CN114027060A

CN114027060A - Roof greening structure with waterproof and heat-insulating effects

Info

Publication number: CN114027060A
Application number: CN202111433740.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 徐超; 赖华洁; 康丹姚; 王闰霏; 马丽; 郭思延
Original assignee: MCC Capital Engineering and Research Incorporation Ltd
Current assignee: MCC Capital Engineering and Research Incorporation Ltd
Priority date: 2021-11-29
Filing date: 2021-11-29
Publication date: 2022-02-11

Abstract

The invention provides a roof greening structure with waterproof and heat-insulating effects, which relates to the field of roof greening and comprises a water collecting tank and a planting tank, wherein the water collecting tank is hollow and is provided with a water collecting cavity, and the outer bottom surface of the water collecting tank is provided with a heat-insulating layer; plant the case and stack on the header tank, plant the case and have the ascending planting groove of opening, plant the bottom in groove and be equipped with the subassembly that absorbs water that switches on planting groove and water catch bowl. The roof greening structure with the waterproof and heat-insulating effects can improve the overall heat-insulating effect of the roof greening structure.

Description

Roof greening structure with waterproof and heat-insulating effects

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of roof greening, in particular to a roof greening structure with waterproof and heat-insulating effects.

Background

In sponge city construction, the building adopts roof greening technology, and is not only pleasing to the eye, can effectively reduce roofing runoff total amount and runoff pollution load moreover, has energy saving and emission reduction's effect, and roof greening can also combine together with cistern and measures such as rainwater infiltration, supply groundwater simultaneously, saves unnecessary rainwater, reduces and runs off, when soil is dry, waters with the rainwater that deposits up, resumes because of the natural hydrologic cycle process of building destruction, compensates the natural vegetation that the building occupied, restores complete natural ecosystem.

Patent application No. CN201920098881.3 discloses a roof greening structure, including a plurality of planting units that are formed by planting the case concatenation, set up in each passageway of planting between the unit and be used for the confession drainage system of moisturizing and drainage, still including setting up in the roof and the flange portion of end to end, various unit and the passageway of planting all set up in the flange portion encloses the region that closes the formation, the perforating hole has all been seted up to the bottom of various case of planting, the bottom in passageway is provided with the water conservancy diversion passageway of multichannel and passageway both sides intercommunication. Above-mentioned technical scheme is provided with planting case and the lower extreme of perforating hole through flange portion, lower extreme and is provided with the cooperation between the passageway of water conservancy diversion passageway and can be in the same place each planting unit intercommunication for only need one supply drainage system can supply drainage work to all planting units, can reduce supply drainage system's supporting quantity by a wide margin, effectively reduce the reduction cost of roof greening structure. However, the above technical solutions do not provide a corresponding mechanism capable of effectively insulating the roof of the building, and thus there is a problem that the roof of the building cannot be effectively insulated.

In view of the above, the present inventors have designed a roof greening structure with waterproof and heat insulation effects through repeated experiments according to production design experiences in this field and related fields for many years, so as to solve the problems in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a roof greening structure with waterproof and heat-insulating effects, which can improve the overall heat-insulating effect of the roof greening structure.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a roof greening structure with waterproof and heat insulation effects, wherein the roof greening structure with waterproof and heat insulation effects comprises a water collecting tank and a planting tank, the water collecting tank is hollow and is provided with a water collecting cavity, and the outer bottom surface of the water collecting tank is provided with a heat insulation layer; the planting box is stacked on the water collecting tank, the planting box is provided with a planting groove with an upward opening, and the bottom of the planting groove is provided with a water absorbing assembly which is communicated with the planting groove and the water collecting cavity.

The roof greening structure with the waterproof and heat-insulating effects comprises a sponge plate and a plurality of sponge columns, wherein the sponge plate is laid at the bottom of the planting groove, one end of each sponge column is connected with the sponge plate, and the other end of each sponge column penetrates through the bottom of the planting box and extends into the water collecting cavity.

