JP5582670B2 - マイクロシステムの毛管分離 - Google Patents
マイクロシステムの毛管分離 Download PDFInfo
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- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
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- B01J2219/00873—Heat exchange
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J2219/00905—Separation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
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Description
「捕捉構造体」とは、(少なくとも部分的には)気体フローチャネル内に配置されており、液体のウィックへ向かう動きを支援する構造体である。
「飛沫同伴」とは、気体出口へ向かう液体の移動をいう。
「積層デバイス」とは、少なくとも2つの非同一層を有するデバイスのことであり、このデバイスでは、この少なくとも2つの非同一層が、熱伝達、凝縮などの単位操作を実行することができ、2つの非同一層はそれぞれ、その層を通して流体をすことができる。本発明で、積層デバイスは、流体媒体内のファイバーの束ではない。
「マイクロチャネル」とは、少なくとも1つの寸法が5mm以下のチャネルをいう。マイクロチャネルの長さは、通常運転時に壁にぶつかるまで流体が流れる最遠方向として定義づけられている。幅及び深さは長さに垂直であり且つ互いに対しても垂直で、図示の実施形態では、幅はシム又は層の面で測定される。
「マイクロコンポーネントセル」とは、デバイス内のセルであり、セルはマイクロコンポーネントを保有している。
「単位プロセス操作」とは、流体ストリームの化学的又は物理的特性が変更される操作をいう。単位プロセス操作(単位操作とも呼ばれる)には、流体ストリームの温度、圧力、又は構成の変更が含まれる。
「作動容積」とは、デバイスの合計チャネル容積であり、ヘッダー及び固体シムとエンドプレート材は含まない。
代りに、シムの表面はマイクロチャンネルのようなウィック構造とすることができる。いずれにしろ、ウィック構造は出口ウィック42と連続した液体流路を作るべきであるが、気体出口穴34をブロックすべきではない。
2分の1インチのポリカーボネートを機械加工して、深さ3000μmx幅2cmx長さ8cmの長いチャネルを作った。1/8”NPT逆目管継手をチャネルの端部から1cmのところに配して液体アウトレットとした。マックマスター・カール社から入手可能な70×70ステンレス鋼メッシュの2cmx8cmの材料片を、チャネル内の、5□m細孔を備えた焼結ニッケル(モット社)の1/16”x2cmx8cmの材料片の下に配置した。焼結ニッケルは、LoctiteTRRTVシリコン接着剤を使って適所に密封接着した。
例2
デバイスは、3000μmチャネルを1400μmチャネルに代えた以外は、上記と同じである。このチャネルには、Pall社製の0.0011”Suprameshの8cmx2cm材料片を底部に配置した。この材料は、細かなステンレスメッシュ上に焼結ステンレス鋼を重ねてできている。1.5cmx7.5cmの穴が付いた平らなガスケット材料を、チャネルの内側に配し、両ポリカーボネート材料片を共にシールし、ガスが多孔性材料に侵入するのを防いだ。
結び
以上、本発明の好適な実施形態を図示し説明してきたが、当業者には自明であるように、本発明の幅広い態様から逸脱することなく、多様な変更及び修正を加えることができる。従って、特許請求の範囲に述べる事柄は、本発明の真の精神と範囲の中にある全てのそのような変更及び修正を包含することを意図しているものである。
Claims (29)
- 流体を分離するプロセスにおいて、
第1流体及び第2流体の少なくとも2つの流体の混合物を、少なくとも1つのチャネル
と細孔狭路を有するデバイスへ送る段階であって、前記チャネルは少なくとも1つの寸法
が5mm以下のマイクロチャネルである気体フローチャネルとウィックとを備えており、前
記細孔狭路は前記ウィックよりも小さな細孔寸法を有する多孔質構造体であり、前記第1
流体が前記ウィックによって吸収されるようになっている段階から成り、
前記第1流体は、前記ウィック内にあり液体出口まで移動する液体であって、前記第1
流体は前記液体出口を通って前記デバイスを出てゆき、前記液体は、前記デバイスを出る
前に前記細孔狭路を通って流れ、
前記第2流体は、前記気体フローチャネルを通って気体出口まで行く気体であって、前
記気体は前記気体出口を通って前記デバイスを出てゆく、プロセス。
- 前記液体は、前記ウィックを離れることなく、前記ウィックを通って、前記液体出口の
ウィックまで移動する、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記液体は、前記ウィックを通過して液体フローチャネルまで移動し、続いて前記液体
フローチャネルを通って、前記液体出口まで流れる、請求項1又は2に記載のプロセス。
- 前記細孔狭路は、前記ウィックと直接接触している、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の
プロセス。
- 前記気体フローチャネル内に捕捉構造体が配置されている、請求項1〜4のいずれかに
