JP5609536B2 - Near-infrared reflective film and near-infrared reflector - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a near-infrared reflective film excellent in near-infrared reflectivity, visible light transparency and durability, and a near-infrared reflector provided with a near-infrared reflective film.

  In recent years, with increasing interest in energy saving measures, from the viewpoint of reducing the load on cooling equipment, there is an increasing demand for near-infrared reflective films that can be attached to window glass of buildings and vehicles to block the transmission of solar heat rays. It is coming.

  As a method for forming a near-infrared reflective film, a laminated film comprising a structure in which a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer are alternately laminated is formed by a dry film forming method such as a vapor deposition method or a sputtering method. There has been proposed a method of forming them. However, the dry film forming method has problems such as a large vacuum apparatus used for forming, high manufacturing cost, difficult to enlarge, and limited to a heat-resistant material as a base material. Yes.

  A method of forming a near-infrared reflective film using a wet coating method instead of the dry film forming method having the above-described problems is known.

  For example, a refractive index layer coating solution in which a thermosetting silicone resin or ultraviolet curable acrylic resin containing metal oxide or metal compound fine particles is dispersed in an organic solvent is applied onto a substrate by a wet coating method using a bar coater. A method of forming a transparent laminate by coating (for example, see Patent Document 1), refraction composed of rutile titanium oxide, a heterocyclic nitrogen compound (for example, pyridine), an ultraviolet curable binder, and an organic solvent. A method for forming a transparent laminate by applying a coating composition for forming a coating film on a substrate by a wet coating method using a bar coater (for example, see Patent Document 2) is disclosed.

  Moreover, although industrial fields differ, A) natural water-soluble thickening polysaccharide (for example, xanthan gum, galactomannan, etc.), b) hydrophilic metal oxide particles (for example, silica particles, etc.), C) various surfactants ( For example, a hydrophilic coating composition that is composed of non-ionic, cationic, zwitterionic, fluorine-based, etc.) and D) solvents and prevents condensation on window glass or the like is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 3). .)

JP-A-8-110401 JP 2004-123766 A JP 2004-143443 A

  However, in the methods disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 above, the refractive index layer forming coating solution is mainly prepared using an organic solvent as the main medium. At the time of drying and drying, a large amount of organic solvent is scattered, which has environmental and safety problems.

  A method of applying an aqueous coating solution can be considered for the environmental problems of coating solutions containing organic solvents. However, the aqueous coating solution tends to agglomerate the metal oxide particles used, for example, it is simply surface active. The addition of an agent or the like cannot easily eliminate the aggregation of the metal oxide particles.

  In addition, as described in Patent Document 2, even when the surface of the metal oxide particles is coated with a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound, when a surfactant is used for the purpose of improving coating properties, the surfactant is used. Depending on the type, the surface charge of the particles is lost, the metal oxide particles are aggregated, the surface of the formed coating film becomes non-uniform, and haze increases. Further, when a coating film formed by such an unstable method is stored for a long period of time, there are problems that further haze increase and refractive index fluctuation are likely to occur.

  On the other hand, the hydrophilic coating composition described in Patent Document 3 is intended to impart hydrophilicity to the glass substrate surface in order to prevent dew condensation. When the concentration of the water-soluble thickening polysaccharide is very low and the ratio of the binder to the hydrophilic metal oxide particles is low, the hydrophilic metal oxide particles protrude from the surface of the glass substrate and form a single layer. Although the haze value can be kept low, in the configuration in which layers having different refractive indexes as in the present invention are alternately laminated, the interface between the layers is disturbed and a highly uniform film cannot be formed.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its purpose is to use a water-based coating solution for forming a refractive index, which has high near-infrared reflectance and visible light transmittance, film surface uniformity, durability ( An object of the present invention is to provide a near-infrared reflective film excellent in haze resistance and color resistance) and a near-infrared reflector provided with a near-infrared reflective film.

  The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following configurations.

1. Near-red having at least one unit composed of a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer on a substrate, and having a refractive index difference of 0.1 or more between the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer in the outer reflection film, at least one layer of the high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer is, a) amino acids, aminopolycarboxylic acids, the surface of at least one compound a selected from pyridine derivatives and collagen peptides Coated metal oxide particles, B) water-soluble polymer, and C) at least one selected from acetylene glycol-based nonionic surfactant, quaternary ammonium salt-based cationic surfactant, and fluorine-based cationic surfactant The near-infrared reflective film characterized by containing the surfactant.

  2. 2. The near-infrared reflective film as described in 1 above, wherein the compound A has a partial structure represented by the following general formula (1) or (2).

  3. 3. The near-infrared reflective film as described in 1 or 2 above, wherein the compound A is a compound represented by the following general formula (3).

[Wherein, Z represents a carbon atom or an atomic group necessary to form a 5-membered ring or 6-membered ring together with the carbon atom. M represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom or an ammonium group, and R ₁ represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkylcarbonamide group, an arylcarbonamide group, an alkylsulfonamide group, an arylsulfonamide group, an alkoxy group. Group, aryloxy group, alkylthio group, arylthio group, alkylcarbamoyl group, arylcarbamoyl group, carbamoyl group, alkylsulfamoyl group, arylsulfamoyl group, sulfamoyl group, cyano group, alkylsulfonyl group, arylsulfonyl group, alkoxy Represents a carbonyl group, aryloxycarbonyl group, alkylcarbonyl group, arylcarbonyl group, acyloxy group, carboxyl group, carbonyl group, sulfonyl group, amino group, hydroxy group or heterocyclic group . n represents an integer of 0 to 4. ]
4). 4. The water-soluble polymer according to any one of 1 to 3, wherein the water-soluble polymer is at least one selected from a polymer having a reactive functional group, an inorganic polymer, a thickening polysaccharide, and gelatin. Near-infrared reflective film.

  5. 5. The near-infrared reflective film according to any one of 1 to 4, wherein the surfactant is an acetylene glycol-based nonionic surfactant.

  6). 6. A near-infrared reflector having the near-infrared reflective film according to any one of 1 to 5 on at least one surface side of a substrate.

  According to the present invention, a near-infrared reflection using a water-based refractive index forming coating solution, having high near-infrared reflectance and visible light transmittance, and excellent film surface uniformity and durability (haze resistance, coloring resistance). A near-infrared reflector provided with a film and a near-infrared reflective film could be provided.

  Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail.

As a result of intensive studies in view of the above problems, the present inventor has at least one unit composed of a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer on a substrate, and the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index in the near infrared reflection film having a refractive index difference between the rate layer is 0.1 or more, at least one layer of the high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer is, a) amino acids, aminopolycarboxylic acids, pyridine derivatives And metal oxide particles coated with at least one compound A selected from collagen peptides, B) water-soluble polymer, and C) acetylene glycol nonionic surfactant, quaternary ammonium salt cationic interface An aqueous refractive index forming coating solution is used with a near-infrared reflective film characterized by containing at least one surfactant selected from an activator and a fluorine-based cationic surfactant Near-infrared reflector having high near-infrared reflectivity and visible light transmittance and excellent film surface uniformity and durability (haze resistance, color resistance) and a near-infrared reflector provided with a near-infrared reflection film As a result, the present invention has been found.

  That is, mainly from the viewpoint of allowing metal oxide particles positively charged as surface charges to be present in a water-based coating solution in a stably dispersed state, the first method is to treat the metal oxide particle surface with amino It is stabilized by coating with a group-containing compound or collagen peptide, and is stably dispersed using a cationic or nonionic (nonionic) surfactant that does not offset the surface charge of the metal oxide particles. This increases the surface protection of the metal oxide particles, and even in a water-soluble coating solution, the refractive index of the metal oxide particles is present in a state where the metal oxide particles are desired to be uniformly dispersed without causing aggregation. Can form a layer, and as a result, even when a near-infrared reflective film produced using it is stored under sunlight for a long period of time, haze (turbidity) and coloration occur. No, it was possible to obtain a near-infrared reflection film having excellent durability.

  Hereinafter, the component of the near-infrared reflective film of this invention, the form for implementing this invention, etc. are demonstrated in detail.

《Near-infrared reflective film》
Infrared reflecting film of the present invention comprises a base material, has at least one formed unit from the high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer at least one layer of the high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer A) metal oxide particles whose surface is coated with at least one compound A selected from aminocarboxylic acids, aminopolycarboxylic acids, pyridine derivatives and collagen peptides, B) water-soluble polymers, and C) acetylene glycol A near-infrared reflective film characterized by containing at least one surfactant selected from a nonionic surfactant, a quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant, and a fluorine cationic surfactant However, the basic optical characteristics of the near-infrared reflective film are characterized in that the refractive index difference between the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is 0.1 or more. Moreover, as a transmittance | permeability of visible region shown by JISR3106-1998, it is preferable to have an area | region which is 50% or more and exceeds the reflectance 50% in the area | region of wavelength 900nm-1400nm.

  In general, in the near-infrared reflective film, the larger the difference in refractive index between the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer, the better from the viewpoint that the infrared reflectance can be increased with a small number of layers. Preferably, at least one of the units composed of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer has a difference in refractive index between the adjacent high refractive index layer and low refractive index layer of 0.1 or more, preferably Is 0.3 or more, particularly preferably 0.4 or more.

  The reflectance in the specific wavelength region is determined by the difference in refractive index between two adjacent layers and the number of stacked layers, and the larger the difference in refractive index, the same reflectance can be obtained with a smaller number of layers. The refractive index difference and the required number of layers can be calculated using commercially available optical design software. For example, in order to obtain an infrared reflectance of 90% or more, if the refractive index difference is smaller than 0.1, the number of layers exceeding 100 layers is required, which not only decreases productivity but also scattering at the laminated interface. Becomes larger, the transparency is lowered, and it becomes very difficult to manufacture without failure. From the viewpoint of improving reflectivity and reducing the number of layers, there is no upper limit to the difference in refractive index, but the limit is substantially about 1.40.

<< Configuration of near-infrared reflective film >>
Next, the basic configuration outline of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer in the near-infrared reflective film of the present invention will be described.

  In the near-infrared reflective film of the present invention, the substrate is composed of a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer, and the refractive index difference between the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is 0.1 or more. A configuration in which at least one unit is laminated may be used. However, the preferred number of layers of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is, from the above viewpoint, the range of the total number of layers is 100 layers or less, that is, 50 No more than units, more preferably no more than 40 layers (20 units), and even more preferably no more than 20 layers (10 units).