The roof greening structure with the waterproof and heat-insulation effects is characterized in that the bottom end of the planting groove is open, the top end of the water collecting cavity is open, the water absorbing assembly further comprises a placing frame, the outer edge of the placing frame is detachably and fixedly connected with the inner wall surface of the bottom of the planting groove, the sponge plate is laid in the placing frame, a through groove which is communicated up and down is further formed in the bottom surface of the placing frame, and the sponge column extends into the water collecting tank through the through groove.

The roof greening structure with the waterproof and heat-insulating effects is characterized in that a supporting plate used for protecting the sponge columns is arranged on the lower surface of the placing frame, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the supporting plate.

The roof greening structure with the waterproof and heat-insulation effects is characterized in that a first supporting platform for supporting the planting box is arranged at the top of the water collecting box, a second supporting platform protruding outwards is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom of the planting box, and the second supporting platform is correspondingly erected on the first supporting platform.

The roof greening structure with the waterproof and heat-insulation effects is characterized in that the bottom of the planting box is provided with a sealing bulge, the top of the water collecting box is provided with a sealing groove, and the sealing bulge is correspondingly clamped into the sealing groove.

The roof greening structure with waterproof and heat insulation effects is characterized in that a plurality of radiating fins are arranged on the outer wall of the water collecting tank.

The roof greening structure with the waterproof and heat-insulating effects is characterized in that the side wall of the planting box is internally provided with a water guide groove, the top end of the water guide groove is open and is connected with the atmosphere, the bottom end of the water guide groove is provided with a water outlet communicated with the water collecting cavity, and the inner side wall of the planting box is provided with a water guide hole communicated with the planting groove.

The roof greening structure with the waterproof and heat-insulating effects is characterized in that a filter screen is arranged on the inner side wall of the planting box and used for filtering rainwater entering the water guide hole.

The roof greening structure with the waterproof and heat-insulating effects further comprises a water storage tank, a water storage cavity is formed in the water storage tank, a water guide pipe is arranged between the water storage tank and the water collecting tank, and the water guide pipe is communicated with the water collecting cavity and the water storage cavity.

The roof greening structure with the waterproof and heat-insulating effects is characterized in that a water inlet pipe and a water pumping pipe are arranged at the top end of the water storage tank, a water discharging pipe is arranged at the bottom of the water storage tank, a water inlet valve is arranged on the water inlet pipe, a water pumping valve is arranged on the water pumping pipe, and a water discharging valve is arranged on the water discharging pipe.

The roof greening structure with waterproof and heat insulation effects is characterized in that a water level sensor is arranged in the water storage tank, a control element is arranged outside the water storage tank, and the control element is electrically connected with the water level sensor, the water inlet valve, the water pumping valve and the water drainage valve respectively.

The roof greening structure with the waterproof and heat-insulation effects comprises a plurality of planting boxes and a plurality of water collecting boxes, wherein each planting box and each water collecting box are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the adjacent water collecting boxes are connected through water guide pipes.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following characteristics and advantages:

according to the roof greening structure with the waterproof and heat-insulation effects, the water collecting tank is arranged below the planting box, water between the water collecting tank and the planting box flows mutually through the water absorption assembly, heat irradiated to the planting box by the sun can be absorbed by water stored in the water collecting tank in hot summer, meanwhile, the heat in the water collecting tank can be prevented from permeating downwards through the heat insulation layer, so that the planting box can effectively shield sunlight, excessive heat absorbed by the planting box can not be transmitted to the top of a building, and the overall heat-insulation effect of the roof greening structure is improved.

