JP5288380B2 - Evaporative cooling wall - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は蒸発冷却壁体に関し、特に水を表面より蒸発させることで周囲の空気を冷却する多孔質体を備える蒸発冷却壁体に関する。 The present invention relates to an evaporative cooling wall body, and more particularly to an evaporative cooling wall body including a porous body that cools surrounding air by evaporating water from the surface.
近年、ヒートアイランド現象に代表される都市熱環境の悪化が大きな社会問題となっている。ヒートアイランドの形成要因の一つとして、都市域においてコンクリート・アスファルト等の人工被覆面が増大すると同時に緑や水面が失われ蒸発冷却効果が減少したことが挙げられる。よって、都市熱環境の改善手法の一つとして、水の蒸発潜熱による冷却効果を利用した各種システムが高い関心を集めている。 In recent years, deterioration of the urban thermal environment represented by the heat island phenomenon has become a major social problem. One of the factors behind the formation of heat islands is that the artificial covering surface of concrete, asphalt, etc. increased in urban areas and at the same time the green and water surfaces were lost and the evaporative cooling effect decreased. Therefore, as one of the methods for improving the urban thermal environment, various systems using the cooling effect due to the latent heat of vaporization of water are attracting high interest.
特許文献１には蒸発冷却壁体に関する技術が開示されている。図６は特許文献１に開示されている蒸発冷却壁体を説明するための図である。図６に示すように特許文献１にかかる蒸発冷却壁体は、冷却ユニット１３１、１３２、１３３を有する。各冷却ユニット１３１、１３２、１３３は、内面及び外面が開放された形態の枠１４０と、枠１４０の底部に形成されたトレー状の水槽１３６と、下部を水槽１３６内の水１５０に浸漬させる状態で互いに平行且つ互いの間に所定の隙間を形成する状態で水槽１３６から立ち上がる円筒形状の多数の吸水性多孔質体１３８とを備えている。そして、各冷却ユニット１３１、１３２、１３３の水槽１３６には、壁体１２０の内部において上下方向に延びる配管１４１、１４２、１４３により水が供給される。 Patent Document 1 discloses a technique related to an evaporative cooling wall body. FIG. 6 is a view for explaining the evaporative cooling wall body disclosed in Patent Document 1. In FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, the evaporative cooling wall body according to Patent Document 1 includes cooling units 131, 132, and 133. Each cooling unit 131, 132, 133 is in a state where the inner and outer surfaces of the frame 140 are open, the tray-shaped water tank 136 formed at the bottom of the frame 140, and the lower part is immersed in the water 150 in the water tank 136. And a large number of cylindrical water-absorbing porous bodies 138 rising from the water tank 136 in a state of being parallel to each other and forming a predetermined gap therebetween. And water is supplied to the water tank 136 of each cooling unit 131,132,133 by the piping 141,142,143 extended in the up-down direction inside the wall 120. FIG.
つまり、中段の冷却ユニット１３２に下端部が連結された配管１４２は、最上段の冷却ユニット１３１における水槽１３６からのオーバーフロー水を中段の冷却ユニット１３２の水槽１３６に導くように設けられている。また、下段の冷却ユニット１３３に下端部が連結された配管１４３は、中段の冷却ユニット１３２における水槽１３６からのオーバーフロー水を下段の冷却ユニット１３３における水槽１３６に導くように設けられている。また、下段の冷却ユニット１３３における水槽１３６からのオーバーフロー水は、配管１６２から排水される。 That is, the pipe 142 whose lower end is connected to the middle cooling unit 132 is provided to guide the overflow water from the water tank 136 in the uppermost cooling unit 131 to the water tank 136 of the middle cooling unit 132. A pipe 143 having a lower end connected to the lower cooling unit 133 is provided to guide overflow water from the water tank 136 in the middle cooling unit 132 to the water tank 136 in the lower cooling unit 133. Further, the overflow water from the water tank 136 in the lower cooling unit 133 is drained from the pipe 162.
一方、最上段の冷却ユニット１３１に下端部が連結された配管１４１は、その最上段の冷却ユニット１３１の上側において壁体１２０内部に配置された貯水タンク１４４内部の水１５０を最上段の冷却ユニット１３１の水槽１３６へ導くように設けられている。最上段の冷却ユニット１３１に連結された配管１４１にはバルブ１４６が設けられている。貯水タンク１４４の上側の天井にはすり鉢状の集水部１４８が設けられており、この集水部１４８にて雨水１５１が集められ、貯水タンク１４４に貯水される。 On the other hand, the pipe 141 whose lower end is connected to the uppermost cooling unit 131 is configured such that the water 150 inside the water storage tank 144 disposed inside the wall body 120 on the upper side of the uppermost cooling unit 131 is used as the uppermost cooling unit 131. It is provided so as to lead to 131 water tanks 136. A valve 141 is provided in the pipe 141 connected to the uppermost cooling unit 131. A mortar-shaped water collecting part 148 is provided on the upper ceiling of the water storage tank 144, and rain water 151 is collected by the water collecting part 148 and stored in the water storage tank 144.
