレイ
５：プリンタ[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tunnel management chart and a system for electronically recording a tunnel deformation (a crack or the like) and a facility in a tunnel (a lighting lamp or the like) in a current development view of the tunnel.
[0002]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Some live loads act on structures built on the earth, and they deform over time. In particular, tunnels constructed by excavating rock are subjected to large loads (earth pressure, hydraulic pressure, dynamic loads due to crustal deformation), and the degree of deformation is more diverse than other structures. . In addition, the aging and deformation of the tunnels cause the sidewalls to fall off or collapse, which may lead to a major disaster.
[0003]
On the other hand, in order to properly maintain and repair tunnels with a risk of collapse or the like, it is necessary to grasp in advance the degree of aging and deformation of the tunnel based on accurate positional information. However, for the existing tunnels of about 13,000 to 14,000 (total length: about 12,000 km (excluding sewer tunnels)) existing in Japan, accurate current development maps based on actual measurements have not been created. In addition, it is only possible to see the current development of paper, in which the design drawings used during construction are slightly modified (for example, cracks and water leakage points). In addition, the existing development map only describes the deformations visually observed by the creator, so it does not represent the exact shape, size, and position, and is used for preparing maintenance and repair plans. However, there is a problem that it cannot be a sufficient judgment material. Further, since the coordinates on the existing development map do not accurately reflect the actual coordinate information, there is a problem that the points displayed on the drawing cannot be developed in the actual tunnel. Further, the present development diagram ignores the line shape of the tunnel, and the line including the curved portion is also drawn straight. For this reason, there is a problem that it is not possible to easily confirm on the site where the deformation depicted in the current status development map is located in the tunnel. Furthermore, since the deformation displayed on the present status development map does not have accurate position information (three-dimensional coordinates), there is a problem that a change of the deformation over time cannot be grasped.
[0004]
Summary of the Invention
The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and the tunnel control chart of the present invention is:
A base line (CL) representing the alignment of the tunnel (2), a plurality of measuring points [P (i)] set at predetermined intervals along the base line (CL) of the tunnel (2), and Two-dimensional including a line segment having a length corresponding to the cross-sectional circumference (Di) calculated from the cross-section measured in [P (i)] and extending in a direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the base line (CL). In the plan view,
An object including at least one piece of three-dimensional coordinate data is displayed using a distance from the base line (CL) and a distance from the measurement point [P (i)].
[0005]
A tunnel management chart according to another embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the object includes time data, and a plurality of objects having different time data are displayed in different modes.
[0006]
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tunnel management system comprising:
A base line (CL) representing the alignment of the tunnel (2), a plurality of measuring points [P (i)] set at predetermined intervals along the base line (CL) of the tunnel (2), and Current state of the tunnel including a line segment having a length corresponding to the cross-sectional perimeter (Di) calculated from the cross-section measured in [P (i)] and extending in a direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the base line (CL). First storage means for storing a development view;
Second storage means for storing data including three-dimensional coordinates for specifying an attribute of a deformation or facility in the tunnel and specifying a spatial position of the deformation or facility specified by the attribute;
First display means for displaying the tunnel current status development map stored in the first storage means;
On the basis of the data stored in the second storage means, the deformation or facility in the tunnel is displayed in the tunnel current status development map from the distance from the base line (CL) and the measurement point [P (i)]. And second display means for displaying the three-dimensional coordinates in a state where the three-dimensional coordinates can be specified by the distance.
[0007]
A tunnel management system according to another aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the data includes time and a plurality of changes having different times are displayed in different modes.
[0008]
A tunnel management system according to another aspect of the present invention includes: means for acquiring three-dimensional coordinate data corresponding to a designated point on the tunnel status map;
Means for specifying a point in the tunnel corresponding to the acquired three-dimensional coordinate data.
[0009]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a description will be given of a current state development diagram (or a deformation management diagram) of a tunnel and a system for creating the same according to the present invention.
