JP5298839B2 - Solar cell device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a solar cell device that is readily installed. <P>SOLUTION: A solar cell panel 14 is disposed on an upper portion of a water-reserving case body 13. A water-reserving member 15 is disposed on a back surface of the solar cell panel 14. A water-absorbing member 22 for absorbing the water reserved in the water-reserving case body 13 is connected to the water reserving member 15. A spacing 20 for taking in rain water is disposed in the case body 13. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a solar cell device installed on the rooftop of a building or the like.

  Conventionally, as this type of solar cell device, for example, a configuration disclosed in Patent Document 1 has been proposed. The prior art disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a solar cell panel provided on four legs. Such a solar cell device is actually installed by assembling a steel frame on a flat roof or the like on the roof of a building. And since such a solar cell apparatus has a space | interval formed between a solar cell panel and an installation surface, there exists a possibility that it may float or fly by a wind. For this reason, it is necessary to firmly fix the solar battery panel to the steel frame or to firmly fix the steel frame on the pressing concrete forming the land roof using a concrete block. Therefore, when the solar cell panel is installed using the steel frame base in this way, the installation work is troublesome. Moreover, the position where the solar cell device is installed cannot be used for purposes other than power generation because the pillars of the steel frame stand up. In addition, since the steel frame is firmly fixed to the flat roof, etc., it is difficult to increase or decrease the solar cell device or to change the layout, and it is difficult to flexibly respond to various installation requirements. .

  In the conventional solar cell device described in Patent Document 2, a flat holder that supports the solar cell module on the upper surface is installed on a rooftop of a rooftop or the like. And a solar cell module is cooled by flowing a refrigerant | coolant in the refrigerant path formed in the holder. In the solar cell device described in Patent Document 2, since the holder is directly installed on a flat roof or the like, unlike the solar cell device of Patent Document 1, there are problems in construction using a steel frame and wind. However, since the refrigerant is circulated through the heat exchanger, the following problem occurs. In other words, the purpose of using the solar cell device is to save energy, but in this way, circulating the refrigerant and operating the heat exchanger requires power for that purpose, and the purpose of original energy saving. It will be contrary to.

The conventional solar cell device described in Patent Document 3 is installed on a sloped roof of a building in a state where the solar cell module body is tilted via a pedestal and a support bracket and is lifted from a roof tile. It is. An evaporative cooling sheet made of synthetic fiber is attached to the back surface of the solar cell module body. Moreover, the water storage part which stores rainwater as cooling water is provided in the lower end edge of the solar cell module main body. The lower end part of the cooling sheet is inserted into the water storage part, and is immersed in the cooling water in the water storage part. And the cooling water in a water storage part immerses in a cooling sheet | seat by a capillary phenomenon, and evaporates, taking heat as vaporization heat from the solar cell module main body heated up with the solar heat. By this evaporation, the solar cell module body is cooled, and the decrease in power generation efficiency is suppressed.
JP 2005-217179 A JP 2000-114574 A JP 2000-22193 A

  Therefore, in the solar cell device of Patent Document 3, unlike Patent Document 2, the problem of requiring power can be avoided. However, since it is installed in a state of being lifted from the roof tile using a frame, Similarly, problems caused by wind cannot be avoided. And since a support metal fitting is what is inserted in the back surface side of a tile and it is fixed to a roof, it will not only take the construction for installation, but there exists a possibility that a tile and a roof may be damaged. Moreover, in the solar cell device of Patent Document 3, since it is in an inclined state, the load burden on the inclined roof increases due to the weight of the water in the water storage section. For this reason, the capacity of the water storage tank cannot be increased, and there is a possibility that the water storage tank becomes empty and the solar cell module cannot be cooled when the amount of rainfall is low.

