JP5581211B2 - 第四級オピオイドカルボキサミド - Google Patents
第四級オピオイドカルボキサミド Download PDFInfo
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- JP5581211B2 JP5581211B2 JP2010520325A JP2010520325A JP5581211B2 JP 5581211 B2 JP5581211 B2 JP 5581211B2 JP 2010520325 A JP2010520325 A JP 2010520325A JP 2010520325 A JP2010520325 A JP 2010520325A JP 5581211 B2 JP5581211 B2 JP 5581211B2
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- morphine
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- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical class [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 title 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 109
- -1 R 21 Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 53
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 43
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 43
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000006297 carbonyl amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:2])C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002837 carbocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004043 oxo group Chemical group O=* 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- BQJCRHHNABKAKU-KBQPJGBKSA-N morphine Chemical compound O([C@H]1[C@H](C=C[C@H]23)O)C4=C5[C@@]12CCN(C)[C@@H]3CC5=CC=C4O BQJCRHHNABKAKU-KBQPJGBKSA-N 0.000 description 85
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 47
- 229960005181 morphine Drugs 0.000 description 46
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 238000007912 intraperitoneal administration Methods 0.000 description 29
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 28
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 24
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 22
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 20
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 20
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 206010012735 Diarrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 17
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000003502 anti-nociceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 12
- INAXVFBXDYWQFN-XHSDSOJGSA-N morphinan Chemical class C1C2=CC=CC=C2[C@]23CCCC[C@H]3[C@@H]1NCC2 INAXVFBXDYWQFN-XHSDSOJGSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 108020001612 μ-opioid receptors Proteins 0.000 description 11
- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 10
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 10
- INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodomethane Chemical compound IC INQOMBQAUSQDDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 102000051367 mu Opioid Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 10
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 102000003840 Opioid Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 9