  Moreover, in the near-infrared reflective film of this invention, as a preferable refractive index of a high refractive index layer, it is 1.80-2.50, More preferably, it is 1.90-2.20. Moreover, as a preferable refractive index of a low-refractive-index layer, it is 1.10-1.60, More preferably, it is 1.30-1.50.

  In the near-infrared reflective film of the present invention, a layer configuration in which the layer adjacent to the substrate is a low refractive index layer containing silicon oxide and the outermost layer is also a low refractive index layer containing silicon oxide is preferable.

  In the present invention, the refractive indexes of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer can be determined according to the following method.

  A sample in which each refractive index layer for measuring a refractive index is coated as a single layer on a substrate is prepared, and the sample is cut into 10 cm × 10 cm, and then the refractive index is obtained according to the following method. Using a U-4000 type (manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.) as a spectrophotometer, the back side on the measurement side of each sample is roughened, and then light absorption is performed with a black spray to reflect light on the back side. In this case, the reflectance in the visible light region (400 nm to 700 nm) is measured at 25 points under the condition of regular reflection at 5 degrees to obtain an average value, and the average refractive index is obtained from the measurement result.

《NIR reflection film components》
In the present invention, the substrate has at least one unit composed of a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer, and at least one of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is A) aminocarboxylic Metal oxide particles coated with at least one compound A selected from acids, aminopolycarboxylic acids, pyridine derivatives and collagen peptides, B) water-soluble polymers, and C) acetylene glycol nonionic surfactants It contains at least one surfactant selected from quaternary ammonium salt-based cationic surfactants and fluorine-based cationic surfactants.

  Hereinafter, details of each component of the near-infrared reflective film of the present invention will be described.

〔Base material〕
The substrate applied to the near-infrared reflective film of the present invention is preferably a film support, and the film support may be transparent or opaque, and various resin films may be used. Polyolefin films (polyethylene, polypropylene, etc.), polyester films (polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, etc.), polyvinyl chloride, cellulose acetate, etc. can be used, and polyester films are preferred. Although it does not specifically limit as a polyester film (henceforth polyester), It is preferable that it is polyester which has the film formation property which has a dicarboxylic acid component and a diol component as main structural components. The main constituent dicarboxylic acid components include terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, phthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,7-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, diphenylsulfone dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl ether dicarboxylic acid, diphenylethanedicarboxylic acid, Examples thereof include cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl thioether dicarboxylic acid, diphenyl ketone dicarboxylic acid, and phenylindane dicarboxylic acid. Examples of the diol component include ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, tetramethylene glycol, cyclohexanedimethanol, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyethoxyphenyl) propane, bis ( 4-Hydroxyphenyl) sulfone, bisphenol fluorene hydroxyethyl ether, diethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, hydroquinone, cyclohexanediol and the like. Among the polyesters having these as main constituent components, from the viewpoint of transparency, mechanical strength, dimensional stability, etc., dicarboxylic acid components such as terephthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, diol components such as ethylene glycol and 1 Polyester having 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol as the main constituent is preferred. Among these, polyesters mainly composed of polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene naphthalate, copolymerized polyesters composed of terephthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and ethylene glycol, and mixtures of two or more of these polyesters are mainly used. Polyester as a constituent component is preferable.

  The thickness of the film support according to the present invention is preferably 10 to 300 μm, more preferably 20 to 150 μm. The film support of the present invention may be a laminate of two sheets, and in this case, the type may be the same or different.

[Metal oxide particles]
At least one of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer according to the present invention is coated with at least one compound A selected from A) aminocarboxylic acids, aminopolycarboxylic acids, pyridine derivatives and collagen peptides. Although it is characterized by containing metal oxide particles, it is preferable that all of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer contain metal oxide particles.

  Examples of the metal oxide according to the present invention include titanium dioxide, zirconium oxide, zinc oxide, synthetic amorphous silica, colloidal silica, alumina, colloidal alumina, lead titanate, red lead, yellow lead, zinc yellow, chromium oxide. And ferric oxide, iron black, copper oxide, magnesium oxide, magnesium hydroxide, strontium titanate, yttrium oxide, niobium oxide, europium oxide, lanthanum oxide, zircon, and tin oxide.

  The content of the metal oxide is preferably 50% by mass or more and 95% by mass or less, and more preferably 60% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less. By setting the content of the metal oxide to 50% by mass or more, it becomes easy to increase the refractive index difference between the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer, and the content of the metal oxide is set to 95% by mass or less. By this, the film | membrane flexibility is obtained and it becomes easy to form a near-infrared reflective film.

  In each refractive index layer, the mass ratio (F / B) between the metal oxide particles (F) and the water-soluble polymer (B) that is a binder constituting each layer is in the range of 0.5 to 20. It is preferable that there is, and more preferably 1.0 to 10.

As the metal oxide used in the high refractive index layer according to the present invention, TiO ₂ , ZnO and ZrO ₂ are preferable, and from the viewpoint of the stability of the metal oxide particle-containing composition described later for forming the high refractive index layer. TiO ₂ (titanium dioxide sol) is more preferable. Of TiO _2, the rutile type is preferable because the catalyst activity is low and the weather resistance of the high refractive index layer and the adjacent layer is high, and the refractive index is high.

  Examples of the method for preparing the titanium dioxide sol that can be used in the present invention include JP-A 63-17221, JP-A 7-819, JP-A 9-165218, and JP-A 11-43327. Can be a reference.

  As other methods for preparing titanium dioxide sol, refer to, for example, JP-A-63-17221, JP-A-7-819, JP-A-9-165218, JP-A-11-43327, and the like. be able to.

  The preferable primary particle diameter of the titanium dioxide fine particles is 4 nm to 50 nm, more preferably 4 nm to 30 nm.

  In the low refractive index layer according to the present invention, as the metal oxide particles, silicon dioxide particles are preferably used, and acidic colloidal silica sol is particularly preferably used.

  The silicon dioxide particles according to the present invention preferably have an average particle size of 100 nm or less. The average particle diameter of primary particles of silicon dioxide dispersed in a primary particle state (particle diameter in a dispersion state before coating) is preferably 20 nm or less, more preferably 10 nm or less. In addition, the average particle size of the secondary particles is preferably 30 nm or less from the viewpoint of low haze and excellent visible light transmittance.

The volume average particle diameter of the titanium oxide particles according to the present invention is a method of observing the particles themselves using a laser diffraction scattering method, a dynamic light scattering method, or an electron microscope, or appears on the cross section or surface of the refractive index layer. the method of observing the particle image with an electron microscope to measure the particle diameter of 1,000 randomly selected particles, each of _{d 1, d 2 ··· d i} ··· d k , each particle having a particle size of In a group of n ₁ , n ₂ ... n _i ... _k particles, and the volume per particle is v _i , the volume average particle diameter m _v = {Σ (v _i · d _i )} / {Σ (v _i )}.

[Compound A]
In the present invention, at least one of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer is a metal whose surface is coated with at least one compound A selected from aminocarboxylic acids, aminopolycarboxylic acids, pyridine derivatives and collagen peptides. It is characterized by containing oxide particles.

  The compound A according to the present invention may be a polymer having the above compound group as a structural unit.

  In the present invention, the compound A according to the present invention is preferably a compound having a partial structure represented by the following general formula (1) or (2).

  Furthermore, the compound A according to the present invention is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (3).

In the above general formula (3), Z represents a carbon atom or an atomic group necessary for forming a 5-membered ring or a 6-membered ring together with the carbon atom. M represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom or an ammonium group, and R ₁ represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkylcarbonamide group, an arylcarbonamide group, an alkylsulfonamide group, an arylsulfonamide group, an alkoxy group. Group, aryloxy group, alkylthio group, arylthio group, alkylcarbamoyl group, arylcarbamoyl group, carbamoyl group, alkylsulfamoyl group, arylsulfamoyl group, sulfamoyl group, cyano group, alkylsulfonyl group, arylsulfonyl group, alkoxy Represents a carbonyl group, aryloxycarbonyl group, alkylcarbonyl group, arylcarbonyl group, acyloxy group, carboxyl group, carbonyl group, sulfonyl group, amino group, hydroxy group or heterocyclic group . n represents an integer of 0 to 4.

  Specific examples of typical compounds of the compound (A) according to the present invention are shown below.

  In addition to the compounds exemplified above, a copolymer or graft polymer containing 3- (4-vinylbenzyloxy) picolinic acid can be given.

  In the present invention, LI-22 (picolinic acid) is particularly preferable among the compounds exemplified above.

  These compounds A can be purchased as reagents or beilstein handbuch der organischen chemie, Annan der Chemie, Chemical Abstracts (Chem). Abstr.), Journal Offke The American Chemical Society (J. Am. Chem. Soc.), Monashshte Hugh Hemy (Monatsh. Chem.), Jurnar der Russichen Physiklish-Hemichen・ Abstract journals and reports such as Gesellshaft (Journal der Russischen Physikalish-Chemischen Gesellshaft) And can be synthesized according to the methods described therein.

  One of the compounds A according to the present invention is collagen peptides.

  The collagen peptides according to the present invention are proteins in which gelatin is subjected to a low molecular weight treatment so that sol-gel change is not expressed.

  In general, gelatin includes acid-treated gelatin and alkali-treated gelatin, as well as enzyme-treated gelatin and gelatin derivatives that undergo enzyme treatment in the gelatin production process, that is, amino groups, imino groups, hydroxyl groups as functional groups in the molecule, It may be modified by treatment with a reagent having a carboxyl group and a group obtained by reaction with the carboxyl group. The general method for producing gelatin is well known and is described, for example, in T.W. H. James: The Theory of Photographic Process 4th. ed. Reference can be made to descriptions such as 1977 (Machillan) 55, Science Photo Handbook (above) 72-75 (Maruzen), Fundamentals of Photographic Engineering-Silver Salt Photographs 119-124 (Corona).

  Collagen peptide (low molecular weight gelatin) according to the present invention can be hydrolyzed by adding gelatin-degrading enzyme to the gelatin aqueous solution having an average molecular weight of about 100,000, which is usually used, or heating by adding acid or alkali, It can be obtained by thermal decomposition by heating at atmospheric pressure or under pressure, decomposition by ultrasonic irradiation, or by reducing the molecular weight by using these methods in combination.

  The molecular weight of the collagen peptide is preferably an average molecular weight of 500 or more and 10,000 or less, more preferably 700 or more and 7,000 or less, and particularly preferably 1,000 or more and 5,000 or less. The average molecular weight of the collagen peptide can be measured, for example, by gel filtration chromatography.