[0010]
(1) System configuration:
The configuration of a system required to create a tunnel current status development diagram will be described. As shown in FIG. 1, a system 10 for creating a current state development view and a deformation control chart of the tunnel 2 includes a total station 12 which is a surveying device, and coordinate data measured by the laser type total station 12 connected to the total station 12. Is stored in the portable small computer 14. The total station 12 can be connected to, for example, a notebook-type or desktop-type computer 16. Based on the coordinate data output from the computer 16, an actual point corresponding to the coordinate data is indicated on the spot by a laser. You can also. Further, the small computer 14 can be connected to the computer 16, and the measurement data acquired by the small computer 14 can be transferred to the computer 16. Then, based on the measurement data transferred from the small-sized computer 14, the computer 16 creates a current situation development map and a management chart A based on a program stored in the computer 16, and displays them on the display 18. Can be.
[0011]
(2) Working process:
An outline procedure for creating the present situation development map and the control chart A will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, this procedure includes (1) basic survey, (2) current survey, (3) deformation survey, and (4) data construction steps.
[0012]
(1) Basic survey:
The basic survey includes a survey of a tunnel to be surveyed, a reference point survey, and a level survey. At the time of this reference survey, the mechanical coordinates of the total station 12 can be measured using an existing reference point, or the position is measured by receiving and analyzing radio waves from a plurality of artificial satellites orbiting the earth. Global Positioning System (GPS) can also be used. Then, the alignment / cross section of the tunnel 2 is determined based on the measurement data of the basic survey.
[0013]
(2) Survey of current situation:
The present survey is to measure the inner section of the tunnel 2 at a plurality of measuring points P (1)... P (n) set at appropriate intervals along the center line of the tunnel 2. The current situation development map is created using the data obtained by the survey. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, in the current survey, each of the measuring points P (1)... P (n) set in the tunnel 2 at the time of the basic survey is on each measuring point P (i). Acquire three-dimensional coordinate data (three-dimensional inner space section data, three-dimensional position information) (x, y, z) of a large number of measurement points S (1)... S (m). At this time, the total station 12 acquires the oblique distance from the total station 12 (machine coordinates) to the measurement point in the tunnel, a vertical angle (elevation angle or depression angle), and a horizontal angle from a reference point (not shown). The data (oblique distance, vertical angle, horizontal angle) acquired by the total station 12 is stored in the computer 14 together with data (measurement number) specifying the measurement point P (i). As shown in FIG. 3, the computer 14 includes an arithmetic unit (CPU), an input unit, an output unit, a storage unit, a timer, and a communication unit, similarly to a normal computer. Point three-dimensional coordinate data S (j): (x_j, Y_j, Z_j) [See FIG. 4] is temporarily stored in the storage unit, and later transmitted to the computer 16 as necessary. In the current survey, coordinate data and image data on various facilities (hydrants, telephones, etc.) installed inside the tunnel 2 are also acquired. The acquired data is transmitted to the computer 14 and stored in the storage unit. The data stored in the storage unit is stored as one file for one measured facility, and each file includes a file number, an attribute (facility type), a measurement time (start or end date and time), and coordinate data. included.
[0014]
(3) Deformation survey:
The deformation survey acquires coordinate data (three-dimensional data) relating to a deformation such as a crack or water leak occurring on the wall surface of the tunnel 2, and a control chart is created using the obtained data. . Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5, in the deformation survey, three-dimensional coordinate data of various deformations existing in the tunnel 2 is acquired. For example, when acquiring the coordinate data of a crack, the coordinates (x₁, Y₁, Z₁)-(X_n, Y_n, Z_n) To get. Note that (x₀, Y₀, Z₀) Are the machine coordinates of the total station 12. The acquired coordinate data is transmitted to the computer 14 and stored in the storage unit. As shown in FIG. 6, the data stored in the storage unit is stored as one file for one measured deformation, and each file has a file number, an attribute (type of deformation or facility), and a measurement time. (Start or end date and time) and coordinate data.
