JP5605576B2 - Waste gasification and melting equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a vertical waste gasification and melting apparatus for pyrolyzing and gasifying waste and melting a pyrolysis residue.

  As a technology for treating waste such as municipal waste and shredder dust, gasification melting processing is known in which waste is pyrolyzed and gasified to generate flammable gas, and the pyrolysis residue is melted and discharged as slag. Yes.

  In this treatment method, the heat of combustion can be recovered by pyrolyzing and gasifying the waste, and after the residue is melted and discharged as slag, the amount to be finally disposed of in landfill disposal etc. It has the advantage that the volume can be reduced. There are several types of melting furnaces for performing such treatment, and one of them is a shaft type waste gasification melting furnace having a vertical shape.

  This shaft-type waste gasification and melting furnace, for example, combusts coke deposited on the bottom of the furnace, throws the waste on this high-temperature coke, pyrolyzes and partially oxidizes it, gasifies it, and generates residues. It is a furnace of a system that performs a process of melting into slag (see Patent Document 1).

  In the shaft-type waste gasification and melting furnace of Patent Document 1, the functions of the furnace body having a vertical cylindrical shape are roughly divided into three regions in the vertical (up and down) direction. That is, a high-temperature combustion zone having a coke bed in which coke is deposited at the bottom of the furnace is formed, a waste layer is formed on the high-temperature combustion zone, and a large space above the waste layer is formed above the furnace body. The free board part is made.

  In such a melting furnace, oxygen-containing gas is blown into the furnace in each of the three regions. The main combustion tuyeres are provided in the high-temperature combustion zone, and oxygen-enriched air is blown to obtain a melting heat source that burns the coke in the coke bed that has been charged and deposited to melt the pyrolysis residue of the waste. It is. In addition, the waste layer is provided with a sub tuyere, and air is blown in order to gently flow the waste deposited and deposited, and to thermally decompose and partially oxidize the waste. In addition, the free board part is provided with a third stage tuyere to partially burn part of the pyrolysis gas (combustible gas) generated by pyrolyzing waste and maintaining the inside at a predetermined temperature Air is blown.

  As described above, the shaft-type waste gasification and melting furnace is a facility capable of performing both pyrolysis gasification treatment and melting treatment in a single furnace as the waste falls in the furnace. The input waste is pyrolyzed to produce gas and residue. The coke in the coke floor is combusted by blowing oxygen-enriched air from the main tuyere to form a high-temperature combustion zone, and the pyrolysis residue of the waste is melted and discharged as slag and metal. The high-temperature gas generated by coke combustion in the high-temperature combustion zone heats the waste in the waste layer formed on the high-temperature combustion zone, and the waste is thermally decomposed by blowing air from the sub tuyere. The gas containing the combustible gas generated by the gas rises in the waste layer, and is discharged to the secondary combustion chamber outside the furnace from the exhaust flue provided in the upper part of the furnace through the free board part. The gas contains a large amount of combustible gas and is combusted in the secondary combustion chamber, and heat is recovered by the boiler to generate steam, which is used for power generation and the like. The gas discharged from the boiler is treated with exhaust gas such as relatively coarse dust is removed with a cyclone, further cooled with a temperature reducing device, harmful gas is removed by reaction with a hazardous substance remover, and dust is removed with a dust collector. After that, it is dissipated from the chimney to the atmosphere.

  In such a waste gasification and melting furnace, a coke bed in which coke is deposited at the bottom of the furnace is formed, and the coke burns to become a heat source for melting pyrolysis residue. There is a demand to reduce the operating cost of the chemical melting furnace. On the other hand, as an alternative to coke, a waste melting method has been proposed in which the amount of coke used is reduced by using massive biomass such as charcoal and charcoal obtained by heat compression molding of sawdust from building waste (see Patent Document 2).

