JP3842771B2 - Method for displaying cross-section measurement results and program thereof - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for displaying cross-sectional measurement results mainly in mountain tunnel construction and earth work for cutting and embankment construction, and more specifically, two-dimensionally grasping the situation of excavation cross-section displacement, slope forming cross-section, etc. The present invention relates to a display method and a program thereof.

  For example, in mountain construction represented by the NATM method, after excavating by blasting, after performing spraying work on the excavated wall surface, final concrete lining is performed on the sprayed wall surface. At this time, a certain amount of displacement occurs on the wall surface from the excavation until the final lining is completed. Therefore, in order to ensure that the spraying on the excavation wall surface and the lining on the spraying wall surface are as uniform or smooth as possible, the displacement of the wall surface before and after spraying and before and after lining is performed in parallel with these operations. It should be manageable.

  As shown in FIG. 4, after measuring the shape of the inner air section 33 with a light wave range finder 32 installed at the top or bottom of the tunnel 31, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the design cross section 35 is displayed for each measurement cross section on the monitor 34 as shown in FIG. 5, and the degree of displacement with respect to the design cross section 35 is indicated by a broken line diagram. It was displayed. In this case, the greater the distance between the design cross section 35 and the broken line, the greater the displacement.

  However, in the method according to the conventional example, the approximate amount of displacement for each cross section of the mountain tunnel can be easily grasped from the screen, but how much displacement is specifically generated in which place is planar (two-dimensional). I could n’t figure out. As a result, it is difficult to quickly and accurately reflect in construction, unevenness in spraying thickness and lining thickness, and even when a uniform or smooth finished surface cannot be obtained, or when reinforcing measures are taken As a result, it is impossible to clearly grasp a location where a certain amount or more of the displacement occurs, and therefore, it has been a result of taking an unnecessarily expensive countermeasure work.

  On the other hand, in earthwork, after a slope is formed by cutting or embankment, finishing is performed by mortar spraying or concrete spraying on the cutting slope or embankment slope. Even in this slope construction, cross-section measurement is performed at each construction stage, but the approximate displacement amount for each cross-section can be easily grasped from the screen, but how much displacement specifically occurs at which location. It was not possible to grasp whether it is flat or two-dimensional.

  Therefore, the main problem of the present invention is that in tunnel construction, how much excavation cross-sectional displacement, spraying thickness, spraying wall surface displacement, lining thickness, lining wall surface displacement, etc. are specifically generated at which position, or For cuts and fills in earthwork, the amount of deviation from the cut / fill molding cross section design reference line, cut / fill molding cross section displacement, spray thickness, spray surface displacement, design base line for the final molding surface Display of cross-sectional measurement results so that it is possible to quickly and accurately reflect the amount of deviation with respect to the work at a glance and to obtain a uniform or smooth finished surface. It is to provide a method and a program thereof.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention according to claim 1 displays the measured results of the hollow cross section in the tunnel as a development view, wherein the excavation cross section displacement, the spray thickness, the spray wall surface displacement are displayed. A method for displaying a cross-sectional measurement result is provided, wherein the amount of the lining thickness, the lining wall displacement, or a combination thereof is displayed as a figure, symbol, or mark size. The

  In the first aspect of the present invention, the amount of wall surface displacement or the like can be grasped at a glance in a plane based on the size of the figure, symbol or mark plotted on the developed view. As a result, it is possible to easily and accurately grasp at what position these displacements and the like are, so that a uniform or smooth finished surface can be obtained by reflecting in a quick and accurate construction.

  As the present invention according to claim 2, the measured measurement results of the hollow cross section in the tunnel are displayed in a development view, in which the excavation cross section displacement, spray thickness, spray wall surface displacement, lining thickness, lining Cross-section measurement characterized by displaying the displacement amount or deviation amount with respect to the reference value with an equivalence line and color-coding each range of the equivalence line for any item of wall displacement or a combination thereof A method of displaying results is provided.