- 108090000137 Opioid Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 230000027455 binding Effects 0.000 description 9
- DQCKKXVULJGBQN-XFWGSAIBSA-N naltrexone Chemical compound N1([C@@H]2CC3=CC=C(C=4O[C@@H]5[C@](C3=4)([C@]2(CCC5=O)O)CC1)O)CC1CC1 DQCKKXVULJGBQN-XFWGSAIBSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000003401 opiate antagonist Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 108020001588 κ-opioid receptors Proteins 0.000 description 9
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- RYIDHLJADOKWFM-MAODMQOUSA-N Samidorphan Chemical compound N1([C@@H]2CC3=CC=C(C(=C3[C@@]3([C@]2(CCC(=O)C3)O)CC1)O)C(=O)N)CC1CC1 RYIDHLJADOKWFM-MAODMQOUSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000036592 analgesia Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 102000048260 kappa Opioid Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 229940127240 opiate Drugs 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000556 agonist Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 7
- 125000004186 cyclopropylmethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 7
- 231100000673 dose–response relationship Toxicity 0.000 description 7
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229960003086 naltrexone Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- SJVGRJDDWYKPBY-ZPMCFJSWSA-N 17-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4,14-dihydroxy-6-methylenemorphinan-3-carboxamide Chemical compound N1([C@@H]2CC3=CC=C(C(=C3[C@@]3([C@]2(CCC(=C)C3)O)CC1)O)C(=O)N)CC1CC1 SJVGRJDDWYKPBY-ZPMCFJSWSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XMMYBZHHAZNWDZ-TYCQWZJGSA-N 17-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4,14-dihydroxymorphinan-3-carboxamide Chemical compound C([C@@]12C3=C(O)C(C(N)=O)=CC=C3C[C@@]3([C@@]1(CCCC2)O)[H])CN3CC1CC1 XMMYBZHHAZNWDZ-TYCQWZJGSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OKJPEAGHQZHRQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triiodomethane Natural products IC(I)I OKJPEAGHQZHRQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QSPGSENWVSPIQZ-XFWGSAIBSA-N [(4r,4as,7ar,12bs)-3-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4a-hydroxy-7-oxo-2,4,5,6,7a,13-hexahydro-1h-4,12-methanobenzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinoline-9-yl] trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound C([C@@]12[C@@]3(O)CCC(=O)[C@@H]1OC=1C(OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F)=CC=C(C2=1)C[C@]31[H])CN1CC1CC1 QSPGSENWVSPIQZ-XFWGSAIBSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000005557 antagonist Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 6