JP 09-060830 A JP-A-2005-249310

  In order to reduce the amount of coke used in a waste gasification and melting furnace, even if massive biomass is used as an alternative to coke as in Patent Document 2, massive biomass is not so cheap compared to coke. There is a problem that the operating cost of the gasification melting furnace cannot be reduced. In addition, if mass biomass is manufactured and used in the waste gasification and melting furnace facility, it is necessary to have a separate facility for producing bulk biomass, which also requires energy to produce and increases costs. There is a problem that it is practically difficult to do.

  DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can reduce the amount of coke used in a waste gasification and melting furnace and can reduce the operating cost of the waste gasification and melting furnace. It is an object to provide a product gasification melting apparatus.

The waste gasification and melting apparatus according to the present invention includes a main tuyere at the lower part of the furnace that forms a high-temperature combustion zone for burning coke in the lower part of the furnace, and blows oxygen-enriched air into the high-temperature combustion zone . A vertical waste gasification and melting furnace that melts the pyrolysis residue of the waste in the high-temperature combustion zone, a secondary combustion chamber for secondary combustion of the combustible gas generated by gasification, and a secondary And a boiler that recovers heat from the burned combustion gas.

In such a waste gasification and melting apparatus, in the present invention, a carbide manufacturing method is provided in which a carbonized raw material receiving space is formed and a reaction casing is heated from the outside, and the carbonized raw material is heated and dry-distilled to generate carbides. An apparatus, and the carbide production apparatus is disposed in at least one of the secondary combustion chamber and the boiler, and burns the carbide generated in the carbide production apparatus to become a melting heat source of the waste pyrolysis residue Carbide supply means for supplying the carbide to the high-temperature combustion zone of the waste gasification melting furnace is provided, and the carbide supply means is a means for blowing carbide together with oxygen-enriched air from the main tuyere, or a supply port provided at the lower part of the furnace. It is a means for supplying carbide to the high-temperature combustion zone .

Further, in the present invention, the carbide production apparatus is in a flow path of the combustion gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber and is indirectly heated by the combustion gas so as to maintain the carbonization atmosphere temperature at 350 to 500 ° C. And a temperature sensor for measuring the carbonization atmosphere temperature provided in the reaction casing and a temperature adjustment means for adjusting the carbonization atmosphere temperature. The temperature adjustment means is disposed on the outer surface of the reaction casing and supplies cooling air. It is equipped with a cooling pipe to circulate and a regulating valve that adjusts the flow rate of cooling air based on the measured value of the temperature sensor, and burns the carbide produced by the carbide production device to use as a heat source for melting waste pyrolysis residue In order to supply the carbide to the high-temperature combustion zone of the waste gasification melting furnace, the carbide supply means blows the carbide together with oxygen-enriched air from the main tuyere, or It is characterized in that the carbide from the supply port formed in a lower portion is a means for supplying the hot combustion zone.

  According to the present invention having such a configuration, the carbide manufacturing apparatus is provided in at least one of the secondary combustion chamber and the boiler, or in the flow path of the combustion gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber, and has a carbonized atmosphere. Since it is disposed in a place where it is indirectly heated by the combustion gas so as to maintain the temperature at 350 to 500 ° C., from the secondary combustion chamber as heat energy for heating and carbonizing the carbonized raw material to generate carbides The thermal energy of the exhausted combustion gas can be used.

Further, according to the present invention, the carbide manufacturing device, a carbide supply means for supplying the generated carbides to a waste gasification melting furnace so Bei Eteiru by the carbide manufacturing device, by doing so, the carbide manufacturing device Thus, carbide can be obtained from the carbonized raw material and supplied to the waste gasification melting furnace as fuel.

  In the present invention, the carbide production apparatus includes a screw conveyor in the reaction casing, the reaction casing and the screw conveyor are disposed through at least one of the secondary combustion chamber and the boiler, and the carbonized raw material is formed by the combustion gas. Indirect heating and carbonization can be used to produce carbides.

  In the present invention, the carbide manufacturing apparatus preferably includes a waste supply means for receiving waste as a carbonization raw material in the reaction casing.