  Moreover, since the water storage part is located on the extended line of the plane of a solar cell panel, this solar cell apparatus can be installed only in a state where the water storage part is located at the lower end using the inclination of the roof. That is, when the solar cell device of Patent Document 3 is installed in a horizontal state, not only does the stored water leak from the portion between the cooling sheet or the like and the water storage unit, but also the rain water is secured as a water storage by using an inclination. Therefore, it was impossible to install it horizontally on a flat roof.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such problems existing in the prior art. An object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell device that can be installed on a horizontal surface such as a flat roof, has a simple installation structure, and can easily perform installation work, layout change, and the like.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a bracket having an opening in the upper part of a box capable of storing water and having a support portion lower than the surface of the opening, and the sun is placed on the support portion of the bracket. While the battery panel is placed, a water retention member is provided on the back surface of the solar cell panel, and a water absorption member for sucking up water stored in the box is connected to the water retention member.

  Therefore, when installing the solar cell device of the present invention, the solar cell device can be installed in a horizontal state on the roof of a building without using a frame or a support metal fitting. Therefore, the installation structure is simple and construction for installation can be easily performed. When the solar cell device is used, water stored in the inner bottom portion of the box body soaks into the water retaining member via the water absorbing member due to a capillary phenomenon, and takes heat as vaporization heat from the solar cell panel heated by solar heat. While evaporating. Therefore, a solar cell panel can be cooled effectively and the fall of the power generation efficiency accompanying a temperature rise can be suppressed.

Et al is preferably provided with water intake portion on the top of the box body in the configuration of the. When comprised in this way, water, such as rain water and tap water, can be taken in and stored in a box from a water intake part, and the rain water etc. can be used as cooling water of a solar cell panel.
In the above configuration, a ventilation window may be formed on the side wall of the box.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it can be installed on a horizontal surface such as a flat roof, and the installation structure is simple, and the effects of being able to easily perform installation work, layout change, and the like are exhibited.

(First embodiment)
Below, 1st Embodiment of this invention is described based on FIGS. 1-4.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, a plurality of solar cell devices 12 are arranged side by side in a horizontal front-rear direction and a left-right direction on a floor surface (land roof or the like) 11 such as a rooftop of a building. As shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 4, each solar cell device 12 includes a box 13 made of a bottomed and uncovered synthetic resin that can store water and has an open upper surface. The solar cell panel 14 is arranged. The solar cell panel 14 includes a holding plate 14a made of a light-transmitting material such as tempered glass, and a plurality of solar cells 14c joined to the back surface of the holding plate 14a via a transparent back material 14b. Has been. On the back surface of the solar cell panel 14, a sheet-like water retention member 15 made of a synthetic fiber nonwoven fabric or the like is disposed.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, a plurality of brackets 16 and 17 protrude from the corner and four sides of the inner peripheral edge of the opening of the box 13. The corner bracket 16 includes an interval holding portion 16a and a horizontal support portion 16b provided between lower end portions of the interval holding portion 16a. The intermediate bracket 17 includes a space holding portion 17a having a plane T shape and a horizontal support portion 17b provided between the lower ends of the space holding portion 17a. A support column 18 is erected on the inner surface of the central portion of the bottom wall of the box 13, and a bracket 19 corresponding to the brackets 16, 17 is provided at the upper end portion of the support column 18. The bracket 19 includes a planar substantially cross-shaped interval holding portion 19a and a horizontal support portion 19b provided between the lower ends of the interval holding portion 19a.

  A plurality of water retaining members 15 and the solar cell panel 14 are detachably mounted on the support portions 16b, 17b, and 19b of the brackets 16, 17, and 19, respectively. In this state, water such as rain water or tap water is provided between the inner peripheral edge of the opening of the box 13 and the outer edge of each water retention member 15 and each solar cell panel 14 by the interval holding portions 16a and 17a of the brackets 16 and 17. A gap 20 is formed as a water intake portion for taking in. At the same time, a gap 21 as a water intake portion for taking in water such as rain water is formed between the adjacent water retention members 15 and the solar cell panels 14 by the interval holding portions 17a and 19a of the brackets 17 and 19. ing.