Drawings

The drawings described herein are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure in any way. In addition, the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members in the drawings are merely schematic for facilitating the understanding of the present invention, and do not specifically limit the shapes, the proportional sizes, and the like of the respective members of the present invention. Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of the teachings of this invention, may choose from the various possible shapes and proportional sizes to implement the invention as a matter of case.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a roof greening structure with waterproof and heat-insulating effects according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an assembly view of the roof greening structure with waterproof and heat-insulating effects according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the top of the planting box of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the bottom of the planting box of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the water absorbing member according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a placement frame according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the water storage tank of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the control element of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

100. the roof greening structure has waterproof and heat insulation effects; 10. A water collection tank;

11. a water collection cavity; 12. A thermal insulation layer;

13. a first support platform; 14. Sealing the groove;

15. a heat sink; 16. Supporting legs;

20. planting boxes; 21. Planting grooves;

22. a second support platform; 23. Sealing the protrusion;

24. a water chute; 25. A water outlet;

26. a filter screen; 30. A water absorbing assembly;

31. a sponge plate; 32. A sponge column;

33. placing the frame; 34. A through groove;

35. a support plate; 36. A through hole;

37. a sponge bulge; 40. A water storage tank;

41. a water storage cavity; 42. A water inlet pipe;

43. a water pumping pipe; 44. A drain pipe;

45. a water level sensor; 46. A control element;

50. a water conduit; 60. And a connecting cap.

Detailed Description

The details of the present invention can be more clearly understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the description of the embodiments of the present invention. However, the specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are for the purpose of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Any possible variations based on the present invention may be conceived by the skilled person in the light of the teachings of the present invention, and these should be considered to fall within the scope of the present invention.

The present invention provides a roof greening structure 100 with waterproof and heat insulation effects, please refer to fig. 1 to 8, the roof greening structure 100 with waterproof and heat insulation effects comprises a water collecting tank 10 and a planting tank 20, the water collecting tank 10 is hollow and forms a water collecting cavity 11, and the outer bottom surface of the water collecting tank 10 is provided with a heat insulation layer 12; planting case 20 is stacked on water collection tank 10, and planting case 20 has the ascending planting groove 21 of opening, and the bottom of planting groove 21 is equipped with the subassembly 30 that absorbs water that switches on planting groove 21 and water collection chamber 11.

According to the roof greening structure 100 with the waterproof and heat insulation effects, the water collecting tank 10 is arranged below the planting tank 20, water between the water collecting tank 10 and the planting tank 20 flows mutually through the water absorption assembly 30, heat irradiated to the planting tank 20 by the sun can be absorbed by water stored in the water collecting tank 10 in hot summer, meanwhile, the heat in the water collecting tank 10 can be prevented from permeating downwards by the heat insulation layer 12, so that the planting tank 20 can effectively shield sunlight, excessive heat absorbed by the planting tank 20 cannot be transmitted to the top of a building, and the overall heat insulation effect of the roof greening structure is improved.

In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the water absorbing assembly 30 comprises a sponge plate 31 and a plurality of sponge columns 32, the sponge plate 31 is laid on the bottom of the planting tank 21, one end of each sponge column 32 is connected to the sponge plate 31, and the other end of each sponge column 32 penetrates through the bottom of the planting box 20 and extends into the water collecting cavity 11. By adopting the structure, when raining, rainwater in the planting box 20 seeps downwards, the sponge plates 31 absorb the seeped rainwater and then seep into the water collecting box 10 through the sponge columns 32, and the water collecting box 10 can store the rainwater; when planting the inside comparatively arid of case 20, sponge post 32 can inhale sponge board 31 with the water that stores in the header tank 10, and rethread sponge board 31 carries out the moisturizing to the inside plant of planting case 20 to the realization is to the cyclic utilization of rainwater.

In an optional example of this embodiment, the bottom end of the planting groove 21 is open, the top end of the water collecting cavity 11 is open, the water absorbing assembly 30 further includes a placing frame 33, the outer edge of the placing frame 33 is detachably and fixedly connected with the inner wall surface of the bottom of the planting groove 21, the sponge plate 31 is laid in the placing frame, a through groove 34 which is vertically through is further formed in the bottom surface of the placing frame 33, and the sponge column 32 passes through the through groove 34 and extends into the water collecting tank 10. With the above structure, the placing frame 33 constitutes the bottom surface of the planting groove 21, supporting the soil and plants in the planting groove 21.

In an alternative example, the placing frame 33 is fixed on the bottom inner wall of the planting box 20 by screws, and the placing frame 33 is detachably connected with the planting box 20 by screws.

