JP5625161B2 - Staircase - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a staircase in which a plurality of treads are provided at intervals between girders spanned between an upper floor and a lower floor of a building, and at least one side is opened.

  There are various types of indoor staircases that connect the upper and lower floors of a building, but a tread base is fixed on the girder and the tread is supported on the tread base. The stairs are popular because of their simple structure and simple design. Further, the cost can be kept low in terms of reduction of the required number of digits and parts, simplification of construction, etc. (see Patent Document 1).

  However, since at least one side of this type of staircase is open, both ends or one end of the tread board are unsupported. For this reason, when the weight of the person who uses the stairs is added to the tread, there is a problem that the tread is easily bent to the left and right, and stress is easily concentrated on the joint between the tread and the girder. For this reason, a structure in which upper and lower treads are connected and supported by a support material is employed (see Patent Document 2).

JP 2005-320775 A JP 2010-13925 A

  If the support material between the treads is attached to the end of the treads, the treads will have a large reinforcing effect and will be clean in design, but especially when installing stairs near the walls, a working space for connecting materials will be secured. It was difficult and there was a problem in workability. In addition, when a handrail is provided on the side of the step board, a rectangular plate is fixed to the lower end of the handrail column, and the lower end of the handrail column is formed on the side end of the step plate and is inserted into the notch. It was fixed in contact. For this reason, when the connecting member is attached to the end on the same side, the connecting member and the plate interfere with each other, which causes a problem of contact, and the support member cannot be attached to the handrail column. It was. In addition, the stairs must respond to various conditions such as the number of steps of the tread, the angle, the kick-up, and the kick-in according to the height of the floor. To that end, it is necessary to prepare multiple types of support materials for each condition. There is. For example, since the kicking height varies depending on the floor height and the number of steps of the treads, the support members provided between the upper and lower treads must be prepared in advance with different lengths. Therefore, there is a drawback that the cost is increased.

  The present invention provides a staircase that solves the above-mentioned problems, can secure the strength between treads, can cope with various kick heights, has a good fit, and can reduce material and manufacturing costs. Is the subject.

To solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 is provided with a plurality of step boards with a spacing to one digit that is stretched and the upper floor and the lower floor of the building, open at least one side The upper end of the upper tread and the base of the lower tread are supported by the support member in the staircase, and the support member is attached to the upper fixed portion fixed to the front end of the upper tread and the base of the lower tread. A lower fixing portion to be fixed and a column portion provided between the upper fixing portion and the lower fixing portion are integrally coupled.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the upper fixing portion and the lower fixing portion are in contact with a connecting portion that is connected to the column portion, and a tip portion of the upper tread plate and a base portion of the lower tread plate, respectively. And a portion.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect, the abutting portion of the lower fixing portion is formed with a vertical abutting portion that abuts the end surface of the base portion of the lower tread, and the vertical abutting portion is formed on the base portion of the lower tread. It fixed to the end surface of this through the fixing means.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect of the present invention, the fixing means for fixing the contact portion to the upper tread is provided near the front end of the upper tread. It is characterized by being driven into.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fourth aspects, the support member is disposed on at least one side portion in the longitudinal direction of the upper tread plate and the lower tread plate.

  The invention according to claim 6 is the structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the upper fixed portion, the lower fixed portion, and the column portion of the support member are configured separately from each other, and the column portion is an aluminum extrusion mold material. It is characterized by.

  The invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that, in any one of claims 1 to 6, the support member is formed in a substantially U-shape.

  According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to seventh aspects, the insertion hole of the contact portion of the upper fixing portion is such that the upper side is close to the tip portion of the upper tread and the lower side is far from the tip portion. It is characterized by being formed obliquely.

  The invention according to claim 9 is characterized in that, in any one of claims 1 to 8, the lower tread is arranged so as to bend with respect to the up and down direction and is supported by a support column. To do.

  The invention according to claim 10 is any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein all the treads are arranged straight, and a support member having the same configuration as the support member is provided between the bottom tread and the floor surface. It is characterized by being.