  According to the present invention having such a configuration, a part of the waste to be treated is supplied to the carbide manufacturing apparatus. The carbide manufacturing apparatus has at least one of a secondary combustion chamber in which a combustible gas from a waste gasification melting furnace is subjected to secondary combustion to generate a high-temperature combustion gas and a boiler in which the high-temperature combustion gas flows, or Since it is disposed in the flow path of the combustion gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber and is indirectly heated by the combustion gas so as to maintain the carbonization atmosphere temperature at 350 to 500 ° C., the above carbide production Waste in the reaction casing of the apparatus is heated by the combustion gas through the reaction casing, and is carbonized and carbonized. The carbide is taken out from the carbide production apparatus and supplied to the waste gasification melting furnace as a part of fuel in the gasification melting furnace. Thus, according to the present invention, carbide is produced from the waste to be treated, and the carbide is used as an alternative to a portion of coke forming a high temperature combustion zone to cover part of the heat required for gasification and melting treatment. As a result, the amount of coke used can be reduced, and the operating cost of the waste gasification melting furnace can be reduced.

  In the present invention, the carbide production apparatus preferably includes a dry distillation gas supply means for supplying a dry distillation gas generated during carbonization raw material dry distillation in the carbide production apparatus to the secondary combustion chamber. In this way, the carbide production apparatus not only supplies the carbide from the waste and supplies it as a fuel to the waste gasification and melting furnace, but also supplies the dry distillation gas generated when obtaining the carbide to the secondary combustion chamber. The amount of heat held by the waste can be used very effectively.

  In the present invention, the carbide manufacturing apparatus preferably includes a fly ash supply unit that receives at least a part of the fly ash collected in at least one of the secondary combustion chamber and the boiler. By doing so, fly ash can be filled in the voids of the carbonized raw material in the reaction casing of the carbide manufacturing apparatus to form a low oxygen atmosphere and carbonization carbonization can proceed efficiently.

  As described above, according to the present invention, at least one of the secondary combustion chamber and the boiler of the waste gasification and melting apparatus is used as an alternative to a part of coke that forms the high-temperature combustion zone in the waste gasification and melting furnace. On the other hand, in the flow path of the combustion gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber, where the carbonization atmosphere temperature is indirectly heated by the combustion gas so as to maintain the temperature in the range of 350 to 500 ° C. Because the carbide produced using the combustion heat of the combustible gas is used as fuel in the waste gasification and melting furnace, the amount of coke used can be reduced and the operating cost of the waste gasification and melting furnace can be reduced. It is possible to provide a waste gasification and melting apparatus that can be used.

It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the one Embodiment apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows the outline | summary of the carbide manufacturing apparatus of the apparatus of FIG. The details of a carbide manufacturing device are shown, (A) is a figure explaining the cooling air pipe piping, and (B) is a BB longitudinal section in (A).

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The present embodiment is characterized in that a carbide manufacturing apparatus is provided in a vertical waste gasification and melting apparatus, but prior to the description of these characteristics, a waste gasification and melting apparatus in which these are provided. Each device constituting the system will be described.

  A waste gasification and melting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 is a shaft-type waste gasification and melting furnace 1 (hereinafter referred to as a gasification and melting furnace 1) having a vertical shape. In the upper part of the chemical melting furnace 1, there is provided an inlet 2 for introducing waste as a processing target to be gasified and melted, coke as fuel, and limestone as a slag component adjusting material into the furnace, A gas discharge port 3 for discharging the gas in the furnace to the outside of the furnace is provided on the upper side. In addition, an outlet 4 for discharging molten slag and molten metal is provided at the bottom of the gasification melting furnace 1.