In an alternative example, the lower surface of the placing frame 33 is provided with a plurality of supporting plates 35 for protecting the sponge columns 32, and the supporting plates 35 are provided with a plurality of through holes 36. Each backup pad 35 corresponds and sets up in the side position department of each sponge post 32, and backup pad 35 can carry out effectual support to sponge post 32, avoids sponge post 32 because the thrust of rivers rocks around collecting water the chamber 11 is inside, and a plurality of through-holes 36 on the backup pad 35 can let backup pad 35 support sponge post 32 under the condition that does not hinder sponge post 32 normal water absorption drainage simultaneously.

In an alternative example, the water absorbing assembly 30 has three sponge columns 32, each sponge column 32 has a rectangular cross section, correspondingly, three rectangular through slots 34 are formed on the placing frame 33, each sponge column 32 correspondingly penetrates through each rectangular through slot 34 and extends into the water collecting cavity 11, two opposite sides of each sponge column 32 are respectively provided with a supporting plate 35, and the top end of each supporting plate 35 is welded to the lower surface of the placing frame 33.

In an optional example of this embodiment, the sponge plate 31 has a plurality of sponge protrusions 37 on its upper surface, and the sponge protrusions 37 can increase the contact area between the upper surface of the sponge plate 31 and the soil inside the planting box 20, thereby increasing the water absorption and delivery effects of the sponge plate 31.

In an alternative example of this embodiment, the top of the water collecting tank 10 is provided with a first supporting platform 13 for supporting the planting box 20, the outer wall of the bottom of the planting box 20 is provided with a convex second supporting platform 22, and the second supporting platform 22 is correspondingly arranged on the first supporting platform 13. By adopting the structure, the planting box 20 can be stably stacked on the upper part of the water collecting box 10, and the stability of the roof greening structure 100 with waterproof and heat insulation effects is effectively improved.

In an alternative example, the first support platform 13 and the second support platform 22 are detachably connected by screws, so as to further improve the stability of the roof greening structure 100 with waterproof and heat insulation effects.

In an alternative example, the bottom of the planting box 20 is provided with a sealing protrusion 23, the top of the water collecting box 10 is provided with a sealing groove 14, and the sealing protrusion 23 is correspondingly clamped in the sealing groove 14. With the above-described structure, when the planting box 20 is fixed to the top of the water collecting box 10, the sealing protrusion 23 is caught inside the sealing groove 14, thereby improving the sealing performance of the connection portion of the planting box 20 and the water collecting box 10.

In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of heat radiating fins 15 are provided on an outer wall of the water collecting tank 10 to help the water inside the water collecting tank 10 to rapidly radiate its own heat.

In an alternative example, the water collecting tank 10 is provided with cooling fins 15 on two opposite side walls, and three cooling fins 15 are provided on each side wall.

In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the water collecting tank 10 is provided with a plurality of supporting legs 16, and the supporting legs 16 are used for supporting the water collecting tank 10 to suspend the bottom of the water collecting tank 10, so that the water collecting tank 10 does not directly contact with the top of the building, thereby further reducing the heat transferred from the water collecting tank 10 to the top of the building.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the insulation 12 is formed by insulation panels, which may be commercially available rock wool panels or insulation panels made of other insulation materials.

In another alternative embodiment of the present invention, the thermal insulation layer 12 is coated with a coating material having thermal insulation properties, and the specific type of coating material can be selected by those skilled in the art according to actual needs.

In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, a water chute 24 is formed in the side wall of the planting box 20, the top end of the water chute 24 is open and connected to the atmosphere, the bottom end of the water chute 24 is provided with a water outlet 25 communicated with the water collecting cavity 11, and the inner side wall of the planting box 20 is provided with a water guiding hole communicated with the planting chute 21. Through setting up guiding hole, guiding gutter 24 and outlet 25, plant the inside unnecessary ponding of case 20 and can pass through the guiding hole, flow into guiding gutter 24, then inside outlet 25 through planting the case 20 bottom flows into header tank 10, has improved the inside unnecessary ponding of planting case 20 and has flowed into the speed of header tank 10, avoids planting the inside water of case 20 and can't discharge fast and lead to water to spill over and the dead problem of plant to appear in rainy season.

