JP5570780B2 - Method of drilling natural ground and mud accelerator used therefor - Google Patents

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a drilling method for drilling a natural ground using a drill in tunnel construction and the like, and a drainage accelerator for promoting drainage from a hole by blending with drilling water during the drilling. is there.

  Generally, in tunnel construction, a drill hole is used to drill a mounting hole for a lock bolt or an anchor bolt, an explosive loading hole, or the like in a natural ground (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

  At that time, a method is used in which a large amount of water is used as the perforated water, and the perforated water is discharged while discharging the dust with the water pressure. However, such a conventional drilling method has a problem that the hole wall is peeled off and the natural ground is liable to loosen because the amount of drilled water is large. In particular, in clayey grounds that contain a lot of clay minerals, the amount of drill powder attached to the drill bit attached to the tip of the drill drill increases and is difficult to remove due to its viscosity. It tends to increase further.

  Patent Document 1 proposes drilling using an aqueous solution containing a natural polymer material, semi-synthetic polymer material or synthetic polymer material as drilling water in a long steel pipe fore-piling method in tunnel construction. . In this drilling technology, the polymer material blended in the drilling water collides with the dust and simultaneously mixes with the dust, and adheres to the surface of the hole wall, thereby suppressing the intrusion of water into the ground. In order to reduce the looseness of natural ground. Therefore, the polymer substance used in the document is generally used as a pressure-sensitive adhesive or a thickener, and adheres the dust to the surface of the hole wall due to its adhesiveness.

  In Patent Document 2, when drilling in tunnel construction, using a foaming agent made of a mixture of sodium polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, the drilling water is made into a foam and drilled while jetting it to the excavation site. Has been proposed to do. In this perforation technique, it is said that the amount of water used can be reduced by perforating with air bubbles to suppress the fall of the hole wall and enable stable perforation.

  In the drilling techniques disclosed in these documents, even if an effect such as reduction of drilled water can be obtained with respect to a normal ground, it is difficult to lead to the promotion of discharge of the dust. In particular, in viscous ground, in the drilling water containing the above-mentioned polymer material used as an adhesive or thickener, the viscosity of the muddy water that is mixed with the powder is increased. The powder is rather difficult to discharge.

JP 2000-34881 A JP 2009-102838 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and it is possible to improve the discharging performance of the dust, thereby improving the drilling efficiency, and a method for drilling a natural ground using the same. The purpose is to provide.

The mud accelerator according to the present invention is a mud accelerator for promoting mud from a hole by blending with drilling water when drilling in a natural ground, and a naphthalene sulfonic acid formalin condensate salt is added . It contains.

Further, the method for drilling a natural ground according to the present invention is a method for drilling a natural ground using a drill, and blending a drainage accelerator containing naphthalenesulfonic acid formalin condensate salt into the drilled water, It is characterized by drilling with a drill drill while spraying the drilled water.

  According to the present invention, by drilling using the drilling liquid containing the above-described mud accelerator, the fluidity of the powder can be improved and the efficiency of discharging the powder can be improved. Therefore, the drilling speed can be improved and the drilling water can be reduced, and the drilling efficiency can be improved.

It is a conceptual diagram which shows an example of the drilling method.

  Hereinafter, matters related to the implementation of the present invention will be described in detail.

  The mud accelerator according to the present invention contains at least one selected from a naphthalenesulfonic acid formalin condensate salt, a lignin sulfonate salt, and an acrylic polymer salt having a weight average molecular weight of 500 to 50,000. (Hereinafter, these may be collectively referred to as “component A”). These compounds are anionic dispersants that improve the dispersibility of the powder in water. That is, it is considered that the particles adsorb around the dust particles (or clay particles in the case of viscous ground) and improve the dispersibility of the particles by their ion repulsion. Therefore, by mixing these with drilled water, it is possible to improve the fluidity of the dust and thus promote the discharge of the dust from the excavated hole, that is, drainage. .

  As the naphthalenesulfonic acid formalin condensate salt, those prepared in accordance with a known production method can be used. For example, after naphthalene is sulfonated using a sulfonating agent such as concentrated sulfuric acid or fuming sulfuric acid, formaldehyde is used. It is obtained by neutralizing with an alkali agent through a conventional condensation reaction step.

  The salt of naphthalenesulfonic acid formalin condensate includes alkali metal salts such as sodium salts and potassium salts, alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salts and magnesium salts, alcohol amines such as ammonium salts, mono-, di- and triethanolamine salts. Various water-soluble salts such as salts are included. Among these, an alkali metal salt is preferable, and a sodium salt is particularly preferable.

