JP5639538B2 - Solar panel cooling structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a cooling structure for a photovoltaic power generation panel.

  Conventionally, a solar power generation panel has been used, and the solar power generation panel is mainly mounted on the roof of a building. However, the power generation efficiency is reduced at a high temperature on the roof.

  Therefore, as a method for cooling the photovoltaic power generation panel, a method is known in which water is sprayed on the surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel and the solar panel is cooled by the heat of vaporization. In this method, it is difficult to uniformly spray water on the surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel, and there is a problem that power generation efficiency is reduced due to refraction and reflection caused by a water film formed on the surface. It was.

  Further, as another method for cooling the photovoltaic power generation panel, a method for cooling the photovoltaic power generation panel by blowing air is known. This method requires a blower, and has a problem that the convective heat transfer effect is low when the ambient temperature is high.

  Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, a method has been developed in which an evaporative cooling body made of synthetic fiber is provided on the back surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel and a tubular water guide is provided (for example, Patent Document 1). reference).

  However, in this method, since the water guiding material is provided on the side of the photovoltaic power generation panel, the entire installation area of the photovoltaic power generation panel and the water guiding material is increased, and the solar power occupying the entire installation area. There was a problem that the installation area of the power generation panel was reduced.

JP 2000-22193 A

  The present invention was invented in view of the above-described conventional problems, and the object of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic power generation panel that does not reduce the installation area of the photovoltaic power generation panel in the entire installation area. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cooling structure.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has the following configuration.

A water-absorbing member that holds the supplied water and penetrates the entire surface is provided on the back surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel in a thermally connected state, and water supplied from a water supply source to the back surface of the water-absorbing member. Is provided in a state where the water-absorbing member is thermally connected to the back surface of the main body of the photovoltaic power generation panel and penetrates the supplied water as a whole. One water-absorbing member, and a second water-absorbing member that retains the supplied water and supplies the retained water to the first water-absorbing member. Provided under the first water-absorbing member, and the water guiding material is provided between the first water-absorbing member and the second water-absorbing member, and per unit area of the first water-absorbing member. The flow rate per unit time is per unit area of the second water absorbing member. Lower than the unit time per flow, the second unit time per flow rate per unit area of the water absorbing member may be lower than the unit time per flow rate per unit area of the water guide member.

  Moreover, it is preferable that a water storage tank and a pump are provided as the water supply source, and a water supply pipe for supplying water from the water storage tank to the water guiding material is provided.

In the present invention, it is rather name that footprint solar panels to the total footprint is reduced, water is spread over the entire fast.

It is principal part sectional drawing of one Embodiment of the cooling structure of the photovoltaic power generation panel of this invention. It is a perspective view of the building provided with the cooling structure of the photovoltaic power generation panel same as the above. (A) (b) is sectional drawing explaining the example of attachment to the roof material of the photovoltaic power generation panel same as the above. The 1st water absorbing member in the same as the above, the 2nd water absorbing member, and a water conveyance material are shown, (a) is a perspective view and (b) is a sectional view. It is a perspective view which shows the connection to the water guide material of the water supply pipe in the same as the above. It is sectional drawing of the water absorbing member in other embodiment, and a water conveyance material. Furthermore, it is sectional drawing of the 1st water absorbing member in another embodiment, the 2nd water absorbing member, and a water conveyance material.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 includes a panel body 11 and a panel frame member 12. The panel main body 11 is comprised with the tempered glass which incorporated the electric power generation element and the electric circuit, and the terminal connected to an electric circuit is provided. The power generation element is composed of a semiconductor element whose main material is silicon, converts solar energy into electric energy, and outputs the electric energy, and its conversion efficiency is about 20 to 30%. Since this type of power generation element is already widely known, detailed description thereof is omitted. Moreover, it does not limit about the detailed specification etc. of an electric power generation element. The panel body 11 of the present embodiment has a substantially rectangular shape when viewed from the front (that is, the surface that receives sunlight).