(Water-soluble polymer)
In the near-infrared reflective film of the present invention, the water-soluble polymer as component B) is at least one selected from a polymer having a reactive functional group, an inorganic polymer, a thickening polysaccharide and gelatin. preferable.

  The water-soluble in the water-soluble polymer according to the present invention is a polymer compound that dissolves 1.0% by mass or more with respect to the aqueous medium, and preferably 3.0% by mass or more.

The concentration of the water-soluble polymer in the coating solution for forming a high refractive index layer and the coating solution for forming a low refractive index layer according to the present invention is preferably 0.3 to 3.0% by mass, A range of 2.0% by mass is more preferable.

  Hereinafter, details of each water-soluble polymer will be described.

(Polymer having reactive functional group)
As one of the water-soluble polymers according to the present invention, a polymer having a reactive functional group is preferably used.

  Examples of the water-soluble polymer applicable to the present invention include polymers having reactive functional groups, such as polyvinyl alcohols, polyvinyl pyrrolidones, polyacrylic acid, acrylic acid-acrylonitrile copolymer, potassium acrylate- Acrylic resins such as acrylonitrile copolymer, vinyl acetate-acrylic acid ester copolymer, or acrylic acid-acrylic acid ester copolymer, styrene-acrylic acid copolymer, styrene-methacrylic acid copolymer, styrene- Styrene acrylic resin such as methacrylic acid-acrylic acid ester copolymer, styrene-α-methylstyrene-acrylic acid copolymer, or styrene-α-methylstyrene-acrylic acid-acrylic acid ester copolymer, styrene-styrene Sodium sulfonate copolymer, styrene -2-hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer, styrene-2-hydroxyethyl acrylate-potassium styrene sulfonate copolymer, styrene-maleic acid copolymer, styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer, vinyl naphthalene-acrylic acid copolymer Vinyl acetate copolymers such as vinyl naphthalene-maleic acid copolymer, vinyl acetate-maleic acid ester copolymer, vinyl acetate-crotonic acid copolymer, vinyl acetate-acrylic acid copolymer, and salts thereof Is mentioned. Among these, particularly preferable examples include polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidones, and copolymers containing the same.

  The weight average molecular weight of the water-soluble polymer is preferably 1,000 or more and 200,000 or less. Furthermore, 3,000 or more and 40,000 or less are more preferable.

  The polyvinyl alcohol preferably used in the present invention includes, in addition to ordinary polyvinyl alcohol obtained by hydrolyzing polyvinyl acetate, modified polyvinyl alcohol such as polyvinyl alcohol having a cation-modified terminal and anion-modified polyvinyl alcohol having an anionic group. Alcohol is also included.

  The polyvinyl alcohol obtained by hydrolyzing vinyl acetate preferably has an average degree of polymerization of 1,000 or more, and particularly preferably has an average degree of polymerization of 1,500 to 5,000. The degree of saponification is preferably 70 to 100%, particularly preferably 80 to 99.5%.

  Examples of the cation-modified polyvinyl alcohol have primary to tertiary amino groups and quaternary ammonium groups in the main chain or side chain of the polyvinyl alcohol as described in JP-A-61-110483. Polyvinyl alcohol, which is obtained by saponifying a copolymer of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a cationic group and vinyl acetate.

  Examples of the ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a cationic group include trimethyl- (2-acrylamido-2,2-dimethylethyl) ammonium chloride and trimethyl- (3-acrylamido-3,3-dimethylpropyl) ammonium chloride. N-vinylimidazole, N-vinyl-2-methylimidazole, N- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) methacrylamide, hydroxylethyltrimethylammonium chloride, trimethyl- (2-methacrylamidopropyl) ammonium chloride, N- (1, 1-dimethyl-3-dimethylaminopropyl) acrylamide and the like. The ratio of the cation-modified group-containing monomer of the cation-modified polyvinyl alcohol is 0.1 to 10 mol%, preferably 0.2 to 5 mol%, relative to vinyl acetate.

  Anion-modified polyvinyl alcohol is, for example, polyvinyl alcohol having an anionic group as described in JP-A-1-2060888, as described in JP-A-61-237681 and JP-A-63-330779, Examples thereof include a copolymer of vinyl alcohol and a vinyl compound having a water-soluble group, and modified polyvinyl alcohol having a water-soluble group as described in JP-A-7-285265.

  Nonionic modified polyvinyl alcohol is, for example, a polyvinyl alcohol derivative obtained by adding a polyalkylene oxide group to a part of vinyl alcohol as described in JP-A-7-9758, and described in JP-A-8-25595. And a block copolymer of a vinyl compound having a hydrophobic group and vinyl alcohol. Polyvinyl alcohol can be used in combination of two or more, such as the degree of polymerization and the type of modification.

  In the present invention, a curing agent may be used when a polymer having a reactive functional group is used. When the polymer having a reactive functional group is polyvinyl alcohol, boric acid and a salt thereof described later and an epoxy curing agent are preferable.

(Inorganic polymer)
As one of the water-soluble polymers according to the present invention, it is preferable to use an inorganic polymer such as a zirconium atom-containing compound or an aluminum atom-containing compound.

  The compound containing a zirconium atom applicable to the present invention excludes zirconium oxide, and specific examples thereof include zirconium difluoride, zirconium trifluoride, zirconium tetrafluoride, hexafluorozirconium salt (for example, Potassium salt), heptafluorozirconate (for example, sodium salt, potassium salt or ammonium salt), octafluorozirconate (for example, lithium salt), fluorinated zirconium oxide, zirconium dichloride, zirconium trichloride, tetrachloride Zirconium, hexachlorozirconium salt (for example, sodium salt and potassium salt), zirconium oxychloride (zirconyl chloride), zirconium dibromide, zirconium tribromide, zirconium tetrabromide, zirconium bromide oxide, zirconium triiodide, four Diiodide Konium, zirconium peroxide, zirconium hydroxide, zirconium sulfide, zirconium sulfate, zirconium p-toluenesulfonate, zirconyl sulfate, sodium zirconyl sulfate, acidic zirconyl sulfate trihydrate, potassium zirconium sulfate, zirconium selenate, zirconium nitrate, nitric acid Zirconyl, zirconium phosphate, zirconyl carbonate, zirconyl ammonium carbonate, zirconium acetate, zirconyl acetate, zirconyl ammonium acetate, zirconyl lactate, zirconyl citrate, zirconyl stearate, zirconyl phosphate, zirconium oxalate, zirconium isopropylate, zirconium butyrate, Zirconium acetylacetonate, acetylacetone zirconium butyrate, zirconium stearate butyrate, Benzalkonium acetate, bis (acetylacetonato) dichloro zirconium and tris (acetylacetonato) chloro zirconium, and the like.

  Among these compounds, zirconyl chloride, zirconyl sulfate, sodium zirconyl sulfate, acidic zirconyl sulfate trihydrate, zirconyl nitrate, zirconyl carbonate, zirconyl ammonium carbonate, zirconyl acetate, zirconyl ammonium acetate, zirconyl stearate are more preferable. Zirconyl carbonate, zirconyl ammonium carbonate, zirconyl acetate, zirconyl nitrate and zirconyl chloride, particularly preferably zirconyl ammonium carbonate, zirconyl chloride and zirconyl acetate. Specific product names of the above compounds include Zircozole ZA-20 (Zirconyl Acetate) manufactured by Daiichi Rare Element Chemical Industry, Zircosol ZC-2 (Zirconyl Chloride) manufactured by Daiichi Rare Element Chemical Industry, First Rare Element Chemical Industry Zircosol ZN (zirconyl nitrate) and the like manufactured by the company are listed.

  Structural formulas of typical compounds among the inorganic polymers containing the zirconyl atom are shown below.

  However, s and t represent integers of 1 or more.

  The inorganic polymer containing a zirconyl atom may be used alone, or two or more different compounds may be used in combination.

  A compound containing a zirconium atom may be used alone, or two or more different compounds may be used in combination.

  Further, the compound containing an aluminum atom in the molecule that can be used in the present invention does not contain aluminum oxide. Specific examples thereof include aluminum fluoride, hexafluoroaluminic acid (for example, potassium salt), aluminum chloride, Basic aluminum chloride (eg, polyaluminum chloride), tetrachloroaluminate (eg, sodium salt), aluminum bromide, tetrabromoaluminate (eg, potassium salt), aluminum iodide, aluminate (eg, Sodium salt, potassium salt, calcium salt), aluminum chlorate, aluminum perchlorate, aluminum thiocyanate, aluminum sulfate, basic aluminum sulfate, potassium aluminum sulfate (alum), ammonium aluminum sulfate (ammonium alum) Sodium aluminum sulfate, aluminum phosphate, aluminum nitrate, aluminum hydrogen phosphate, aluminum carbonate, polysulfuric acid aluminum silicate, aluminum formate, aluminum acetate, aluminum lactate, aluminum oxalate, aluminum isopropylate, aluminum butyrate, ethyl acetate aluminum diisopropylate, aluminum Examples thereof include tris (acetylacetonate), aluminum tris (ethylacetoacetate), aluminum monoacetylacetonate bis (ethylacetoacetonate), and the like.

  Among these, aluminum chloride, basic aluminum chloride, aluminum sulfate, basic aluminum sulfate, and basic aluminum sulfate silicate are preferable, and basic aluminum chloride and basic aluminum sulfate are most preferable. Specific product names of the above compounds include TAKIBAIN # 1500, which is polyaluminum chloride (PAC) manufactured by Taki Chemical, polyaluminum hydroxide (Paho) manufactured by Asada Chemical Co., and Purachem manufactured by Riken Green Co., Ltd. WT is listed, and various grades are available.

  The structural formula of Takibine # 1500 is shown below.

  However, s, t, and u represent an integer of 1 or more.

  1-100 mass parts is preferable with respect to 100 mass parts of inorganic oxide particles, and, as for the addition amount of the said inorganic polymer, 2-50 mass parts is still more preferable.

(Thickening polysaccharide)
In the present invention, it is preferable to use a thickening polysaccharide as the water-soluble polymer.

  The thickening polysaccharide that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include generally known natural simple polysaccharides, natural complex polysaccharides, synthetic simple polysaccharides, and synthetic complex polysaccharides. The details of these polysaccharides can be referred to “Biochemical Encyclopedia (2nd edition), Tokyo Chemical Doujinshi”, “Food Industry”, Vol. 31 (1988), p.