  The molecular weight of the naphthalene sulfonic acid formalin condensate salt is not particularly limited as long as the dispersibility of the powdered powder in water can be improved, but preferably a weight average molecular weight of 1,000 to 50,000 is used. Yes, more preferably from 2,000 to 20,000. Here, the weight average molecular weight is measured by gel permeation chromatography (standard substance: polystyrene sulfonate soda).

  As such naphthalene sulfonic acid formalin condensate salt, for example, “Labelin FHL”, “Labelin AN-40”, “Cellflow 120”, etc., manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd. are commercially available. You can also.

  As said lignin sulfonate, what can be byproduced at the time of wood pulp manufacture can be used, for example. Examples of lignin sulfonic acid salts include alkali metal salts such as sodium salts and potassium salts, alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salts and magnesium salts, alcohol amine salts such as ammonium salts, mono-, di- and triethanolamine salts. Can be mentioned. Among these, alkali metal salts such as sodium salts, alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium salts and magnesium salts are preferable, and mixed salts thereof may be used.

  As such lignin sulfonates, for example, “Vaniol ODP”, “Vaniol ODL”, “Vaniol NDP” manufactured by Nippon Paper Chemical Co., Ltd., “Ultrazine NA” manufactured by Borregagrd Industries Ltd., etc. are commercially available. Can also be used.

  As the acrylic polymer salt, those having a weight average molecular weight of 500 to 50,000 are used. By using an acrylic polymer salt having such a weight average molecular weight, the dispersibility of the powder can be improved. When the weight average molecular weight exceeds 50,000, the effect of imparting viscosity as a water-soluble polymer is increased, and the effect of promoting mud drainage due to improved dispersibility of the dust is not obtained. The weight average molecular weight is more preferably 3,000 to 20,000. Here, the weight average molecular weight is measured by gel permeation chromatography (standard substance: polyethylene oxide).

  In the present invention, the acrylic polymer is a polymer polymerized using an acrylic monomer which is a copolymerizable vinyl monomer having a carboxyl group, and the acrylic monomer and other vinyl monomers are polymerized. It may be a copolymer with a monomer. Examples of the acrylic monomer include acrylic acid, α-chloroacrylic acid, methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, maleic anhydride, maleic acid, fumaric acid, crotonic acid, citraconic acid, and mesaconic acid. Each can be used alone or in combination.

  Examples of the salt of the acrylic polymer include alkali metal such as sodium salt and potassium salt, alcohol amine salt such as ammonium salt, mono-, di- and triethanolamine salt.

  Specific examples of preferred acrylic polymer salts include polyacrylic acid salts such as sodium polyacrylate, acrylic acid-methacrylic acid copolymer salts such as sodium salt of acrylic acid-methacrylic acid copolymer, and styrene-anhydrous maleic acid. Examples thereof include styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer salts such as ammonium salts and sodium salts of acid copolymers.

  The waste mud accelerator according to the present invention may further contain an inorganic salt as the B component together with the A component. By using an inorganic salt in combination, the dispersibility of the powder can be further increased. The reason is considered as follows. In other words, the clay mineral contained in the chopped powder has a layered shape, and when water is taken in between the layers, it swells and becomes viscous, but when an inorganic salt is added, the metal ion of the inorganic salt becomes the metal ion of the clay mineral. It is presumed that the ion exchange and the like makes it difficult for water to be taken in, and thus the swelling property of the clay mineral is reduced, resulting in a decrease in viscosity and an improvement in dispersibility.

  Preferred examples of the inorganic salt include condensed phosphates, aluminates, silicates, alkali metal chlorides and alkaline earth chlorides. Any of these may be used alone or in admixture of two or more.

  Examples of the condensed phosphate include polyphosphates such as diphosphate and triphosphate (tripolyphosphate), metaphosphates such as trimetaphosphate and tetrametaphosphate, and ultraphosphate. As such salts, alkali metal salts such as sodium salts and potassium salts are preferred.

  Examples of the aluminate include alkali metal salts of aluminate such as lithium aluminate, sodium aluminate, and potassium aluminate, among which sodium aluminate is preferable.

  Examples of the silicate include metasilicates such as sodium metasilicate and potassium metasilicate, and orthosilicates such as sodium orthosilicate and potassium orthosilicate.

  Examples of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal chlorides include lithium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, and magnesium chloride.

  In the waste mud accelerator according to the present invention, the blending ratio A / B of the dispersant of the component A and the inorganic salt of the component B is not particularly limited, but is 1/0 to 1/4 by weight ratio. Is preferable, more preferably 3/1 to 1/3, still more preferably 2/1 to 1/2.

  The mud accelerator according to the present invention can appropriately contain additives such as an antifoaming agent as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired, in addition to the A component and the B component.

  The above mud accelerator is for promoting the mud from the hole when drilling in the natural ground in tunnel construction, etc. It is not limited and can be applied to a known drilling method.