冷却ユニット１３１、１３２、１３３の枠１４０の内面開放部及び外面開放部には多数の羽板１５２が設けられており、通気可能とされている。また、壁体１２０の外パネルにも羽板１３５が設けられており、通気可能とされている。図６の白抜き矢印は空気が流れる方向を示している。そして、特許文献１にかかる蒸発冷却壁体を用いることで、各冷却ユニット１３１、１３２、１３３に設けられた吸水性多孔質体１３８間の隙間を流れる空気が、水分保持により冷えた状態にある吸水性多孔質体１３８自体による冷却効果により、更には吸水性多孔質体１３８の表面から蒸発する水分の蒸発潜熱による冷却効果により、冷却される。 A large number of blades 152 are provided in the inner surface opening portion and the outer surface opening portion of the frame 140 of the cooling units 131, 132, and 133 so that ventilation is possible. In addition, a wing plate 135 is also provided on the outer panel of the wall body 120 to allow ventilation. The white arrow in FIG. 6 indicates the direction in which air flows. And the air which flows through the clearance gap between the water absorptive porous bodies 138 provided in each cooling unit 131,132,133 by the evaporative cooling wall body concerning patent document 1 is in the state cooled by moisture holding | maintenance. Cooling is performed by the cooling effect by the water-absorbing porous body 138 itself, and further by the cooling effect by the latent heat of vaporization of water evaporated from the surface of the water-absorbing porous body 138.
また、特許文献２には冷房装置に関する技術が開示されている。図７は特許文献２に開示されている冷房装置を備えた建物の縦断面図である。図７に示す冷房装置は主として、冷却パネル２２０、給水装置２３０および冷風供給部２４０を備える。建物２１０の前壁２１３は、ほぼ全面が冷却パネル２２０となっている。後壁２１４、床２１５および天井２１６に、それぞれ断熱材（図示しない）が挟み込まれている。 Patent Document 2 discloses a technique related to a cooling device. FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a building provided with a cooling device disclosed in Patent Document 2. The cooling device shown in FIG. 7 mainly includes a cooling panel 220, a water supply device 230, and a cold air supply unit 240. Nearly the entire front wall 213 of the building 210 is a cooling panel 220. Insulating materials (not shown) are sandwiched between the rear wall 214, the floor 215, and the ceiling 216, respectively.
冷却パネル２２０は、吸水性の多孔質部材２２３からなっている。多孔質部材２２３は、素焼で作られている。給水装置２３０は、給水ポンプ２３１を備えており、給水ポンプ２３１の入口側は給水タンク２３２に、出口側は給水管２３３にそれぞれ接続されている。そして、給水管２３３から分岐した分岐管２３４から冷却パネル２２０の多孔質部材２２３に給水される。屋根２１２で受けた雨水は、樋２３５および雨水管２３６を経て給水タンク２３２に集められる。多孔質部材２２３に設けられた湿度センサからの湿度計測信号は、信号線２３８を介して給水ポンプコントローラ２３９に出力される。 The cooling panel 220 includes a water-absorbing porous member 223. The porous member 223 is made by unglazed baking. The water supply device 230 includes a water supply pump 231, and an inlet side of the water supply pump 231 is connected to the water supply tank 232 and an outlet side thereof is connected to the water supply pipe 233. Then, water is supplied from the branch pipe 234 branched from the water supply pipe 233 to the porous member 223 of the cooling panel 220. Rainwater received on the roof 212 is collected in the water supply tank 232 via the gutter 235 and the rainwater pipe 236. A humidity measurement signal from a humidity sensor provided on the porous member 223 is output to the water supply pump controller 239 via the signal line 238.
冷風供給部２４０は、冷却パネル背面の冷却面２２６と隔壁２４１との間に形成された、上下方向に延びる室内冷却流路２４２からなっている。室内冷却流路２４２の上端の開口部が空気流入口２４３となっており、下端の開口部が空気流出口２４４となっている。室内冷却流路２４２内を流れる空気は、冷却パネル冷却面２２６で冷却される。多孔質部材２２３の表層部の水分は、太陽光線Ｓの照射、あるいは外気などにより加熱されて気化され、その気化熱によって冷却パネル２２０が冷却される。室内冷却流路２４２の空気は、冷却パネル冷却面２２６に接触して冷却される。冷却された空気は下降して、室内冷却流路２４２の空気流出口２４４から冷房室２１１に流入し、冷房室２１１内を冷却する。 The cold air supply unit 240 includes an indoor cooling channel 242 that is formed between the cooling surface 226 on the back surface of the cooling panel and the partition wall 241 and extends in the vertical direction. An opening at the upper end of the indoor cooling flow path 242 is an air inlet 243, and an opening at the lower end is an air outlet 244. Air flowing through the indoor cooling flow path 242 is cooled by the cooling panel cooling surface 226. The moisture in the surface layer portion of the porous member 223 is heated and vaporized by irradiation with sunlight S or outside air, and the cooling panel 220 is cooled by the heat of vaporization. The air in the indoor cooling flow path 242 contacts the cooling panel cooling surface 226 and is cooled. The cooled air descends and flows into the cooling chamber 211 from the air outlet 244 of the indoor cooling flow path 242 to cool the inside of the cooling chamber 211.