記載のプロセス。
- 前記捕捉構造体はランダムファイバーメッシュである、請求項5に記載のプロセス。
- 前記ランダムファイバーメッシュは、液体の流れを前記ウィックへ向けて導くための非
対称構造を有している、請求項6に記載のプロセス。
- 前記捕捉構造体は、前記気体フローチャネル内に配置されていて、気体が前記構造体の
周囲に流れるようにする規則的な配列の構造体である、請求項5に記載のプロセス。
- 前記規則的な配列の構造体は、流れを前記ウィックへ向けて導く形状である、請求項8
に記載のプロセス。
- 前記捕捉構造体は、気体を曲線経路に流し、遠心力によって液体を壁又は前記ウィック
構造体に向けて動かすようにする、請求項5に記載のプロセス。
- 前記気体フローチャネルは、少なくとも部分的には、前記第1流体に対して非湿潤性の
壁によって画定されている、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記気体フローチャネルは、マイクロチャネル熱交換器と熱接触している、請求項1に
記載のプロセス。
- 前記第1流体は水であり、前記第2流体は、一酸化炭素、二酸化炭素、メタン及び水素
から成る群から選択される、請求項2に記載のプロセス。
- 流体を接触させるプロセスにおいて、
少なくとも2つの流体を、少なくとも1つのチャネルを有するデバイスへ送る段階から
成り、
前記チャネルは、気体フローチャネル及びウィックと、前記ウィックと前記気体フロー
チャネルとの間の界面とを備えており、
前記ウィックは、相互に垂直な関係にある幅、長さ及び高さを有しており、前記高さは
前記界面に垂直であり、前記ウィックの高さは、前記ウィックの幅及び長さの両方より少
なくとも5倍小さく、
少なくとも1つの流体は前記ウィックを通って流れ、少なくとも1つの別の流体は前記
気体フローチャネルを通って流れ、
前記ウィックと前記気体フローチャネルとの間の界面で、1つの流体が少なくとも1つ
の別の流体と接触し、更に、前記ウィックを通って流れる前記少なくとも1つの流体と、
前記気体フローチャネルを通って流れる前記少なくとも1つの別の流体との間の前記界面
を通して物質伝達が発生する、プロセス。
- 前記気体フローチャネルは平坦であり、前記流体は、前記デバイスを出るまでウィック
を通って移動する、請求項14に記載のプロセス。
- 前記気体フローチャネルは、少なくとも部分的には、前記ウィックを通って移動する流
体に対して非湿潤性である壁によって画定されるマイクロチャネルを備えている、請求項
14に記載のプロセス。
- 前記気体フローチャネルはマイクロチャネルを備えており、前記気体フローチャネル内
の流体の流れは、前記ウィック内の流体の流れとは向きが逆である、請求項14に記載の
プロセス。
- 前記デバイスは、前記気体フローチャネルと熱接触するマイクロチャネル熱交換器を備
えている、請求項17に記載のプロセス。
- 気体を凝縮させるプロセスにおいて、
気体を、デバイスの、少なくとも1つのマイクロチャネル熱交換器と熱接触している少
なくとも1つのチャネルへ流し込む段階と、
前記少なくとも1つのマイクロチャネル熱交換器を通して熱交換流体を流す段階と、か
ら成り、
前記少なくとも1つのチャネルと前記熱交換器との間で熱が伝達され、
前記気体の少なくとも一部は、前記チャネル内で液体に凝縮され、
前記チャネルは、気体フローチャネルとウィックとを備えており、前記凝縮された液体
は前記ウィックによって吸収され、
前記ウィック内の前記凝縮された液体は液体出口へ移動し、前記凝縮された液体は前記
液体出口を通って前記デバイスを出る、ことを含み
ここで前記デバイスは、気体フローチャネル内に設けられた捕捉構造体を備えるか、前
記デバイスは、前記ウィックよりも小さい細孔寸法を有する多孔質構造である細孔狭路を
備え、デバイスを出る前に液体が細孔狭路を通過するか、又は前記チャネルは少なくとも
1のマイクロチャネル熱交換器に隣接し湿潤性が低い壁を備える、プロセス。
- 前記凝縮している流体の熱伝達係数は、前記熱交換流体の熱伝達係数より小さい、請求
項19に記載のプロセス。
- 気体を、デバイスの少なくとも2つのチャネルへ流し込む段階を更に含んでおり、
前記2つのチャネルはそれぞれ、気体フローチャネルとウィックとを備えており、
マイクロチャネル熱交換器は、前記2つのチャネルの間に配置されており、前記熱交換
器と前記2つのチャネルそれぞれとの間で熱交換が行われる、請求項19に記載のプロセ
ス。
- 少なくとも2つのチャネルを有する積層デバイスを備えている、気体を液体に凝縮する
凝縮器において、前記少なくとも2つのチャネルはそれぞれ、気体フローチャネルとウィ
ックとを備えており、前記少なくとも2つのチャネルはそれぞれ、少なくとも1つのマイ
クロチャネル熱交換器と熱接触しており、さらに、気体フローチャネル内に設けられた捕
捉構造体を備えるか、又は、前記ウィックと液体フローチャネルとの間もしくは前記ウィ
ックと液体出口との間に設けられ、前記ウィックよりも小さい細孔寸法を有する多孔質構
造である細孔狭路を備えるか、又は前記少なくとも2つのチャネルは少なくとも1つのマ
イクロチャネル熱交換器に隣接しており湿潤性が低い壁を備える、凝縮器。
- 請求項22の凝縮器を備えている化学反応器。
- 前記熱交換流体は、前記少なくとも1つのマイクロチャネル熱交換器を通って、前記少
なくとも1つのチャネル内の気体の流れの方向と垂直な方向に流れる、請求項19に記載
のプロセス。
- 前記熱交換流体は、前記少なくとも1つのマイクロチャネル熱交換器を通って、前記少