  The internal space of the gasification melting furnace 1 is roughly divided into three regions in the vertical direction. From the lower side, the lower shaft part I formed in the lower part of the furnace, the middle shaft part II located above it, and the upper part The region has the formed free board part III. Each of these parts I, II, and III is an area having the following functions. That is, the lower shaft part I is a region where coal coke deposited at the lower part of the furnace is burned to form a high-temperature combustion zone, and the middle shaft part II is formed by the accumulation of waste material put on the high-temperature combustion zone. The region where the waste in the waste layer is thermally decomposed, the free board part III, is a region where the combustible gas generated by the combustion of the waste is partially combusted.

  Above the gasification melting furnace 1, a supply device (not shown) for supplying waste such as municipal waste, coke, and limestone used as a component adjusting material for the generated slag is disposed. Waste, coke, and limestone supplied from the apparatus are transported by a transport conveyor (not shown) and charged into the furnace through the charging port 2 at the top of the furnace.

  A tuyere that blows oxygen-containing gas into the respective parts of the lower shaft part I, the middle shaft part II, and the free board part III formed in the gasification melting furnace 1 is provided on the furnace wall. That is, the lower shaft portion I is provided with a main tuyere 5 that burns the deposited coal coke to form a high-temperature combustion zone and blows in oxygen-enriched air for melting the pyrolysis residue. II is provided with a sub tuyere 6 for partially burning the thrown-up and accumulated waste and blowing air for causing the waste to flow slowly and thermally decompose. There is provided a three-stage tuyere 7 for blowing air for partially burning a combustible gas generated by thermal decomposition and maintaining the inside at a predetermined temperature.

  A secondary combustion chamber 10 is connected to the gas discharge port 3 and receives the combustible gas generated by pyrolyzing the waste in the gasification melting furnace 1 and combusts it. The secondary combustion chamber 10 is provided with an air blowing port 11 for blowing air for secondary combustion. A boiler 12 that recovers heat from the combustion gas obtained by burning the combustible gas in the secondary combustion chamber 10 is provided in communication with the secondary combustion chamber 10.

  In this embodiment, one or both of the secondary combustion chamber 10 and the boiler 12 that are connected to the gasification melting furnace 1 are provided with a carbide manufacturing apparatus 13 in these internal spaces. ing. In the example of FIG. 1, the carbide manufacturing apparatus 13 is disposed in the internal spaces of both the secondary combustion chamber 10 and the boiler 12.

In the illustrated example, the carbide manufacturing apparatus 13 is provided in a lower hopper portion of the secondary combustion chamber 10 and an intermediate portion of the boiler 12, but the carbonization atmosphere temperature in the carbide manufacturing apparatus is set to 350 to 500.
It may be anywhere as long as it is indirectly heated by the combustion gas so as to be kept at 0 ° C., and may be a position in the flow path of the combustion gas other than shown. A part of the waste collected to be gasified and melted in the gasification melting furnace 1 is supplied to the carbide manufacturing apparatus 13 as a carbonized raw material. You may supply another waste as a carbonization raw material.

  A part of the fly ash discharged from the gasification melting furnace 1 accompanying the generated gas falls to the lower hopper part of the secondary combustion chamber 10 and the lower hopper part of the boiler 12 and is collected. At least a part of the fly ash collected from both hoppers is mixed with the waste and supplied to the carbide manufacturing apparatus 13 together with the waste. At least a part of the fly ash collected from both hopper parts is conveyed to the waste supply part of the carbide manufacturing apparatus 13 by the conveying means. The fly ash collected from both hoppers may be temporarily stored in a storage tank or the like, and transferred from the storage tank or the like to the waste supply unit of the carbide manufacturing apparatus 13. In the carbide manufacturing apparatus 13, the fly ash fills the voids in the waste, so that the oxygen in the voids can be reduced and the atmosphere can be carbonized efficiently with a low oxygen atmosphere. Fly ash is discharged from the carbide discharge section together with the carbide.