  The thickening polysaccharide referred to in the present invention is a saccharide polymer and has a characteristic that promotes a viscosity difference between a low temperature and a high temperature. Furthermore, the viscosity increase is caused by adding the thickening polysaccharide according to the present invention to the coating solution containing the metal oxide fine particles, and the viscosity increase range is such that the viscosity at 15 ° C. is 1.0 mPas. -A polysaccharide that causes an increase of s or more, preferably 5.0 mPa · s or more, more preferably a polysaccharide having a viscosity increasing ability of 10.0 mPa · s or more.

  Examples of the thickening polysaccharide applicable to the present invention include β1-4 glucan (eg, carboxymethylcellulose, carboxyethylcellulose, etc.), galactan (eg, agarose, agaropectin, etc.), galactomannoglycan (eg, locust bean gum). , Guaran, etc.), xyloglucan (eg, tamarind gum, etc.), glucomannoglycan (eg, salmon mannan, wood-derived glucomannan, xanthan gum, etc.), galactoglucomannoglycan (eg, softwood-derived glycan), arabino Galactoglycan (for example, soybean-derived glycan, microorganism-derived glycan, etc.), Glucarnoglycan (for example, gellan gum), glycosaminoglycan (for example, hyaluronic acid, keratan sulfate, etc.), alginic acid and alginate, agar, κ -Natural polymer polysaccharides derived from red algae such as carrageenan, λ-carrageenan, ι-carrageenan, fur celerane and the like, preferably from the viewpoint of not reducing the dispersion stability of the metal oxide fine particles coexisting in the coating solution The structural unit preferably has no carboxylic acid group or sulfonic acid group. Such polysaccharides include, for example, pentoses such as L-arabitose, D-ribose, 2-deoxyribose and D-xylose, and hexoses such as D-glucose, D-fructose, D-mannose and D-galactose only. It is preferable that it is a polysaccharide. Specifically, tamarind seed gum known as xyloglucan whose main chain is glucose and side chain is glucose, guar gum known as galactomannan whose main chain is mannose and side chain is glucose, cationized guar gum, Hydroxypropyl guar gum, locust bean gum, tara gum, and arabinogalactan whose main chain is galactose and whose side chain is arabinose can be preferably used. In the present invention, tamarind, guar gum, cationized guar gum, and hydroxypropyl guar gum are particularly preferable.

  In the present invention, it is further preferable to use two or more thickening polysaccharides in combination.

  As content of thickening polysaccharide, 5 mass% or more and 50 mass% or less are preferable, and 10 mass% or more and 40 mass% or less are more preferable. However, when used in combination with other water-soluble polymers or emulsion resins, it may be contained in an amount of 3% by mass or more. When there are few thickening polysaccharides, the film surface will be disordered at the time of drying of a coating film, and the tendency for transparency to deteriorate will become large. On the other hand, if the content is 50% by mass or less, the relative content of the metal oxide becomes appropriate, and it becomes easy to increase the difference in refractive index between the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer.

<gelatin>
Each refractive index layer according to the present invention may contain gelatin.

  Examples of gelatin according to the present invention include acid-treated gelatin and alkali-treated gelatin, as well as enzyme-treated gelatin and gelatin derivatives that undergo enzyme treatment in the gelatin production process, that is, amino groups, imino groups, hydroxyl groups as functional groups in the molecule. It may be modified by treatment with a reagent having a group and a carboxyl group and a group obtained by reacting with it. The general method for producing gelatin is well known and is described, for example, in T.W. H. James: The Theory of Photographic Process 4th. ed. Reference can be made to descriptions such as 1977 (Machillan) 55, Science Photo Handbook (above) 72-75 (Maruzen), Fundamentals of Photographic Engineering-Silver Salt Photographs 119-124 (Corona).

(Curing agent)
In the present invention, it is preferable to use a curing agent in order to cure the water-soluble polymer as a binder.

  The curing agent applicable to the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it causes a curing reaction with a water-soluble polymer. However, when the water-soluble polymer is polyvinyl alcohol, boric acid and its salt are preferable. However, other known compounds can be used and are generally compounds having groups capable of reacting with water-soluble polymers or compounds that promote the reaction between different groups of water-soluble polymers. The polymer is appropriately selected according to the type of the conductive polymer. Specific examples of the curing agent include, for example, epoxy curing agents (diglycidyl ethyl ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether, 1,6-diglycidyl cyclohexane, N, N-diglycidyl- 4-glycidyloxyaniline, sorbitol polyglycidyl ether, glycerol polyglycidyl ether, etc.), aldehyde-based curing agents (formaldehyde, glioxal, etc.), active halogen-based curing agents (2,4-dichloro-4-hydroxy-1,3,5) -S-triazine, etc.), active vinyl compounds (1,3,5-trisacryloyl-hexahydro-s-triazine, bisvinylsulfonylmethyl ether, etc.), aluminum alum and the like.

  Boric acid or a salt thereof refers to an oxygen acid having a boron atom as a central atom and a salt thereof, specifically, orthoboric acid, diboric acid, metaboric acid, tetraboric acid, pentaboric acid, and octaboron. Examples include acids and their salts.

  Boric acid having a boron atom and a salt thereof as a curing agent may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Particularly preferred is a mixed aqueous solution of boric acid and borax.

  The aqueous solutions of boric acid and borax can be added only in relatively dilute aqueous solutions, respectively, but by mixing both, a concentrated aqueous solution can be obtained and the coating solution can be concentrated. Further, there is an advantage that the pH of the aqueous solution to be added can be controlled relatively freely.

  The total amount of the curing agent used is preferably 1 to 600 mg per 1 g of the water-soluble polymer.

[Surfactant]
At least one of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer constituting the near-infrared reflective film of the present invention is an acetylene glycol-based nonionic surfactant or a quaternary ammonium salt-based cationic surfactant as a surfactant. And at least one surfactant selected from fluorine-based cationic surfactants.

(Acetylene glycol-based nonionic surfactant)
Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular as an acetylene glycol type | system | group nonionic surfactant applicable to this invention, It is preferable that it is a compound represented by the following general formula (S).

In the general formula (S), R ^{1 to} R ⁴ are each a hydrogen atom, a linear, branched or cyclic substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms. Represents a substituted aryl group, EO represents an optionally substituted ethyleneoxy group, and m and n each represents an integer of 0 to 50;

Examples of the alkyl group represented by R ^{1 to} R ⁴ include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an i-propyl group, a butyl group, an i-butyl group, and cyclohexyl. Specific examples of the aryl group Examples thereof include a phenyl group and a naphthyl group. m and n are each preferably an integer of 0 to 4.

Among these, R ² and R ³ are each a methyl group, R ¹ and R ⁴ are each an i-butyl group, and m and n are both 0.

  Specific examples of the acetylene glycol-based nonionic surfactant represented by the general formula (S) are given below.

  The acetylene glycol-based nonionic surfactant according to the present invention can also be obtained as a commercial product. For example, representative examples include Olphine E1004 (ethylene oxide of acetylenic diol (4 mol) manufactured by Nissin Chemical). Adduct), and the same olefin E1010 (ethylene oxide (10 mol) adduct of acetylenic diol).

(Quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant)
The quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant applicable to the present invention is not particularly limited, but includes tetrabutylammonium chloride, tetraoctylammonium bromide (TOAB), lauryltrimethylammonium chloride, dilauryldimethylammonium chloride, dithiol. Stearyl ammonium chloride, distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, lauryl dihydroxyethyl methyl ammonium chloride, oleyl bis polyoxyethylene methyl ammonium chloride, lauroyl aminopropyl dimethyl ethyl ammonium etosulphate, lauroyl aminopropyl dimethyl hydroxyethyl ammonium perchlorate, alkylbenzene dimethyl ammonium chloride, Alkyltrimethylan Chloride and the like.

In addition, the quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant according to the present invention can also be obtained as a commercial product. For example, as a representative example, Coatamine 24P (C ₁₂ H ₂₅ N ⁺ (CH ₃ ) ₃ Cl ^-), the QUARTAMIN ^{_{86P (C 18 H 37 N +}} (CH 3) 3 Cl -), manufactured by NOF CORPORATION Nissan cation ^{_{2-ABT (C 18 H 37}} N + C 18 H 37 (CH 3) ₂ Cl ⁻ ), the same Nissan cation 2-OLR (C ₁₈ H ₃₅ N ⁺ C ₁₈ H ₃₅ (CH ₃ ) ₂ Cl ⁻ ), NIKKOL CA3475V (C ₁₈ H ₃₇ N ⁺ C ₁₈ H ₃₇ (manufactured by Nikko Chemicals) CH ₃ ) ₂ Cl ⁻ ) and the like.

(Fluorine-based cationic surfactant)
Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular as a fluorine-type cationic surfactant applicable to this invention, The compound represented with the following general formula (FK) is preferable.

General formula (FK)
^Rf'-L-X + Z ^-
In the general formula (FK), Rf ′ represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and at least one hydrogen atom is substituted with a fluorine atom. L represents a chemical bond or a divalent group. X represents a cation, and Z represents a counter anion.

Examples of Rf ′ include —C _k F _{k + 11} (k = 1 to 20, particularly preferably 3 to 12), —C _m F _2m−1 (m = 2 to 20, particularly preferably 3 to 12), and the like. Can be mentioned.

Examples of L ^{_{are, -SO 2 N (R 1)}} (CH 2) p -, - CON (R 1) (CH 2) p -, - OASO 2 N (R 1) (CH 2) p -, - ^{_{OACON (R 1) (CH 2}} ) p -, - OAO (CH 2) p -, - OA (CH 2) p -, - O (CH 2 CH 2 O) q (CH 2) p -, - O ( ^{_{CH 2) p -, - N}} (R 1) (CH 2) p -, - SO 2 N (R 1) (CH 2) p O (CH 2) r -, - CON (R 1) (CH 2) _{p O (CH 2) r -} , - OASO 2 N (R 1) (CHR 1) p OA -, - (CH 2) p (CHOH) s (CH 2) r - , and the like. A represents an alkylene group or an arylene group.

Examples of X ⁺ include -N ⁺ (R ¹ ) ₃ , -N ⁺ (CH ₂ CH ₂ OCH ₃ ) ₃ -N ⁺ C ₄ H ₈ O (R ¹ ), -N ⁺ (R ¹ ) (R _{^{2) (CH 2 CH 2 OCH}} 3), - N + C 5 H 5, -N + (R 1) (R 2) (CH 2) p C 6 H 5, -N + (R 1) (R 2 ) (R ² ) and the like. Here, R ¹ and R ² each represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (which may have a substituent), p, r and s are each 0 to 6, q is 1 to 1 20.