  According to the invention according to claim 1, even if at least one side of the upper and lower treads is open, these treads are supported by the support member, so that the strength between the upper and lower treads can be secured, Even if there is only one girder that supports the tread, when a load is applied to the tread, deformation such as torsion does not occur, and the tread can be supported stably. Moreover, there is no anxiety due to deformation when going up and down. The support member is formed by integrating an upper fixing portion formed at the tip portion of the upper tread, a lower fixing portion formed at the base of the lower tread, and a column portion provided between the upper fixing portion and the lower fixing portion. Therefore, by adjusting the length by cutting the column part, it is possible to cope with various kick heights, it fits well, and is composed of the minimum necessary members. Material and manufacturing costs can be reduced.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the upper fixing portion and the lower fixing portion are each provided with a connecting portion that is connected to the column portion, and an abutting portion that is in contact with the tip portion of the upper tread plate and the base portion of the lower tread plate. Therefore, the support member is housed inside the tread board and does not protrude outward, so the appearance is clean.

  According to the invention of claim 3, the contact portion of the lower fixing portion is formed with a vertical contact portion that contacts the end surface of the base portion of the lower tread, and the vertical contact portion is formed on the end surface of the base portion of the lower tread plate. Since it is fixed via the fixing means, the support member can be positioned easily and reliably, and a fixing means such as a screw is driven horizontally and fixed from the vertical abutting portion toward the end surface of the base of the lower tread. Therefore, the fixing work of the support member can be easily performed.

  According to the fourth aspect of the invention, the abutting portion of the upper fixing portion is placed along the front end portion of the upper tread, and the fixing means for fixing the abutting portion to the upper tread is driven in the vicinity of the tip of the upper tread. It can be easily constructed even in a narrow place, and even if there is a handrail plate on the tread, there is no interference with the plate.

  According to the invention of claim 5, since the support member is disposed on at least one side in the longitudinal direction of the upper tread and the lower tread, when the foot is placed on the center side of the tread of the lower tread, There is almost no risk of the support member hitting the toes. Therefore, it is possible to safely go up and down.

  According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the upper fixing portion, the lower fixing portion, and the column portion of the support member are configured separately from each other, and the column portion is made of an aluminum extrusion mold material. The strength can be ensured and the column portion can be easily trimmed and its length can be easily adjusted.

  According to the invention which concerns on Claim 7, since the supporting member was formed in the substantially U shape, a pillar part can be arrange | positioned in the state in which the line was arranged in the edge part of the upper and lower treads, and the design property is good.

  According to the invention according to claim 8, the insertion hole of the contact portion of the upper fixing portion is formed obliquely so that the upper side is close to the tip portion of the upper tread and the lower side is far from the tip portion. When the fixing means is inserted through the insertion hole, the fixing means can be inserted obliquely from the lower side (back side) of the stairs, and the screwing operation can be easily performed.

  According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, since the lower tread is arranged so as to bend with respect to the upper ascending / descending direction and is supported by the support pillar, the support member is interposed via the upper and lower treads. Since it is connected to all the other support members and the lower part is supported by the support columns, the load applied to one tread is distributed to all the support members and support columns below and above. As described above, since the load applied to one tread is supported by all the supporting members and the supporting columns, the strength between the upper and lower treads can be sufficiently ensured.

  According to the invention of claim 10, since all the treads are arranged straight and the support member having the same configuration is provided between the bottom tread and the floor surface, the load applied to one tread is In addition, it is distributed to all support members below. As described above, since the load applied to one tread is supported by all the supporting members, the strength between the upper and lower treads can be sufficiently ensured.