  Carbide supply means is provided so as to supply the generated carbide and fly ash discharged from the carbide discharge portion of the carbide manufacturing apparatus 13 to the high-temperature combustion zone of the lower shaft portion I of the gasification melting furnace 1. As the carbide supply means, in the illustrated example, there is provided carbide supply means for transferring carbide and fly ash by the transfer means and blowing them into the furnace from the main tuyere 5 together with oxygen-enriched air. In addition to such means, a carbide supply port for supplying to the high temperature combustion zone may be provided separately. Further, the carbide and fly ash discharged from the carbide manufacturing apparatus 13 may be temporarily stored in a storage tank or the like, conveyed from the storage tank or the like, and supplied to the high-temperature combustion zone of the gasification melting furnace 1. In this way, the carbide is supplied to the high-temperature combustion zone at the bottom of the furnace and burned to form a melting heat source. Thereby, the amount of coke used can be reduced by using carbide as a substitute for a part of coke.

  The fly ash mixed in the blown carbide is melted together with the pyrolysis residue in the high temperature combustion zone, and is discharged out of the furnace through the tap 4 as slag and metal. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the amount of the fly ash that is accompanied and discharged from the gasification melting furnace 1 and detoxify it, and the processing cost can be reduced.

  In the carbide production apparatus 13, when carbonizing the waste to produce carbide, the carbonization gas that volatilizes contains the combustible gas, so that the carbonization gas discharge unit supplies the secondary combustion chamber 10 with the combustible gas. Is connected to a dry distillation gas supply port provided in the secondary combustion chamber 10 by a dry distillation gas supply pipe. The dry distillation gas is burned in the secondary combustion chamber 10 and the combustion heat is recovered by the boiler 12 and discarded. The thermal energy of things can be used effectively.

  Next, the configuration of the carbide manufacturing apparatus 13 itself will be described.

  In this embodiment, although the carbide production apparatus is provided in the secondary combustion chamber 10 and the boiler 12, both the carbide production apparatuses have the completely same structure.

  As can be seen in FIG. 2, in the present embodiment, the carbide producing apparatus 13 is formed by connecting two carbonizing portions 20 </ b> A and 20 </ b> B arranged in parallel vertically. The carbonized part may be provided in one stage or in three or more stages.

The carbonization section 20A; 20B includes a cylindrical reaction casing 21A; 21B extending in the horizontal direction as an axis and having a closed end, a screw conveyor 22A; 22B disposed in the reaction casing 21A; 21B, and the reaction casing 21A. And refractory 23A covering the outer peripheral surface excluding both ends of 21B; In the reaction casing 21A; 21B, the axial range in which the refractory 23A; 23B is provided is in the internal space of the secondary combustion chamber 10 or the boiler 12, and the portions where the openings are formed at both ends are secondary. Projecting to the outside of the combustion chamber 10 or the boiler 12. The reaction casing 21A; 21B refractories 23A at both ends in the axial direction; has an opening at 23B portion without a screw conveyor 22A; 22B motor _M A; at _M axially receives the rotational driving respectively at _B Has conveying power.

  The upper left end opening of the reaction casing 21A of the carbonizing section 20A located above is formed as a waste fly ash supply section 24A, the upper right end opening is formed as a dry distillation gas discharge section 25A, and the lower right opening is formed as a communication port 26A. Has been. The screw conveyor 22A has a conveying force from the left end toward the right end. In addition, it is good also as other conveyance means which can be stirred and conveyed, receiving external heating instead of a screw conveyor, such as a paddle conveyor.

  On the other hand, the reaction casing 21B of the carbonization portion 20B located below has an opening on the upper right end forming a communication port 26B, and communicates with the communication port 26A of the upper reaction casing 21A through the communication tube 27. The opening on the upper left end of the reaction casing 21B is formed as a dry distillation gas discharge portion 25B, and the opening on the lower left end is formed as a carbide discharge port 28B.

