JP5566665B2 - Method of drilling natural ground and mud accelerator used therefor - Google Patents

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a drilling method for drilling a natural ground using a drill in tunnel construction and the like, and a drainage accelerator for promoting drainage from a hole by blending with drilling water during the drilling. is there.

  Generally, in tunnel construction, a drill hole is used to drill a mounting hole for a lock bolt or an anchor bolt, an explosive loading hole, or the like in a natural ground (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  At that time, a method is used in which a large amount of water is used as the perforated water, and the perforated water is discharged while discharging the dust with the water pressure. However, such a conventional drilling method has a problem that the hole wall is peeled off and the natural ground is liable to loosen because the amount of drilled water is large. In particular, in clayey grounds that contain a lot of clay minerals, the amount of drill powder attached to the drill bit attached to the tip of the drill drill increases and is difficult to remove due to its viscosity. It tends to increase further.

  Patent Document 1 proposes drilling using an aqueous solution containing a natural polymer material, semi-synthetic polymer material or synthetic polymer material as drilling water in a long steel pipe fore-piling method in tunnel construction. . In this drilling technology, the polymer material blended in the drilling water collides with the dust and simultaneously mixes with the dust, and adheres to the surface of the hole wall, thereby suppressing the intrusion of water into the ground. In order to reduce the looseness of natural ground. Therefore, the polymer substance used in the document is generally used as a pressure-sensitive adhesive or a thickener, and adheres the dust to the surface of the hole wall due to its adhesiveness.

  In Patent Document 2, when drilling in tunnel construction, using a foaming agent made of a mixture of sodium polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, the drilling water is made into a foam and drilled while jetting it to the excavation site. Has been proposed to do. In this perforation technique, it is said that the amount of water used can be reduced by perforating with air bubbles to suppress the fall of the hole wall and enable stable perforation.

  In the drilling techniques disclosed in these documents, even if an effect such as reduction of drilled water can be obtained with respect to a normal ground, it is difficult to lead to the promotion of discharge of the dust. In particular, in viscous ground, in the drilling water containing the above-mentioned polymer material used as an adhesive or thickener, the viscosity of the muddy water that is mixed with the powder is increased. The powder is rather difficult to discharge.

JP 2000-34881 A JP 2009-102838 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and it is possible to improve the discharging performance of the dust, thereby improving the drilling efficiency, and a method for drilling a natural ground using the same. The purpose is to provide.

  The drainage accelerator according to the present invention is a drainage accelerator for promoting drainage mud from a hole by blending with drilling water when drilling in a natural ground, and in an aqueous 1N sodium chloride solution at 30 ° C. It contains at least one water-soluble polymer selected from a water-soluble cationic polymer having a measured intrinsic viscosity of 0.05 to 2.5 dl / g and a nonionic polymer.

  Further, the ground drilling method according to the present invention is a drilling method for drilling in a natural ground using a drill, and the intrinsic viscosity measured at 30 ° C. in a 1N sodium chloride aqueous solution is 0.05 to 2.5 dl / a drilling accelerator containing at least one water-soluble polymer selected from a water-soluble cationic polymer and a nonionic polymer that is g. It is a feature.

  According to the present invention, by drilling using the drilling liquid containing the above-described mud accelerator, the fluidity of the powder can be improved and the efficiency of discharging the powder can be improved. Therefore, the drilling speed can be improved and the drilling water can be reduced, and the drilling efficiency can be improved.

It is a conceptual diagram which shows an example of the drilling method.

  Hereinafter, matters related to the implementation of the present invention will be described in detail.

  The waste mud accelerator according to the present invention is at least one water-soluble selected from water-soluble cationic polymers and nonionic polymers having an intrinsic viscosity (30 ° C., 1N-NaCl) of 0.05 to 2.5 dl / g. It contains a polymer. With such water-soluble nonionic or cationic polymer having a specific intrinsic viscosity, fine particles (clay particles for viscous ground) are aggregated in water to form large particles. It is thought that by separating from water by increasing the size of the particles, the viscosity is lowered and the fluidity of the powder can be improved. Therefore, by blending and using such a water-soluble polymer in the perforated water, the fluidity of the dust can be improved and the discharge of the dust from the drilled holes, that is, the mud can be promoted. .