[0015]
In order to store data in such a format, the computer 14 is specially designed. For example, as shown in FIG. A plurality of attribute selection buttons 12a, a start button 12b, a coordinate data acquisition button 12c, and an end button 12d are provided. Then, as shown in FIG. 5, when acquiring the data of the crack 20, a crack selection button is pressed from the attribute selection buttons 12a. Next, the starting point of the crack 20 is collimated in the total station 12, and the coordinate data acquisition button 12c is pressed. Thereby, the coordinate data (x₁, Y₁, Z₁) Is obtained. Subsequently, the next point of the crack 20 is collimated again by the total station 12, and the coordinate data acquisition button 12c is pressed. Thereby, the coordinate data (x₂, Y₂, Z₂) Is obtained. The above operation is repeated, and when the coordinate data up to the crack end is acquired, the end button 12d is pressed. As a result, as shown in FIG. 6, one file is created for the crack 20, and the file number, the attribute (crack), the date and time when the start button or the end button is pressed, and the coordinate data (x₁, Y₁, Z₁)-(X_n, Y_n, Z_n) Is stored.
[0016]
(4) Data construction:
The data construction is a process of processing data obtained by the current state survey and the deformation survey, and constructing data necessary for creating a current state development map and a control chart.
[0017]
(3) Data construction of the current situation development map:
(1) Computer configuration:
Various data stored in the computer 14 is transmitted to another computer 16, processed in accordance with a program stored in the computer 16, and processed into creation data of a development chart and a control chart. As shown in FIG. 8, the computer 16 has a CPU 22, an arithmetic unit 24, and a storage unit 26. It is stored as condition control chart basic data. Further, the arithmetic unit 24 stores a program for creating a current situation development diagram based on the current situation development diagram basic data, and a program for creating a deformation management chart based on the variation management chart basic data.
[0018]
2) Tunnel present situation development diagram
The current state of development of the tunnel will be described. First, FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a typical tunnel 2 three-dimensionally, and FIG. 10 is a present situation development view A in which the present situation of the tunnel 2 shown in FIG. 9 is developed in a two-dimensional coordinate system. In this present situation development diagram A, a center line CL is displayed as a base line of the tunnel 2. Therefore, the horizontal alignment of the tunnel 2 can be understood from the current development diagram A. Further, in the present situation development diagram A, the measurement points P (1)... P (n) and the measurement points P (i) set at appropriate intervals along the center line CL of the tunnel 2 are shown. The section circumference D (i) calculated based on the obtained section shape is described. As a matter of course, since the current development diagram is obtained by reducing the actual length to an appropriate scale, the length of the line segment drawn on the drawing is reduced to the actual circumference D (i). Is multiplied by. In addition, as described in detail below, in this specification, the “perimeter” refers to a tunnel cross section cut by a plane perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the tunnel center line CL, as shown in FIG. Means the length of the lining surface 6 excluding the length of the pavement surface 4. In FIG. 10, a line indicated by reference numeral 8 indicates a curved arch portion on the lining surface 6 and a spring line which is a maximum width portion of the curved arch portion, and the spring line SL is also displayed in the current state development diagram A. You can also.
[0019]
(3) Preparation of current status development map:
The present situation development diagram A is created according to the processing of FIG.
[0020]
Step S1 [acquisition of three-dimensional data]:
As described above, for each measurement point P (i) based on the current survey, the three-dimensional coordinate data (three-dimensional inner space) of a large number of measurement points S (1). The section data and the three-dimensional position information) (x, y, z) are acquired from the basic data of the current development view in the storage unit 26.
[0021]
Step S2 [determination of center line]:
The center line CL of the tunnel 2 is determined. Specifically, for each measurement point P (i), coordinates (x) which is three-dimensional data of measurement points S (1) and S (m) at the boundary between the pavement surface 4 and the lining surface 6₁, Y₁, Z₁), (X_m, Y_m, Z_m), The tunnel center line CL is determined by a regression calculation well known in the field of tunnel surveying. Also, the center line coordinates C (i) [x of each measurement point P (i) on the tunnel center line CL_ci, Y_ci, Z_ci] Is calculated. The calculated center line coordinates are stored in the storage unit 26 as current state development view drawing data.