Examples of Y ⁻ include I ⁻ , Cl ⁻ , Br ⁻ , CH ₃ SO ₃ ⁻ and CH ₃ —C ₆ H ₄ —SO ₃ ^— .

  Although the specific example of the fluorine-type cationic surfactant preferably used for this invention below is given, it is not limited to these.

  Examples of the fluorine-based cationic surfactant according to the present invention include U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,559,751, 2,567,011, 2,732,398, 2,764,602, and 2, respectively. , 806,866, 2,809,998, 2,915,376, 2,915,528, 2,918,501, 2,934,450, 2,937 No. 2,098, No. 2,957,031, No. 3,472,894, No. 3,555,089, British Patent Nos. 1,143,927, No. 1,130,822, Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 45-37304. Journal of the Chemical Society of Japan, JP-A-47-9613, 49-134614, 50-117705, 50-117727, 50-112243, 52-41182, 51-112392 (J. Chem Soc.) 1950, 2789, 1957, 2574 and 2640, American Chemical Society Journal (J. Amer. Chem. Soc.) 79, 2549 (1957), Oil Chemistry (J. Japan Oil Chemists Soc.) 12 653 pages, Journal of Organic Chemical Society (J. Org. Chem.) 30 pages 3524 (1965) and the like.

  Moreover, the fluorine-type cationic surfactant which concerns on this invention can also be obtained as a commercial item, for example, Surflon S221 by an AGC Seimi Chemical company etc. can be mentioned.

The addition amount of each of the surfactants in the coating solution for forming a high refractive index layer and the coating solution for forming a low refractive index layer according to the present invention is, as a solid content, 0.1% when each coating solution is 100% by mass. The range is preferably 005 to 0.30% by mass, and more preferably 0.01 to 0.10% by mass.

  In the present invention, among the above surfactants, acetylene glycol-based nonionic surfactants and fluorine-based cationic surfactants are preferable, and acetylene glycol-based nonionic surfactants are particularly preferable.

  Specific surfactants include Olfin E1004 and Olefi E1010 manufactured by Nissin Chemical as acetylene glycol-based nonionic surfactants, and Surflon S221 manufactured by AGC Seimi Chemical Co., Ltd. as fluorine-based cationic surfactants. Of these, Olfin E1004 and Olefie E1010 manufactured by Nissin Chemical are preferable.

[Other additives]
Next, other additives applicable to each refractive index layer will be described.

(amino acid)
In the present invention, an amino acid can be further added.

  The amino acid referred to in the present invention is a compound having an amino group and a carboxyl group in the same molecule, and may be any type of amino acid such as α-, β-, and γ-, but has an isoelectric point of 6.5 or less. It is preferably an amino acid. Some amino acids have optical isomers, but in the present invention, there is no difference in effect due to optical isomers, and any isomer having an isoelectric point of 6.5 or less is used alone or in racemic form. be able to.

  For a detailed explanation of amino acids applicable to the present invention, reference can be made to the descriptions of pages 268 to 270 of the Chemical Dictionary 1 (reprinted edition, published in 1960).

  In the present invention, preferred amino acids include glycine, alanine, valine, α-aminobutyric acid, γ-aminobutyric acid, β-alanine, serine, ε-amino-n-caproic acid, leucine, norleucine, phenylalanine, threonine, asparagine, asparagine. Acid, histidine, lysine, glutamine, cysteine, methionine, proline, hydroxyproline and the like. For use as an aqueous solution, the solubility at the isoelectric point is preferably 3 g or more with respect to water 100, for example, Glycine, alanine, serine, histidine, lysine, glutamine, cysteine, methionine, proline, hydroxyproline, etc. are preferably used, and from the viewpoint that the metal oxide particles have a gentle hydrogen bond with the binder, serine, hydride having a hydroxyl group. It is more preferable to use a Kishipurorin.

[Lithium compound]
In the present invention, at least one of the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer can contain a lithium compound together with the metal oxide particles and the water-soluble polymer.

The lithium compound applicable to the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, lithium carbonate, lithium sulfate, lithium nitrate, lithium acetate, lithium orotate, lithium citrate, lithium molybdate, lithium chloride, lithium hydride, water Lithium oxide, lithium bromide, lithium fluoride, lithium iodide, lithium stearate, lithium phosphate, lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium aluminum hydride, lithium hydride triethylborate, lithium triethoxyaluminum hydride, tantalate Lithium, lithium hypochlorite, lithium oxide, lithium carbide, lithium nitride, lithium niobate, lithium sulfide, lithium borate, LiBF ₄ , LiClO ₄ , LiPF ₄ , LiCF ₃ SO _{3 and the} like are mentioned. Lichiu But from the viewpoint of sufficiently exhibiting the effect of the present invention.

  In the present invention, the addition amount of the lithium compound is preferably in the range of 0.005 to 0.05 g, more preferably 0.01 to 0.03 g, per 1 g of metal oxide particles present in the refractive index layer.

(Emulsion resin)
In the present invention, the high refractive index layer or the low refractive index layer according to the present invention may contain an emulsion resin.

  The emulsion resin referred to in the present invention is resin fine particles obtained by emulsion-polymerizing an oil-soluble monomer in an aqueous solution containing a dispersant and using an initiator.

  In general, as a dispersant used in the polymerization of an emulsion, in addition to a low molecular weight dispersant such as an alkyl sulfonate, an alkyl benzene sulfonate, diethylamine, ethylenediamine, and a quaternary ammonium salt, polyoxyethylene is used. Examples thereof include polymer dispersants such as nonylphenyl ether, polyethylene ethylene laurate ether, hydroxyethyl cellulose, and polyvinylpyrrolidone.

  The emulsion resin according to the present invention is a resin in which fine (average particle size 0.01 to 2 μm) resin particles are dispersed in an aqueous medium in an emulsion state. An oil-soluble monomer is dispersed in a polymer having a hydroxyl group. Obtained by emulsion polymerization using an agent. There is no fundamental difference in the polymer component of the resulting emulsion resin depending on the type of dispersant used, but when emulsion polymerization is performed using a polymer dispersant having a hydroxyl group, the presence of hydroxyl groups is present on at least the surface of fine particles. It is presumed that the chemical and physical properties of the emulsion are different from emulsion resins polymerized using other dispersants.

  The polymer dispersant containing a hydroxyl group is a polymer dispersant having a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 or more, and has a hydroxyl group substituted at the side chain or terminal. For example, an acrylic polymer such as sodium polyacrylate or polyacrylamide is used. Examples of such a polymer include those obtained by copolymerization of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, polyethers such as polyethylene glycol and polypropylene glycol, and polyvinyl alcohol. Polyvinyl alcohol is particularly preferable.

  Polyvinyl alcohol used as a polymer dispersant is an anion-modified polyvinyl alcohol having an anionic group such as a cation-modified polyvinyl alcohol or a carboxyl group in addition to ordinary polyvinyl alcohol obtained by hydrolysis of polyvinyl acetate. Further, modified polyvinyl alcohol such as silyl-modified polyvinyl alcohol having a silyl group is also included. Polyvinyl alcohol has a higher effect of suppressing the occurrence of cracks when forming the ink absorbing layer when the average degree of polymerization is higher, but when the average degree of polymerization is within 5000, the viscosity of the emulsion resin is not high, and at the time of production Easy to handle. Accordingly, the average degree of polymerization is preferably 300 to 5000, more preferably 1500 to 5000, and particularly preferably 3000 to 4500. The saponification degree of polyvinyl alcohol is preferably 70 to 100 mol%, more preferably 80 to 99.5 mol%.

  Examples of the resin that is emulsion-polymerized with the above polymer dispersant include homopolymers or copolymers of ethylene monomers such as acrylic acid esters, methacrylic acid esters, vinyl compounds, and styrene compounds, and diene compounds such as butadiene and isoprene. Examples of the polymer include acrylic resins, styrene-butadiene resins, and ethylene-vinyl acetate resins.

(Other additives for refractive index layer)
Various additives applicable to the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer according to the present invention are listed below. For example, ultraviolet absorbers described in JP-A-57-74193, JP-A-57-87988 and JP-A-62-261476, JP-A-57-74192, JP-A-57-87989, and JP-A-60-72785. No. 61-146591, JP-A-1-95091, JP-A-3-13376, etc., various surfactants of anion, cation or nonion, JP-A-59- 42993, 59-52689, 62-280069, 61-242871, and JP-A-4-219266, etc., whitening agents such as sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, PH adjusters such as citric acid, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, potassium carbonate, antifoaming agents, lubricants such as diethylene glycol, preservatives, Antistatic agents, can also contain various known additives such as a matting agent.

[Method for producing near-infrared reflective film]
The near-infrared reflective film of the present invention is composed of a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer on a substrate, and is formed by laminating units. It is preferable to form a laminate by wet coating and drying alternately with the refractive index layer coating solution.

  Examples of the coating method include a roll coating method, a rod bar coating method, an air knife coating method, a spray coating method, a curtain coating method, or US Pat. Nos. 2,761,419 and 2,761,791. A slide bead coating method using an hopper, an extrusion coating method, or the like is preferably used.

  When the slide bead coating method is used, the viscosity of the high refractive index layer coating solution and the low refractive index layer coating solution in simultaneous multilayer coating is preferably in the range of 5 to 100 mPa · s, more preferably 10 to 10 mPa · s. The range is 50 mPa · s. Moreover, when using a curtain application | coating system, the range of 5-1200 mPa * s is preferable, More preferably, it is the range of 25-500 mPa * s.

  Further, the viscosity at 15 ° C. of the coating solution is preferably 100 mPa · s or more, more preferably 100 to 30,000 mPa · s, further preferably 3,000 to 30,000 mPa · s, and most preferably 10 , 30,000 to 30,000 mPa · s.

  As a coating and drying method, the water-based high-refractive index layer coating solution and the low-refractive index layer coating solution are heated to 30 ° C. or more, and after coating, the temperature of the formed coating film is set to 1 to 15 ° C. It is preferably cooled once and dried at 10 ° C. or higher, and more preferably, the drying conditions are a wet bulb temperature of 5 to 50 ° C. and a film surface temperature of 10 to 50 ° C. Moreover, as a cooling method immediately after application | coating, it is preferable to carry out by a horizontal set system from a viewpoint of the formed coating-film uniformity.