The intrinsic viscosity is calculated by the following formula by preparing a 1N-NaCl solution of a sample (water-soluble polymer), measuring the flow time (30 ° C.) with a Canon Fenske viscometer.

  In the present invention, the intrinsic viscosity is in the range of 0.05 to 2.5 dl / g. This means that a coagulant having a lower degree of polymerization than a flocculant generally used for water purification treatment such as tap water is used. By using such a low degree of polymerization cation or nonionic polymer, It is possible to improve the evacuation performance of the chestnut powder. When the intrinsic viscosity is less than 0.05 dl / g, the degree of polymerization is too low and the cohesiveness is poor, and the effect of improving the fluidity of the powder is poor. On the other hand, when the intrinsic viscosity exceeds 2.5 dl / g, the effect of imparting viscosity as a water-soluble polymer is increased, and the discharging performance of the powder is impaired. If the height is too high, the drilling workability may be impaired. The intrinsic viscosity is more preferably 0.1 to 1.5 dl / g.

  As the water-soluble polymer, various cationic polymers and nonionic polymers can be used as long as the intrinsic viscosity (30 ° C., 1N-NaCl) is 0.05 to 2.5 dl / g, and any one of them can be used. Or it can use in combination of 2 or more types. Preferred examples of the cationic polymer include dialkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylate quaternized or hydrochloride polymers, dialkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylamide quaternized or hydrochloride polymers, and dimethyldiallylammonium chloride. Examples of the nonionic polymer include a (meth) acrylamide polymer. In the present specification, “(meth) acrylate” means acrylate and / or methacrylate, and similarly, “(meth) acrylamide” means acrylamide and / or methacrylamide.

  The (meth) acrylamide polymer is a polymer of (meth) acrylamide, and polyacrylamide and polymethacrylamide are preferably used. The (meth) acrylamide includes N-substituted (meth) acrylamide derivatives such as dimethylacrylamide. Moreover, as long as the effect of this invention is not impaired, the copolymer with other vinyl-type monomers, such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and acrylic acid ester, may be sufficient.

  Examples of the quaternized product or hydrochloride polymer of the dialkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylate include a quaternary product of an alkyl halide or aralkyl halide of a dialkyl (C1-3) aminoalkyl (C2-4) (meth) acrylate. And a polymer of hydrochloride of dialkyl (C1-3) aminoalkyl (C2-4) (meth) acrylate. Here, as the dialkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylate, for example, N, N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, N, N-diethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, N, N-dimethylaminopropyl (meth) acrylate, Examples thereof include N, N-diethylaminopropyl (meth) acrylate. Examples of the alkyl halide for quaternization include methyl chloride, ethyl chloride, methyl bromide, ethyl bromide, methyl iodide, ethyl iodide and the like, and examples of aralkyl halide include benzyl chloride, benzyl bromide and the like. . Among these, dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate methyl chloride quaternized polymer is preferably used, and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate methyl chloride quaternized homopolymer is particularly preferably used. As long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired, a copolymer with other vinyl monomers such as acrylamide, methacrylamide, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylate ester, dimethyldiallylammonium chloride may be used.

  Examples of the quaternized product or hydrochloride polymer of the dialkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylamide include the weight of a quaternized product of an alkyl halide or aralkyl halide of dialkyl (C1-3) aminoalkyl (C2-4) (meth) acrylamide. And a polymer of hydrochloride of dialkyl (C1-3) aminoalkyl (C2-4) (meth) acrylamide. Here, as the dialkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylamide, for example, N, N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylamide, N, N-diethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylamide, N, N-dimethylaminopropyl (meth) acrylamide, N, N-diethylaminopropyl (meth) acrylamide and the like can be mentioned. Examples of the alkyl halide for quaternization include methyl chloride, ethyl chloride, methyl bromide, ethyl bromide, methyl iodide, ethyl iodide and the like, and examples of aralkyl halide include benzyl chloride, benzyl bromide and the like. .