[0022]
Step S3 [Calculation of circumference center coordinates]:
As shown in FIG. 12, the center line coordinates C (i) [x_ci, Y_ci, Z_ci] Is calculated. Next, the coordinates of the two measurement points S (j) and S (j + 1) in the vicinity of the vertical line are extracted from the basic data of the current development diagram. Subsequently, a straight line passing through the measurement points S (j) and S (j + 1) (a straight line indicated by a dotted line in FIG. 6) is calculated. Then, the coordinates of a point on the straight line that intersects with the vertical line or a point closest to the vertical line are obtained, and this point is defined as the circumferential center coordinate S_c(I): [x_cj, Y_cj, Z_cj] Is stored in the storage unit 26 as the current state development view drawing data.
[0023]
Step S4 [Calculation of circumference]:
As shown in FIG. 13, the circumference center coordinates S calculated for each measurement point P (i)_c(I): [x_cj, Y_cj, Z_cj] To the measurement points S (1) and S (m)_L(I), D_RCalculate (i). This calculation [see equations (1) and (2)] is based on the circumference center coordinates S_c(I): [x_ci, Y_ci, Z_ci] And three-dimensional data (x₁, Y₁, Z₁) ... (x_m, Y_m, Z_m). The calculated circumference is stored in the storage unit 24 as the current state development drawing data.

[0024]
(4) Display of current status development map:
When the computer 16 instructs the display of the current state development view, the CPU 22 determines the circumference center coordinates S from the current state development view drawing data in the storage unit 26._c(I): [x_cj, Y_cj, Z_cj]. In addition, two-dimensional coordinates [x_cj, Y_cj] To develop a two-dimensional plan view and draw the center line CL. Further, the circumference length D is calculated from the current development diagram drawing data._L(I), D_R(I) is taken out and a perimeter line is developed in a two-dimensional plan view in which the center line is drawn. At this time, each circumference D_L(I), D_R(I) is drawn extending leftward and rightward from the center line CL in a direction orthogonal or substantially orthogonal to the center line CL. Next, the perimeter D developed on the plan view_L(I), D_R(I) The ends (both ends) are connected to each other to form a circumferential connection line G_L, G_R(See FIGS. 10 and 14). Note that the circumference from the center coordinates of the circumference to the spring line SL may be calculated, and the circumference may be displayed together with the current development diagram. In this case, the circumference from the circumference center coordinates to the spring line SL, and the data of the connection line connecting the spring line SL of each measurement point are also stored in the storage unit 26 as the current development view drawing data.
[0025]
▲ 5 ▼ File saving:
The current development view drawing data created as described above can be saved as a separate file for each measurement date. Similarly, the basic data of the current state development map can be similarly saved as a separate file for each measurement date.
[0026]
(6) Coordinate transformation
By using the current state development diagram created as described above, the computer 16 can give the three-dimensional coordinates of an arbitrary point designated on the two-dimensional plan view displayed on the output screen on the display 18. it can. For example, on the plan view depicted on the display 18, the circumference center coordinates S_cWhen the point (i) is indicated by the pointing device of the input unit 22, the calculation unit 26 calculates the coordinates S of the point designated by the designated point coordinate calculation unit 28._c(I) three-dimensional coordinate data [x_cj, Y_cj, Z_cj〕give. Similarly, on the plan view depicted on the display 18, the perimeter D_L(I), D_RIf the tip of (i) is indicated by an appropriate pointing device, these points correspond to the points of S (1) and S (m), and the point indicated is the coordinate [x₁, Y₁, Z₁], [X_m, Y_m, Z_m] Is obtained.
[0027]
Each circumference D_L(I), D_RAn arbitrary point on the line segment representing (i) specifies a corresponding point (coordinate) on the measurement point P (i). For example, for the measurement point P (5) shown in FIG._{c (5)}From measurement point S_(K)Line segment length L to [coordinate known point]_(K)Is the measurement point S_(K)Coordinates (x_k, Y_k, Z_k). Similarly, for the measurement point P (5), the circumference center coordinate S_{c (5)}From measurement point S_(K-1)Line segment length L to [coordinate known point]_(K-1)Is the measurement point S_(K-1)Coordinates (x_k-1, Y_k-1, Z_k-1). Then, for the measurement point P (5), the circumference center coordinates S_{c (5)}From measurement point S_(K), S_(K-1)Any intermediate point S between_{(K / k-1)}Line segment length L up to_{(K / k-1)}Is the measurement point S_(K)Coordinates (x_k, Y_k, Z_k) And measurement point S_(K-1)Coordinates (x_k-1, Y_k-1, Z_k-1) And the following proportional calculation [see equations (3), (4), and (5)]._{(K / k-1)}Three-dimensional coordinates (x_{k / K -1}, Y_{k / K -1}, Z_{k / K -1}) Is approximately specified.