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008991 intestinal motility Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- SZUVGFMDDVSKSI-WIFOCOSTSA-N (1s,2s,3s,5r)-1-(carboxymethyl)-3,5-bis[(4-phenoxyphenyl)methyl-propylcarbamoyl]cyclopentane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound O=C([C@@H]1[C@@H]([C@](CC(O)=O)([C@H](C(=O)N(CCC)CC=2C=CC(OC=3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=2)C1)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)N(CCC)CC(C=C1)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC=C1 SZUVGFMDDVSKSI-WIFOCOSTSA-N 0.000 description 5
- QAICPHMNUHNDMC-WUHBCXKYSA-N (4r,4as,7ar,12bs)-3-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4a-hydroxy-7-oxo-2,4,5,6,7a,13-hexahydro-1h-4,12-methanobenzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinoline-9-carboxamide Chemical compound C([C@@]12[C@@]3(O)CCC(=O)[C@@H]1OC=1C(C(N)=O)=CC=C(C2=1)C[C@]31[H])CN1CC1CC1 QAICPHMNUHNDMC-WUHBCXKYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- KZPYGQFFRCFCPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C1=CC=C[C-]1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=C[C-]1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 KZPYGQFFRCFCPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 101100244562 Pseudomonas aeruginosa (strain ATCC 15692 / DSM 22644 / CIP 104116 / JCM 14847 / LMG 12228 / 1C / PRS 101 / PAO1) oprD gene Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000202 analgesic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000005392 carboxamide group Chemical group NC(=O)* 0.000 description 5
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229940126543 compound 14 Drugs 0.000 description 5
- XBRXTUGRUXGBPX-DLBZAZTESA-N cyclazosin Chemical class N=1C(N)=C2C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC2=NC=1N([C@@H]1CCCC[C@@H]11)CCN1C(=O)C1=CC=CO1 XBRXTUGRUXGBPX-DLBZAZTESA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 108700023159 delta Opioid Receptors Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 102000048124 delta Opioid Receptors Human genes 0.000 description 5
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 5
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003285 pharmacodynamic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000004191 (C1-C6) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- HPZJMUBDEAMBFI-WTNAPCKOSA-N (D-Ala(2)-mephe(4)-gly-ol(5))enkephalin Chemical compound C([C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H](C)C(=O)NCC(=O)N(C)[C@@H](CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(=O)NCCO)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 HPZJMUBDEAMBFI-WTNAPCKOSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZJFPQVBARDXZPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-methano-3-benzazocine Chemical group C1=CC=C2C(C3)=CC=NC3=CC2=C1 ZJFPQVBARDXZPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.OCC(N)(CO)CO QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 108700022183 Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)- Enkephalin Proteins 0.000 description 4