In an alternative example of this embodiment, the bottom of the water chute 24 is opened with a plurality of water outlets 25, and the inner wall of each water outlet 25 protrudes downward to form a tubular body, so as to further guide the accumulated water.

In an optional example of this embodiment, a filtering net 26 is disposed on the inner side wall of the planting box 20, and the filtering net 26 is used for filtering accumulated water entering the water guiding hole to prevent soil inside the planting box 20 from flowing into the water guiding groove 24 through the water guiding hole.

In an alternative example, the filter screen 26 is detachably connected to the inner side wall of the planting box 20 by screws.

In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the roof greening structure 100 with waterproof and heat insulation effects further comprises a water storage tank 40, the water storage tank 40 is hollow and forms a water storage cavity 41, a water conduit 50 is arranged between the water storage tank 40 and the water collection tank 10, and the water conduit 50 is communicated with the water collection cavity 11 and the water storage cavity 41. When the water level in the water collecting chamber 11 overflows the water conduit 50, the excessive water in the water collecting chamber 11 flows into the water storage chamber 41 in the water storage tank 40 on one side of the roof greening structure through the water conduit 50 for storage, so that the rainwater is effectively collected and utilized.

In an alternative example, one end of the water introduction pipe 50 is directly connected to the water collection tank 10, and the other end of the water introduction pipe 50 is connected to the water storage tank 40 through the connection cap 60.

In an alternative example of this embodiment, a water inlet pipe 42 and a water pumping pipe 43 are provided at the top end of the water storage tank 40, a water discharging pipe 44 is provided at the bottom of the water storage tank 40, a water inlet valve is provided on the water inlet pipe 42, a water pumping valve is provided on the water pumping pipe 43, and a water discharging valve is provided on the water discharging pipe 44. By adopting the structure, when the water storage tank 40 and the water collecting tank 10 are full of water, a worker can open the drain valve to drain the redundant water in the water storage tank 40 and the water collecting tank 10, and meanwhile, in a dry season, the worker can inject water into the water storage tank 40 through the water inlet valve, and the water in the water storage tank 40 can flow into the water collecting tank 10 through the water guide pipe 50, so that sufficient water is provided for the plants planted in the planting tank 20; when the water level inside the water storage tank 40 is low, the water inside the water storage tank 40 is timely replenished through the water inlet pipe 42.

In an alternative embodiment, the top of the storage tank 40 is provided with a removable top cover, and the inlet pipe 42 and the pumping pipe 43 are both provided on the top cover.

In an alternative example, a water level sensor 45 is disposed in the water storage tank 40, a control element 46 is disposed outside the water storage tank 40, and the control element 46 is electrically connected to the water level sensor 45, the water inlet valve, the water pumping valve and the water discharging valve respectively. The water level sensor 45 can monitor the water level inside the water storage tank 40 in real time, and when the water level inside the water storage tank 40 is low, the control element 46 can control the water inlet valve to be opened, so that the water inside the water storage tank 40 can be supplemented in time, and the communication of workers can be realized.

In an alternative example, the water level sensor 45 is of the type AL-530 AE.

In an alternative example, the roof greening structure 100 with waterproof and heat insulation effects may further include a spraying assembly connected to the pumping pipe 43 so as to pump water from the inside of the storage tank 40 to spray plants in the inside of the planting box 20.

In an alternative example of the present invention, the roof greening structure 100 having waterproof and heat insulation effects includes a plurality of planting boxes 20 and a plurality of water collecting boxes 10, wherein the planting boxes 20 and the water collecting boxes 10 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and adjacent water collecting boxes 10 are connected by a water guiding pipe. With the above-described structure, the water level inside each water collecting tank 10 can be substantially maintained to be uniform.