  As the dimethyldiallylammonium chloride polymer, poly (dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) is preferably used. However, as long as the effect of the present invention is not impaired, it is a co-polymerization with other vinyl monomers such as acrylamide, methacrylamide, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylate ester, quaternized dialkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylate or hydrochloride. It may be a polymer.

  In addition to the water-soluble polymer, the mud accelerator according to the present invention can appropriately contain additives such as an antifoaming agent as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.

  The above mud accelerator is for promoting the mud from the hole when drilling in the natural ground in tunnel construction, etc. It is not limited and can be applied to a known drilling method.

  That is, when tunnel drilling is used to form rock bolt and anchor bolt mounting holes, explosive loading holes, etc., in a natural ground in tunnel construction, the above-mentioned mud accelerator is blended into the drilling water, and the blended drilling water is added. Drilling with a drilling drill may be performed while spraying to the drilling site. A drilling drill used for this type of drilling generally has an injection port for injecting drilled water at or near the drill bit at the tip, so that the drill bit is used to spray the drilling water to the drilling site. Can be perforated.

  FIG. 1 shows an example of a drilling method, which is related to a long steel pipe fore-pyring method. In this example, the drilling device comprises a drilling drill (1), a drilling bit (6) attached to its tip via a swivel joint (2), a pipe folder (7) and a rod (5), and a drilling drill ( 1) and a guide cell (9) for supporting the rod (5), the pipe folder (7) and the long steel pipe (8). The swivel joint (2) is connected with a perforated water supply device for supplying perforated water. The perforated water supply device includes a perforated water tank (10), a pressure pump (11), and a flow rate adjusting device (12). And comprising.

  In the long steel pipe fore-piling method, prior to tunnel excavation, a plurality of (usually about 20 to 30) holes are drilled in the natural ground at almost regular intervals on the outer periphery of the tunnel, and a long steel pipe having a diameter of about 100 mm, which is a receiving material. Place (8). At that time, the drill water containing the mud accelerator is pumped at a high pressure from the drill water tank (10) by the pump (11), supplied to the rod (5) through the swivel joint (2), and the rod ( 5) Sprayed from the drill bit (6) at the tip. The perforation bit (6) perforates the natural ground (20) while jetting the perforated water mixed with the mud accelerator. By blending the drainage accelerator with the drilling water, drainage from the holes (21) is promoted, and the drilling efficiency such as improvement of drilling speed and reduction of drilling water can be improved. The drilling method shown in FIG. 1 is merely an example and does not limit the present invention.

  A natural ground with few clay minerals may be used as a natural ground to be drilled, but a viscous ground with a high amount of clay minerals can also be targeted. Particularly preferably used. As described above, in viscous ground, water alone has a large amount of dust powder attached to the perforation bit, and it is difficult to remove it. This is because the fluidity is improved, the adhesion to the perforated bid can be suppressed, and the discharge from the hole can be promoted.

  The cohesive ground is not particularly limited, but includes natural ground made of slate, serpentine, mudstone, shale, shale, andesite, volcanic ash clay. In particular, it is suitable for viscous ground made of slate.

  The blending concentration of the mud accelerator in the drilling water is not particularly limited, but it is preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight, more preferably 1 to 3% by weight, with the concentration of the water-soluble polymer. %. As the perforated water, an aqueous solution in which the above-described waste mud accelerator is added and dissolved in water is usually used, but other additives other than the waste mud accelerator are blended within a range not impairing the effects of the present invention. May be.

  Moreover, the supply amount of the drilling water at the time of drilling is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately set according to the composition of the natural ground to be drilled, the diameter of the hole to be drilled, and the like, for example, about 20 to 200 liters per minute It can be.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example and a comparative example demonstrate this invention further more concretely, this invention is not limited to these Examples at all.