  Here, in the present invention, an “equal line” refers to a line in which a deviation amount with respect to a reference value is regarded as a height difference, and a range of deviation amounts having substantially equal height differences is bundled as a “contour line”. Further, gradation processing may be performed without clarifying the equivalence line by computer software processing. This gradation process is also encompassed by the concept of the isoline.

  In the present invention described in claim 2, the displacement amount such as excavation cross section displacement, spraying thickness, spraying wall surface displacement, lining thickness, lining wall surface displacement, etc. ”And color-coded for each“ isoline ”range, so that the amount of deviation can be visually expressed, and it is possible to easily and accurately grasp how much the amount of deviation is at which position. It is possible to obtain a uniform or smooth finished surface by reflecting to the construction quickly and accurately.

  As a third aspect of the present invention according to claim 3, the vertical axis of the developed view is a distance in the tunnel circumferential direction developed with reference to the tunnel center line, and the horizontal axis is a distance in the excavation direction. A method for displaying the cross-sectional measurement result is provided.

As a fourth aspect of the present invention, the measured cross-sectional measurement result in earth work is displayed in a development view, and in the development view, the deviation amount with respect to the design reference line of the cut / fill forming section, the cut / fill forming cross displacement, spray surface displacement, targeting any item or combination of bias amount with respect to the final molding surface of the design reference line, and displays the equivalent amount line bias amount with respect to the displacement amount or the reference value, the A method of displaying a cross-sectional measurement result is provided, which is displayed in different colors for each range of the equivalence line.

As the present invention according to claim 5, cross-sectional measurement in the tunnel air sectional measurement or earthworks are laser rangefinder, 3D scanners use either precision photogrammetric apparatus according to any one of claims 1-4 A method for displaying the cross-sectional measurement result is provided.

  As the present invention according to claim 6, in the computer, the hollow cross-section measurement result in the tunnel is displayed in a development view, and in the development view, the excavation cross-section displacement, spraying thickness, spraying wall displacement, lining thickness, lining A program for displaying a cross-sectional measurement result is provided for causing any item of wall displacement or a combination thereof to be executed in such a way that the amount is displayed as a graphic, symbol, or mark size.

  As the present invention according to claim 7, in the computer, the hollow cross section measurement result in the tunnel is displayed in a development view, and in the development view, excavation cross section displacement, spray thickness, spray wall surface displacement, lining thickness, lining A cross-section for displaying the displacement amount or the deviation amount with respect to the reference value as an equivalence line for any item of the wall displacement or a combination thereof, and performing the color-coded display for each range of the equivalence line A program for displaying the measurement results is provided.

As the present invention according to claim 8, the measured cross-sectional measurement result in earth work is displayed with a development view, and in the development view, the deviation amount with respect to the design reference line of the cut / fill formation section, the cut / fill formation cross displacement, spray surface displacement, targeting any item or combination of bias amount with respect to the final molding surface of the design reference line, and displays the equivalent amount line bias amount with respect to the displacement amount or the reference value, the There is provided a program for displaying a cross-sectional measurement result to be executed so as to perform color-coded display for each range of equivalence lines.

As described in detail above, according to the present invention, in tunnel construction, how much excavation cross-sectional displacement, spraying thickness, spraying wall surface displacement, lining thickness, lining wall surface displacement, etc. are generated at which position, how much. Alternatively Cut in earthworks, in construction of embankment, the amount offset with respect to the design reference line cut / fill molding section, cut / fill molding section displacement, spray plane displacement, the biasing for the design reference line of the final molding surface The amount and the like can be grasped at a glance in two dimensions.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[First embodiment]
As shown in FIG. 1, in the present tunnel cross-section measurement system, a management computer 1 is installed in a field office H, and a communication base station 2 is fixedly arranged in a tunnel mine. And the communication base station 2 are connected by a communication cable 3 so that information can be transmitted.

  On the other hand, a light wave range finder 5 is fixedly disposed behind the face and is connected to the communication base station 2 via a controller 6. In the illustrated example, the communication between the management computer 1 and the communication base station 2 is wired communication, but this may be either wireless or wired.