Referring to fig. 1 to 8, a detailed implementation process of the roof greening structure 100 with waterproof and heat insulation effects according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail:

when the roof greening structure 100 with waterproof and heat insulation effects provided by the invention works, firstly, the water collecting tank 10 is fixed at the top of a building through the supporting legs 16, then the water absorbing component 30 is installed inside the planting tank 20, then the planting tank 20 is placed at the top of the water collecting tank 10 and fixed through screws, then a proper amount of soil is filled into the planting tank 20, and plants to be planted are buried in the soil inside the planting tank 20, so that the arrangement of the roof greening structure is completed, a worker can arrange a proper amount of water collecting tanks 10 and planting tanks 20 (roof greening structure) according to the roof area of the actual building, when the roof greening structure is subjected to rainfall, redundant rainwater collected inside the planting tank 20 can permeate into the water collecting tank 10 through the water absorbing component, all the water collecting tanks 10 on the roof are respectively connected through the water guide pipe 50 and the connecting cap 60, so that the water level inside all the water collecting tanks 10 can be basically kept consistent, when the water level in each water collecting tank 10 overflows the water conduit 50, the excessive water in each water collecting tank 10 flows into the water storage tank 40 on one side of the roof greening structure through the water conduit 50 for storage, thereby achieving effective collection and utilization of rainwater, when the water storage tank 40 and each water collecting tank 10 are full of water, a worker can open the drain valve to discharge the excessive water in the water storage tank 40 and each water collecting tank 10, meanwhile, when the worker is in a dry season, the worker can inject water into the water storage tank 40 through the water inlet valve, the water in the water storage tank 40 flows into each water collecting tank 10 through the water conduit 50, thereby providing sufficient water source for the plants planted in each planting tank 20, in hot summer, the heat irradiated by the sun on the planting tank 20 can be absorbed by the water stored in the water collecting tank 10, at this time, the plurality of radiating fins 15 on the outer side of the water collecting tank 10 can help the water in the water collecting tank 10 to quickly discharge the heat of the water itself, meanwhile, the heat insulation layer 12 can prevent the heat inside the water collection tank 10 from permeating downwards, so that the planting tank 20 can effectively shield sunlight, and excessive heat absorbed by the planting tank 20 can not be transmitted to the top of a building, thereby improving the integral heat insulation effect of the roof greening structure.

The water inside the planting box 20 can permeate into the water collecting box 10 through the sponge board 31 and the sponge columns 32, when the inside of the planting box 20 is dry, the sponge columns 32 can suck the water flowing inside the water collecting box 10 into the sponge board 31, so as to replenish the plants inside the planting box 20, the placing frame 33 can effectively support the soil inside the planting box 20, the supporting plate 35 can effectively support the sponge columns 32, the sponge columns 32 are prevented from shaking back and forth inside the water collecting box 10 due to the thrust of water flow, meanwhile, the plurality of through holes 36 on the outer side of the supporting plate 35 can enable the supporting plate 35 to support the sponge columns 32 without hindering the normal water suction and drainage of the sponge columns 32, the contact area between the outer wall at the top of the sponge board 31 and the soil inside the planting box 20 can be increased by arranging the sponge bulges 37, when the planting box 20 is fixed on the outer wall at the top of the water collecting box 10, the sealing bulges 23 can be clamped into the sealing grooves 14, therefore, the sealing performance of the connection part of the planting box 20 and the water collecting box 10 is improved, the water level sensor 45 can monitor the water level inside the water storage box 40 in real time, when the water level inside the water storage box 40 is low, the control element (control panel) can control the water inlet valve to be opened, so that the water inside the water storage box 40 can be supplemented timely, and a worker can connect an external spraying assembly with the water pumping valve through a water pipe.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and in particular, various features described in different embodiments can be arbitrarily combined with each other to form other embodiments, and the features are understood to be applicable to any embodiment except the explicitly opposite descriptions, and are not limited to the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A roof greening structure with waterproof and heat insulation effects is characterized by comprising a water collecting tank and a planting tank, wherein the water collecting tank is hollow and is provided with a water collecting cavity, and a heat insulation layer is arranged on the outer bottom surface of the water collecting tank; the planting box is stacked on the water collecting tank, the planting box is provided with a planting groove with an upward opening, and the bottom of the planting groove is provided with a water absorbing assembly which is communicated with the planting groove and the water collecting cavity.