[Synthesis of Drug a]
A 2 liter separable flask was charged with 400 g of a 50 wt% acrylamide aqueous solution, 10 g of sodium hypophosphite, 0.04 g of triethanolamine, 0.3 g of ammonium persulfate, and 600 g of distilled water, and 75 ° C. × 4 hours under flowing nitrogen. By reacting, polyacrylamide was obtained as the drug a. The resulting polyacrylamide had an intrinsic viscosity (30 ° C., 1N-NaCl) of 0.15 dl / g.

[Synthesis of Drug b]
A polyacrylamide was obtained as the drug b by synthesizing in the same manner as the drug a except that the sodium hypophosphite was changed to 6 g. The resulting polyacrylamide had an intrinsic viscosity (30 ° C., 1N-NaCl) of 0.31 dl / g.

[Synthesis of Drug c]
A 2 liter separable flask was charged with 250 g of a 78 wt% dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate / methyl chloride quaternized aqueous solution, 0.12 g of sodium hypophosphite, 2.5 g of ammonium persulfate, and 250 g of distilled water. After reacting at 4 ° C. for 4 hours, cooling and 500 g of distilled water were added to obtain a dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate / methyl chloride quaternized homopolymer as drug c. The intrinsic viscosity (30 ° C., 1N—NaCl) of the obtained polymer was 1.05 dl / g.

[Synthesis of Drug d]
A poly (dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) as a drug d was obtained by synthesizing in the same manner as the drug c except that sodium hypophosphite was changed to 0.6 g. The intrinsic viscosity (30 ° C., 1N—NaCl) of the obtained polymer was 0.62 dl / g.

[Synthesis of Drug e]
A 2-liter separable flask was charged with 310 g of 65 wt% diallyldimethylammonium chloride aqueous solution, 2.0 g of sodium hypophosphite, 2.5 g of ammonium persulfate, and 190 g of distilled water, and reacted at 75 ° C. for 4 hours under nitrogen flow. Then, 500 g of cooled and distilled water was added to obtain poly (dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) as the drug e. The intrinsic viscosity (30 ° C., 1N—NaCl) of the obtained polymer was 0.22 dl / g.

[Synthesis of Drug f]
A poly (dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) as a drug f was obtained by synthesizing in the same manner as the drug e except that sodium hypophosphite was changed to 0.02 g. The intrinsic viscosity (30 ° C., 1N—NaCl) of the obtained polymer was 2.13 dl / g.

[Synthesis of Drug g]
A poly (dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) as a drug g was obtained by synthesizing in the same manner as the drug e except that sodium hypophosphite was changed to 20 g. The intrinsic viscosity (30 ° C., 1N—NaCl) of the obtained polymer was 0.02 dl / g.

Same as [Synthesis].

[Synthesis of drug h]
A 2-liter separable flask was charged with 160 g of 65% by weight diallyldimethylammonium chloride aqueous solution, 0.002 g of sodium hypophosphite, 1.3 g of ammonium persulfate, and 80 g of distilled water, and reacted at 75 ° C. for 4 hours under nitrogen flow. Then, 760 g of cooled and distilled water was added to obtain poly (dimethyldiallylammonium chloride) as drug h. The intrinsic viscosity (30 ° C., 1N—NaCl) of the obtained polymer was 3.48 dl / g.

[Laboratory evaluation]
The following mud fluidity evaluation tests were carried out in the laboratory in order to evaluate the mud accelerating effect assuming the drilling of natural ground for the agents a to h and i and j below.

Drug i: sodium polyacrylate (weight average molecular weight = 1,000,000), “AQUALIC IH” manufactured by Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.
・ Drug j: Sodium polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate, “Hitenol 325L” manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.

・ Mud soil fluidity evaluation test Assuming a natural ground made of slate, mud obtained by crushing Hokkaido slate is taken as the target mud, 30 g of the target mud is weighed into a 300 mL plastic container, and 0.8 g (pure) of the drug is taken. Added. 20 g of water was added thereto and mixed well with a glass rod, and the amount of water (amount of water including 20 g added first) at which smooth fluidity was obtained when the plastic container was tilted 90 ° was measured. While adding 1 g of water, it was evaluated whether the above fluidity was obtained each time. As a control, Comparative Test Example 1 was prepared by using well water as it was without adding any chemicals.