  In the vicinity of the face S, heavy equipment for tunnel construction such as a wheel jumbo 7, a sprayer 8 and a wheel loader is arranged. For example, in the example shown in the figure, a mini-bench method is used for excavating by simultaneous operation of the upper half and the lower half. After drilling rock bolt holes and charge holes / charges in each of the upper and lower halves, cut the upper and lower halves all at once, and then remove the gap → hitting → primary spraying → support construction Excavation work is performed for each cycle in the sequence of intrusion → secondary spraying → rock bolt placement, and concrete lining is continuously applied to the wall after completion of excavation and spraying.

  Measurement of each internal section such as excavation cross section, excavation cross section displacement, spray thickness, spray wall surface displacement, lining thickness, lining wall surface displacement measurement, etc. is automatically performed by the optical rangefinder 5 under the control of the controller 6. The shape of the empty section is measured, and the measurement data is automatically taken into the management computer 1 by the communication system.

  The measurement result taken into the management computer 1 is displayed on the computer screen 1A by the display format shown in FIG.

  On the computer screen 1A, a development view 9 of the inner section is displayed on the left side, a sectional view 10 of the inner section of the measurement target is displayed on the right side, and the measurement results of each inner section are displayed on the lower side. The table 11 is displayed.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram in which the vertical axis represents the circumferential distance developed with reference to the center line CL of the inner cross section, and the horizontal axis represents the STA (distance according to the digging distance TD (Total Distance) and the station number). The number of cycles is displayed on the upper side. Here, the TD on the horizontal axis is displayed up to the TD position selected and designated by the measurement section selection box 11a displayed near the upper end of the computer screen 1A.

  A management item selection box 12 is displayed on the left end side of the computer screen 1A. The items displayed in the management item selection box 12 are four items of spraying thickness, spraying wall surface displacement, lining thickness, and lining wall surface displacement in order from the top, and one of these items or When two or more combinations are selected by clicking with the mouse, a development view 9 of the inner section in the selected item is displayed. The management item selection box 12 does not have an excavation section displacement item, but the displacement may be displayed as an item.

  In the developed view 9, the amount related to the item selected by the management item box 12 at each measurement point for each measured cross section is displayed by the size of the circle. In addition, the display of the quantity of the item used as object can be made into arbitrary figures, a symbol, or a mark other than the said circle. At this time, the displacement amount to the cut side or the deviation amount from the reference line (+ side) is a colored figure, and the displacement amount to the tunnel space side or the deviation amount from the reference line (− side) is a white figure. do it.

  On the other hand, in the cross-sectional view 10, the internal cross-sectional shape at the TD position designated by the mouse is displayed. The inner cross-sectional shape is displayed by a broken line 14 based on the reference line 13. Further, a first upper display frame 15 is displayed on the upper left side of the sectional view 10, and a second information display frame 16 is displayed on the upper right side. In the frame of the first information display frame 15, an average ground surface indicating how much the actual excavation cross section is deviated from the design excavation cross section in order from the top, the actual spraying cross section based on the design spraying cross section The average spraying surface, the average spraying thickness, the average lining thickness, the average spraying displacement indicating the displacement of the spraying surface, and the average lining displacement indicating the displacement of the lining surface are numerically displayed. It has come to be. These are all average values of circumferential measurement points.

  Further, in the frame of the second information display frame 16, a TD section designation field, an average surplus rate and an average surplus winding rate in the TD section are displayed, respectively, and further on the upper portion of the first information display frame 15. Shows the number of drilling cycles.

  On the other hand, the list 11 includes, in order from the left, the measurement results of the inner cross sections, the position of the measurement cross section TD, the support pattern, the unexposed surface (the amount of deviation of the actual excavated cross section based on the design excavated cross section), and the spray surface (Deviation amount of actual spray section based on design spray section), design spray thickness, measured spray thickness, spray surface after displacement (deviation amount of actual spray section after deformation based on design spray section) ), Blast surface displacement, lining surface (deviation of actual lining surface based on design lining surface), design lining thickness, measured lining thickness, post-service lining surface, and lining surface displacement are displayed respectively. It has become.