  That is, when tunnel drilling is used to form rock bolt and anchor bolt mounting holes, explosive loading holes, etc., in a natural ground in tunnel construction, the above-mentioned mud accelerator is blended into the drilling water, and the blended drilling water is added. Drilling with a drilling drill may be performed while spraying to the drilling site. A drilling drill used for this type of drilling generally has an injection port for injecting drilled water at or near the drill bit at the tip, so that the drill bit is used to spray the drilling water to the drilling site. Can be perforated.

  FIG. 1 shows an example of a drilling method, which is related to a long steel pipe fore-pyring method. In this example, the drilling device comprises a drilling drill (1), a drilling bit (6) attached to its tip via a swivel joint (2), a pipe folder (7) and a rod (5), and a drilling drill ( 1) and a guide cell (9) for supporting the rod (5), the pipe folder (7) and the long steel pipe (8). The swivel joint (2) is connected with a perforated water supply device for supplying perforated water. The perforated water supply device includes a perforated water tank (10), a pressure pump (11), and a flow rate adjusting device (12). And comprising.

  In the long steel pipe fore-piling method, prior to tunnel excavation, a plurality of (usually about 20 to 30) holes are drilled in the natural ground at almost regular intervals on the outer periphery of the tunnel, and a long steel pipe having a diameter of about 100 mm, which is a receiving material. Place (8). At that time, the drill water containing the mud accelerator is pumped at a high pressure from the drill water tank (10) by the pump (11), supplied to the rod (5) through the swivel joint (2), and the rod ( 5) Sprayed from the drill bit (6) at the tip. The perforation bit (6) perforates the natural ground (20) while jetting the perforated water mixed with the mud accelerator. By blending the drainage accelerator with the drilling water, drainage from the holes (21) is promoted, and the drilling efficiency such as improvement of drilling speed and reduction of drilling water can be improved. The drilling method shown in FIG. 1 is merely an example and does not limit the present invention.

  A natural ground with few clay minerals may be used as a natural ground to be drilled, but a viscous ground with a high amount of clay minerals can also be targeted. Particularly preferably used. As described above, in viscous ground, water alone has a large amount of dust powder attached to the perforation bit, and it is difficult to remove it. This is because the fluidity is improved, the adhesion to the perforated bid can be suppressed, and the discharge from the hole can be promoted.

  The cohesive ground is not particularly limited, but includes natural ground made of serpentinite, slate, mudstone, shale, shale, andesite, volcanic ash clay. In particular, it is suitable for viscous grounds composed of serpentine.

  The blending concentration of the mud accelerator in the drilling water is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight, more preferably 1 to 3% by weight in terms of the concentration of the component A. It is. As the perforated water, an aqueous solution in which the above-described waste mud accelerator is added and dissolved in water is usually used, but other additives other than the waste mud accelerator are blended within a range not impairing the effects of the present invention. May be.

  Moreover, the supply amount of the drilling water at the time of drilling is not particularly limited, and can be appropriately set according to the composition of the natural ground to be drilled, the diameter of the hole to be drilled, and the like, for example, about 20 to 200 liters per minute It can be.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example and a comparative example demonstrate this invention further more concretely, this invention is not limited to these Examples at all.

[Laboratory evaluation]
The following mud fluid fluidity evaluation test was carried out in the laboratory in order to evaluate the mud accelerating effect assuming the drilling of natural ground for the chemicals a to q below.

Drug a: Naphthalenesulfonic acid formalin condensate sodium salt (weight average molecular weight = 5,000), “Labelin FHL” manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.
Drug b: sodium lignin sulfonate, “Vaniol ODP” manufactured by Nippon Paper Chemicals Co., Ltd.
Drug c: styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer ammonium salt (weight average molecular weight = 5,500), “DKS Discoat N-10” manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.
Drug d: sodium polyacrylate (weight average molecular weight = 10,000), “Charol AN-103P” manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.
Agent e: styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer ammonium salt of c above / sodium tripolyphosphate = 5/5 (weight ratio)
Drug f: styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer ammonium salt of c above / sodium chloride = 5/5 (weight ratio)
Agent g: styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer ammonium salt of c above / sodium metasilicate = 5/5 (weight ratio)
Drug h: Naphthalene sulfonic acid formalin condensate sodium salt of the above a / sodium tripolyphosphate = 5/5 (weight ratio)
Drug i: Naphthalenesulfonic acid formalin condensate sodium salt / sodium chloride = 5/5 (weight ratio)
Drug j: Naphthalenesulfonic acid formalin condensate sodium salt a / sodium metasilicate = 5/5 (weight ratio)
Drug k: Naphthalenesulfonic acid formalin condensate sodium salt of the above a / sodium aluminate = 5/5 (weight ratio)
Drug l: Naphthalenesulfonic acid formalin condensate sodium salt / magnesium chloride = 5/5 (weight ratio)
Drug m: sodium lignin sulfonate / sodium tripolyphosphate of b above = 5/5 (weight ratio)
-Drug n: sodium lignin sulfonate / sodium metasilicate of b above = 5/5 (weight ratio)
Agent o: acrylic acid-methacrylic acid copolymer sodium salt (weight average molecular weight = 10,000), “Bunster S5” manufactured by Chubu Seiden Co., Ltd.
Drug p: Naphthalenesulfonic acid formalin condensate sodium salt (weight average molecular weight = 17,000), “Cell Flow 120” manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.
Drug q: sodium polyacrylate (weight average molecular weight = 1,000,000), “AQUALIC IH” manufactured by Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.
・ Drug r: Sodium polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate, “Hitenol 325L” manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.