[0028]
Similarly, a point designated on another measurement point P (4) gives three-dimensional coordinate data corresponding to this point.
[0029]
Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 15, the coordinates of an arbitrary point (designated point Q) between two adjacent measurement points [for example, measurement points P (4) and P (5)] are described below. It can be specified by one of the two methods (the first method or the second method).
[0030]
The first method is a method that uses three-dimensional coordinate data of a measurement point closest to the coordinates of the designated point (proximity measurement point utilization method). In this method, as shown in FIG. 15, when an arbitrary point (pointed point Q) is pointed by a pointing device such as a mouse in a current state development view displayed on a screen connected to the computer 16, FIG. As shown in (1), the computing unit 24 of the computer 16 first determines whether the designated point Q is located on the left or right of the center line CL (step S21). Next, a measurement point closest to the designated point Q on the current development diagram is specified (step S22). In the illustrated example, the designated point Q is close to the measurement point P (4), and thus the measurement point P (4) is specified.
[0031]
This calculation is performed, for example, as shown in FIG._c(I), S_cAssuming each straight line connecting (i + 1), a perpendicular line is drawn down from the designated point Q to each straight line, and an intersection of the perpendicular and the straight line is defined as Q ′, and the intersection Q ′ corresponds to two adjacent circumferential centers. First, two adjacent measuring points are specified depending on whether or not they are between the coordinates. For example, in the case of the illustrated example, the circumference center coordinate S_c(I), S_cThe intersection Q 'between the perpendicular drawn down to the straight line (dotted line) connecting (i + 1) and the straight line is defined by these two circumferential center coordinates S_c(I), S_c(I + 1) is located outside the region connecting it, while the center point S_c(I), S_cThe intersection Q 'between the perpendicular drawn down to the straight line (dotted line) connecting (i-1) and the straight line is defined by these two circumferential center coordinates S_c(I), S_cIt exists during (i-1). Therefore, it is understood that the designated point Q exists between the measurement points P (i) and P (i-1). Next, from the intersection Q ', the circumference center coordinates S_c(I), S_cDistance h to (i-1)_i, H_i-1Is calculated and compared, and the peripheral center coordinate S of the shorter distance is calculated._c(I) is specified as a measurement point closest to the designated point Q.
[0032]
Returning to FIG. 15, the calculation unit 24 calculates the distance (length) Lq of QQ ′ on the current development diagram (step S <b> 23). Also, the circumference center coordinate S called from the current state development drawing data._c(I), S_c(I-1) and the circumference center coordinate S from the intersection Q '_c(I), S_cDistance h to (i-1)_i, H_i-1And the coordinates (x_{q '}, Y_{q '}, Z_{q '}) Is calculated (step S24).
[0033]
Subsequently, coordinates of a point corresponding to the designated point Q on the measurement point closest to the designated point Q are obtained. For example, as shown in FIG. 9, when the designated point Q is in the left area of the center line CL and the measuring point P (4) is specified as the measuring point closest to the designated point Q, the current state development map drawing data From the circumference center coordinate S_c(4), the coordinates of a plurality of measurement points in the left area or the right area where the designated point Q is present on the same measurement point are called, and the circumference center coordinates S_cThe distance from (4) to each measurement point is sequentially calculated, and the calculated value (distance) and the distance L of QQ 'are calculated._qCompare with Now, the circumference center coordinate S_{c (4)}From measurement point S_(K)Distance L to_(K)Is the distance L of QQ '_qShorter than the circumference center coordinate S_{c (4)}From measurement point S_(K-1)Distance L to_(K-1)Is the distance L of QQ '_qIf it is determined that the corresponding point is larger than the point corresponding to the designated point Q_{(K / k-1)}And ] Is the measurement point S_(K)And S_(K-1)It can be seen that it exists between. Therefore, the arithmetic unit 24 calculates the distance L by using the above-described equations (3), (4), and (5)._q, L_(K), L_(K-1)And measurement point S_(K), S_(K-1), The corresponding point S_{(K / k-1)}Coordinates (x_{k / K -1}, Y_{k / K -1}, Z_{k / K -1}) Is calculated. Next, the corresponding point S_{(K / k-1)}And the center coordinate S of the measuring point P (4) including the corresponding point_{c (4)}Is obtained in the three-dimensional space (vector quantity) (step S26).