  As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, a plurality of cylindrical water absorbing members 22 made of a porous rigid body such as ceramic are erected in the box 13 corresponding to each of the solar cell panels 14. The upper end of the water absorbing member 22 is joined to the water retaining member 15 on the back surface of each solar cell panel 14. Then, the water stored in the inner bottom portion of the box 13 soaks into the water retaining member 15 through the water absorbing member 22 by capillary action, and is evaporated while taking heat from the solar cell panel 14 as heat of vaporization. Thereby, the solar cell panel 14 is cooled, and the temperature rise of the solar cell panel 14 is suppressed. The water absorbing member 22 also has a function of supporting the water retaining member 15 and the solar cell panel 14 from the back side.

  A spacer 23 projects from the upper end of the outer surface of two adjacent side walls of the box 13, and a concave connecting portion 24 is formed on the outer surface of the spacer 23. A convex connection portion 25 that can be fitted into the concave connection portion 24 is formed at the upper end of the outer surface of the two adjacent side walls of the box 13. And as shown in FIG. 1, when arranging the several solar cell apparatus 12 in parallel on the floor surfaces 11, such as the rooftop of a building, between the box bodies 13 of the adjacent solar cell apparatus 12, the convex connection part 25 is concave shape. By fitting to the connecting portion 24, the adjacent box bodies 13 are connected in a positioned state. In this case, a spacer 23 is interposed between the side walls of adjacent box bodies 13, and a ventilation gap 26 is formed between the side walls of the box bodies 13.

  A ventilation window 27 is formed on the upper and lower middle portions of each side wall of the box 13 with a ventilation net. Then, air flows between the inside and outside of the box body 13 through the ventilation window 27 from the ventilation gap 26 between the side walls of the adjacent box bodies 13. This air flow suppresses the temperature rise in the box 13 and promotes the evaporation of water from the water retention member 15. Further, when a predetermined amount or more of rainwater flows into the box 13 from the gaps 20 and 21 as the water intake portion, excess water overflows from the ventilation window 27, so that the amount of water stored in the box 13 is constant. It is maintained at an appropriate amount below the amount.

Next, the operation of the solar cell device configured as described above will be described.
Now, when installing a plurality of solar cell devices 12 on a floor surface 11 such as a rooftop of a building, as shown in FIG. When the convex connecting portion 25 is fitted to the concave connecting portion 24 between the box bodies 13 to be connected, the box bodies 13 are connected to each other with a gap 26 for ventilation interposed therebetween. In this state, the solar cell devices 12 are regularly arranged vertically and horizontally. Therefore, the plurality of solar cell devices 12 can be easily and quickly installed on the floor surface 11 such as the roof without requiring a gantry or a support metal fitting.

And in the installation state of the solar cell apparatus 12, the photovoltaic cell 14c receives sunlight and generates electric power.
Here, since the gaps 20 and 21 are provided in the peripheral side portion of the solar cell panel 14, rain water that has fallen on the holding plate 14 a of the solar cell panel 14, tap water that has washed away the surface of the solar cell panel 14, and the like. It flows into the box 13 through the gaps 20 and 21 and is stored. And the water stored in the inner bottom part of the box 13 is pumped up through the water absorbing member 22 by capillary action, soaks into the water retaining member 15 on the back surface of the solar cell panel 14, and heat is generated as heat of vaporization from the solar cell panel 14. Evaporate while stealing. Therefore, the temperature rise of the solar cell panel 14 is suppressed. In this case, a gap 26 for air circulation is provided between adjacent box bodies 13 and a ventilation window 27 is formed on the side wall of the box body 13. Air flows inside and outside, and an excessive temperature rise inside the box 13 is suppressed, and evaporation of water from the water retaining member 15 is promoted. Therefore, the solar cell panel 14 can be effectively cooled, and a decrease in power generation efficiency accompanying a temperature rise can be suppressed.