特許文献１にかかる蒸発冷却壁体では、吸水性多孔質体１３８の揚水能力が低いため（３０〜４０ｃｍ程度）、給水路を多層（図７では、冷却ユニット１３１、１３２、１３３）にする必要があった。このため蒸発冷却壁体の構成が複雑になるという問題があった。
また、特許文献２にかかる冷房装置では、多孔質部材２２３に水を供給する際に給水ポンプ２３１を設ける必要があるという問題があった。
また、従来の蒸発冷却壁体では、日射熱を多く受けている壁面での活発な蒸発により壁面への給水が蒸発に追いつかず、一部の壁面が乾燥した状態となり、その表面温度が上昇し蒸発冷却効果が低減するという問題があった。
In the evaporative cooling wall body according to Patent Document 1, since the water-absorbing porous body 138 has a low pumping capacity (about 30 to 40 cm), the water supply path needs to be multi-layered (in FIG. 7, the cooling units 131, 132, and 133). was there. Therefore, there is a problem that the configuration of the evaporative cooling wall body becomes complicated.
Further, the cooling device according to Patent Document 2 has a problem that it is necessary to provide a water supply pump 231 when water is supplied to the porous member 223.
In addition, in the conventional evaporative cooling wall, water supply to the wall cannot keep up with evaporation due to active evaporation on the wall receiving a lot of solar heat, and some of the wall becomes dry, and the surface temperature rises. There was a problem that the evaporative cooling effect was reduced.
上記課題に鑑み、本発明の目的は簡素な装置構成で冷却効率のよい蒸発冷却壁体を提供することである。 In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an evaporative cooling wall body having a simple device configuration and good cooling efficiency.
本発明にかかる蒸発冷却壁体は、給水部と、前記給水部から上部方向に延びるように設けられ、前記給水部に貯水された水を水面から１ｍ以上の高さに揚水可能な高揚水性多孔質体と、を備え、前記高揚水性多孔質体が吸い上げた水を表面より蒸発させることで周囲の空気を冷却する。 The evaporative cooling wall body according to the present invention is provided with a water supply portion and a highly pumped porous body that is provided so as to extend upward from the water supply portion and can pump water stored in the water supply portion to a height of 1 m or more from the water surface. And the surrounding air is cooled by evaporating the water sucked up by the highly pumped porous body from the surface.
本発明により簡素な装置構成で冷却効率のよい蒸発冷却壁体を提供することが可能になる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an evaporative cooling wall body having a good cooling efficiency with a simple apparatus configuration.
実施の形態１
以下、図面を参照して発明の実施の形態１について説明する。図１は、本実施の形態にかかる蒸発冷却壁体を示す斜視図である。図１に示す蒸発冷却壁体は給水部１と給水部１から上部方向に延びるように設けられ、給水部１に貯水された水に浸されると共に、当該水を水面から１ｍ以上の高さに揚水可能な高揚水性多孔質体４と、を備える。給水部１には配管５から水が供給され、配管６から水が排出される。高揚水性多孔質体４は、給水部１内に一定量貯水された水を吸い上げ、吸い上げた水を高揚水性多孔質体４の表面から蒸発させることができる構造体である。このような構成を有する蒸発冷却壁体により、直達日射を遮蔽することができ、また、高揚水性多孔質体４の表面からの水の蒸発により壁面温度が下げられ、外気湿球温度に近い冷放射面が形成される。更に、壁体を通過した空気（風）が冷却され、冷気が創り出される。以下で、本実施の形態にかかる蒸発冷却壁体について詳細に説明する。
Embodiment 1
Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an evaporative cooling wall body according to the present embodiment. The evaporative cooling wall body shown in FIG. 1 is provided so as to extend upward from the water supply unit 1 and the water supply unit 1, and is immersed in water stored in the water supply unit 1 and has a height of 1 m or more from the water surface. And a highly pumped porous body 4 capable of pumping water. Water is supplied to the water supply unit 1 from the pipe 5, and water is discharged from the pipe 6. The highly pumped porous body 4 is a structure that can suck up a certain amount of water stored in the water supply unit 1 and evaporate the sucked up water from the surface of the highly pumped porous body 4. The evaporative cooling wall body having such a structure can shield direct solar radiation, and the wall surface temperature is lowered by the evaporation of water from the surface of the highly pumped porous body 4, so that the cooling temperature close to the outside wet bulb temperature is obtained. A radiation surface is formed. Furthermore, the air (wind) that has passed through the wall body is cooled, and cold air is created. Hereinafter, the evaporative cooling wall according to the present embodiment will be described in detail.
図２は本実施の形態にかかる蒸発冷却壁体を説明するための断面図である。図２に示すように本実施の形態にかかる蒸発冷却壁体は、給水部１と給水部１から上部方向に延びるように設けられ、給水部１に貯水された水３に浸されると共に、当該水を水面から１ｍ以上の高さ（ｈ）に揚水可能な高揚水性多孔質体４と、を備える。 FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the evaporative cooling wall according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the evaporative cooling wall according to the present embodiment is provided so as to extend upward from the water supply unit 1 and the water supply unit 1, and is immersed in the water 3 stored in the water supply unit 1. A highly pumped porous body 4 capable of pumping the water to a height (h) of 1 m or more from the water surface.