  Clicking on the upper contour map button 17 with the mouse in a state where one of the development views of spraying thickness, spraying wall surface displacement, lining wall thickness, and lining wall surface displacement is displayed on the screen of the computer screen 1A The screen changes, and the displacement amount between the specified TDs or the deviation amount with respect to the reference value is displayed by an equivalence line, and the spray wall displacement contour figure 18 (hereinafter simply referred to as color-coded display for each equivalence line range). "Contour diagram") is displayed. In addition, the example shown by FIG. 3 displays the spray wall surface displacement by an equivalence line.

  The contour diagram 18 is displayed as a developed view in which the vertical axis represents the circumferential distance developed with reference to the center line CL of the inner cross section, and the horizontal axis represents the excavation distance TD (excavation cycle number in parentheses). In the developed view, the displacement amount or the deviation amount with respect to the reference value is set for any item or combination of excavation cross-sectional displacement, spraying thickness, spraying wall surface displacement, lining thickness, lining wall surface displacement, etc. In addition to being displayed by a quantity line, the range of each equivalence line is color-coded by various colors.

  Specifically, as shown as a legend on the right side of the computer screen 1B, the displacement amount (or the deviation amount with respect to the reference value) is divided into 20 steps of A to T every 50 mm, and is displayed by an equivalence line. In addition, the range is color-coded for each of the equivalence lines A to T. Among the A to T sections, A to E are negative sections, and F to T are positive sections. In addition, since it cannot be colored and displayed on the drawing, the alphabet is displayed for the sake of convenience. Actually, from section A to section T, red → orange → yellow → green → blue → bullet blue gradually. By changing the color, it is possible to see at a glance how much displacement (or deviation from the reference value) occurs in which range and in which position.

  Further, a print button 19 is displayed at the lower right corner of the computer screen 1B, and the contour diagram 18 can be printed by selecting the print button 19 with a mouse.

  By the way, instead of the light wave range finder 5, it is also possible to perform the inner-space cross-section measurement using a three-dimensional scanner. Although the light wave range finder is a conventional measuring device, in recent years, a three-dimensional scanner has been put to practical use due to the development of sensor technology, and a three-dimensional scanner is used instead of the light wave range finder 5. In addition, it is possible to measure unevenness of the inner cross section. As the three-dimensional scanner, for example, a TDS series manufactured by Pulstec Corporation can be suitably used. Survey error is 0.23 to 0.83mm (Z direction) when the scan area is 567x498mm (TDS-1500).

  Furthermore, in place of the light wave range finder 5, it is possible to carry out the internal section measurement by precision photogrammetry that has been put into practical use with the recent development of computer processing technology. In the precision photogrammetry, the three-dimensional coordinates of an object are calculated by image processing using a personal computer from the difference in parallax between a plurality of digital photographic images taken at different shooting positions. High accuracy of several mm at 100m is obtained.

[Second embodiment]
By the way, the display method of the cross-sectional measurement result can be applied to the display method of the cross-sectional measurement result in earthwork in addition to the tunnel cross-sectional measurement result.

As is well known, in earthwork, a slope is formed by cutting or embankment, and then the cut slope or embankment slope is finished by mortar spraying or concrete spraying. In this earthwork, cross-section measurement is performed at each construction stage. For example, bias amount with respect to the design reference line cut / fill molding section, cut / fill molding section Displacement, spray surface displacement, bias amount with respect to the design reference line of the final molding surface, and the like.