  In the present embodiment, the reaction casing 21A; 21B is similarly subjected to temperature control in both the upper carbonization part 20A and the lower carbonization part 20B, and only one reaction casing 21A will be described here. 3A and 3B, the outer peripheral surface of the reaction casing 21A is provided with a cooling pipe 30A that circulates back and forth in the axial direction to flow cooling air. It is protected in a refractory 23A that covers The refractory 23A prevents corrosion damage of the reaction casing 21A and the cooling pipe 30A due to the corrosive gas contained in the combustion gas. The refractory 23A is supported by a plurality of bone-shaped anchor hardware 31A welded to the outer peripheral surface of the reaction casing 21A. Further, a temperature sensor 32A is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the reaction casing 21A so that the carbonization atmosphere temperature can be detected. Upon receiving a temperature measurement value signal from the output portion 32A-1, the cooling sensor 21A receives the temperature measurement value signal. The flow rate of the cooling air flowing through the cooling pipe 30A is adjusted by an adjustment valve 33A provided in the pipe 30A so that the carbonization atmosphere temperature can be adjusted to a predetermined temperature range (350 to 500 ° C.).

  Operation of the waste gasification and melting apparatus in the present embodiment configured as described above is performed as follows.

  In the gasification and melting furnace 1, waste, coke, and limestone from the supply device are respectively supplied into the furnace by a predetermined amount through the inlet provided in the upper part of the gasification and melting furnace 1, and the main tuyere 5 Then, oxygen-enriched air or air is blown into the furnace from the sub tuyere 6 and the third tuyere tuyere 7, respectively. Waste introduced from the inlet is deposited on the middle shaft part II in the furnace to form a waste layer, and from the hot gas rising from the high temperature combustion zone of the lower shaft part I and the sub tuyere 6 It is dried by blown air and then pyrolyzed. Part of the combustible gas generated by pyrolysis is combusted by the air blown from the three-stage tuyere 7 in the free board section III, and the atmospheric temperature is maintained at a temperature of 850 ° C. or more, and harmful gas and tar content The generated gas is sent to the secondary combustion chamber 10 provided outside the furnace through the gas discharge port 3 provided in the upper part of the gasification melting furnace 1 and subjected to the secondary combustion. The working air is blown and burned, and the combustion gas is sent to the boiler 12 to recover heat. The residue resulting from the thermal decomposition of the waste in the waste layer of the middle shaft part II descends, reaches the lower shaft part I where the high temperature combustion zone where the coke is burned is formed, and remains in the lower shaft part I The fixed carbon as the combustible material burns, and the incombustible material melts into molten slag and molten metal. Molten slag and molten metal are discharged from the tap 4, supplied to a water granulating device (not shown) provided outside the furnace, cooled and solidified, and the cooled and solidified granulated slag and granulated metal are recovered. .

  Combustion gas generated by the combustion in the secondary combustion chamber 10 heats the carbonization sections 20A and 20B of the carbide manufacturing apparatus 13 provided in the secondary combustion chamber 10 and the boiler 12.

  In the carbide manufacturing apparatus 13, a part of the waste supplied to the gasification melting furnace 1 from the waste fly ash supply unit 24 </ b> A of the carbonization unit 20 </ b> A is recovered from the secondary combustion chamber 10 and the boiler 12. Together with the ash, it is supplied into the reaction casing 21A. In the reaction casing 21A, in the process of being transported while being stirred rightward by the screw conveyor 22A toward the communication port 26A in a low oxygen atmosphere state where the gap between the wastes is filled with fly ash, By indirect heating from the combustion gas received by the reaction casing 21A, dry distillation and carbonization proceed at a temperature of 350 to 500 ° C. The reason why the carbonizing atmosphere temperature is in the temperature range of 350 to 500 ° C. is that if it is lower than 350 ° C., the thermal decomposition reaction efficiency of the carbonized raw material is lowered, and if it is higher than 500 ° C., the mechanical strength of the screw conveyor is lowered, causing trouble. Because.