給水部１は高揚水性多孔質体４に水３を供給することができる機能を有するものであればどのようなものであってもよい。図２では、トレー状の給水部１に満たされた水３に高揚水性多孔質４を浸す構成としているが、例えばパイプ状の高揚水性多孔質体４の下端に配管継手を取り付け、給水ホースと接続する構成としてもよい。また、高揚水性多孔質体４が水に浸される長さは、高揚水性多孔質体４が水を１ｍ以上の高さまで吸い上げることができるような長さとすることができる。例えば、高揚水性多孔質体４は１０ｃｍ以上の長さ水に浸すようにすることができる。高揚水性多孔質体４の根元部分を１０ｃｍ以上水に浸すことで、十分な揚水力を得ることができる。 The water supply unit 1 may be anything as long as it has a function of supplying water 3 to the highly pumped porous body 4. In FIG. 2, the highly pumped porous material 4 is immersed in the water 3 filled in the tray-shaped water supply unit 1. For example, a pipe joint is attached to the lower end of the pipe-shaped highly pumped porous material 4, It is good also as a structure to connect. Moreover, the length by which the highly pumped porous body 4 is immersed in water can be set to such a length that the highly pumped porous body 4 can suck water up to a height of 1 m or more. For example, the highly pumped porous body 4 can be immersed in water having a length of 10 cm or more. Sufficient pumping power can be obtained by immersing the base portion of the highly pumped porous body 4 in water of 10 cm or more.
また、高揚水性多孔質体４は給水部１に貯水された水を水面から１ｍ以上の高さに揚水可能な材料であればどのような材料であってもよい。例えば、高揚水性多孔質体４として、気孔が一方向に配向した貫通孔を有するセラミック材料を用いることができる。このような高揚水性多孔質体４は毛管引力により水３を吸い上げることができる。例えば１．２ｍの高さを有する高揚水性多孔質体４を用いると、給水部１に貯水された水を１ｍ以上の高さまで吸い上げることができる。また、例えば１．８ｍの高さを有する高揚水性多孔質体４を用いると、給水部１に貯水された水を１．３ｍ以上の高さまで吸い上げることができる。なお、人間の身長程度の高さまでに水を吸い上げる場合を考慮すると、例えば高揚水性多孔質体４の高さは１．２ｍ以上１．８ｍ以下とすることができる。 The highly pumped porous body 4 may be any material as long as it can pump the water stored in the water supply unit 1 to a height of 1 m or more from the water surface. For example, as the highly pumped porous body 4, a ceramic material having through holes in which pores are oriented in one direction can be used. Such highly pumped porous body 4 can suck up water 3 by capillary attraction. For example, when the highly pumped porous body 4 having a height of 1.2 m is used, the water stored in the water supply unit 1 can be sucked up to a height of 1 m or more. For example, when the highly pumped porous body 4 having a height of 1.8 m is used, the water stored in the water supply unit 1 can be sucked up to a height of 1.3 m or more. In consideration of the case where water is sucked up to the height of human height, for example, the height of the highly pumped porous body 4 can be set to 1.2 m or more and 1.8 m or less.
このような高揚水性多孔質体４は、セラミック坏土に分解性の高アスペクト比の気孔形成剤を混合し、押出成形によりセラミック坏土の成形および気孔形成剤の配向を行った後、乾燥、焼結を行うことにより所定の孔径を有する一方向の貫通孔を導入することで形成することができる。気孔形成剤としては、たとえば炭素繊維を用い、その径および長さを適宜選択することにより、所望の孔径を有する貫通孔を得ることができる。また、セラミック材料としては、例えば酸化アルミニウムや酸化シリコンを用いることができる。押出成形には、たとえば、胴部、テーパ部および口金部からなるピストン式押出し成形機であって、口金部の内径が胴部の内径より小さいものを用いることができる。 Such a highly pumped porous body 4 is prepared by mixing a decomposable high aspect ratio pore-forming agent into a ceramic clay, drying the ceramic clay and orienting the pore-forming agent by extrusion, It can be formed by introducing a unidirectional through hole having a predetermined hole diameter by sintering. As the pore forming agent, for example, carbon fibers are used, and through holes having a desired pore diameter can be obtained by appropriately selecting the diameter and length thereof. As the ceramic material, for example, aluminum oxide or silicon oxide can be used. For the extrusion molding, for example, a piston-type extrusion molding machine including a body part, a taper part, and a base part, in which the inner diameter of the base part is smaller than the inner diameter of the body part can be used.
図３は、本実施の形態にかかる蒸発冷却壁体に用いられる長さ１．２ｍの高揚水性多孔質体４の時間に対する揚水高さを示す図である。この場合、高揚水性多孔質体４の下端を高さ１０ｃｍまで水中に浸した後の揚水高さを目視および近赤外線水分計により測定した。揚水高さの測定方法としては、まず、目視(表面濡れ具合から)で水が上昇した大体の高さを決める。そこに近赤外線水分計の測定点を当てて、上下方向へ測定点を微移動しながら近赤外線水分計の指示値の変化を観測する。その指示値が高揚水性多孔質体の気乾時の指示値位になり始める時点での高さを揚水高さとする。測定場所は、（１）無風で温湿度が安定している室内、（２）日射が遮蔽されており、風通しの良いピロティ、（３）周囲に遮蔽物がなく、日中日射が常に当たっている屋外とした。なお、測定日は風が比較的弱くかつ日射量が比較的多い夏季晴天日であった。 FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the pumping height with respect to time of the 1.2-m long highly pumped porous body 4 used in the evaporative cooling wall body according to the present embodiment. In this case, the height of the pumped water after the lower end of the highly pumped porous body 4 was immersed in water to a height of 10 cm was measured visually and with a near infrared moisture meter. As a method for measuring the pumping height, first, determine the approximate height at which the water has risen visually (from the surface wetness). The measurement point of the near-infrared moisture meter is applied to the measurement point, and the change in the indicated value of the near-infrared moisture meter is observed while finely moving the measurement point in the vertical direction. The height at the time when the indicated value starts to become the indicated value at the time of air drying of the highly pumped porous body is defined as the pumping height. The measurement location is (1) indoors where there is no wind and temperature and humidity are stable, (2) the solar radiation is shielded and airy, and (3) there is no shielding around, and the solar radiation is always in the sun. Outdoor. The measurement day was a sunny summer day with relatively weak winds and relatively large amounts of solar radiation.