なくとも1つのチャネル内の気体の流れの方向と反対方向に流れる、請求項19に記載の
プロセス。
- 前記少なくとも1つのチャネル内で化学反応が起こる、請求項14に記載のプロセス。
- 前記化学反応はフィッシャー−トロプス反応である、請求項26に記載のプロセス。
- 前記化学反応は脱水素反応である、請求項26に記載のプロセス。
- 前記化学反応は炭化水素改質反応である、請求項26に記載のプロセス。
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US09/588.871 | 2000-06-06 | ||
US09/588,871 US6666909B1 (en) | 2000-06-06 | 2000-06-06 | Microsystem capillary separations |
PCT/US2001/017622 WO2001093976A2 (en) | 2000-06-06 | 2001-05-30 | Microsystem capillary separations |
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JP2004509733A JP2004509733A (ja) | 2004-04-02 |
JP2004509733A5 JP2004509733A5 (ja) | 2012-01-26 |
JP5582670B2 true JP5582670B2 (ja) | 2014-09-03 |
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JP2002501544A Expired - Fee Related JP5582670B2 (ja) | 2000-06-06 | 2001-05-30 | マイクロシステムの毛管分離 |
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US (1) | US6666909B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1333902B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5582670B2 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE490013T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2001275069A1 (ja) |
CA (2) | CA2410462C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60143587D1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2001093976A2 (ja) |
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2001
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- 2001-05-30 JP JP2002501544A patent/JP5582670B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-05-30 EP EP01941741A patent/EP1333902B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 2001-05-30 AU AU2001275069A patent/AU2001275069A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-05-30 CA CA2683050A patent/CA2683050C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2001-05-30 WO PCT/US2001/017622 patent/WO2001093976A2/en active Application Filing
- 2001-05-30 AT AT01941741T patent/ATE490013T1/de active
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EP1333902B1 (en) | 2010-12-01 |
DE60143587D1 (de) | 2011-01-13 |
EP1333902A2 (en) | 2003-08-13 |
WO2001093976A2 (en) | 2001-12-13 |
AU2001275069A1 (en) | 2001-12-17 |
CA2410462C (en) | 2009-12-15 |
US6666909B1 (en) | 2003-12-23 |
WO2001093976A3 (en) | 2003-01-16 |
ATE490013T1 (de) | 2010-12-15 |
CA2410462A1 (en) | 2001-12-13 |
JP2004509733A (ja) | 2004-04-02 |
CA2683050A1 (en) | 2001-12-13 |
CA2683050C (en) | 2011-11-15 |
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