[Application of near-infrared reflective film]
The near-infrared reflective film of the present invention can be applied to a wide range of fields. For example, pasting to facilities exposed to sunlight for a long time such as outdoor windows of buildings and automobile windows, film for window pasting such as heat ray reflecting film to give heat ray reflecting effect, film for agricultural greenhouse, etc. Used mainly for the purpose of improving weather resistance.

  In particular, the near-infrared reflective film according to the present invention is suitable for a member that is bonded to glass or a glass substitute resin base material directly or via an adhesive.

  The adhesive is placed so that the near-infrared reflective film is on the sunlight (heat ray) incident surface side when bonded to a window glass or the like. Moreover, when a near-infrared reflective film is pinched | interposed between a window glass and a base material, it can seal from surrounding gas, such as a water | moisture content, and is preferable for durability. Even if the near-infrared reflective film of the present invention is installed outdoors or outside the vehicle (for external application), it is preferable because of environmental durability.

  As an adhesive applicable to the present invention, an adhesive mainly composed of a photocurable or thermosetting resin can be used.

  The adhesive preferably has durability against ultraviolet rays, and is preferably an acrylic adhesive or a silicone adhesive. Furthermore, an acrylic adhesive is preferable from the viewpoint of adhesive properties and cost. In particular, since the peel strength can be easily controlled, a solvent system is preferable among the solvent system and the emulsion system in the acrylic adhesive. When a solution polymerization polymer is used as the acrylic solvent-based pressure-sensitive adhesive, known monomers can be used as the monomer.

  Moreover, you may use the polyvinyl butyral resin used as an intermediate | middle layer of a laminated glass, or ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer type resin. Specifically, plastic polyvinyl butyral (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., Mitsubishi Monsanto Co., Ltd.), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (manufactured by DuPont, Takeda Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., duramin), modified ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (Mersen G, manufactured by Tosoh Corporation). In addition, you may add and mix | blend an ultraviolet absorber, an antioxidant, an antistatic agent, a heat stabilizer, a lubricant, a filler, coloring, an adhesion adjusting agent etc. suitably in a contact bonding layer.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, although the display of "part" or "%" is used in an Example, unless otherwise indicated, "part by mass" or "mass%" is represented.

Example 1
<Production of near-infrared reflective film>
[Preparation of Sample 1]
(Preparation of coating solution 1 for high refractive index layer)
To 10.3 parts of pure water, 130 parts of 1.0% by weight tamarind seed gum as a thickening polysaccharide, and 10.3 parts of a 5.0% by weight solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA217, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) After adding and mixing 17.3 parts of a 14.8% by weight aqueous solution of picolinic acid (Exemplary Compound LI-22) and 2.58 parts of a 5.5% by weight aqueous solution of boric acid, the following oxidation was performed. 38.2 parts of titanium dispersion 1 was added and mixed, and 0.067 part of Surflon S221 (manufactured by AGC Seimi Chemical Co.) was added as a fluorine-based cationic surfactant, and finally 223 parts with pure water. Thus, a coating solution 1 for a high refractive index layer was prepared. In addition, content of Surflon S221 which is surfactant in the coating liquid 1 for high refractive index layers is 0.03 mass%.

<Preparation of titanium oxide dispersion 1>
28.9 parts of a 20.0 mass% titanium oxide sol containing rutile-type titanium oxide fine particles having a volume average particle size of 35 nm, and 5.41 parts of a 14.8 mass% aqueous picolinic acid (Exemplary Compound LI-22) solution, Then, 3.92 parts of a 2.1% by mass aqueous solution of lithium hydroxide was mixed and dispersed to prepare a titanium oxide dispersion.

(Preparation of coating solution 1 for low refractive index layer)
9.18 parts of a 23.5 mass% aqueous solution of polyaluminum chloride (Taki Chemical Co., Takibine # 1500, abbreviated as PAC in Table 1) and 10 mass of colloidal silica (Nissan Chemical Co., Snowtex OS) 510 parts by weight aqueous solution, 103.4 parts of a 5.5% by weight aqueous solution of boric acid, and 4.75 parts of a 2.1% by weight aqueous solution of lithium hydroxide were mixed and dispersed, and 1000% pure water was added. The silicon oxide dispersion 1 was prepared.

  Next, in 17.6 parts of pure water, 26.2 parts of a 1.0% by weight tamarind seed gum aqueous solution and 3.43 parts of a 5.0% by weight solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA217, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) Then, 0.06 part of 2.1 mass% aqueous picolinic acid (Exemplary Compound LI-22) solution is added and mixed, and then 96.5 parts of the silicon oxide dispersion 1 is added and mixed. As a cationic surfactant, 0.045 part of Surflon S221 (manufactured by AGC Seimi Chemical Co., Ltd.) was added and finally finished with 150 parts of pure water to prepare a coating solution 1 for a low refractive index layer. In addition, content of Surflon S221 which is surfactant in the coating liquid 1 for low refractive index layers is 0.03 mass%.

(Formation of low refractive index layer 1)
Using a wire bar on a 50 μm thick polyethylene terephthalate film heated to 45 ° C. while keeping the above-prepared coating solution 1 for low refractive index layer at 45 ° C., under a condition that the dry film thickness is 175 nm. Then, after setting the film surface by blowing cold air for 1 minute under the condition that the film surface is 15 ° C. or less, it was dried by blowing hot air of 80 ° C. to form the low refractive index layer 1.

(Formation of high refractive index layer 1)
Next, on the condition that the dry film thickness is 135 nm on the low refractive index layer 1 formed on the polyethylene terephthalate film heated to 45 ° C. while keeping the coating solution 1 for high refractive index layer at 45 ° C. A high refractive index layer 1 was formed by coating using a bar, and then setting by blowing cold air for 1 minute under conditions where the film surface was 15 ° C. or lower, and then blowing hot air at 80 ° C. .

(Formation of laminate)
On the high refractive index layer 1 formed as above, five units composed of the low refractive index layer 1 / the high refractive index layer 1 are laminated in the same manner, and each of the six high refractive index layers and the low refractive index layer is laminated. After forming a laminate composed of (total 12 layers), the low refractive index layer 1 was formed as the uppermost layer, and a sample 1 which was a 13-layer near-infrared reflective film was produced.

[Preparation of Sample 2]
In the preparation of Sample 1, “Surflon S221 (manufactured by AGC Seimi Chemical Co., Ltd.)” which is a fluorine-based cationic surfactant used in the coating solution 1 for the high refractive index layer and the coating solution 1 for the low refractive index layer was used. Except for using the coating liquid 2 for the high refractive index layer and the coating liquid 2 for the low refractive index layer, which were changed to the amount of the quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant Cotamine 24P (manufactured by Kao Corporation), Sample 2 was prepared.

[Preparation of Sample 3]
In the preparation of Sample 1, “Surflon S221 (manufactured by AGC Seimi Chemical Co., Ltd.)” which is a fluorine-based cationic surfactant used in the coating solution 1 for the high refractive index layer and the coating solution 1 for the low refractive index layer was used. Except for using the coating liquid 3 for the high refractive index layer and the coating liquid 3 for the low refractive index layer, which were changed to the amount of Nissan Cation 2-ABT (manufactured by NOF Corporation), which is a quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant. Similarly, Sample 3 was produced.

[Preparation of Sample 4]
In the preparation of Sample 1, “Surflon S221 (manufactured by AGC Seimi Chemical Co., Ltd.)” which is a fluorine-based cationic surfactant used in the coating solution 1 for the high refractive index layer and the coating solution 1 for the low refractive index layer was used. The amount of acetylene glycol-based nonionic surfactant Olphine E1004 (manufactured by Nissin Chemical Co., Ltd.) was changed to the same except that the coating solution 4 for the high refractive index layer and the coating solution 4 for the low refractive index layer were used. Sample 4 was prepared.

[Preparation of Samples 5 to 10]
All coating solutions of Olfine E1004 (manufactured by Nisshin Chemical Co., Ltd.), which is an acetylene glycol-based nonionic surfactant, used for preparing the coating solution 4 for the high refractive index layer and the coating solution 4 for the low refractive index layer of the sample 4 Addition amount with respect to mass (0.03% by mass) is 0.003% by mass (high refractive index layer coating solution 5 and low refractive index layer coating solution 5) and 0.005% by mass (for high refractive index layer). Coating liquid 6 and low refractive index layer coating liquid 6), 0.01% by mass (high refractive index layer coating liquid 7 and low refractive index layer coating liquid 7), 0.1% by mass (for high refractive index layer) Coating liquid 8 and low refractive index layer coating liquid 8), 0.3 mass% (high refractive index layer coating liquid 9 and low refractive index layer coating liquid 9), 0.32 mass% (for high refractive index layer) Samples 5 to 10 were produced in the same manner except that the coating liquid 10 and the low refractive index layer coating liquid 10) were changed.

[Preparation of Sample 11]
Sample 11 was prepared in the same manner as in preparation of Sample 4, except that the following coating solution 11 for high refractive index layer was used instead of coating solution 4 for high refractive index layer.

(Preparation of coating solution 11 for high refractive index layer)
In the preparation of the coating solution 4 for the high refractive index layer, a coating solution 11 for the high refractive index layer was prepared in the same manner except that the same amount of zirconium oxide fine particles was used instead of the rutile type titanium oxide fine particles.

[Preparation of Sample 12]
Sample 12 was prepared in the same manner as in the preparation of Sample 4 except that the following coating solution 12 for a high refractive index layer was used instead of the coating solution 4 for a high refractive index layer.

(Preparation of coating solution 12 for high refractive index layer)
In the preparation of the coating solution 4 for the high refractive index layer, instead of 10.3 parts (solid content = 0.515 g) of a 5.0 mass% solution of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA217, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.), polyaluminum chloride ( Other than using 2.19 parts (solid content = 0.515 g) of a 23.5 mass% aqueous solution of Taki Chemical Co., Takibaine # 1500, abbreviated as PAC in Table 1, to a total amount of 223 parts with pure water In the same manner, a coating solution 12 for a high refractive index layer was prepared.

[Preparation of Sample 13]
In the preparation of the sample 2, instead of the coating solution 2 for the high refractive index layer and the coating solution 2 for the low refractive index layer, the following coating solution 13 for the high refractive index layer and coating solution 13 for the low refractive index layer were used. Similarly, Sample 13 was produced.

(Preparation of coating liquid 13 for high refractive index layer)
In the preparation of the coating solution 2 for the high refractive index layer, the same amount of acid-treated gelatin (isoelectric point: 9.5) was used instead of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA217, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) and tamarind seed gum which is a thickening polysaccharide. A high refractive index layer coating solution 13 was prepared in the same manner except that the average molecular weight was 20,000).