The perspective view of the downward bend type stairs concerning the present invention Side view of the above stairs Partial enlarged view of FIG. Side view showing mounting mode of support member Front view of part of the above stairs The perspective view which shows the attachment aspect of a supporting member Exploded perspective view of support member (A) (b) is a bottom view of the upper fixing part and (a) is a cross-sectional view along the line XX. (A) (b) is a side view and a front view of a straight staircase

  FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a downward bend type staircase, and FIG. 2 is a side view thereof. In these figures, the staircase includes a straight portion A including a girder 1 spanned between the upper and lower floors of a building, and a plurality of treads 2 provided at intervals in the girder 1; It is composed of a bent part B provided so that the tread board is bent at a substantially right angle with respect to the ascending / descending direction of the straight part A from the lower part of the part A, and a handrail 3 is provided on one side of the straight part A, Both sides of the tread board 2 are not supported by a wall or the like. Only one side of the stairs may be opened without being supported by a wall or the like.

  The straight portion A includes a single girder 1, a plurality of treads 2 provided at intervals in the girder 1, and a handrail 3. Two girders 1 may be used, but even in that case, it is assumed that the tread board 2 protrudes to the outside of the girders 1.

  The girder 1 is a hollow metal member having a square cross section (the cross section may be round), the upper end of which is cut obliquely, abuts against the wall 4 between the upper and lower floors, and is fixed via a fixing bracket. . The lower end of the girder 1 is also cut obliquely and is brought into contact with the floor surface 6 on the lower floor, and is fixed via a fixing bracket.

  A tread board receiving member 8 is fixed to the girder 1 at equal intervals along the longitudinal direction of its upper surface. However, the tread board receiving member 8 is not provided for the lowermost stage and the upper two stages.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the tread board receiving member 8 is a hollow member having a trapezoidal cross section, and the angle of the opposite side portion 10 which is not parallel is set to an angle formed between the upper surface of the girder 1 and the tread board 2 (horizontal). . The opposite side portions 10 are fixed to the beam 1 and the tread plate 2 with screws.

  The tread board 2 is fixed on the tread board receiving member 8, but is formed in a rectangular shape except for the bottom tread board 2n. The bottom tread 2n is formed in a trapezoidal shape with a narrow inner side and a wide outer side, and the width dimension between the outer edge and the inner edge forming parallel opposite sides is the same as that of the other treads 2. Yes.

  Next, the bent portion B is configured by two upper and lower step plates 2a and 2b following the lowermost step plate 2n of the straight portion A, and these step plates 2a and 2b are respectively provided on the floor surface of the lower floor with support pillars 11, 12 is supported. The upper tread 2a is formed in a sword shape, and the lower tread 2b is formed so as to be substantially symmetrical with the lowermost tread 2n. The bent portion B is configured to bend at a right angle to the straight portion A.

  The tread board 2 may be made of wood, synthetic resin, or metal.

  The support pillars 11 and 12 are hollow members, and the upper ends and lower ends thereof are fixed to the floor surface 6 on the lower floor and the upper and lower treads 2a and 2b, respectively, via fixing brackets. Although details of the fixing bracket are omitted, a fixing claw is raised from the opposite side of the fixing plate fixed to the floor surface. The fixing bracket is covered with the support columns 11 and 12 and the fixing claw is supported by the support columns 11 and 12. You can fasten with screws from the outside. Only the fixed claw may be taken out of the support columns 11 and 12 and the fixed claw and the support columns 11 and 12 may be screwed. The same applies to the fixtures that fix the upper and lower ends of the girders. The support columns 11 and 12 may be made of wood, and the cross section may be square or round.

  A handrail 3 is provided on one side of the straight portion A. The handrail 3 includes a handrail column 13 erected on one end of a plurality of treads 2, a handrail material 14 supported on the upper end of the handrail column 13, and a panel 15 between the handrail columns 13. A fixed plate 32 (see FIG. 1) provided at the lower end of the handrail column 13 is fixed to the lower surface of the tread plate 2. As shown in FIG. 4, when the angle of the girder 1 is increased, the interval between the tip of the tread plate 2 provided with the handrail column 13 and the side surface of the handrail 3 column is reduced, and this interval is small enough for a finger to enter. In this case, it is preferable to fill the gap 5 with a filling 5 such as rubber or sponge.