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical group NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WIYUZYBFCWCCQJ-IFKAHUTRSA-N Naltrindole Chemical compound N1([C@@H]2CC3=CC=C(C=4O[C@@H]5[C@](C3=4)([C@]2(CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC=25)O)CC1)O)CC1CC1 WIYUZYBFCWCCQJ-IFKAHUTRSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 230000008485 antagonism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 4
- AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N isoquinoline Chemical compound C1=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 AWJUIBRHMBBTKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004895 liquid chromatography mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- XOFLBQFBSOEHOG-UUOKFMHZSA-N γS-GTP Chemical compound C1=2NC(N)=NC(=O)C=2N=CN1[C@@H]1O[C@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(O)=S)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O XOFLBQFBSOEHOG-UUOKFMHZSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GHYOCDFICYLMRF-UTIIJYGPSA-N (2S,3R)-N-[(2S)-3-(cyclopenten-1-yl)-1-[(2R)-2-methyloxiran-2-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl]-3-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2-[[(2S)-2-[(2-morpholin-4-ylacetyl)amino]propanoyl]amino]propanamide Chemical compound C1(=CCCC1)C[C@@H](C(=O)[C@@]1(OC1)C)NC([C@H]([C@@H](C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC)O)NC([C@H](C)NC(CN1CCOCC1)=O)=O)=O GHYOCDFICYLMRF-UTIIJYGPSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JVLBPIPGETUEET-WIXLDOGYSA-O (3r,4r,4as,7ar,12bs)-3-(cyclopropylmethyl)-4a,9-dihydroxy-3-methyl-2,4,5,6,7a,13-hexahydro-1h-4,12-methanobenzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinoline-3-ium-7-one Chemical compound C([N@+]1(C)[C@@H]2CC=3C4=C(C(=CC=3)O)O[C@@H]3[C@]4([C@@]2(O)CCC3=O)CC1)C1CC1 JVLBPIPGETUEET-WIXLDOGYSA-O 0.000 description 3
- 125000003837 (C1-C20) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MBBZMMPHUWSWHV-BDVNFPICSA-N N-methylglucamine Chemical compound CNC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO MBBZMMPHUWSWHV-BDVNFPICSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- PGZRDDYTKFZSFR-ONTIZHBOSA-N U69593 Chemical compound C([C@@H]([C@H](C1)N2CCCC2)N(C)C(=O)CC=2C=CC=CC=2)C[C@]21CCCO2 PGZRDDYTKFZSFR-ONTIZHBOSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 3
- CYEBJEDOHLIWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanethioamide Chemical group NC=S CYEBJEDOHLIWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960002921 methylnaltrexone Drugs 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 3
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Classifications
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- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/47—Quinolines; Isoquinolines