図３に示すように、高揚水性多孔質体４の浸水開始から１時間経過後の揚水高さは、三つの場所において３６ｃｍ前後であった。それ以降は蒸発量が最も少ない室内での揚水高さが高くなり、次いではピロティの方が高くなる結果となった。１２時間浸水後の揚水高さは室内・ピロティ・屋外ではそれぞれ８８．２ｃｍ、７８．７ｃｍ、７５．９ｃｍとなった。また、揚水高さが１００ｃｍに達すにはそれぞれ１８時間、２８時間、３２時間を必要とした。なお、図３に示した高揚水性多孔質体の揚水高さの試験結果は一例であり、高揚水性多孔質体の製造方法等によりその特性は変化する。 As shown in FIG. 3, the pumping height after 1 hour from the start of the flooding of the highly pumped porous body 4 was around 36 cm at three locations. After that, the pumping height in the room with the least amount of evaporation increased, and then the piloti increased. The pumping height after 12 hours of water immersion was 88.2 cm, 78.7 cm, and 75.9 cm indoors, piloti, and outdoors, respectively. Moreover, it took 18 hours, 28 hours, and 32 hours for the pumping height to reach 100 cm, respectively. In addition, the test result of the pumping height of the highly pumped porous material shown in FIG. 3 is an example, and the characteristics change depending on the manufacturing method of the highly pumped porous material.
また、高揚水性多孔質体４の本数は、得ようとする冷気の程度に基づき決定することができる。図４は本実施の形態にかかる蒸発冷却壁体に用いられる高揚水性多孔質体４の配置を説明するための上面図である。例えば、図４に示すように、高揚水性多孔質体を千鳥状に配置することができる。このように千鳥状に配置することで、風が高揚水性多孔質体４にあたる面積を増やすことができ、効率的に冷気を得ることができる。 Moreover, the number of the highly pumped porous bodies 4 can be determined based on the degree of cold to be obtained. FIG. 4 is a top view for explaining the arrangement of the highly pumped porous body 4 used in the evaporative cooling wall body according to the present embodiment. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, highly pumped porous bodies can be arranged in a staggered manner. Thus, by arranging in a staggered manner, the area where the wind hits the highly pumped porous body 4 can be increased, and cold air can be efficiently obtained.
このように、本実施の形態にかかる蒸発冷却壁体では、水面から１ｍ以上の高さに揚水可能な高揚水性多孔質体４を用いているので、特許文献１に示したように給水路を多層にする必要がなくなる。また、特許文献２にかかる冷房装置のように給水のための給水ポンプを設ける必要がなくなる。このため、蒸発冷却壁体の装置構成を簡素化することができ、また冷却効率のよい蒸発冷却壁体を提供することができる。
また、本実施の形態にかかる蒸発冷却壁体を用いることで、給水ポンプを用いることなく地下や地表面に設置された貯水槽に蓄えられた雨水や水道水等を蒸発用の水として用いることがでる。また、本実施の形態にかかる蒸発冷却壁体を用いることで、長期にわたり安定的に蒸発冷却性能を維持することができる。
Thus, in the evaporative cooling wall body according to the present embodiment, since the highly pumped porous body 4 that can pump up to a height of 1 m or more from the water surface is used, as shown in Patent Document 1, a water supply channel is provided. There is no need for multiple layers. Moreover, it becomes unnecessary to provide the water supply pump for water supply like the air_conditioning | cooling apparatus concerning patent document 2. FIG. For this reason, the apparatus structure of an evaporative cooling wall body can be simplified, and an evaporative cooling wall body with good cooling efficiency can be provided.
Moreover, by using the evaporative cooling wall according to the present embodiment, rainwater or tap water stored in a water tank installed underground or on the ground surface is used as water for evaporation without using a water supply pump. I get out. Further, by using the evaporative cooling wall body according to the present embodiment, it is possible to stably maintain the evaporative cooling performance over a long period of time.