  Next, in the straight portion A and the bent portion B, the tip portion 30 of the upper tread 2a and the base portion 31 of the lower tread 2b are arranged so that the kicked portions overlap when viewed from directly above, that is, the tip of the upper tread 2a. The portion 30 is provided so as to protrude forward from the base portion 31 of the lower tread 2b. A support member 16 is provided between the projecting side tip 30 of the upper tread 2 and the base 31 of the lower tread 2, that is, a portion corresponding to the kicked portions of the upper and lower treads 2a and 2b. .

  In addition, the upper tread 2a and the lower tread 2b refer to treads having a relatively vertical relationship. The same applies to the following.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the support member 16 includes an upper fixing portion 17 formed at the distal end portion of the upper tread 2a, a lower fixing portion 18 formed at the base of the lower tread 2b, and these upper fixing portions. It is comprised from the pillar part 19 provided between the part 17 and the lower fixing | fixed part 18. As shown in FIG.

  The upper fixing portion 17 is formed in a rectangular thick plate shape, and a contact portion 24 in which two screw insertion holes 21 are formed on one end side and one connection screw insertion hole 22 is formed on the other end side, The connecting portion 25 is formed from the other end side of the contact portion 24 and has a substantially U-shaped cross section.

  The lower fixing portion 18 includes a thick plate-like horizontal abutting portion 26 having substantially the same size as the upper fixing portion 17, a vertical abutting portion 27 depending from one end of the horizontal abutting portion 26, and a horizontal abutting portion. 26, a connecting portion 28 having a U-shaped cross section formed vertically from one end of the H. Two connecting screw insertion holes 29 are formed on one end side of the vertical contact portion 27. One connecting screw insertion hole 23 is formed on the other end side.

  The column portion 19 is a rectangular cylindrical body, and a screw hole 20 is formed on the inner wall. Inside the column part 19, the upper fixing part 17 and the connecting parts 25 and 28 of the lower fixing part 18 are formed so as to be fitted.

  As shown in FIG. 5, when the support member 16 faces the front surface of the tread 2, the right support member 16 has the upper and lower fixing portions 17 and 18 extending to the left side of the column portion 19. The left side support member 16 is provided with two types of upper and lower fixed portions 17 and 18 extending on the right side of the column portion 19. The configuration of each part is basically the same. The two screw insertion holes 21 of the upper fixing portion 17 of both the support members 16 are formed obliquely so as to be inclined in the width direction of the contact portion 24. As shown in FIGS. 8 (a) and 8 (b), the screw insertion hole 21 is formed obliquely so that the upper side is close to the tip of the upper tread 2a and the lower side is far from the tip. ing. Of course, when the support member 16 is provided only on one side of the staircase, only one type is necessary.

  The upper fixing portion 17 and the lower fixing portion 18 may be formed of a metal such as aluminum or a synthetic resin, but the column portion 19 is preferably formed of an aluminum extrusion mold.

  In the above configuration, as shown in FIG. 7, the support member 16 inserts the connecting portion 25 of the upper fixing portion 17 into the upper end of the column portion 19 and inserts the screw inserted through the connecting screw insertion hole 22 into the screw hole 20. In the same manner, the connecting portion 28 of the lower fixing portion 18 is fitted into the lower end of the column portion 19 and the screw inserted from the connecting screw insertion hole 23 is screwed into the screw hole 20 and fixed. It is assembled so that it becomes a substantially U shape.

  Next, when the upper tread board 2a and the lower tread board 2b are connected and supported by the support member 16, the support member 16 is disposed at the side ends of the upper tread board 2a and the lower tread board 2b. In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, etc., the support members 16 are arranged on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the upper tread 2a and the lower tread 2b. However, the support members 16 are arranged only on one side. There may be.