Therefore, this embodiment has the following effects.
(1) It is only necessary to install the solar cell device 12 on the floor surface 11, and a steel frame, a mounting bracket, and the like are not required. For this reason, the solar cell device 12 can be easily and quickly installed at a required position. Moreover, in this installed state, the solar cell device 12 can be arranged in an orderly manner by fitting the connecting portions 24 and 25 together.

(2) Since it is only necessary to install the solar cell device 12 on the floor surface 11 as described above, the solar cell device 12 can be increased or decreased and the layout can be changed freely.
(3) Since the solar cell device 12 is mounted directly on the floor surface 11 and the solar cell panel 14 is installed in the upper opening thereof, it is possible to prevent the solar cell panel 14 from being lifted by wind. become.

  (4) Since the solar cell panel 14 can be cooled by rainwater, the temperature rise of the solar cell panel 14 can be suppressed without incurring an operating cost for operating the pump for supplying the refrigerant. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a decrease in power generation efficiency due to a temperature rise of the solar cell panel 14 without incurring costs.

  (5) Since the entire area of the box 13 having a plane area wider than the area of the solar cell panel 14 is used as a water storage section, rainwater can be stored in the water storage section, so that a sufficient amount of water storage can be obtained. Therefore, the solar cell panel 14 can be cooled even if there is no rainfall or a low rainfall amount continues for a long time. If rain water or the like in the box 13 runs down or is about to run out, water such as tap water can be replenished from the gaps 20 and 21 into the box 13, so that a situation in which there is no cooling water can be avoided. .

  (6) Since a large number of solar cell devices 12 can be installed adjacent to each other on the rooftop of the building, the temperature rise of the rooftop surface 11 can be suppressed. For this reason, the cooling load of a building can be reduced, and in addition to the energy saving by photovoltaic power generation, the energy saving of a cooling device can be aimed at.

  (7) Even if a large amount of rainwater is introduced into the box 13 due to heavy rain or long rain, excess rainwater flows out from the ventilation window 27. For this reason, the abnormally high water level in the box 13 can be prevented, and the solar cell panel 14 can be prevented from being submerged in the water storage. For this reason, generation | occurrence | production of the electrical trouble of the solar cell panel 14 can be prevented.

  (8) Mud and dust collected on the surface of the solar cell panel 14 are washed away by rainwater and dropped into the box 13 through the gaps 20 and 21. Therefore, the surface of the solar cell panel 14 can be prevented from being stained, and the power generation efficiency can be prevented from being lowered due to the contamination. It should be noted that mud and dust accumulated in the box 13 can be easily removed by removing the solar cell panel 14 from the box 13.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIG. 5 with a focus on differences from the first embodiment.

  In the second embodiment, the water absorbing member 22 is composed of a belt-like body such as a non-woven fabric, and is suspended in the box 13 with one end joined and fixed to the lower surface of the water retaining member 15. Then, the water stored in the box 13 soaks into the water retaining member 15 via the water absorbing member 22 due to capillary action.

Therefore, also in the second embodiment, the same effects as those described in the first embodiment can be obtained.
In particular, the second embodiment has the following effects.

(9) Since an inexpensive nonwoven fabric or the like is used as the water absorbing member 22, the equipment cost can be reduced.
(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with a focus on differences from the first embodiment with reference to FIGS.