  The dry distillation gas volatilized when the waste is dry distilled is discharged from the dry distillation gas discharge unit 25A. The waste in the process of carbonization / carbonization proceeds from the communication port 26A through the communication tube 27 to the communication port 26B of the lower reaction casing 21B and enters the reaction casing 21B. In the process where the waste is conveyed along with the fly ash while being stirred in the reaction casing 21B by the screw conveyor 22B toward the carbide discharge section 28B, the carbonization and carbonization further progress. Thus, carbides and fly ash are discharged from the carbide discharge unit 28B, and dry distillation gas is discharged from the dry distillation gas discharge unit 25B. In the dry distillation / carbonization, it is preferable to set the conveying speed of the screw conveyors 22A, 22B so that the waste stays in the reaction casings 21A, 21B for about 30 to 40 minutes.

  The carbide discharged from the carbide discharge section 28B is supplied as fuel to the main tuyere 5 of the gasification melting furnace 1 together with the mixed fly ash, and the fly ash is melted together with the pyrolysis residue in the high-temperature combustion zone, Slag and metal are discharged from the outlet 4 to the outside of the furnace. The dry distillation gas discharged from the dry distillation gas discharge sections 25A and 25B is supplied as fuel to the secondary combustion chamber 10, and this dry distillation gas is combusted in the secondary combustion chamber 10 and the combustion heat is recovered by the boiler 12 and discarded. The thermal energy of things can be used effectively.

In the present invention, the carbonized material is obtained by using the thermal energy of the combustion gas obtained by combusting the combustible gas generated in the gasification melting furnace by the carbide production apparatus provided in the secondary combustion chamber and the boiler using the waste as the carbonization raw material. Therefore, the following effects can be achieved.
・ Combustible gas obtained from waste in at least one of the secondary combustion chamber and boiler of waste gasification and melting equipment as an alternative to part of coke forming a high-temperature combustion zone in waste gasification and melting furnaces Since the carbide produced using the combustion heat is used, the amount of coke used can be reduced, and the operating cost of the waste gasification melting furnace can be reduced.
・ Because waste is used as a carbonization raw material, carbide can be used at a lower cost than carbide produced from biomass, and can be used as an alternative fuel at a lower cost than coke.
・ Since part of the waste supplied to the gasification melting furnace is carbonized raw material, the amount of waste to be melted in the gasification melting furnace can be reduced, and as the amount of waste to be melted decreases, it is necessary as a melting heat source. The amount of coke used can also be reduced.
・ By providing carbide production equipment in the secondary combustion chamber and boiler of the gasification and melting equipment, the equipment cost can be reduced and the installation area of equipment can be minimized as compared with the separate carbide production equipment. Installation cost can be lowered.
・ The thermal energy to produce carbides uses the thermal energy of the combustion gas that burned the combustible gas generated in the gasification melting furnace, so compared to using the carbide produced by the thermal energy that burned the fuel separately, It is inexpensive and can reduce the amount of coke used at low cost.
・ Fly ash is mixed with waste and supplied to the carbide production equipment, and it is possible to easily build a low oxygen atmosphere by filling the gap between the waste with fly ash so that oxygen does not exist in the voids. can do. Furthermore, by supplying the carbide and fly ash discharged from the carbide production equipment into the gasification melting furnace, the fly ash is melted and discharged as slag and metal, and discharged from the gasification melting furnace with the generated gas. The amount of fly ash collected and recovered by the dust collector and detoxified can be reduced, and the fly ash treatment cost can be reduced.
・ By supplying carbonization gas generated when carbonizing waste in the carbide production equipment to the secondary combustion chamber and burning it and recovering heat from the combustion gas, the amount of heat generated by combustibles in the waste is effectively increased. Available.
-Carbide can be efficiently manufactured by providing cooling air piping in the carbide manufacturing apparatus and adjusting the flow rate of cooling air based on the temperature of the carbonizing atmosphere measured by the temperature sensor to be within a predetermined temperature range.
・ Furthermore, by modifying the existing combustion chamber of the gasification and melting equipment by adding carbide production equipment to the boiler and boiler, the produced carbide can be used as a substitute for coke. Reduction of coke usage can be realized.