Finally, the vector quantity and the coordinates (x_{q '}, Y_{q '}, Z_{q '}) And the coordinates (x_q, Y_q, Z_q) Is obtained (step S27).
[0034]
The second method is a method of interpolating using three-dimensional data of two measurement points adjacent to the designated point (interpolation method). In this method, for example, two measurement points [P (4), P (5)] on both sides of the designated point Q are specified. Next, the calculation unit 24 calculates a distance (length) Lq of QQ 'on the current development diagram, with a point vertically lowered from the designated point Q to the center line CL as Q'. Subsequently, points corresponding to the distance Lq (corresponding points S) on the two measurement points [P (4), P (5)], respectively._{(K / k-1)}Is obtained as described above. Now, let the coordinates of the corresponding point at the measuring point P (4) be (x⁽⁴⁾ _{k / K -1}, Y⁽⁴⁾ _{k / K -1}, Z⁽⁴⁾ _{k / K -1}), The coordinates of the corresponding point at the measurement point P (5) are (x⁽⁵⁾ _{k / K -1}, Y⁽⁵⁾ _{k / K -1}, Z⁽⁵⁾ _{k / K -1}). Then, the coordinate value of the corresponding point on the two measurement points and the distance h₄, H₅And the coordinates (x) of the point Q by the following equations (5), (6), and (7)._q, Y_q, Z_q) Is calculated.

[0035]
Therefore, according to the above-described system, when an arbitrary point is designated on the current development view displayed on the display 18 of the computer 16, three-dimensional coordinates corresponding to the designated point are obtained.
[0036]
Therefore, when the computer 16 and the laser type total station 12 are electrically connected as shown in FIG. 1, when an arbitrary point is designated on the display 18, the computer 16 changes the coordinates of the designated point as described above. Based on the calculated value, the laser transmitted from the total station 12 can be irradiated (projected) to a corresponding point on the inner surface of the tunnel.
[0037]
(4) Control chart data construction:
The control chart basic data is stored in the storage unit 26 in file units in the state shown in FIG. Therefore, the files stored in the storage unit 26 can be extracted, for example, for each attribute, and the extracted files can be rearranged over time. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 18, the cracks 32, water leaks 34, cold joints 36, etc. appearing on the inner surface of the tunnel, and the inner surface of the tunnel Various installed facilities (for example, lighting) can be displayed.
[0038]
(5) Creating a control chart:
The creation of the deformation control chart in which the deformation and the like are simultaneously displayed on the current state development diagram will be described in more detail. Now, as shown in FIG. 19, there is a crack 32 between two adjacent measurement points P (4) and P (5), and a plurality of points r₁... r₁₃Coordinates (x₁, Y₁, Z₁) ... (x₁₃, Y₁₃, Z₁₃) Is acquired and stored (FIG. 20: step S31).
[0039]
In the computer 16, the measured point r₁... r₁₃In developing the current state development map, as shown in FIG.₁... r₁₃Hollow section R corresponding to^* ₁... R^* ₁₃(FIG. 20: step S32). This virtual inner space section R^* ₁... R^* ₁₃Is the point r₁... r₁₃This is the inner space section of the measurement point closest to. The measuring point closest to each point is, as described with reference to FIG. 17, two adjacent circumference center coordinates Sc_(I), Sc_{(I − 1)}Or center line coordinate C_(I), C_(I-1)Are drawn from each point on each line connecting the points, and then the coordinates of the intersection of this perpendicular and the center line are obtained, and then the distance between this intersection and the coordinates of two adjacent center points is obtained, and The station including the center point at the shorter distance is given as the closest station.