  The panel frame member 12 covers and holds the periphery of the panel body 11 and is made of a mold material made of a metal such as aluminum in the present embodiment, but the material is not limited to aluminum and is not limited to metal. In addition, the panel frame member 12 may be separated for each portion corresponding to each side of the panel body 11, or may be integrated by connecting portions corresponding to adjacent sides of the panel body 11. Well, not particularly limited. The panel main body 11 is held by the panel frame member 12 to constitute the photovoltaic power generation panel 1.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 is attached to a roof material 3 of a building via a panel attachment member 2. As shown in FIG. 3A, the panel mounting member 2 includes a mounting member main body 21, a panel mounting bolt 22 and a panel mounting nut 23, and a pressing member 20. The attachment member main body 21 is a member formed of a metal such as aluminum or steel, and has an insertion hole 25 through which a fixing tool 24 made of a screw, a screw, a nail or the like is inserted in a portion attached to the roofing material 3. In this embodiment, it is a piece material. The fixing tool 24 is inserted into the insertion hole 25 formed in the attachment member main body 21, and the attachment member main body 21 is attached to the roof material 3. Moreover, the material of the attachment member main body 21 is not limited to aluminum or steel, and is not limited to metal.

  A bolt insertion hole 26 through which the panel mounting bolt 22 is inserted is formed in the mounting member main body 21. Moreover, the standing piece 27 which protrudes upwards is provided in the outer surface which the panel frame material 12 of the adjacent photovoltaic power generation panel 1 mutually opposes. Then, a pressing member 20 having a U-shape with a cross section opened downward is put on the upright piece 27 of the panel frame member 12 of the adjacent photovoltaic power generation panel 1 from above. The holding member 20 has a bolt insertion hole (not shown) through which the panel mounting bolt 22 is inserted. Then, the panel mounting nut 23 is screwed into the panel mounting bolt 22 inserted through the bolt insertion hole 26 of the mounting member main body 21 and the bolt insertion hole of the pressing member 20, so that the panel frame member 12 becomes the panel mounting member 2. Attached to.

  A plurality of panel mounting members 2 are arranged in parallel on the roof material 3 so as to form a row in the eave direction, and a plurality of rows are provided in the eaves ridge direction. The roofing material 3 of this embodiment is not a flat roof, but is inclined downward toward the eaves direction. And the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 is attached to the panel attachment member 2 as described above, and in FIG. 2, four rows are provided in the eaves direction, but the number of rows and the panels arranged in parallel in each row Of course, the number is not limited.

  By the way, the power generation in the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 is less efficient at high temperatures. That is, when the ambient temperature around the solar power generation panel 1 is high or when the solar power generation panel 1 is irradiated with direct sunlight, the power generation element becomes high temperature and the power generation efficiency (conversion efficiency) decreases. . The decrease in the power generation efficiency is about 4% with respect to the temperature increase width 10K of the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 (that is, the conversion efficiency after the decrease is about 16 to 26% with respect to the original conversion efficiency 20 to 30%). . For this reason, when the temperature of the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 rises to 50 ° C., the power generation efficiency is reduced by about 10% with respect to the power generation efficiency at the design reference temperature of 25 ° C.

  In the present invention, in order to suppress a decrease in power generation efficiency due to the high temperature of the photovoltaic power generation panel 1, a cooling unit is provided in the photovoltaic power generation panel 1, and the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 is cooled by the cooling unit. Is.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4, the cooling unit includes a water absorbing member that holds the supplied water and penetrates the whole, and a water guide member 6 that supplies the water supplied from the water supply source to the water absorbing member. In this embodiment, as the water absorbing member, at least two types of water absorbing members, the first water absorbing member 4 and the second water absorbing member 5, provided on the back surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 are provided. ing.

  The first water-absorbing member 4 is provided in a state where it is thermally connected over the entire back surface of the panel main body 11 and penetrates the water supplied from the second water-absorbing member 5 throughout. . The first water-absorbing member 4 of the present embodiment is made of a synthetic resin having a substantially rectangular shape similar to that of the panel body 11, and pores and narrow grooves are formed on the entire surface so that water can permeate through the capillarity. Has been. In the present embodiment, the first water-absorbing member 4 is held by the moisture-permeable holding member 40 having moisture permeability. The moisture-permeable holding member 40 has a plate shape having the same shape as the first water-absorbing member 4 made of, for example, a synthetic resin, a wood material, or a metal, and has a large number of holes (not shown) that allow moisture (water vapor) to pass therethrough. ) Is formed. The moisture permeable holding member 40 has a flange 42 attached to the panel frame member 12 with screws 41 to hold the first water absorbing member 4. Moreover, the moisture-permeable holding member 40 has an opening formed on the bottom surface thereof that communicates with a water conduit 50 described later. The first water absorbing member 4 may be attached to the solar power generation panel 1 by a member different from the moisture permeable holding member 40 as described above, and is held by the first water absorbing member 4. There is no particular limitation as long as water can be diffused into the atmosphere as moisture.