(Preparation of coating solution 13 for low refractive index layer)
In the preparation of the coating solution 2 for the low refractive index layer, instead of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA217, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.), tamarind seed gum that is a thickening polysaccharide, and polyaluminum chloride (manufactured by Taki Chemical, Takibine # 1500), A coating solution 13 for a low refractive index layer was prepared in the same manner except that the same amount of acid-treated gelatin (isoelectric point: 9.5, average molecular weight: 20,000) was used.

[Preparation of Sample 14]
In the preparation of the sample 4, instead of the coating solution 4 for the high refractive index layer and the coating solution 4 for the low refractive index layer, the following coating solution 14 for the high refractive index layer and coating solution 14 for the low refractive index layer were used. Similarly, Sample 14 was produced.

(Preparation of coating solution 14 for high refractive index layer)
In the preparation of the coating solution 4 for the high refractive index layer, the high refractive index layer was similarly used except that the same amount of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA203, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) was used instead of the tamarind seed gum which is a thickening polysaccharide. Coating solution 14 was prepared.

(Preparation of coating solution 14 for low refractive index layer)
In the preparation of the coating solution 4 for the low refractive index layer, the same amount of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA203, Kuraray Co., Ltd.) was used instead of tamarind seed gum and polyaluminum chloride (Taki Chemical Co., Ltd., Takibine # 1500) which are thickening polysaccharides. A coating solution 14 for a low refractive index layer was prepared in the same manner except that (manufactured) was used.

[Preparation of Sample 15]
In the preparation of the sample 4, instead of the coating solution 4 for the high refractive index layer and the coating solution 4 for the low refractive index layer, the following coating solution 15 for the high refractive index layer and coating solution 15 for the low refractive index layer were used. Similarly, Sample 15 was prepared.

(Preparation of coating solution 15 for high refractive index layer)
In the preparation of the coating solution 4 for the high refractive index layer, the coating solution 15 for the high refractive index layer was prepared in the same manner except that picolinic acid (Exemplary Compound LI-22) was changed to the same amount of Exemplary Compound LI-1. Prepared.

(Preparation of coating solution 15 for low refractive index layer)
In the preparation of the coating solution 4 for the low refractive index layer, the coating solution 15 for the low refractive index layer was similarly prepared except that picolinic acid (Exemplary Compound LI-22) was changed to the same amount of Exemplary Compound LI-1. Prepared.

[Preparation of Sample 16]
In the preparation of the sample 4, instead of the coating solution 4 for the high refractive index layer and the coating solution 4 for the low refractive index layer, the following coating solution 16 for the high refractive index layer and coating solution 16 for the low refractive index layer were used. Similarly, Sample 16 was produced.

(Preparation of coating liquid 16 for high refractive index layer)
In the preparation of the coating solution 4 for the high refractive index layer, the same procedure was followed except that picolinic acid (Exemplary Compound LI-22) was changed to the same amount of pipecolic acid (Exemplary Compound LI-27). A coating solution 15 was prepared.

(Preparation of coating liquid 16 for low refractive index layer)
In the preparation of the coating solution 4 for the low refractive index layer, the same procedure was followed except that picolinic acid (Exemplary Compound LI-22) was changed to the same amount of pipecolic acid (Exemplary Compound LI-27). A coating solution 16 was prepared.

[Preparation of Sample 17]
In the preparation of the sample 4, instead of the coating solution 4 for the high refractive index layer and the coating solution 4 for the low refractive index layer, the following coating solution 17 for the high refractive index layer and coating solution 17 for the low refractive index layer were used. A sample 17 was prepared in the same manner.

(Preparation of coating liquid 17 for high refractive index layer)
In the preparation of the coating solution 4 for the high refractive index layer, picolinic acid (Exemplary Compound LI-22) was changed to the same amount of collagen peptide (acid-treated gelatin was reduced in molecular weight by gelatinolytic enzyme, average molecular weight: 3000). Except for the above, a coating solution 17 for a high refractive index layer was prepared in the same manner.

(Preparation of coating solution 17 for low refractive index layer)
In the preparation of the coating solution 4 for the low refractive index layer, picolinic acid (Exemplary Compound LI-22) was changed to the same amount of collagen peptide (acid-treated gelatin was reduced in molecular weight by gelatinolytic enzyme, average molecular weight: 3000). Except for the above, a coating solution 17 for a low refractive index layer was prepared in the same manner.

[Preparation of Sample 18]
In the preparation of the sample 4, instead of the coating solution 4 for the high refractive index layer and the coating solution 4 for the low refractive index layer, the following coating solution 18 for the high refractive index layer, the coating solution 18 for the low refractive index layer, and the outermost layer. Using the coating liquid 18, a 13-layer simultaneous multi-layer coating was performed according to the following laminate formation method to prepare a sample 18.

(Preparation of coating liquid 18 for high refractive index layer)
In the preparation of the coating solution 4 for the high refractive index layer, the coating solution 18 for the high refractive index layer was prepared in the same manner except that Olfin E1004 (manufactured by Nissin Chemical Co.), which is an acetylene glycol nonionic surfactant, was removed. Prepared.

(Preparation of coating liquid 18 for low refractive index layer)
In the preparation of the coating solution 4 for the low refractive index layer, the coating solution 18 for the low refractive index layer was prepared in the same manner except that Olfin E1004 (manufactured by Nissin Chemical Co.), which is an acetylene glycol nonionic surfactant, was removed. Prepared.

(Preparation of outermost layer coating solution 18)
In the preparation of the coating solution 4 for the low refractive index layer, the addition amount (0.03% by mass) of Olfin E1004 (manufactured by Nissin Chemical Co.), which is an acetylene glycol nonionic surfactant, with respect to the total mass of the coating solution is 0. The outermost layer coating solution 18 was prepared in the same manner except that the content was changed to 0.06% by mass.

(Method for forming laminate)
Using a slide hopper coating apparatus capable of simultaneous coating of 13 layers, the above-prepared coating solution 18 for the low refractive index layer and coating solution 18 for the high refractive index layer, which were prepared as described above, were alternately laminated in a total of 12 layers, The film surface was formed after simultaneous multi-layer coating on a 50 μm thick polyethylene terephthalate film heated to 45 ° C. while keeping a total of 13 layers on which the coating solution 18 for the outermost layer was laminated at 45 ° C. A sample was prepared by blowing cold air for 1 minute under the condition of 15 ° C. or lower and then setting it by blowing hot air at 80 ° C. for drying.

[Preparation of Sample 19]
In the preparation of the sample 4, instead of the coating solution 4 for the high refractive index layer and the coating solution 4 for the low refractive index layer, the coating solution 18 for the high refractive index layer (surfactant-free) used in the preparation of the sample 18, A sample 19 was produced in the same manner except that the coating liquid 18 for low refractive index layer (surfactant-free) was used.

[Preparation of Sample 20]
In the preparation of Sample 4, Olfine E1004, which is an acetylene glycol-based nonionic surfactant used in the coating solution 4 for the high refractive index layer and the coating solution 4 for the low refractive index layer (addition amount with respect to the total mass of the coating solution: 0.0. 03% by mass) changed to BYK345 which is a silicon-based nonionic surfactant (manufactured by Big Chemie Japan, polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane, added amount with respect to the total mass of the coating solution: 0.10% by mass). A sample 20 was prepared in the same manner except that the layer coating solution 20 and the low refractive index layer coating solution 20 were used.

[Preparation of Sample 21]
In the preparation of the sample 4, the coating solution 21 for high refractive index layer and the low refractive index obtained by removing picolinic acid (Exemplary Compound LI-22) from the coating solution 4 for high refractive index layer and the coating solution 4 for low refractive index layer, respectively. Sample 21 was prepared in the same manner except that the rate layer coating solution 21 was used.

[Preparation of Sample 22]
Sample 22 was produced according to the following method.

(Preparation of coating liquid 22 for high refractive index layer)
After mixing 40 parts of titanium oxide particles (volume average particle size: 15 nm), 2 parts of dioctylsulfosuccinate (surfactant) and 58 parts of toluene, the mixture was dispersed for 48 hours using a ball mill. A titanium oxide sol was prepared.

  Next, 1.5 times the amount of titanium oxide was added to the titanium oxide sol prepared above to prepare a coating liquid 22 for a high refractive index layer.

(Formation of laminate)
On a 50 μm thick polyethylene terephthalate film, a thermosetting acrylic resin (low refractive index layer coating liquid 22) having a refractive index of 1.47 was applied at a film thickness of 135 nm, dried and cured to form a low refractive index layer. Thereafter, the coating liquid 22 for high refractive index layer was applied on the low refractive index layer so as to have a dry film thickness of 175 nm, and thermally cured at 90 ° C. for 20 minutes. Similarly, three units composed of a low refractive index layer / a high refractive index layer are laminated on the high refractive index layer, and four high refractive index layers and low refractive index layers (8 layers in total) are respectively stacked. Sample 22 which is a constructed near-infrared reflective film was produced.

[Preparation of Sample 23]
(Base material)
A 50 μm thick polyethylene terephthalate film (manufactured by Teijin DuPont, Teijin Tetron Film highly transparent grade) was used. The surface was subjected to corona discharge treatment in order to improve the wettability of the slurry. The refractive index was 1.62.

(Formation of high refractive index layer 23)
100 parts by mass of isopropyl alcohol (Wako Pure Chemicals, reagent grade), 3 parts by mass of pyridine (Wako Pure Chemicals, reagent grade), 5 masses of ethyl silicate solution (manufactured by Colcoat, HAS-1, 30% by mass of active ingredient) After mixing 10 parts by mass of rutile-type titanium oxide fine particles (Ishihara Sangyo Co., Ltd., TTO-55), each was dispersed with a ball mill for 4 hours, and after confirming that the dispersed particle diameter reached 20 nm at D50. , 1.5 parts by mass of an ultraviolet curable binder (X-12-2400 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., 30% by mass of active ingredient) and 0.15 parts by mass of a catalyst (DX-2400 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) It was dispersed for 1 hour, and it was confirmed that the dispersed particle diameter reached 16 nm at D50. This was applied to a 50 μm-thick polyethylene terephthalate film (also referred to as PET film) with a bar coater No. 08 is applied so that the film thickness after drying becomes 100 nm, dried at 100 ° C., and then cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays (illuminance 200 to 450 mW / cm ² ) to form a high refractive index layer 23. did. The refractive index of the high refractive index layer 23 was 2.17.