  In the present invention, when each measurement result is displayed, the cutting slope and the embankment slope are displayed on the development view, and the amount of each measurement result is displayed on the development surface in the form of a figure, a symbol, or a mark, or the displacement amount. Alternatively, it is possible to display the deviation amount with respect to the reference value by an equivalence line, and to display by color for each range of the equivalence line. In addition, when the slope is formed in a curved surface, the development view is a plan view in which the slope is developed in the same plane and the slope is viewed from the normal direction or directly above, but the slope is the same. In the case of being formed in a planar shape, a plan view in which the slope is viewed from the normal direction or directly above is included.

  The specific method is exactly the same as that of the tunnel cross-section measurement result display described above, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

It is a point figure of the sky cross section measurement in a tunnel. It is a monitor screen figure which shows the expanded view 9 and sectional drawing. It is a monitor screen figure which shows the contour figure 18. FIG. It is a sky cross-section measurement outline figure in a tunnel. It is a figure which shows the management method of the internal space cross section which concerns on a prior art example.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Management computer, 1A * 1B ... Computer screen figure, 2 ... Communication base station, 3 ... Communication cable, 5 ... Light wave rangefinder, 6 ... Controller, 7 ... Wheel jumbo, 8 ... Spraying machine, 9 ... Development view DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Cross section, 11 ... List, 11a ... Measurement cross section selection box, 12 ... Management item selection box, 15 ... 1st information display frame, 16 ... 2nd information display frame, 18 ... Contour figure

Claims (8)

The measured results of the sky section in the tunnel are displayed in a development view. In the development view, any one of the items of excavation cross section displacement, spray thickness, spray wall surface displacement, lining thickness, lining wall surface displacement or these A method of displaying a cross-sectional measurement result, characterized in that the amount is displayed in the size of a figure, symbol or mark for the combination of. The measured results of the sky section in the tunnel are displayed in a development view. In the development view, any one of the items of excavation cross section displacement, spray thickness, spray wall surface displacement, lining thickness, lining wall surface displacement or these A method for displaying a cross-sectional measurement result, characterized by displaying a displacement amount or a deviation amount with respect to a reference value by an equivalence line for each combination, and displaying by color for each range of the equivalence line. The method of displaying a cross-sectional measurement result according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a vertical axis of the development view is a distance in a tunnel circumferential direction developed with the tunnel center line as a reference, and a horizontal axis is a distance in a tunnel excavation direction. The cross-sectional measurements of the measured earthworks and displays the developed view, in the developed view, the amount of biasing with respect to the design reference line cut / fill molding section, cut / fill molding section Displacement, spray surface displacement, For any item of the deviation amount with respect to the design reference line of the final molding surface or a combination thereof, the displacement amount or deviation amount with respect to the reference value is displayed with an equivalence line, and color-coded for each range of the equivalence line A method for displaying a cross-sectional measurement result. The method for displaying a cross-sectional measurement result according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein any one of a light wave range finder, a three-dimensional scanner, and a precision photogrammetry device is used for the cross-section measurement in the tunnel or the earth work. In the computer, the tunnel cross-section measurement results are displayed in a development view. In the development view, any of the items of excavation cross section displacement, spraying thickness, spraying wall surface displacement, lining thickness, lining wall surface displacement or these A program for displaying a cross-sectional measurement result for causing the combination to be displayed so that the amount thereof is displayed in the size of a figure, symbol or mark. In the computer, the tunnel cross-section measurement results are displayed in a development view. In the development view, any of the items of excavation cross section displacement, spraying thickness, spraying wall surface displacement, lining thickness, lining wall surface displacement or these A program for displaying a cross-sectional measurement result for displaying the displacement amount or the deviation amount with respect to the reference value by an equivalence line and displaying the color combinations for each range of the equivalence line. The cross-sectional measurements of the measured earthworks and displays the developed view, in the developed view, the amount of biasing with respect to the design reference line cut / fill molding section, cut / fill molding section Displacement, spray surface displacement, For any item of the deviation amount with respect to the design reference line of the final molding surface or a combination thereof, the displacement amount or deviation amount with respect to the reference value is displayed with an equivalence line, and color-coded for each range of the equivalence line A program for displaying cross-sectional measurement results for execution.

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