  First, since the tip 30 of the upper tread 2a is provided so as to protrude forward from the base 31 of the lower tread 2b, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, the tip of the upper tread 2a on the overhang side is provided. The support member 16 is disposed between 30 and the base 31 of the lower tread 2b. At this time, the contact portion 24 of the upper fixing portion 17 is arranged along the tip of the upper surface of the upper tread 2a, and the horizontal contact portion 26 of the lower fixing portion 18 is arranged along the base 31 of the upper surface of the lower tread 2b. To do. Further, the vertical contact portion 27 of the lower tread 2b is brought into contact with the end surface of the base of the lower tread 2b. Then, the screw 7a is screwed in the direction indicated by the arrow p from the two screw insertion holes 21 formed in the contact portion 24 of the upper tread 2a, and similarly, 2 formed in the vertical contact portion 27 of the lower tread 2b. The screws 7b are screwed in the horizontal direction indicated by the arrow q from the screw insertion holes 29 and fixed. Since the upper and lower treads 2a and 2b of the bent portion B are supported by the support columns 11 and 12, respectively, it is not necessary to provide a support member, but it may be provided. The fixing means for the support member 16 is not limited to screws. It may be a nail, a driving screw or the like.

  As described above, both sides of the upper tread 2a and the lower tread 2b are open, but these treads 2a and 2b are supported by the support member 16. In addition, since the support member 16 is connected to all the other support members 16 via the upper and lower steps, and the lower portion is supported by the support columns 11 and 12, the load applied to one step plate is all above and below. The support member 16 and the support pillars 11 and 12 are dispersed. As described above, since the load applied to one tread is supported by all the support members 16 and the support pillars 11 and 12, the strength between the upper and lower treads 2 can be sufficiently secured, and the girder 1 that supports the treads 2. Even if there is one, deformation such as torsion does not occur when a load is applied to the tread 2, and it can be supported stably, and there is no anxiety due to deformation when going up and down.

  The support member 16 is provided between an upper fixing portion 17 formed at the tip of the upper tread 2a, a lower fixing portion 18 formed at the base of the lower tread 2b, and between the upper fixing portion 17 and the lower fixing portion 18. Since the pillar portion 19 is integrally coupled, by cutting the pillar portion 19 and adjusting the length, it is possible to cope with various kick heights, good fit, and the minimum necessary Since it is composed of limited members, it is possible to reduce material and manufacturing costs. Since the upper fixing portion 17 and the lower tread 2b can be connected to the column portion 19 after the length adjustment, there is no waste.

  The upper fixing portion 17 and the lower fixing portion 18 are respectively provided with connecting portions 25 and 28 that are inserted and connected to the column portion 19, and contact portions 24 and 26 that are in contact with the upper surface of the upper tread 2a and the lower surface of the lower tread 2b. Since the support member 16 is provided, the support member 16 is accommodated inside the tread board 2 and does not protrude outward, so that the appearance is clean.

  Next, a vertical contact portion 27 that contacts the end surface of the base of the lower tread plate 2b is formed in the contact portion of the lower fixing portion 18, and the vertical contact portion 27 is screwed to the end surface of the base of the lower tread plate 2b. Since the support member 16 can be positioned easily and reliably, the screw 7b is indicated by the arrow q from the vertical contact portion 12 toward the end surface of the base of the lower tread 2b on the back side of the beam 1. Since it can be driven and fixed horizontally, the supporting member can be fixed easily.

  Further, since the abutting portion 24 of the upper fixing portion 17 is placed along the front end portion of the upper tread 2a and a screw for fixing the abutting portion to the upper tread 2a is driven in the vicinity of the front end of the upper tread 2a, it is easy even in a narrow place Even if there is a plate of the handrail 3 on the tread plate 2, it does not interfere with the plate.

  Furthermore, since the support member 16 is disposed on at least one side in the longitudinal direction of the upper tread 2a and the lower tread 2b, when the foot is placed on the center side of the tread surface of the lower tread 2b, There is almost no risk of the support member 16 colliding. Therefore, it is possible to safely go up and down.

  Further, since the upper fixing portion 17, the lower fixing portion 18 and the column portion 19 of the support member 16 are individually configured and the column portion 19 is made of an aluminum extrusion mold, the support between the upper and lower treads 2a and 2b is supported. The strength can be ensured and the column portion 19 can be easily cut and the length of the column portion 19 can be easily adjusted.