実施の形態２
次に、図５を用いて本発明の実施の形態２にかかる蒸発冷却壁体について説明する。図５（ａ）は本実施の形態にかかる蒸発冷却壁体を横方向からみた断面図であり、図５（ｂ）は本実施の形態にかかる蒸発冷却壁体を上方向からみた断面図である（蓋１２は省略している）。本実施の形態にかかる蒸発冷却壁体は、給水口８と、給水口８から供給された水を堰き止める所定の高さを備える堰２と、堰２からあふれ出た水を排出する排出口９と、を備える給水部（以下、閉水路ともいう）１で構成することができる。また、高揚水性多孔質体４は、堰２により堰き止められた水３に浸されると共に、閉水路１から上部に延びるように設置されている。高揚水性多孔質体４は、堰２により堰き止められた水３を１ｍ以上の高さまで吸い上げると共に、吸い上げた水を表面より蒸発させることで周囲の空気を冷却する。パイプ状の高揚水性多孔質体４を用いる場合は、空洞１１を経由して閉水路１内に塵等が侵入することを防ぐために蓋１２を設けてもよい。また、閉水路１と高揚水性多孔質体４の接続部分を封止材やパッキンなどで封止してもよい。
Embodiment 2
Next, the evaporative cooling wall according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5A is a cross-sectional view of the evaporative cooling wall body according to the present embodiment as viewed from the lateral direction, and FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view of the evaporative cooling wall body according to the present embodiment as viewed from above. Yes (the lid 12 is omitted). The evaporative cooling wall according to the present embodiment includes a water supply port 8, a weir 2 having a predetermined height for blocking water supplied from the water supply port 8, and a discharge port for discharging water overflowing from the weir 2. 9 and a water supply unit (hereinafter also referred to as a closed channel) 1. The highly pumped porous body 4 is immersed in the water 3 blocked by the weir 2 and is installed so as to extend upward from the closed water channel 1. The highly pumped porous body 4 cools the surrounding air by sucking up the water 3 blocked by the weir 2 to a height of 1 m or more and evaporating the sucked-up water from the surface. When the pipe-like highly pumped porous body 4 is used, a lid 12 may be provided to prevent dust and the like from entering the closed water channel 1 via the cavity 11. Moreover, you may seal the connection part of the closed water channel 1 and the highly pumped porous body 4 with a sealing material or packing.
本実施の形態にかかる給水装置の閉水路１の給水口８には配管５から水が供給される。このとき、給水口８には配管５からフィルターを介して水が供給されてもよい。例えば、配管５は家屋に設けられている雨樋と接続されており、雨樋で集めた雨水を給水口８から閉水路１に供給することができる。また、本実施の形態にかかる給水装置の閉水路１には堰２が設けられており、給水口８から供給された水を堰き止めることで、閉水路１内に一定量の水３を溜めることができる。閉水路１内に溜める水３の量は堰２の高さｈｓで決めることができる。 Water is supplied from the pipe 5 to the water supply port 8 of the closed water channel 1 of the water supply apparatus according to the present embodiment. At this time, water may be supplied to the water supply port 8 from the pipe 5 through a filter. For example, the pipe 5 is connected to a rain gutter provided in a house, and rain water collected by the gutter can be supplied to the closed water channel 1 from the water supply port 8. In addition, a weir 2 is provided in the closed water channel 1 of the water supply apparatus according to the present embodiment, and a fixed amount of water 3 is stored in the closed water channel 1 by blocking water supplied from the water supply port 8. be able to. The amount of water 3 stored in the closed channel 1 can be determined by the height h s of the weir 2.
例えば、堰２の高さｈｓは蒸発冷却壁体を使用する地域の連続無降雨日数など降雨パターンに基づき決定することができる。例えば、夏季降雨間隔が短い地域では堰２の高さｈｓを低めに設定する。堰２の高さｈｓを低めに設定することで、水３が閉水路１内に長期間溜まることを防止することができ、つまり、水３の循環を促進することができ、閉水路１内の水３に細菌が繁殖したり、水３が腐ったりすることを防止することができる。また、例えば夏季降雨間隔が長い地域では堰２の高さｈｓを高めに設定することで、閉水路１内に溜めることができる水の量を多くすることができ、水３が不足することを防止できる。 For example, the height h s of the weir 2 can be determined based on the rainfall pattern such as the continuous no rain days in the area where the evaporative cooling wall body is used. For example, the height h s of the weir 2 is set lower in an area where the summer rainfall interval is short. By setting the height h s of the weir 2 low, it is possible to prevent the water 3 from accumulating in the closed channel 1 for a long period of time, that is, the circulation of the water 3 can be promoted. It is possible to prevent bacteria from propagating in the water 3 and the water 3 from rotting. Further, for example, in an area where the summer rainfall interval is long, by setting the height h s of the weir 2 high, the amount of water that can be stored in the closed channel 1 can be increased, and the water 3 is insufficient. Can be prevented.
堰２は例えば着脱可能な部材からできており、降雨パターンに基づき適切な高さｈｓを有する堰を取り付けることで、堰２の高さｈｓを調整することができる。また、堰２を可能な限り排水口９寄りに設置することで、閉水路１内に溜める水の量を多くすることができる。また、給水口８の位置を堰２の高さよりも低い位置に設けることで、給水用の配管５内にも配管５の容積に対応した量の水を貯水することができる。 Weir 2 is made from for example a detachable member, by attaching the weir having a suitable height h s based on the rainfall pattern, it is possible to adjust the height h s of the weir 2. Further, by installing the weir 2 as close to the drain port 9 as possible, the amount of water stored in the closed water channel 1 can be increased. Further, by providing the water supply port 8 at a position lower than the height of the weir 2, an amount of water corresponding to the volume of the pipe 5 can be stored in the water supply pipe 5.