  Instead of using waste as a carbonization raw material, biomass such as rice husk, sawdust, and wood chips may be used.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gasification melting furnace 10 Secondary combustion chamber 12 Boiler 13 Carbide manufacturing apparatus 21A; 21B Reaction casing 22A; 22B Screw conveyor 32A Temperature adjustment means (temperature sensor)
33A Temperature adjusting means (regulating valve)

Claims (6)

A high temperature combustion zone is formed at the bottom of the furnace to burn coke, and a main tuyere that blows oxygen-enriched air into the high temperature combustion zone is provided at the bottom of the furnace. A vertical waste gasification melting furnace that melts the residue in a high-temperature combustion zone, a secondary combustion chamber for secondary combustion of the combustible gas generated by gasification, and a boiler that recovers heat from the secondary combustion gas In waste gasification and melting equipment,
A carbonized raw material receiving space is formed and has a reaction casing that is heated from the outside. The carbonized raw material is heated and dry-distilled to produce carbide. The carbide manufacturing device is a secondary combustion chamber. And a high-temperature combustion zone of a waste gasification melting furnace in order to burn the carbide generated in the carbide production apparatus and use it as a melting heat source of the waste pyrolysis residue. The carbide supply means is a means for blowing carbide together with oxygen-enriched air from the main tuyere, or a means for supplying carbide to the high-temperature combustion zone from the supply port provided in the lower part of the furnace. A waste gasification and melting device. A high temperature combustion zone is formed at the bottom of the furnace to burn coke, and a main tuyere that blows oxygen-enriched air into the high temperature combustion zone is provided at the bottom of the furnace. A vertical waste gasification melting furnace that melts the residue in a high-temperature combustion zone, a secondary combustion chamber for secondary combustion of combustible gas generated by gasification, and a boiler that recovers heat from the combustion exhaust gas generated by secondary combustion In waste gasification and melting equipment,
It has a reaction casing that is formed by receiving a carbonized raw material and is heated from the outside, and includes a carbide production device that generates carbide by heating and dry distillation of the carbonized raw material,
The carbide manufacturing apparatus is disposed in a passage of combustion gas discharged from the secondary combustion chamber, and is indirectly heated by the combustion gas so as to maintain the carbonization atmosphere temperature at 350 to 500 ° C. A temperature sensor for measuring the carbonization atmosphere temperature provided in the reaction casing; and a temperature adjustment means for adjusting the carbonization atmosphere temperature. The temperature adjustment means is disposed on the outer surface of the reaction casing and has a cooling pipe for circulating cooling air. And an adjustment valve that adjusts the flow rate of the cooling air based on the measured value of the temperature sensor,
Carbide supplying means for supplying the carbide to a high-temperature combustion zone of a waste gasification melting furnace in order to burn the carbide generated by the carbide manufacturing apparatus and use it as a melting heat source for the waste pyrolysis residue, A waste gasification and melting apparatus, characterized in that it is means for blowing carbide together with oxygen-enriched air from the main tuyere, or means for supplying carbide to the high-temperature combustion zone from a supply port provided in the lower part of the furnace.   The carbide manufacturing apparatus includes a screw conveyor in the reaction casing, the reaction casing and the screw conveyor are disposed through at least one of the secondary combustion chamber and the boiler, and the carbonized raw material is indirectly heated by the combustion exhaust gas through the reaction casing. The waste gasification and melting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the carbonization is performed by dry distillation.   The waste gasification and melting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the carbide manufacturing apparatus includes waste supply means for receiving waste as a carbonization raw material in a reaction casing.   5. The carbide production apparatus includes dry distillation gas supply means for supplying a carbonization gas generated during carbonization raw material carbonization in the carbide production apparatus to the secondary combustion chamber. 6. Waste gasification and melting equipment.   The waste according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the carbide manufacturing apparatus includes fly ash supply means for receiving at least a part of fly ash collected in at least one of the secondary combustion chamber and the boiler. Product gasification melting equipment.

Images