[0040]
Now, the point r₅Is closer to P (4) than to measuring point P (5), this point r₅Suppose that the inner cross section of P (4) is given as a virtual cross section. However, this interpolated virtual hollow section R^* ₁... R^* ₁₃Is the measurement point r₁... r₁₃Interior cross section R where₁... R₁₃And different. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 21, the computer 16 calculates a point t on the center line._iAnd the measurement point r^* _iLine T connecting_iAnd a new virtual point r is set at the intersection of this line and the virtual inner space section.^* ₁... r^* ₁₃And set these virtual points r^* ₁... r^* ₁₃Coordinates (x^* ₁, Y^* ₁, Z^* ₁) ... (x^* ₁₃, Y^* ₁₃, Z^* ₁₃) (FIG. 20: step S35).
[0041]
Next, the computer 16 calculates the virtual point r^* ₁... r^* ₁₃Coordinates (x^* ₁, Y^* ₁, Z^* ₁) ... (x^* ₁₃, Y^* ₁₃, Z^* ₁₃), The corresponding virtual inner space section R^* ₁... R^* ₁₃Perimeter L above^* ₁... L^* ₁₃Is calculated (FIG. 20: step S34), points corresponding to the length are plotted on the present situation development map A (FIG. 20: step S35), a plurality of plotted points are connected to display a crack, and management is performed. Get figure.
[0042]
In the above description, the measuring point closest to the point collimated by the total station was specified, and the perimeter on the current development map was obtained using the data of the specified cross section. According to the above method, the circumference can be calculated using data of two cross sections close to the collimation point.
[0043]
In this way, an arbitrary point on the tunnel collimated by the total station 12 is displayed on the current status development map A, and all the deformations and facilities existing in the tunnel are displayed on the current status development diagram. Can be.
[0044]
In the above description, the tunnel center line CL is used as the base line, but S (1) or S (m), which is the end of the lining surface, may be used as the base line.
[0045]
In the control chart obtained in this way, if an arbitrary point on the current state development view is pointed by a pointing device as described above, the three-dimensional coordinates of the point can be obtained. Is indicated by a pointing device at the start point or the end point of the above, or the three-dimensional coordinates of the indicated point are obtained. If the computer 16 and the total station 12 are connected, a point in the tunnel corresponding to the three-dimensional coordinates formed by the computer 16 can be collimated by the total station 12. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 23, the crack measured at a certain date and time is the starting point (x₁, Y₁, Z₁) To the end point (x_n, Y_n, Z_n), And the crack has grown from that point to a point in time after a certain period has elapsed, and the end point (x_n, Y_n, Z_n) Cannot be visually confirmed, but according to the present system, the point can be indicated (projected) on the spot by laser or the like based on the coordinate data of the crack end obtained by the previous measurement. . Therefore, the crack end point (x_n, Y_n, Z_n) To the current crack end point (x_m, Y_m, Z_mIt is possible to reliably measure only the cracked part of ()). Further, the newly measured coordinate data of the crack portion can be stored as another file. Further, the previously measured crack portion and the currently measured crack portion can be displayed in different colors based on the time data recorded in the file.
[0046]
In the same way, the deformation of tunnels other than cracks (for example, leaks, spalling, spraying, etc.) and the facilities in the tunnel (for example, telephones, fire hydrants, switchboards, lighting, etc.) are also displayed on the current status control chart. A state / facility control chart can be obtained, and if a change or facility displayed on the deformity / facility control chart is indicated, three-dimensional coordinates corresponding to the specified change / facility are calculated. At the same time, an actual point corresponding to the calculated coordinates can be projected on the site by the total station.
[0047]
Further, the computer 16 stores image data obtained by photographing a deformation or facility in the tunnel with a digital camera in association with the deformation or facility corresponding to the image data, and stores the deformation or facility on the tunnel control chart. A mark indicating the presence of a photograph may be displayed at the same time as the facility, and a corresponding image may be displayed when the displayed mark is designated.