- A61K31/485—Morphinan derivatives, e.g. morphine, codeine
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D221/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not provided for by groups C07D211/00 - C07D219/00
- C07D221/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not provided for by groups C07D211/00 - C07D219/00 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D221/22—Bridged ring systems
- C07D221/28—Morphinans
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- A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
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- A61P1/08—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system for nausea, cinetosis or vertigo; Antiemetics
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Description
Ra、Rb、Rcは、それぞれ独立して:
水素原子;
アリール基;置換されたアリール基;ヘテロアリール基;置換されたヘテロアリール基;
複素環式基又は置換された複素環式基;及び
O、S、若しくはNから選択される0、1、2、若しくは3個以上のヘテロ原子をそれぞれ含有する、置換された若しくは置換されていないアルキル基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、シクロアルキル基、又はシクロアルケニル基から選択されるか;
あるいは、Ra、Rb及びRcは、結合される原子と一緒になって、複素環式基又は置換された複素環式基を形成し;
Qaは、存在しないか、あるいは、(C=O)、(SO2)、(C=NH)、(C=S)、又は(CONRa)から選択され;
Wは、O、S、NORa又はNRaであり;
Yは、薬学的に許容可能な対イオンであり;例えば、Yは、酒石酸塩、クエン酸塩、塩化物又はメタンスルホン酸塩であることができ;
Qは、置換された若しくは置換されていない、飽和若しくは不飽和の脂肪族又は芳香族基、例えば置換された若しくは置換されていない、飽和若しくは不飽和のアルキル基(例えば、C1〜C20−アルキル基)、アルケニル基(例えば、C2〜C20−アルケニル基)、アルキニル基(例えば、C2〜C20−アルキニル基)、アリール基、ヘテロアリール基、ヘテロシクリル基、アリールアルキル基(例えば、そこでは、アリール基はC6〜C10−アリール基であり、アルキル基はC1〜C20−アルキル基である)、アリールアルケニル基、アリールアルキニル基又はヘテロアリールアルキル基(例えば、ベンジル基)である。或る実施態様においては、Qは、アルキル基又はベンジル基であり;
R2及びR2aは、独立して、水素原子、アルキル基、アリール基、アリールアルキル基、ヘテロアリール基、ヒドロキシ基、アミノ基、又はアルコキシ基(好ましくは、水素原子)であるか、あるいは、R2及びR2aが一緒になって、=Oであり;
Rは、水素原子であるか、あるいは、置換された若しくは置換されていない、飽和若しくは不飽和の脂肪族又は芳香族基、例えば低級アルキル基、アルケニル基、アリール基、ヘテロシクリル基、ベンジル基、ヒドロキシアルキル基及び−CH2R3から選択され;
R3は、水素原子、低級アルキル基、アルケニル基、アリール基、ヘテロシクリル基、ベンジル基及びヒドロキシアルキル基、例えばシクロアルキル基及びビニル基から選択され;
R4は、水素原子、ヒドロキシ基、アミノ基、低級アルコキシ基か、あるいは、置換された若しくは置換されていない、飽和若しくは不飽和の脂肪族又は芳香族基(例えば、C1〜C20アルキル基、並びに、ヒドロキシ基又はカルボニル基(例えば、オキソ基)で置換されるC1〜C20アルキル基)から選択され、好ましくは、水素原子及び3−オキソ−5−シクロペンチル−1−ペンタニル基であり;
R5は、水素原子、あるいは、置換された又は置換されていない低級アルキル基、好ましくは、置換されていない低級アルキル基、好ましくはメチル基又はエチル基であり;
R6は、置換された又は置換されていない低級アルキル基、好ましくは置換されていない低級アルキル基、好ましくはメチル基又はエチル基であり;
R7は、水素原子、ヒドロキシ基、アミノ基、低級アルコキシ基か、あるいは、置換された若しくは置換されていない、飽和若しくは不飽和の脂肪族又は芳香族基から選択され、好ましくは水素原子又はヒドロキシ基であるか;あるいは、
G、R4、R5、R6及び/又はR7が一緒になって、1〜3環又は3以上の環を形成することができ、前記環が場合により更なる置換基を有し、及び/又は
Q及びR3が一緒になって、1〜3環又は3以上の環を形成することができ、前記環が場合により更なる置換基を有し、及び/又は
Q及びR2が一緒になって、1〜3環又は3以上の環を形成することができ、前記環が場合により更なる置換基を有するものである。
前述の構造の下位分類としては下記のものが挙げられる:
II.R4、R5、R6及びR7が更なる環を形成しない、上に示す構造で表される2,6−メタノ−3−ベンゾアゾシン類;
好ましくは、R3は、水素原子、シクロプロピル基、シクロブチル基、フェニル基、ビニル基、ジメチルビニル基、ヒドロキシシクロプロピル基、フラニル基、及びテトラヒドロフラニル基から選択され;
R4は、水素原子、ヒドロキシ基、アミノ基、低級アルコキシ基、C1〜C20アルキル基、及びヒドロキシ基又はカルボニル基で置換されるC1〜C20アルキル基から選択され;
R5は、低級アルキル基であり;
R6は、低級アルキル基であり;
R7は、水素原子及びヒドロキシル基から選択される)