また、本実施の形態にかかる蒸発冷却壁体の閉水路１は排水口９を備える。排水口９からは堰２からあふれ出た水が排水される。排水口９には配管６が設けられており、排水口９からの排水は下水等に排水される。 Further, the closed water channel 1 of the evaporative cooling wall according to the present embodiment includes a drain port 9. Water overflowing from the weir 2 is drained from the drain port 9. The drain port 9 is provided with a pipe 6, and the drainage from the drain port 9 is drained into sewage or the like.
また、高揚水性多孔質体４は、閉水路１から上部に延びるように、水３と接するように設置されており、閉水路１内に貯水された水３を吸い上げる。そして、高揚水性多孔質体４は吸い上げた水を表面より蒸発させることで周囲の空気を冷却する。高揚水性多孔質体４は、例えば１．２ｍの高さを有し、実施の形態１で説明したように１ｍ以上の高さまで、閉水路１内に貯水された水３を吸い上げることができる材料で構成することができる。 The highly pumped porous body 4 is installed so as to be in contact with the water 3 so as to extend upward from the closed water channel 1, and sucks up the water 3 stored in the closed water channel 1. And the highly water-lifting porous body 4 cools surrounding air by evaporating the sucked-up water from the surface. The highly pumped porous body 4 has a height of, for example, 1.2 m, and can absorb the water 3 stored in the closed channel 1 to a height of 1 m or more as described in the first embodiment. Can be configured.
また、本実施の形態にかかる蒸発冷却壁体では、高揚水性多孔質体４の根元部分のうち堰２により堰き止められた水３と接触しない部分が、所定の長さ給水装置の閉水路１内に収納されている。高揚水性多孔質体４は吸い上げた水が根元部分で染み出すため、染み出した水を排水する機構が必要となる。本実施の形態では、高揚水性多孔質体４の根元部分を一定の長さ閉水路１内に入れることで、高揚水性多孔質体４から染み出した水を閉水路１内に戻すことができる。これにより、水の染み出しにより冷却に使用される水が無駄になることを防止することができる。また、染み出した水の飛散を防止することができ、また新たに排水受けを設ける必要がなくなる。 Moreover, in the evaporative cooling wall body according to the present embodiment, the portion of the root portion of the highly pumped porous body 4 that does not come into contact with the water 3 blocked by the weir 2 is the closed channel 1 of the water supply device having a predetermined length. It is stored inside. The highly pumped porous body 4 requires a mechanism for draining the exuded water because the sucked-up water exudes at the root portion. In the present embodiment, the water exuded from the highly pumped porous body 4 can be returned to the closed channel 1 by putting the root portion of the highly pumped porous body 4 into the closed channel 1 with a certain length. . Thereby, it is possible to prevent waste of water used for cooling due to water seepage. In addition, it is possible to prevent the exuded water from being scattered, and it is not necessary to newly provide a drainage receptacle.
高揚水性多孔質体４から水が染み出す範囲は、例えば閉水路１内の水面（堰２の上端）から高揚水性多孔質体４の上端までの長さにより決定することができる。よって、使用する高揚水性多孔質体４の閉水路１内の水面から高揚水性多孔質体４の上端までの長さに基づき、閉水路１内の最高水位（堰２の上端）から閉水路内部の上面までの長さｈａを調整することができる。 The range in which water exudes from the highly pumped porous body 4 can be determined, for example, by the length from the water surface in the closed water channel 1 (the upper end of the weir 2) to the upper end of the highly pumped porous body 4. Therefore, based on the length from the water surface in the closed channel 1 of the highly pumped porous body 4 to be used to the upper end of the highly pumped porous body 4, the maximum water level in the closed channel 1 (the upper end of the weir 2) and the inside of the closed channel it is possible to adjust the length h a of to the top surface.
また、本実施の形態では高揚水性多孔質体４として、例えば空洞１１の無い高揚水性多孔質体４を用いてもよい。このように空洞のない円柱状の高揚水性多孔質体４を用いることで、高揚水性多孔質体４の保水量を増すことができ給水装置の閉水路１の必要容量を減少させコンパクトにすることができる。 Further, in the present embodiment, as the highly pumped porous body 4, for example, the highly pumped porous body 4 without the cavities 11 may be used. Thus, by using the cylindrical highly-lifting porous body 4 having no cavity, the amount of water retained in the highly-lifting porous body 4 can be increased, and the required capacity of the closed water channel 1 of the water supply device can be reduced and made compact. Can do.
以上で説明したように、本実施の形態にかかる蒸発冷却壁体は閉水路１内に堰２を設けているので、給水口８から供給された水（例えば雨水）を閉水路内に貯水することができる。よって、例えば配管５の途中、つまり閉水路１の上流側に、貯水タンクを別途設ける必要がないので蒸発冷却壁体の設置コストやスペースを削減することができる。また、蒸発冷却壁体を設置する場合は、給水装置の給水口を給水用の配管に接続し排水口を排水用の配管に接続するだけで設置することができる。よって、従来よりも容易に蒸発冷却壁体を設置することができる。 As described above, since the evaporative cooling wall body according to the present embodiment has the weir 2 in the closed channel 1, water (for example, rainwater) supplied from the water supply port 8 is stored in the closed channel. be able to. Therefore, for example, it is not necessary to separately provide a water storage tank in the middle of the pipe 5, that is, upstream of the closed water channel 1, so that the installation cost and space of the evaporative cooling wall body can be reduced. Moreover, when installing an evaporative cooling wall body, it can install only by connecting the water supply port of a water supply apparatus to piping for water supply, and connecting a drainage port to piping for drainage. Therefore, the evaporative cooling wall body can be installed more easily than in the past.