  The second water-absorbing member 5 is provided below the first water-absorbing member 4, holds water supplied from the water guide material 6, and holds the held water in the first water-absorbing member 4. To supply. The second water-absorbing member 5 of the present embodiment is made of a synthetic resin in which pores and fine grooves are formed on the whole so that water can permeate through the capillarity, and the water-conducting pipe 50 does not have moisture permeability. Retained. The water conduit 50 is made of, for example, a synthetic resin, a wood material, a metal, or the like, and the cross-sectional shape is not particularly limited. The water conduit 50 is provided on the lower side of the first water-absorbing member 4. In this embodiment, the eaves-ridge direction is the longitudinal direction on the lower surface of the substantially central portion of the evaporating-holding member 40 in the eave direction. It is attached as follows.

  In addition, an opening communicating with the opening formed in the moisture permeable holding member 40 is formed on the upper surface of the water conduit 50, and the moisture permeable holding member 40 is formed so that the opening communicates with the opening of the moisture permeable holding member 40. It is attached. Then, both openings of the water conduit 50 and the moisture permeable holding member 40 are overlapped to form a communication port 51 that communicates the inside of the water conduit 50 and the moisture permeable retaining member 40, and the water conduit 50 is communicated through this communication port. The water guiding material 6 is provided so as to straddle the interior of the water-permeable holding member 40.

  The water guiding material 6 has water permeability that allows the water supplied from the water supply source to reach the second water absorbing member 5, and the water guiding material 6 of the present embodiment is made of metal and has a large number of holes that allow water to pass therethrough. (Not shown) is a metal tube 61 formed. In this embodiment, the water supply source is composed of a water storage unit 7 provided in a building as shown in FIG. 2, and the water storage unit 7 includes a water storage tank 71 and a pump. Although the water storage tank 71 of this embodiment is a tank which stores rainwater, it is not specifically limited to a rainwater tank, and a water supply source is not limited to the water storage unit 7 of this embodiment, For example, it is water supply. Also good.

  A water supply pipe 72 is connected between the water storage tank 71 and the water guide material 6. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the water supply pipe 72 is connected to the upper end portion of the water guide material 6. . Thereby, the water supplied from the water supply pipe 72 to the upper end portion of the water guide material 6 flows by its own weight toward the lower end portion of the water guide material 6. The water guide member 6 is preferably filled with water supplied from the water supply pipe 72.

  The operation of the present invention will be described below.

  The water stored in the water storage tank 71 is conveyed to the upper end portion of the water guiding material 6 through the water supply pipe 72 by a pump. When water is supplied to the upper end portion of the water guide material 6 and the water is stored in the water guide material 6, the water guide material 6 has water permeability and flows into the water guide pipe 50 and the moisture permeable holding member 40. The water flowing into the water guide pipe 50 is held by the second water absorbing member 5 and is absorbed by the first water absorbing member 4. The water absorbed by the first water-absorbing member 4 evaporates due to heat from the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 (mainly conduction heat, but may have radiant heat), and a large number of moisture-permeable holding members 40 are obtained. Is diffused to the outside of the moisture-permeable holding member 40 through the holes. Thereby, when the water absorbed by the first water absorbent member 4 is reduced by evaporation, the first water absorbent member 4 absorbs the water absorbed by the second water absorbent member 5 and the water is absorbed. To be replenished.

  The water permeability of the first water absorbent member 4, the second water absorbent member 5, and the water guide material 6 (flow rate per unit time per unit area) is highest in the water guide material 6 having a hollow inside, The second water absorbing member 5 is high and the first water absorbing member 4 is the lowest. Thereby, compared with the case where the 2nd water absorbing member 5 and the water conveyance material 6 are not used, but only the 1st water absorbing member 4 is used, water spreads to the whole faster.