(Formation of the low refractive index layer 23)
1 part by mass of silica sol (“IPA-ST” manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.) having a particle size of 10 to 20 nm (average particle size of 15 nm), 10 parts by mass of isopropyl alcohol (reagent special grade manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries) as a solvent, and UV curing as a binder 5 parts by mass of a binder (X-12-2400 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) and 0.6 part of a catalyst (DX-2400 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) were blended and stirred with a stirrer to obtain a low refractive index layer coating solution 23. . The primary particle diameter of silica sol (refractive index 1.45) was almost uniform, and a slurry having a dispersed particle diameter D50 of 45 nm was obtained.

Next, the low refractive index layer coating solution 23 prepared above was applied to the bar coater No. 1 on the high refractive index layer 23 of the sample in which the high refractive index layer 23 was formed on the PET film. 08 is applied so that the film thickness after drying becomes 100 nm, dried at 100 ° C., and then cured by irradiation with ultraviolet rays (illuminance 200 to 450 mW / cm ² ) to form the low refractive index layer 23. did. The formed low refractive index layer 23 had a refractive index of 1.35.

(Formation of laminate)
Further, three high-refractive index layers 23 and three low-refractive index layers 23 were alternately stacked to prepare a sample 23 having a total of eight layers.

[Preparation of Sample 24]
(Base material)
A 50 μm thick polyethylene terephthalate film (manufactured by Teijin DuPont, Teijin Tetron Film highly transparent grade) was used. The surface was subjected to corona discharge treatment in order to improve wettability.

(Formation of the low refractive index layer 24)
On the above substrate, the following low refractive index layer coating liquid 24 was kept at 45 ° C., and on a 50 μm thick polyethylene terephthalate film heated to 45 ° C. Then, cold air was blown for 1 minute under the condition that the film surface was 15 ° C. or less for setting, and then dried by blowing 80 ° C. hot air to form the low refractive index layer 24.

<Low refractive index layer coating solution 24>
The following constituent materials were added and mixed to prepare a coating solution 24 for a low refractive index layer.

Colloidal silica (Nissan Chemical Co., Snowtex OS) 3.0 parts Thickening polysaccharide: Xanthan gum 0.02 parts Surfactant: Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether 0.10 parts Ethanol 20 parts The above components are mixed, Finally, it was finished to 100 parts with pure water.

(Formation of the high refractive index layer 24)
On the low refractive index layer 24 formed above, while keeping the coating liquid 24 for the high refractive index layer below at 45 ° C., on a polyethylene terephthalate film having a thickness of 50 μm heated to 45 ° C., the dry film thickness is 135 nm. After applying with a wire bar under the conditions, and then setting by blowing cold air for 1 minute under the condition that the film surface is 15 ° C. or less, it is dried by blowing hot air at 80 ° C. Layer 24 was formed.

<High refractive index layer coating solution 24>
In the preparation of the coating solution 24 for the low refractive index layer, a high refractive index was obtained in the same manner except that the colloidal silica as the metal oxide particles was changed to rutile-type titanium oxide fine particles having the same volume average particle size of 35 nm. A layer coating solution 24 was prepared.

(Formation of laminate)
Further, five low-refractive index layers 24 and five high-refractive index layers 24 were alternately stacked to prepare a sample 24 having a total of 12 layers.

  Table 1 shows the main components of Samples 1 to 24, which are near-infrared reflective films produced as described above.

  Details of the water-soluble polymers described in abbreviations in Table 1 are as follows.

<Polymer compound>
Polymer 1: Polyvinyl alcohol PVA217 (manufactured by Kuraray) + Tamarind seed gum (thickening polysaccharide)
Polymer 2: Tamarind seed gum (thickening polysaccharide) + polyaluminum chloride (manufactured by Taki Chemical, Takibine # 1500, inorganic polymer)
Polymer 3: polyvinyl alcohol PVA203 (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) + Polyvinyl alcohol PVA217 (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.)
Polymer 4: Polyvinyl alcohol PVA217 (manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) + Tamarind seed gum (thickening polysaccharide) + polyaluminum chloride (manufactured by Taki Chemical Co., Ltd., Takibaine # 1500, inorganic polymer)
* 1: Thermosetting resin * 2: UV curable resin <Compound A>
LI-1: Exemplary compound LI-1
LI-22: exemplary compound LI-22 (picolinic acid)
LI-27: exemplary compound LI-27 (pipecolic acid)
CP: Collagen peptide <Surfactant type>
S1: Surflon S221 (Fluorine-based cationic surfactant, Surflon S221, manufactured by AGC Seimi Chemical Co., Ltd.)
S2: Cotamine 24P (quaternary ammonium salt-based cationic surfactant, Cotamine 24P, manufactured by Kao Corporation)
S3: Nissan cation 2-ABT (quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant, Nissan cation 2-ABT, manufactured by NOF Corporation)
S4: Olfine 1004 (acetylene glycol-based nonionic surfactant, Olfine E1004, manufactured by Nissin Chemical)
S5: BYK345 (silicon-based nonionic surfactant, manufactured by BYK Japan, polyether-modified polydimethylsiloxane)
S6: Dioctylsulfosuccinate S7: Polyoxyethylene alkyl ether * 3: The addition amount of the surfactant is indicated by the addition amount in the coating solution 18 for the outermost layer. The coating liquid 18 for the high refractive index layer and the coating liquid 18 for the low refractive index layer are not added with a surfactant.

<< Evaluation of near-infrared reflective film >>
About each produced said near-infrared reflective film, the following characteristic value measurement and performance evaluation were performed.

(Measurement of refractive index of each layer)
Samples each having a single layer of a target layer (high refractive index layer, low refractive index layer) whose refractive index is to be measured are prepared on a base material, and each high refractive index layer and low refractive index layer are formed according to the following method. The refractive index of was determined.

  Using a U-4000 type (manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.) as a spectrophotometer, the back side on the measurement side of each sample is roughened, and then light absorption is performed with a black spray to reflect light on the back side. The refractive index was obtained from the measurement result of the reflectance in the visible light region (400 nm to 700 nm) under the condition of regular reflection at 5 degrees.

(Measurement of near infrared reflectance)
Using the spectrophotometer (using an integrating sphere, manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd., U-4000 type), the reflectance in the region of 800 nm to 1400 nm of each near-infrared reflective film was measured, and the average value was obtained. Infrared reflectance was used.

(Durability evaluation)
About each produced near-infrared reflective film, the light of 1 kW / m < ² > of irradiance was irradiated for 100 hours with a metal halide lamp type weather resistance tester (M6T manufactured by Suga Test Instruments), and the haze value and the colored state after irradiation were evaluated. did.

<Measurement of haze value>
The haze value after light irradiation was measured by a haze meter (Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd., NDH2000).

<Evaluation of coloring resistance>
For coloring after light irradiation, each sample was visually observed, and coloring resistance was evaluated according to the following criteria.

A: No coloration is observed at all. B: Almost no coloration is observed. Δ: A slight coloration is observed. X: Clear coloration is observed Table 2 shows the measurement results and evaluation results obtained as described above. In Sample 20, both the high-refractive index layer coating solution 20 and the low-refractive index layer coating solution 20 used in the formation produced aggregates of metal oxide particles, resulting in white turbidity of the coating solution. An evaluable sample could not be obtained and evaluation was not performed. In addition, the sample indicated by * 4 was not evaluated for durability (measurement of haze value and evaluation of coloring resistance) because the film surface state after the sample preparation was poor.

  As is apparent from the results shown in Table 2, the near-infrared reflective film of the present invention can be produced using an environmentally friendly aqueous coating solution, has excellent near-infrared reflectivity, and provides light over a long period of time. It can be seen that even after irradiation, haze does not increase, low haze is maintained, coloring is not observed, and durability is excellent.

Example 2
[Production of near-infrared reflector]
Near-infrared reflectors 1 to 18 were produced using the near-infrared reflective films of Samples 1 to 18 produced in Example 1. Near-infrared reflectors 1 to 18 were prepared by adhering the near-infrared reflective films of Samples 1 to 18 with an acrylic adhesive on a transparent acrylic resin plate having a thickness of 5 mm and 20 cm × 20 cm, respectively.

[Evaluation]
The produced near-infrared reflectors 1 to 18 can be easily used despite the large size of the near-infrared reflector, and by using the near-infrared reflective film of the present invention, Excellent near-infrared reflectivity and durability could be confirmed.

Claims (6)

Near-red having at least one unit composed of a high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer on a substrate, and having a refractive index difference of 0.1 or more between the high refractive index layer and the low refractive index layer in the outer reflection film, at least one layer of the high refractive index layer and a low refractive index layer is, a) amino acids, aminopolycarboxylic acids, the surface of at least one compound a selected from pyridine derivatives and collagen peptides Coated metal oxide particles, B) water-soluble polymer, and C) at least one selected from acetylene glycol-based nonionic surfactant, quaternary ammonium salt-based cationic surfactant, and fluorine-based cationic surfactant The near-infrared reflective film characterized by containing the surfactant. The near-infrared reflective film according to claim 1, wherein the compound A has a partial structure represented by the following general formula (1) or (2).
The near-infrared reflective film according to claim 1, wherein the compound A is a compound represented by the following general formula (3).
[Wherein, Z represents a carbon atom or an atomic group necessary to form a 5-membered ring or 6-membered ring together with the carbon atom. M represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom or an ammonium group, and R1 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an alkylcarbonamide group, an arylcarbonamide group, an alkylsulfonamide group, an arylsulfonamide group, or an alkoxy group. , Aryloxy group, alkylthio group, arylthio group, alkylcarbamoyl group, arylcarbamoyl group, carbamoyl group, alkylsulfamoyl group, arylsulfamoyl group, sulfamoyl group, cyano group, alkylsulfonyl group, arylsulfonyl group, alkoxycarbonyl Represents a group, aryloxycarbonyl group, alkylcarbonyl group, arylcarbonyl group, acyloxy group, carboxyl group, carbonyl group, sulfonyl group, amino group, hydroxy group or heterocyclic group n represents an integer of 0 to 4. ]   4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the water-soluble polymer (B) is at least one selected from a polymer having a reactive functional group, an inorganic polymer, a thickening polysaccharide, and gelatin. The near-infrared reflective film as described.   The near-infrared reflective film according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the surfactant is an acetylene glycol-based nonionic surfactant.   A near-infrared reflector having the near-infrared reflective film according to any one of claims 1 to 5 on at least one surface side of a substrate.