2. A roof greening structure with waterproof and heat insulating effects as claimed in claim 1, wherein said water absorbing assembly comprises a sponge plate and a plurality of sponge columns, said sponge plate is laid on the bottom of said planting tank, one end of each of said sponge columns is connected with said sponge plate, and the other end of each of said sponge columns penetrates through the bottom of said planting box and extends into said water collecting cavity.

3. A roof greening structure with waterproof and heat insulating effects as claimed in claim 2, wherein the bottom end of said planting tank is open, the top end of said water collecting chamber is open, said water absorbing assembly further comprises a placement frame, the outer edge of said placement frame is detachably and fixedly connected with the inner wall surface of the bottom of said planting tank, said sponge plate is laid in said placement frame, the bottom surface of said placement frame is further provided with a through groove which is through from top to bottom, and said sponge column is extended into said water collecting tank through said through groove.

4. A roof greening structure having waterproof and heat insulating effects as claimed in claim 3, wherein a supporting plate for protecting said sponge columns is provided on the lower surface of said placement frame, and said supporting plate is provided with a plurality of through holes.

5. A roof greening structure with waterproof and heat insulating effects as claimed in claim 3, wherein a first supporting platform for supporting said planting box is provided on the top of said water collecting box, a second supporting platform protruding outwards is provided on the outer wall of the bottom of said planting box, and said second supporting platform is correspondingly erected on said first supporting platform.

6. A roof greening structure with waterproof and heat insulating effects as claimed in claim 5, wherein a sealing protrusion is provided at the bottom of said planting box, a sealing groove is provided at the top of said water collecting box, and said sealing protrusion is correspondingly snapped into said sealing groove.

7. A roof greening structure having waterproof and heat insulating effects as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of heat radiating fins are provided on an outer wall of said water collecting tank.

8. A roof greening structure with waterproof and heat insulating effects as claimed in claim 1, wherein a water guiding groove is formed in the side wall of said planting box, the top end of said water guiding groove is open and connected with the atmosphere, the bottom end of said water guiding groove is provided with a water outlet communicated with said water collecting cavity, and the inner side wall of said planting box is provided with a water guiding hole communicated with said planting groove.

9. A roof greening structure with waterproof and heat insulating effects as claimed in claim 8, wherein a filtering net is provided on the inner side wall of said planting box, said filtering net is used for filtering rainwater entering said water guiding hole.

10. A roof greening structure with waterproof and heat insulating effects as claimed in claim 1, wherein said roof greening structure with waterproof and heat insulating effects further comprises a water storage tank, said water storage tank is hollow and forms a water storage cavity, a water conduit is provided between said water storage tank and said water collection tank, said water conduit communicates said water collection cavity and said water storage cavity.

11. A roof greening structure with waterproof and heat insulating effects as claimed in claim 10, wherein a water inlet pipe and a water pumping pipe are provided at the top end of said water storage tank, a water discharging pipe is provided at the bottom of said water storage tank, a water inlet valve is provided on said water inlet pipe, a water pumping valve is provided on said water pumping pipe, and a water discharging valve is provided on said water discharging pipe.

12. A roof greening structure having waterproof and heat insulating effects as claimed in claim 11, wherein a water level sensor is provided in said water storage tank, and a control element is provided outside said water storage tank, said control element being electrically connected to said water level sensor, said water inlet valve, said water suction valve and said water discharge valve, respectively.

13. A roof greening structure having waterproof and heat insulating effects as claimed in claim 1, wherein said roof greening structure having waterproof and heat insulating effects comprises a plurality of said planting boxes and a plurality of said water collecting boxes, each of said planting boxes and each of said water collecting boxes are disposed in one-to-one correspondence, and adjacent ones of said water collecting boxes are connected by a water guiding pipe.