  In this 3rd Embodiment, the water level meter as a detection means for detecting an internal water storage amount in the box 13 of arbitrary solar cell devices 12 among the plurality of solar cell devices 12 in the installed state. 31 is arranged. A water supply pipe 32 is provided in the vicinity of the installation portion of the solar cell device 12, and the water supply pipe 32 is connected to a water supply source (not shown) such as a water supply or a water supply tank via a water supply valve 33 formed of an electromagnetic valve. A water distribution pipe 34 is connected to the water supply pipe 32 so as to extend through each solar cell device 12, and a plurality of small holes 34 a are formed in the pipe walls of the water distribution pipes 34. The water supply pipe 32 and the water distribution pipe 34 constitute supply means. Then, when the amount of water stored detected by the water level gauge 31 falls below a predetermined value, the water supply valve 33 is automatically opened and placed on the box 13 of each solar cell device 12 from the small hole 34a of the water distribution pipe 34. Water is supplied. For this reason, water is replenished in the box 13 through the gaps 20 and 21 on the peripheral side portion of the solar cell panel 14, and the water level is recovered. And if the water level in the box 13 reaches a predetermined value, it is detected by the water level gauge 31 and the water supply valve 33 is closed.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, planting 35 is provided in place of the solar cell panel 14 in an arbitrary box 13 among the plurality of boxes 13 installed. In this planting 35, soil 37 is spread in a frame 36 installed on the water retention member 15, and plants 38 are planted in the soil 37. A large number of small holes 36 a are formed in the bottom of the frame 36. The water retaining member 15 also has a function for preventing the outflow of soil from the small hole 36a.

Therefore, in the third embodiment, the water stored in the box 13 is supplied from the small hole 36 a to the soil 37 through the water retaining member 15 and is used for the growth of the plant 38.
Therefore, also in the third embodiment, not only the same effects as those described in the first embodiment can be obtained, but also the following effects can be obtained.

  (10) Since the water can be supplied into the box 13 through the water supply pipe 32 and the water distribution pipe 34 at a time when the amount of rainfall is small, the temperature of the solar cell panel 14 is maintained even when the stored rainwater is exhausted. An increase in the power generation efficiency can be prevented by suppressing the increase.

  (11) Since the planting 35 is provided in the box 13, rooftop greening can be promoted. In this case, the water can be constantly supplied to the planting 35 because the water can be kept in the box 13 by the water supply from the water supply pipe 32 and the water distribution pipe 34 as described above. Therefore, the planting of the building can be achieved by the planting 35.

(Fourth embodiment)
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described based on FIG. 9 with a focus on differences from the first embodiment.

  Now, in this 4th Embodiment, it arrange | positions so that the solar cell panel 14 may incline. Therefore, when the box 13 is installed on the floor surface 11 such as the roof of a building, the solar cell panel 14 can be arranged facing south.

Therefore, in the fourth embodiment, the following effects can be obtained in addition to the effects described in the first embodiment.
(12) Since the solar cell panel 14 can be directed southward, the power generation efficiency of the solar cell panel 14 can be increased.

(Example of change)
In addition, this embodiment can also be changed and embodied as follows.
-Provide a drainage part at the bottom of the box 13. If it does in this way, the drainage accompanying the water washing inside the box 13 etc. can be performed simply by removing solar cell panel 14.

  -Instead of the porous water-absorbing member 22, a cylindrical body made of a rigid body such as ordinary synthetic resin is provided, and a water-absorbing sheet is wound around the inner or outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical body, or both the inner and outer peripheral surfaces. Pump up the water with the water absorbent sheet.

In the third embodiment, the water supply valve 33 is manually opened and closed.
-In 3rd Embodiment, as shown with a dashed-two dotted line in FIG. 8, the piping 39 which has the water supply hole 39a for the irrigation with respect to the planting 35 above the planting 35 is provided.

  Unlike the above embodiments, only the tap water is stored in the box 13. Thus, when comprised, the upper part of the box 13 is closed, the clearance gaps 20 and 21 for rainwater introduction are not provided, and water supply, such as the water supply pipe 32 and the water distribution pipe 34 like 3rd Embodiment, is provided. Water is supplied from the facility.

  ・ Instead of some solar panels 14, install a panel such as a grating panel that can be walked on the top surface. In this way, a sidewalk can be provided in the installation area of the solar cell device 12.