IIIa.R5及びR6が環を形成し、R7が水素原子であるモルフィナン類:
好ましくは、R19は、水素原子又は低級アルキル基であり;
R20は、水素原子、低級アルキル基及びヒドロキシ(低級アルキル)基から選択され;
R21は、水素原子であり;
R22は、水素原子、ヒドロキシ基、低級アルコキシ基及び−NR13R14から選択されるか;あるいは、R21及びR22が一緒になって、カルボニル置換基(=O)又はビニル置換基(=CH2)を形成するか;あるいは、R4及びR21が一緒になって、環を形成し;
R13及びR14は、独立して、水素原子、C1〜C6アルキル基及びC1〜C6アシル基から選択され;
R23は、水素原子、アルキル基(例えば、メチル基)であるか、又はR19及びR23が一緒になって、第2の結合を形成する)
IIIb.R5及びR6が環を形成し、R7がヒドロキシ基であるモルフィナン類:
IV.R5、R6及びR7が2環を形成するモルフィナン類:
V.R4及びR11が更に第6の環を形成し、その環が飽和又は不飽和のものであることができる(しかし完全には芳香族でない)モルフィナン類:
Aは、結合又はリンカー、例えば(CH2)n(式中、1以上のCH2を、−O−、シクロアルキル基又は−CR1aR1bにより置き換えることができる)であり;
R1a及びR1bは、独立して、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、低級アルキル基、低級アルコキシ基及び低級アルキルチオ基から選択され;
R10は、水素原子、あるいは、1又は2の置換基、例えば、独立して、水素原子、ヒドロキシル基、ハロゲン原子、(C1〜C6)アルキル基、(C1〜C6)アルコキシ基、ハロ(C1〜C6)アルキル基及びハロ(C1〜C6)アルコキシ基並びに(C1〜C6)アルキルチオ基から選択される残基であり;
R11は、H又は
A’はリンカー、例えば(CH2)m(式中、1以上のCH2を、−O−、シクロアルキル基、−CR1aR1b、−C(=O)−又は−NH−により置き換えることができる)であり;
R12は、水素原子及び低級アルキル基から選択され;
R15は、独立して、水素原子、ヒドロキシル基、ハロゲン原子、(C1〜C6)アルキル基、(C1〜C6)アルコキシ基、ハロ(C1〜C6)アルキル基及びハロ(C1〜C6)アルコキシ基並びに(C1〜C6)アルキルチオ基から選択される1又は2の残基であり;
mは、0又は整数1〜6であり;
nは、整数1〜6であり;
Q、Y、R2、R2a、R3、R4、R5、R6、及びR7は、上に定義したものである。
好ましくは、Qは、アルキル基及びベンジル基から選択される。
或る実施態様においては、Aは、CH2以外のものである)
を有する。
Ac = アセチル
BNB = 4−ブロモメチル−3−ニトロ安息香酸
Boc = t−ブチルオキシカルボニル
Bu = ブチル
c− = シクロ
CHO = チャイニーズハムスター卵巣
DAMGO = Tyr−ala−Gly−NMePhe−NHCH2OH
DBU = ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]ウンデク−7−エン
DCM = ジクロロメタン = 塩化メチレン = CH2Cl2
DEAD = アゾジカルボン酸ジエチル
DIC = ジイソプロピルカルボジイミド
DIEA = N,N−ジイソプロピルエチルアミン
DMAP = 4−N,N−ジメチルアミノピリジン
DMF = N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド
DMSO = ジメチルスルホキシド
DOR = δオピオイド受容体
DPPF = 1,1’−ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)フェロセン
DVB = 1,4−ジビニルベンゼン
EC50 = 50%有効を与える薬物濃度
EEDQ = 2−エトキシ−1−エトキシカルボニル−1,2−ジヒドロキノリン
EGTA = エチレングリコール四酢酸
Emax = (薬物の)最大効果
Fmoc = 9−フルオレニルメトキシカルボニル
GC = ガスクロマトグラフィー
GI = 胃腸
HATU = ヘキサフルオロリン酸O−(7−アザベンゾトリアゾール−1−イル
)−1,1,3,3−テトラメチルウロニウム
HOAc = 酢酸
HOBt = ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール
IC50 = 50%阻害を与える薬物濃度
Imax = (薬物の)最大阻害
IP = 腹腔内
IV = 静脈内
KOR = κオピオイド受容体
Me = メチル
mesyl = メタンスルホニル
mNTX = メチル−ナルトレキソン
MOR = μオピオイド受容体
MRL = 最大反応潜時
MTBE = メチルt−ブチルエーテル
NMO = N−メチルモルホリンオキシド
NOESY = 核オーバーハウザー増進分光法
PD = 薬力学的(薬力学)
PEG = ポリエチレングリコール
PGE2 = プロスタグランジンE2
Ph = フェニル
PhOH = フェノール
PfP = ペンタフルオロフェノール
PK = 薬物動態学的(薬物動態学)
PO = 経口投与
PPTS = p−トルエンスルホン酸ピリジニウム
PyBroP = ヘキサフルオロリン酸ブロモ−トリス−ピロリジノ−ホスホニウム
rt = 室温
sat’d = 飽和
s− = 第二級
SC v = 皮下
t− = 第三級
TBDMS = t−ブチルジメチルシリル
TFA = トリフルオロ酢酸
THF = テトラヒドロフラン
TMOF = オルトギ酸トリメチル
TMS = トリメチルシリル
tosyl = p−トルエンスルホニル
Trt = トリフェニルメチル
U50,488= κアゴニスト
実施例化合物を用いて、インビトロ及びインビボの研究を行なった。インビトロでは、これらの分子の受容体結合及び機能活性が明らかにされる。インビボの研究は、末梢神経系と中枢神経系との相対的な活性を実証するために行なった。或る実施例(化合物6)については、PGE2誘発性下痢のモルヒネ遮断を阻害する能力を説明するために薬物動態学研究を行なった。
