JP5667174B2 - 新規微生物並びにそれを用いた水素製造方法、1,3−プロパンジオール製造方法及びバイオディーゼル廃液の処理方法 - Google Patents
新規微生物並びにそれを用いた水素製造方法、1,3−プロパンジオール製造方法及びバイオディーゼル廃液の処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
[グリセロール資化性水素生産菌の探索]
バイオディーゼル(FAME)製造工場の排水を微生物源として、集積培養により、グリセロール資化性水素生産菌の探索を行った。
・検出器:TCD (60mA)
・カラム:ポラパックN,モレキュラーシーブ13X,ポラパックQ
・キャリアガス:アルゴン
・カラム温度:60℃
・インジェクション温度:60℃
・ディテクター温度:80℃
[PEG8株の16S rDNA塩基配列解析による同定]
実施例1で取得した菌株のひとつであるPEG8株について、16S rDNAの塩基配列解析により菌株の同定を行った。
[PEG8株の菌学的性質の解析]
PEG8株について、光学顕微鏡(BX50F4、オリンパス社製)による形態観察、Barrowらの方法(Cowan and Steel’s Manual for the Identification of Medical Bacteria. 3rd edition. 1993年,Cambridge University Press.)に基づいた、カタラーゼ反応、オキシダーゼ反応、ブドウ糖からの酸/ガス産生、ブドウ糖の酸化/発酵(O/F)の試験を実施した。また、フェイバーG「ニッスイ」(日水製薬社製)を用いてグラム染色性解析を実施した。さらに、API20Eキット(ビオメリュー社製)を用い、表4及び5に示した各項目についての試験を実施した。各項目の判定はキットに添付のマニュアルに従った。
[回分培養によるグリセロールからの水素及び1,3−プロパンジオール生産]
5ml LB培地中、37℃で11時間振とう培養したPEG8株を、500mlの原料液(組成;酵母エキス 2.5g/L、ペプトン 2.5g/L、グリセロール 7質量%、pH6.5)を含む1L容ミニジャーに添加した。窒素ガスでミニジャー中のガスを置換し、1Lファーメンター(BMJ−01PI、ABLE&Biott社製)を用い、嫌気条件下、37℃、150rpmの振とう速度で培養を行った。13時間培養した後、培養液を約50ml残し、450mlの新しい原料液を加えて、培養を繰り返した。経時的に培養液及びガスのサンプリングを行い、水素ガスの生成量、1,3−プロパンジオールの生成量、エタノール生成量、残留グリセロール量及びOD660値の測定を行った。
・移動液:純水
・カラム:Shim−pack SCR−102H(島津社製)
・カラム温度:70℃
・流速:0.6ml/min
・検出器:示唆屈折計
[グリセロール濃度の影響]
酵母エキスを2.5g/L、ペプトンを2.5g/L、2−Morpholinoethanesulfonic acid(MES)を53.3g/L、及びグリセロールを1.0%、2.5%、5.0%、7.5%、10.0%、15.0%、20.0%、25.0%、30.0%(いずれも質量%)含む原料液10ml(pH6.5)を20mlバイアルに入れ、PEG8株を播種して、37℃で22時間静置培養した。培養後の水素ガス生成量とOD660値を測定し、グリセロール濃度による影響を解析した。
[繰り返し回分培養による水素収率の推移]
実施例4と同じ条件でPEG8株を23〜25時間培養した。培養後50mlの培養液を残し、450mlの新しい原料液を加えて、培養を繰り返した。これを8回繰り返し、各回の培養後の水素生成量、1,3−プロパンジオールの生成量、エタノール生成量を測定した。
[バイオディーゼル廃液を用いた繰り返し回分培養による水素収率の推移]
純品グリセロールに代えてバイオディーゼル廃液(グリセロール濃度 87.6質量%)を用いた以外は実施例4と同じ条件でPEG8株を23〜25時間培養した。培養後50mlの培養液を残し、450mlの新しい原料液を加えて、培養を繰り返した。これを8回繰り返し、各回の培養後の水素生成量、1,3−プロパンジオールの生成量、エタノール生成量を測定した。なお、バイオディーゼル廃液として、植物油を原料としてバイオディーゼルを製造した際の廃液を用いた。また、上記バイオディーゼル廃液は、グリセロール濃度が7.5質量%相当となるように原料液に添加した。
[PEG8株のその他の特性]
PEG8株の特性を解析するため、培地pHの影響、発酵温度の影響、培地中のエタノールの影響及び各種炭素源の資化性試験を行った。
[PEG8株のその他の特性2]
各種炭素源(グルコース、マンニトール)の資化性試験を以下の条件で行った。酵母エキス 2.5g/L、ペプトン 2.5g/L、MES 53.3g/L、図7に示した各炭素源(グルコース、マンニトール) 2質量%を含む、pH6.5の原料液9.5mlにPEG8株の前培養液0.5mlを加え、34℃で19時間培養を行い、水素ガスの生成量を測定した。さらに、培養後の培養液0.5mlに上記原料液9.5mlを加え、34℃で19時間培養を行い、水素ガスの生成量を測定した。これを2回繰り返し、3回の培養結果を基に評価を行った。
Claims (9)
- 独立行政法人製品評価技術基盤機構特許微生物寄託センター受託番号NITE BP−901(エンテロバクターsp.PEG8)で特定される微生物。
- グリセロールを基質として、請求項1に記載の微生物に水素ガスを生成させる水素製造方法。
- 前記グリセロールが、バイオディーゼル廃液に含まれるものである、請求項2に記載の水素製造方法。
- グリセロールを基質として、請求項1に記載の微生物に1,3−プロパンジオールを生成させる1,3−プロパンジオール製造方法。
- 前記グリセロールが、バイオディーゼル廃液に含まれるものである、請求項4に記載の1,3−プロパンジオール製造方法。
- 請求項1に記載の微生物に、バイオディーゼル廃液中に含まれるグリセロールを分解させる分解工程を有するバイオディーゼル廃液の処理方法。
- 前記分解工程において生成する水素ガス又は1,3−プロパンジオールを回収する回収工程を更に有する、請求項6に記載のバイオディーゼル廃液の処理方法。
- バイオディーゼル廃液を含む原料液と請求項1に記載の微生物とを接触させ、前記バイオディーゼル廃液中のグリセロールを分解させることで、グリセロールを予め設定した濃度まで減少させた後、グリセロールが減少した原料液の少なくとも一部を、バイオディーゼル廃液を含む他の原料液と交換する、バイオディーゼル廃液の処理方法。
- 前記バイオディーゼル廃液中のグリセロールを分解させることで、グリセロールを予め設定した濃度まで減少させるとともに、生成する水素ガス又は1,3−プロパンジオールを回収した後、グリセロールが減少した原料液の少なくとも一部を、バイオディーゼル廃液を含む他の原料液と交換する、請求項8に記載のバイオディーゼル廃液の処理方法。
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JP2008245600A (ja) * | 2007-03-30 | 2008-10-16 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | 新規細菌及び該細菌を用いたグリセロールからのモノアセチンの製造方法 |
JP2009183162A (ja) * | 2008-02-04 | 2009-08-20 | Hiroshima Univ | 新規エンテロバクター・アエロゲネス菌株およびその利用 |
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