[0048]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain three-dimensional coordinates of an object (deformation or facility) displayed on the control chart from the control chart. In addition, when the object has time data, the object (deformation or facility) having different time data can be distinguished and displayed. Therefore, the secular change of the tunnel can be grasped easily and visually. As a result, the danger of the tunnel can be objectively determined, and the repair and the danger avoidance measures can be performed immediately.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing steps up to creation of a current situation development diagram and a current situation management chart.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a computer that processes data obtained from a total station.
FIG. 4 is a view showing data of a current state survey.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a state in which coordinates of a crack are obtained.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of deformation / facility survey data.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an input unit (contact input screen) of a computer that processes data obtained from a total station.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the configuration of another computer that processes data obtained from the total station.
FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a tunnel.
FIG. 10 is a development view of the current state of the tunnel.
FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a process of creating a tunnel current state development diagram.
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a process of creating a tunnel current state development diagram together with the flowchart of FIG. 5;
FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a process of creating a tunnel current state development diagram together with FIG. 6;
FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a process of creating a tunnel current state development diagram together with FIGS.
FIG. 15 is a view for explaining calculation of three-dimensional coordinates of an arbitrary point on a development view of the current state of the tunnel.
FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining the calculation of three-dimensional coordinates of an arbitrary point on the developed state of the tunnel, together with FIG. 9;
FIG. 17 is a view for explaining a method of specifying a measurement point closest to the designated point.
FIG. 18 is a development view of the current state of the tunnel, showing a deformation such as a crack.
FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating a method of displaying a crack.
FIG. 20 is a view for explaining a method for displaying cracks together with FIG. 19;
FIG. 21 is a view for explaining a method of displaying a crack together with FIGS. 19 and 20;
FIG. 22 is a view for explaining a method of displaying a crack together with FIGS. 19 to 21;
FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating crack surveying.
[Explanation of symbols]
A: Current situation
2: Tunnel
4: Pavement surface
6: Lining surface
10: System
12: Computer
14: Total station
16: Display
5: Printer

Claims (5)

A base line (CL) representing the alignment of the tunnel (2), a plurality of measuring points [P (i)] set at predetermined intervals along the base line (CL) of the tunnel (2), and Two-dimensional including a line segment having a length corresponding to the cross-sectional circumference (Di) calculated from the cross-section measured in [P (i)] and extending in a direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the base line (CL). In the plan view,
A tunnel management chart, wherein an object including at least one piece of three-dimensional coordinate data is displayed using a distance from the base line (CL) and a distance from the measurement point [P (i)]. The tunnel management chart according to claim 1, wherein the object includes time data, and a plurality of objects having different time data are displayed in different modes. A base line (CL) representing the alignment of the tunnel (2), a plurality of measuring points [P (i)] set at predetermined intervals along the base line (CL) of the tunnel (2), and Current state of the tunnel including a line segment having a length corresponding to the cross-sectional perimeter (Di) calculated from the cross-section measured in [P (i)] and extending in a direction perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to the base line (CL). First storage means for storing a development view;
Second storage means for storing data including three-dimensional coordinates for specifying an attribute of a deformation or facility in the tunnel and specifying a spatial position of the deformation or facility specified by the attribute;
First display means for displaying the tunnel current status development map stored in the first storage means;
On the basis of the data stored in the second storage means, the deformation or facility in the tunnel is displayed in the tunnel current status development map from the distance from the base line (CL) and the measurement point [P (i)]. And a second display means for displaying the three-dimensional coordinates in a state in which the three-dimensional coordinates can be specified by the distance of the tunnel. 4. The tunnel management system according to claim 3, wherein the data includes time, and a plurality of abnormalities having different times are displayed in different modes. Means for acquiring three-dimensional coordinate data corresponding to a designated point on the tunnel status map,
The tunnel management system according to claim 4, further comprising: means for specifying a point in the tunnel corresponding to the acquired three-dimensional coordinate data.

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