・ Mud soil fluidity evaluation test Assuming a natural mountain made of serpentine, mud obtained by pulverizing Hokkaido serpentinite is taken as the target mud, and 30 g of the target mud is weighed into a 300 mL plastic container and 0.4 g of drug (pure content) ) Was added. 20 g of water was added thereto and mixed well with a glass rod, and the amount of water (amount of water including 20 g added first) at which smooth fluidity was obtained when the plastic container was tilted 90 ° was measured. While adding 1 g of water, it was evaluated whether the above fluidity was obtained each time. As a control, Comparative Test Example 1 was prepared by using well water as it was without adding any chemicals.

  The results are as shown in Table 1, and in the case of Test Examples 1 to 16 using the drugs a to p, the amount of water until smooth fluidity is obtained is small compared to Comparative Test Example 1 as a control, The effect of promoting mud drainage was expected.

On the other hand, in Comparative Test Example 2, although fluidity was temporarily obtained with an amount of water of 35 g, smooth fluidity as in Test Examples 1 to 16 was not obtained because of high viscosity. In Comparative Test Example 3, a temporary fluidity was obtained with an amount of water of 32 g, but the foaming was large. Therefore, both the comparative test examples 2 and 3 were inferior to the mud fluidity with respect to the viscous ground.

[Perforation test evaluation]
Using a hydraulic drifter “HD190” manufactured by Furukawa Rock Drill Co., Ltd. as a drilling machine, a drill with a diameter of 125 mm and a depth of 12.5 m was drilled in a natural ground made of serpentine in the Hokkaido area. In the perforation, the well water was blended with chemicals shown in the following Table 2 (details are the same as those in the laboratory evaluation) at the concentrations shown in the same table. The amount of perforated water supplied was 65 liters per minute, and the time required for one perforation (perforation time) and the amount of water (perforated water amount) were measured. Table 2 shows the results. The drilling time and the amount of drilling water are average values when two drills are drilled. In Comparative Example 1, the well water was used as perforated water without adding any chemicals.

As shown in Table 2, in Examples 1 to 7, the drilling time was significantly shortened and the drilling water amount was reduced compared to Comparative Example 1 in which the well water was used as the drilling water as it was. Generally, in tunnel construction, if 20 to 30 drills are normally performed prior to one tunnel excavation as described above, it can be shortened by about 6 to 10 minutes as described above. It leads to shortening. Moreover, since the relationship between Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Example 1 is substantially correlated with the above-described Test Examples 1 to 7 and Comparative Test Example 1 of laboratory evaluation, As for Test Examples 8 to 16 in which equivalent results were obtained, it was possible to expect an effect of promoting mud drainage equivalent to that of Examples 1 to 7 by actual drilling, and conversely, in comparison with the inferior mud fluidity in the laboratory evaluation. In Test Examples 2 and 3, it is clear that the effect of promoting mud draining in actual drilling cannot be expected.

  The present invention is to improve the efficiency of discharging dust when a rock drill or anchor bolt mounting hole or gunpowder loading hole is loaded into a natural ground (especially a viscous natural ground) using a drilling drill in tunnel construction, for example. Can be suitably used.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Drilling drill, 2 ... Swivel joint, 5 ... Rod, 6 ... Drilling bit, 7 ... Pipe folder, 8 ... Long steel pipe, 9 ... Guide cell, 10 ... Drilling water tank, 11 ... Pressure pump, 12 ... Flow control Device, 20 ... earth, 21 ... hole

Claims (3)

An exhaust mud accelerator containing a naphthalenesulfonic acid formalin condensate salt , which is a mud accelerator for promoting exhaust mud from a hole by blending with drilled water when drilling in a natural ground.   The waste mud accelerator according to claim 1, further comprising an inorganic salt. A drilling method for drilling in natural ground using a drill drill, in which a mud accelerator containing naphthalene sulfonic acid formalin condensate is blended with drilled water, and drilling with the drill drill while injecting the drilled drilled water A natural drilling method characterized by

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