  -Combining the configuration of the first embodiment and the configuration of the second embodiment. That is, in a configuration in which a cylindrical water supply member made of a porous rigid body is provided, a sheet-like water supply member made of a nonwoven fabric or the like is provided.

-Install the solar cell device 12 of the present invention at a place other than the rooftop of the building, for example, on the site of a plaza.
(Another technical idea)
Furthermore, technical ideas other than the claims grasped by the above embodiment will be described.

(A) The solar cell device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the solar cell panel is detachable from the box.
In this way, the inside of the box can be easily washed with water.

(B) The solar cell device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and the other technical idea (A), wherein the box is provided with a drain plug.
If it does in this way, the drainage accompanying the water washing etc. inside a box can be performed easily.

  (C) A plurality of water-retaining members and solar cell panels are arranged in parallel at a predetermined gap in the opening of the box, and the gap is used as a water inlet. The solar cell device according to any one of the other technical ideas (A) and (B).

  (D) The box body has a detection means for detecting the amount of water stored therein, and for supplying water to the box body when the water storage amount detected by the detection means falls below a predetermined value. The solar cell device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and the other technical ideas (A) to (C), characterized in that supply means is provided.

According to this configuration, water can be replenished from the water supply or the like into the box when the stored water is drained in the box during a drought period or the like.
(E) The sun according to any one of claims 1 to 3, and the other technical ideas (A) to (D), wherein the water absorbing member is formed of a porous rigid body. Battery device.

  According to this configuration, the water retaining member and the solar cell panel can be supported in the vicinity of the opening of the box through the water absorbing member made of a porous rigid body, and the water in the box is retained through the water absorbing member. Can be sucked into a member.

  (F) The said box body was provided with the connection part for connecting with another adjacent box body, The other technical thoughts (A)-(E) The solar cell apparatus as described in any one of them.

  According to this configuration, when a plurality of solar cell devices are arranged side by side on the roof of a building, the box body can be connected to another adjacent box body through the connecting portion in a predetermined positional relationship, The battery device can be arranged in an orderly manner.

(G) The solar cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and other technical ideas (A) to (F), wherein planting is provided on an upper portion of the box. apparatus.
According to this configuration, the rooftop greening of the building can be promoted.

The top view which shows the installation state of the solar cell apparatus of 1st Embodiment. The partially broken top view which expands and shows one solar cell apparatus. The perspective view which decomposes | disassembles and shows the solar cell apparatus of FIG. The expanded sectional view in the 3-3 line of FIG. Sectional drawing which shows the solar cell apparatus of 2nd Embodiment. The principal part top view which shows the installation state of the solar cell apparatus of 3rd Embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows the installation state of the solar cell apparatus of FIG. Sectional drawing which expands and shows the part of the water supply pipe | tube of FIG. Sectional drawing which shows the solar cell apparatus of 4th Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Floor surfaces, such as a rooftop, 12 ... Solar cell apparatus, 13 ... Box, 14 ... Solar cell panel, 15 ... Water retention member, 16, 17, 19 ... Bracket, 16a, 17a, 19a ... Space | interval holding | maintenance part, 16b, 17b, 19b: Supporting part, 20, 21: Clearance as water intake part, 22 ... Water absorbing member, 24 ... Concave connecting part, 25 ... Convex connecting part, 27 ... Ventilation window, 31 ... Water level meter as detecting means, 33 ... water supply valve, 34 ... water distribution pipe as replenishment means, 35 ... planting.

Claims (3)

While opening the upper part of the box that can store water ,
Provide a bracket with a lower support than the surface of this opening,
While placing the solar cell panel on the support part of this bracket,
A solar cell device characterized in that a water retaining member is provided on the back surface of the solar cell panel, and a water absorbing member for sucking up water stored in the box is connected to the water retaining member. The solar cell device according to claim 1, wherein a water intake portion is provided at an upper portion of the box.   The solar cell device according to claim 1, wherein a ventilation window is formed on a side wall of the box.

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