  The water permeability of the first water-absorbing member 4 and the second water-absorbing member 5 can be set as appropriate depending on the diameter and size of the pores or narrow grooves, the ratio of the whole to the whole, and the synthetic resin material. Moreover, the kind of the 1st water absorbing member 4 and the 2nd water absorbing member 5 is not limited to a synthetic resin.

  As described above, when the water absorbed by the first water absorbing member 4 evaporates, heat is removed from the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 as the heat of vaporization, the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 is cooled, and the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 The decrease in power generation efficiency in can be suppressed.

  According to the said structure, since the water guide material 6 is provided in the back surface side of the photovoltaic power generation panel 1, the installation area of the whole photovoltaic power generation panel 1 and the water guide material 6 becomes large, and the photovoltaic power generation which occupies for the whole installation area The installation area of panel 1 is never reduced.

  FIG. 3B shows another example of attachment of the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 to the panel attachment member 2. The panel frame member 12 includes a frame member main body 13 and a pressing piece 14 that holds the surface of the panel main body 11. Standing pieces 27 are provided on the outer surface of the frame body 13, and support pieces 15 that support the panel body 11 are provided on the inner surface of the frame body 13.

  In attaching the photovoltaic power generation panel 1 to the panel attachment member 2, first, the frame body 13 is attached to the attachment member 21. Next, the moisture-permeable holding member 40 and the first water-absorbing member 4 are placed on the attachment member body 21 by placing the flange 42 of the moisture-permeable holding member 40 on the support piece 15. Then, the panel main body 11 is placed on the flange 42, and finally, the pressing piece 14 is fixed to the frame material main body 13 to complete. The fixing of the pressing piece 14 to the frame material main body 13 is not particularly limited, such as fitting and fixing with the screw 41.

  Thereby, the moisture-permeable holding member 40 and the first water absorbing member 4 can be attached later. That is, the pressing piece 14 is detached from the frame body 13 and the panel body 11 is removed. Next, the moisture-permeable holding member 40 and the first water absorbing member 4 are attached to the attachment member body 21 as described above. After that, it will be retrofitted.

  Next, another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment as well, since most of them are the same as those in the above-described embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and different portions are mainly described.

  In the present embodiment, the second water absorbing member 5 and the water guiding material 6 in the above embodiment are integrated. The water absorption rate of the first water absorbent member 4 and the second water absorbent member 5 integrated with the water guide 6 is higher in the second water absorbent member 5. Thereby, the number of members is reduced.

  Next, still another embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment as well, since most of them are the same as those in the above-described embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, description thereof is omitted, and different portions are mainly described.

  In contrast to the metal pipe 61 in the above embodiment, the water guiding material 6 is made of a synthetic resin pipe 62 in the present embodiment. The synthetic resin tube 62 penetrates from the inside and leaks out to the outer surface in the form of drops, and is formed with a large number of holes (not shown) that allow water to pass therethrough. Such a synthetic resin tube 62 is widely sold for horticulture and has an advantage that a general-purpose member can be used.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Photovoltaic power generation panel 11 Panel main body 12 Panel frame material 2 Panel mounting member 21 Mounting member main body 3 Roof material 4 1st water absorption member 40 Moisture permeable holding member 5 2nd water absorption member 50 Water guide pipe 61 Water guide material

Claims (2)

A water-absorbing member that holds the supplied water and penetrates the entire surface is provided on the back surface of the photovoltaic power generation panel in a thermally connected state, and water supplied from a water supply source to the back surface of the water-absorbing member. Is provided in a state where the water-absorbing member is thermally connected to the back surface of the main body of the photovoltaic power generation panel and penetrates the supplied water as a whole. One water-absorbing member, and a second water-absorbing member that retains the supplied water and supplies the retained water to the first water-absorbing member. Provided under the first water-absorbing member, and the water guiding material is provided between the first water-absorbing member and the second water-absorbing member, and per unit area of the first water-absorbing member. The flow rate per unit time is per unit area of the second water absorbing member. Lower than the unit time per flow, the second unit time per flow rate per unit area of the water absorbing member, solar panels, wherein the lower than the unit time per flow rate per unit area of the water guide member Cooling structure. The cooling structure for a photovoltaic power generation panel according to claim 1, further comprising a water storage tank and a pump as the water supply source, and a water supply pipe for supplying water from the water storage tank to the water guide material.

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