JP5637661B2 - 時変性の指向特性を有する音源を録音および再生する方法 - Google Patents
時変性の指向特性を有する音源を録音および再生する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/14—Systems for two-way working
- H04N7/141—Systems for two-way working between two video terminals, e.g. videophone
- H04N7/147—Communication arrangements, e.g. identifying the communication as a video-communication, intermediate storage of the signals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS
- H04S7/00—Indicating arrangements; Control arrangements, e.g. balance control
- H04S7/30—Control circuits for electronic adaptation of the sound field
- H04S7/305—Electronic adaptation of stereophonic audio signals to reverberation of the listening space
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/14—Systems for two-way working
- H04N7/15—Conference systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
- H04R1/323—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only for loudspeakers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
- H04R1/326—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only for microphones
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
- H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
- H04R1/40—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
- H04R1/406—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers microphones
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R5/00—Stereophonic arrangements
- H04R5/027—Spatial or constructional arrangements of microphones, e.g. in dummy heads
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R2201/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones covered by H04R1/00 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2201/40—Details of arrangements for obtaining desired directional characteristic by combining a number of identical transducers covered by H04R1/40 but not provided for in any of its subgroups
- H04R2201/401—2D or 3D arrays of transducers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
- H04R3/12—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones for distributing signals to two or more loudspeakers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS
- H04S2400/00—Details of stereophonic systems covered by H04S but not provided for in its groups
- H04S2400/15—Aspects of sound capture and related signal processing for recording or reproduction
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04S—STEREOPHONIC SYSTEMS
- H04S2420/00—Techniques used stereophonic systems covered by H04S but not provided for in its groups
- H04S2420/13—Application of wave-field synthesis in stereophonic audio systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Circuit For Audible Band Transducer (AREA)
- Stereophonic System (AREA)
- Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
- Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
Description
図1 マイクロフォンアレイを示す。
図2Aおよび2B 音源の主放射方向を検出するための音響的手法を簡略化して説明する図である。
図3 基準音波レベルによる音源の主放射方向の検出を示す。
図4 録音空間内にある音源が複数である場合の方向検出方法を示す。
図5 各音源ごとに専用の方向検出手段を使用する方法を示す。
図6 第1の再生ユニットと少なくとも1つの離隔された第2の再生ユニットとを有する音源の再生方法を示す。
図7Aおよび7B 第1の再生ユニットおよび第2の再生ユニットを実現するための種々の手段を示す。
図8Aおよび8B 第1の再生ユニットと複数の相互に離隔された第2の再生ユニットとによる音源の再生方法を示す。
図9 複数の音源の再生方法を示し、ここでは第1の再生ユニットと第2の再生ユニットとがオーバーラップしている。
図10Aおよび10B 図5に示された方向検出のための再生方法を簡略化して示す図である。
Claims (16)
- 録音空間内に配置され時変性の指向特性を有する音源の音響信号を音捕捉手段によって捕捉し、該音響信号を再生空間内において音響再生手段によって再生する方法において、
該音源から送出された音響信号の主放射方向を時間に依存して検出し、該音響信号の再生を、検出された該主放射方向に依存して行い、
該音響信号の再生を、該音源に所属する第1の再生ユニットと、該第1の再生ユニットから離隔されて配置された少なくとも1つの第2の再生ユニットとによって行い、
該第2の再生ユニットによる再生を、該第1の再生ユニットに対して時間遅延τで、かつ、検出された前記主放射方向に依存して前記第1の再生ユニットより低減したレベルで行うことにより、前記音源の指向特性をシミュレートする
ことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記音源の音響信号を音捕捉手段によって捕捉し、送出された該音響信号の主放射方向を方向検出手段によって検出する、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記方向検出手段は音響的方式であり、とりわけマイクロフォンおよび/または1つまたは複数のマイクロフォンアレイである、請求項2記載の方法。
- 前記方向検出手段は光学的方式であり、とりわけ、パターン認識部を有するビデオ検出部である、請求項2または3記載の方法。
- 前記再生空間内における前記第1の再生ユニットの位置は、該再生空間内の前記音源の仮想的位置に相応する、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記時間遅延τは次のように選択される、すなわち、前記再生空間の少なくとも部分領域内において音響信号間の時間遅延が2ms〜100msの間となり、有利には5ms〜80msの間となり、とりわけ10ms〜40msの間となるように選択される、請求項1から5までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記(複数の)第2の再生ユニットによる再生を、前記主放射方向に依存して1〜6dB低減されたレベルで行い、有利には2〜4dB低減されたレベルで行う、請求項1から6までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記再生ユニットは、スピーカまたはスピーカの群であるか、またはスピーカアレイであるか、またはこれらの組み合わせであるか、または仮想音源であり、該仮想音源はとりわけ、波面合成によって生成された仮想音源である、請求項1から7までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記録音空間内に配置された複数の音源の音響信号を捕捉し、前記再生空間において再生する、請求項1から8までのいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 各音源に音捕捉手段が割り当てられている、請求項9記載の方法。
- 前記音源に割り当てられていない音捕捉手段によって受信された音源の音響信号をエコー抑圧またはクロストーク抑圧(cross talk cancellation)によって抑圧する、請求項10記載の方法。
- 時変性の指向特性を有する1つまたは複数の音源の音響信号を録音空間内において音捕捉手段によって録音し、音響再生手段によって該音響信号を再生空間内で再生するためのシステムにおいて、
該1つまたは複数の音源から送出された音響信号の主放射方向を時間に依存して検出するための検出手段と、
伝送された該音響信号の再生を、検出された該主放射方向に依存して行うための再生手段
とを有し、
音源の音響信号が、当該音源に所属する第1の再生ユニットと、当該第1の再生ユニットから離隔されて配置された少なくとも1つの第2の再生ユニットとによって再生され、
前記第2の再生ユニットは、前記第1の再生ユニットに対して時間遅延τで再生を行い、
前記第2の再生ユニットによる再生を、検出された前記主放射方向に依存して前記第1の再生ユニットより低減したレベルで行うことにより、前記音源の時変性の指向特性がシミュレートされることを特徴とするシステム。 - 1つの音源に所属する少なくとも2つの音捕捉手段を有し、
該音捕捉手段は、該音源から送信された音響信号と該音響信号の主放射方向とを捕捉するために使用される、請求項12記載のシステム。 - 1つの音源に所属する少なくとも1つの音捕捉手段を有し、
該音捕捉手段は、該音源から送信された音響信号を捕捉するために使用され、
該音響信号の主放射方向を識別するための光学的手段が設けられている、請求項12記載のシステム。 - 前記音捕捉手段および/または音響再生手段の数は、前記音源の数+2に相応する、請求項12から14までのいずれか1項記載のシステム。
- 前記音響再生手段は、スピーカまたはスピーカの群であるか、またはスピーカアレイであるか、またはこれらの組み合わせであるか、または仮想音源であり、該仮想音源はとりわけ、波面合成によって生成された仮想音源である、請求項12から15までのいずれか1項記載のシステム。
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DE102005057406.8 | 2005-11-30 | ||
DE102005057406A DE102005057406A1 (de) | 2005-11-30 | 2005-11-30 | Verfahren zur Aufnahme einer Tonquelle mit zeitlich variabler Richtcharakteristik und zur Wiedergabe sowie System zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
PCT/EP2006/011496 WO2007062840A1 (de) | 2005-11-30 | 2006-11-30 | Verfahren zur aufnahme einer tonquelle mit zeitlich variabler richtcharakteristik und zur wiedergabe |
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