また、本実施の形態にかかる蒸発冷却壁体を用いた場合は、閉水路１内に貯水された水を高揚水性多孔質体４が吸い上げるため、高揚水性多孔質体４に常に適量の水を供給することができる。また、閉水路１内の堰２の高さで貯水量を決定することができるので、設置する地域の降水量や高揚水性多孔質体４の本数に基づき、容易に貯水量を調整することができる。更に、高揚水性多孔質体４を用いて閉水路１内に貯水された水を吸い上げているため、ポンプ等を使用する必要がなくなり蒸発冷却壁体の構成を簡素化することができる。 Further, when the evaporative cooling wall body according to the present embodiment is used, the highly pumped porous body 4 sucks up the water stored in the closed channel 1, so that an appropriate amount of water is always supplied to the highly pumped porous body 4. Can be supplied. Moreover, since the amount of stored water can be determined by the height of the weir 2 in the closed channel 1, it is possible to easily adjust the amount of stored water based on the amount of precipitation in the area where it is installed and the number of highly pumped porous bodies 4. it can. Furthermore, since the water stored in the closed water channel 1 is sucked up using the highly pumped porous body 4, it is not necessary to use a pump or the like, and the configuration of the evaporative cooling wall body can be simplified.
本実施の形態にかかる蒸発冷却壁体は閉水路１内に水が貯水されているので、水路から水が蒸発することがないため効率的に水を使用することができる。また、閉水路１内に異物が混入することも防止することができる。また、閉水路１に雨水が供給されるたびに閉水路１内の雨水が新たな雨水と入れ替わるため、貯水された雨水の水質悪化、細菌の繁殖等を防止することができる。 In the evaporative cooling wall according to the present embodiment, water is stored in the closed water channel 1, so that water does not evaporate from the water channel and water can be used efficiently. Moreover, it can prevent that a foreign material mixes in the closed channel 1. Moreover, since rainwater in the closed water channel 1 is replaced with new rain water every time rainwater is supplied to the closed water channel 1, it is possible to prevent deterioration of the quality of the stored rainwater, breeding of bacteria, and the like.
本実施の形態にかかる蒸発冷却壁体では高揚水性多孔質体４の根元部分を一定の長さ給水装置の閉水路１内に設けている。これにより、水の染み出しにより冷却に使用される水が無駄になることを防止することができる。また、染み出した水の飛散を防止することができ、また新たに排水受けを設ける必要がなくなる。 In the evaporative cooling wall body according to the present embodiment, the root portion of the highly pumped porous body 4 is provided in the closed channel 1 of the water supply device having a certain length. Thereby, it is possible to prevent waste of water used for cooling due to water seepage. In addition, it is possible to prevent the exuded water from being scattered, and it is not necessary to newly provide a drainage receptacle.
以上、本発明を上記実施形態に即して説明したが、上記実施形態の構成にのみ限定されるものではなく、本願特許請求の範囲の請求項の発明の範囲内で当業者であればなし得る各種変形、修正、組み合わせを含むことは勿論である。 Although the present invention has been described with reference to the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above embodiment, and can be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the invention of the claims of the claims of the present application. It goes without saying that various modifications, corrections, and combinations are included.
１ 給水部（閉水路）
２ 堰
３ 水
４ 高揚水性多孔質体
５、６、７ 配管
８ 給水口
９ 排水口
１１ 空洞
１２ 蓋
1 Water supply section (closed waterway)
2 Weir 3 Water 4 Highly pumped porous body 5, 6, 7 Pipe 8 Water supply port 9 Drain port 11 Cavity 12 Lid
Claims (12)
前記給水部から上部方向に延びるように設けられ、前記給水部に貯水された水を水面から１ｍ以上の高さに揚水可能な高揚水性多孔質体と、を備え、
前記給水部は、給水口と、当該給水口から供給された水を堰き止める所定の高さを備える堰と、当該堰からあふれ出た水を排出する排出口と、を備える閉水路を有し、
前記高揚水性多孔質体が吸い上げた水を表面より蒸発させることで周囲の空気を冷却する、
蒸発冷却壁体。 A water supply section;
A highly pumped porous body provided so as to extend upward from the water supply unit, and capable of pumping the water stored in the water supply unit to a height of 1 m or more from the water surface,
The water supply unit has a closed water channel including a water supply port, a weir having a predetermined height for blocking water supplied from the water supply port, and a discharge port for discharging water overflowing from the weir. ,
The surrounding air is cooled by evaporating the water sucked up by the highly pumped porous body from the surface,
Evaporative cooling wall body.
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| JP2010003609A JP5288380B2 (en) | 2010-01-12 | 2010-01-12 | Evaporative cooling wall |
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