  Since the support member 16 is formed in a substantially U-shape, the column portion 19 can be arranged in a state where the lines are aligned with the end portions of the upper and lower treads 2, and the design is good.

  The screw insertion holes 21 and 22 of the abutting portion 24 of the upper fixing portion 17 are formed obliquely so that the upper side is close to the tip portion of the upper tread 2a and the lower side is far from the tip portion. When inserting into the screw insertion hole 21, it can be made to insert diagonally from the lower side (back side) of the stairs as shown by the arrow p, and screw fixing work can be easily performed.

  The embodiment of the staircase according to the present invention is not limited to the downward bending type. Of course, the present invention can also be applied to the straight type staircase shown in FIGS. The members indicated by the reference numerals shown in the figure are the same as the members described above. In this case, a support member 16 having the same configuration as that of the support member is also disposed between the bottom tread 2 and the floor surface 6. Thereby, since all the treads are arranged straight and the support member 16 is provided between the bottom tread 2 and the floor surface 6, the load applied to one tread 2 is all lower and upper Dispersed and supported by the support member 16, the strength between the upper and lower treads can be sufficiently ensured.

  Further, the support member is not limited to the above-described one. For example, the lower fixing portion 18 may have the same configuration as the upper fixing portion 17 and the same fixing portion as the upper fixing portion 17 may be connected to the upper end and the lower end of the column portion. In this case, it can be applied to the lowermost support member 16 in the staircase of the type shown in FIGS. Since the lower fixing part (18) in contact with the floor surface 6 is the same as the upper fixing part (17), the upper fixing part can also serve as the lower fixing part. There is no need to make.

  Further, the number of support members 16 is not limited. There should be more than one. Moreover, the position should just be in an edge part side rather than the center of the footboard 2, and is not limited to an edge part.

1 digit 2 tread 2a upper tread 2b lower tread 16 support member 17 upper fixing part 18 lower fixing part 19 pillar part 21, 22 screw insertion hole 24, 26 abutting part 27 vertical abutting part 25, 28 connecting part

Claims (10)

In the single digits it is stretched and the upper floor and the lower floor of the building at intervals a plurality of step boards, and open at least one side stairs,
The upper end of the upper tread and the base of the lower tread are supported by a support member, and the support member includes an upper fixing portion fixed to the upper end of the upper tread and a lower portion fixed to the base of the lower tread A staircase characterized in that a fixed portion and a column portion provided between the upper fixed portion and the lower fixed portion are integrally coupled.   The upper fixing portion and the lower fixing portion are each provided with a connecting portion that is connected to the column portion, and an abutting portion that is in contact with the tip portion of the upper tread plate and the base portion of the lower tread plate. The staircase according to 1.   The contact portion of the lower fixing portion is formed with a vertical contact portion that contacts the end surface of the base portion of the lower tread plate, and the vertical contact portion is fixed to the end surface of the base portion of the lower tread plate through a fixing means. The staircase according to claim 2.   The abutting portion of the upper fixing portion is arranged along the front end portion of the upper tread, and fixing means for fixing the abutting portion to the upper tread is driven in the vicinity of the front end portion of the upper tread. The stairs described in 2.   The staircase according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the support member is disposed on at least one side in the longitudinal direction of the upper and lower treads.   The staircase according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the upper fixing portion, the lower fixing portion, and the column portion of the support member are configured separately from each other, and the column portion is made of an extruded aluminum material.   The staircase according to claim 1, wherein the support member is formed in a substantially U shape.   The insertion hole of the contact portion of the upper fixing portion is formed obliquely so that the upper side is close to the tip portion of the upper tread and the lower side is far from the tip portion. Stairs as described in any one.   The staircase according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the lower tread is arranged so as to bend with respect to the up and down direction of the upper part, and is supported by a support column.   All the step boards are arrange | positioned straightly, The supporting member of the same structure as the said supporting member is provided also between the lowermost step board and the floor surface, The one in any one of Claims 1-8 characterized by the above-mentioned. The staircase described.

Images