  The results are as shown in Table 1, and in the case of Test Examples 1 to 6 using the drugs a to f, the amount of water until smooth fluidity is obtained is small compared to Comparative Test Example 1 as a control, The effect of promoting mud drainage was expected.

On the other hand, in Comparative Test Example 2 using a water-soluble polymer having an intrinsic viscosity as small as 0.02 dl / g, almost no improvement in fluidity was obtained compared to Comparative Test Example 1 as a control. In Comparative Test Example 3 using a water-soluble polymer having an intrinsic viscosity that is too large, a larger amount of water was required than in Comparative Test Example 1 as a control. Further, in Comparative Test Example 4 using a high molecular weight water-soluble anionic polymer, a large amount of water was required as in Comparative Test Example 3. In Comparative Test Example 5, although a temporary fluidity was obtained with an amount of water of 40 g, the foaming was large and the mud fluidity with respect to the viscous ground was inferior.

[Perforation test evaluation]
Using a hydraulic drifter “HD190” manufactured by Furukawa Rock Drill Co., Ltd. as a drilling machine, a drill with a diameter of 125 mm and a depth of 12.5 m was drilled in a natural ground made of slate in the Hokkaido area. In the perforation, the well water was blended with chemicals shown in the following Table 2 (details are the same as those in the laboratory evaluation) at the concentrations shown in the same table. The amount of perforated water supplied was 65 liters per minute, and the time required for one perforation (perforation time) and the amount of water (perforated water amount) were measured. Table 2 shows the results. The drilling time and the amount of drilling water are average values when two drills are drilled. In Comparative Example 1, the well water was used as perforated water without adding any chemicals.

As shown in Table 2, in Examples 1 to 4, the drilling time was significantly shortened and the drilling water amount was reduced compared to Comparative Example 1 in which the well water was used as the drilling water as it was. In general, in tunnel construction, if 20 to 30 drills are normally performed prior to one tunnel excavation as described above, it can be shortened by about 7 to 12 minutes as described above. It leads to shortening. Moreover, since the relationship between Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1 is substantially correlated with the above-described Test Examples 1, 3, 5, 6 and Comparative Test Example 1 of laboratory evaluation, mud flow in laboratory evaluation. In Comparative Test Examples 2 to 5 that were inferior in performance, it is clear that the effect of promoting mud drainage in actual drilling cannot be expected.

  The present invention is to improve the efficiency of discharging dust when a rock drill or anchor bolt mounting hole or gunpowder loading hole is loaded into a natural ground (especially a viscous natural ground) using a drilling drill in tunnel construction, for example. Can be suitably used.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Drilling drill, 2 ... Swivel joint, 5 ... Rod, 6 ... Drilling bit, 7 ... Pipe folder, 8 ... Long steel pipe, 9 ... Guide cell, 10 ... Drilling water tank, 11 ... Pressure pump, 12 ... Flow control Device, 20 ... earth, 21 ... hole

Claims (3)

  A mud accelerator for accelerating mud from the holes by blending with drilling water when drilling in natural ground, and has an intrinsic viscosity of 0.05-2 measured at 30 ° C. in a 1N sodium chloride aqueous solution. A sludge accelerator containing at least one water-soluble polymer selected from a water-soluble cationic polymer and a nonionic polymer that is 5 dl / g.   The water-soluble polymer is a quaternized or hydrochloride polymer of dialkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylate, a quaternized or hydrochloride polymer of dialkylaminoalkyl (meth) acrylamide, a dimethyldiallylammonium chloride polymer, and The sludge accelerating agent according to claim 1, which is at least one selected from the group consisting of a (meth) acrylamide polymer.   A drilling method for drilling a natural ground using a drill, selected from water-soluble cationic polymers and nonionic polymers having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.05 to 2.5 dl / g measured at 30 ° C. in a 1N sodium chloride aqueous solution. A drilling method for a natural ground characterized in that a mud accelerator containing at least one water-soluble polymer is blended with drilling water and drilled with a drilling drill while jetting the blended drilling water.

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