本発明者らは、このシリーズの化合物のオピオイド受容体結合親和性を検討した。化合物をスクリーニングするために用いた結合アッセイは、以前にNeumeyer et al.,Design and Synthesis of Novel Dimeric Morphinan Ligands for κ and μ Opioid Receptors.J.Med.Chem.2003,46,5162.により報告されたアッセイと同様である。ヒトのオピオイド受容体の一つの型を安定して発現するCHO細胞からの膜タンパク質を、異なる12濃度の化合物とともに、1nM[3H]U69,593(κ)、0.25nM[3H]DAMGO(μ)又は0.2nM[3H]ナルトリンドール(δ)のいずれかの存在下に、最終容積1mLの50mMトリス−HCl(pH7.5)中、25℃でインキュベートした。[3H]U69,593及び[3H]DAMGOについては、60分のインキュベーション時間を用いた。[3H]ナルトリンドールの受容体との会合はもっと遅いので、この放射性リガンドについては、3時間のインキュベーションを用いた。[3H]ナルトリンドールとともにインキュベートした試料には更に、10mM MgCl2及び0.5mMフェニルメチルスルホニルフルオリドを含有させた。非特異的結合は、10μMナロキソンを含めることにより測定した。Brandelの48ウェルセルハーベスターを用いて、Schleicher & SchuellのNo.32ガラス繊維フィルターを通して試料を濾過することにより、結合を停止させた。その後、フィルターを、3mLの冷50mMトリス−HCl(pH7.5)で3回洗浄して、2mLのエコシンチAシンチレーション液中でカウントした。[3H]ナルトリンドール及び[3H]U69,593の結合については、フィルターを、使用前少なくとも60分間、0.1%ポリエチレンイミン中に浸漬した。IC50値は、対数プロビット解析への最小二乗適合により計算した。非放射性化合物のKi値は、方程式Ki=(IC50)/1+Sから計算した。この式中、S=(放射性リガンド濃度)/(放射性リガンドのKd)である。データは、3回ずつ行なう少なくとも3実験の平均値±SEMである。
化合物をスクリーニングするために用いたアッセイは、以前にWentland et al.,“Redefining the structure−activity relationships of 2,6−methano−3−benzazocines.Part4.Opioid receptor binding properties of 8−[N−(4’−phenyl)−phenethyl)carboxamido]analogues of cyclazocine and EKC”J.Med.Chem.2006,49,5635.により報告されたアッセイと同様である。最終容積0.5mL中で、異なる12濃度の各試験化合物を、ヒトのκ、δ又はμオピオイド受容体のいずれかを安定して発現するCHO細胞膜15μg(κ)、10μg(δ)又は7.5μg(μ)とともにインキュベートした。アッセイ緩衝液は、50mMトリス−HCl(pH7.4)、3mM MgCl2、0.2mM EGTA、3μM GDP、及び100mM NaClからなっていた。[35S]GTPγSの最終濃度は0.080nMであった。非特異的結合は、10μM GTPγSを含めることにより測定した。結合は、膜の添加により開始した。30℃で60分のインキュベーション後、Schleicher & SchuellのNo.32ガラス繊維フィルターを通して、試料を濾過した。フィルターを冷50mMトリス−HCl(pH7.5)で3回洗浄して、2mLのエコシンチシンチレーション液中でカウントした。データは、3回ずつ行なう少なくとも3つの別個の実験の平均Emax及びEC50値±S.E.M.である。Emax値の計算については、基礎の[35S]GTPγS結合を0%に設定した。μオピオイド受容体における化合物のアンタゴニスト活性を定量するために、μオピオイド受容体を発現するCHO膜を、200nMのμアゴニストDAMGO存在下に、異なる12濃度の化合物とともにインキュベートした。κオピオイド受容体における化合物のアンタゴニスト活性を定量するために、κオピオイド受容体を発現するCHO膜を、100nMのκアゴニストU50,488存在下に、化合物とともにインキュベートした。化合物がδ受容体におけるアンタゴニストであるかどうかを決定するために、δ受容体を発現するCHO膜を、10nMのδ選択的アゴニストSNC80存在下に、異なる12濃度の試験化合物とともにインキュベートした。
新規な末梢作用性オピオイドアンタゴニストの効果を評価するために、本発明者らは、腸運動性のPGE2(プロスタグランジンの一種)モデルを用いた。PGE2は、マウスに腹腔内(IP)注射(0.1mg/kg)して15分以内に下痢を引き起こす。モルヒネ(1mg/kg)による前処理(30分)で、この効果が遮断される。本発明者らは、末梢作用性オピオイドアンタゴニストが下痢のモルヒネによる遮断を阻害する能力を試験した。
市販のテイルフリック装置(Columbus Instruments,Columbus,OH)を用いて、急性熱刺激に対する抗侵害受容を評価した。テイルフリック試験は、主として末梢性反射反応アッセイであることを意味する。この標準モデルにおいては、マウスを穏やかに拘束して、その尾を熱ビーム上に置く。ビームのスイッチを入れる(瞬間的にオンにする;9.3ワット)とすぐに、反射的に尾を振り動かす(flick)のに必要な時間を記録する。最大反応潜時(maximum response latency;MRL)を10秒に設定して、より長い暴露時間に伴う熱損傷を避ける。10秒後に反応がない場合、マウスを取り出して、最大反応潜時(MRL;10秒)を記録する。
市販のホットプレート装置(Columbus Instruments,Columbus,OH)を用いて、急性熱刺激に対する抗侵害受容を評価した。ホットプレート試験は、脊柱上の侵害受容アッセイであることを意味する。ホットプレートの手順は、各マウスを加熱表面上に置くこと及びタイマーを始動させることを含む。マウスを個別にホットプレート(25.4cmx25.4cm,動物が逃げるのを防ぐためアクリル箱で囲む);表面温度=55℃)上に置いて、どちらか一方の後足をなめる反応潜時を記録した。最大反応潜時(MRL)を60秒に設定して、より長い暴露時間に伴う潜在性熱損傷を避ける。マウスが熱に反応してどちらか一方の後足をなめるとき、又は60秒が経過した後、マウスを加熱表面から取り出す。反応に対する潜時を記録して、マウスをホームケージに戻す。
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