JP2020124698A - Method for reforming mud, such as mixed sediment with drilling additives - Google Patents
Method for reforming mud, such as mixed sediment with drilling additives Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims description 48
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229920006318 anionic polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000008394 flocculating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 and at the same time Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、掘削添加剤混合土砂等の泥土の改質処理方法に関するものである。 TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method of modifying mud such as earth and sand mixed with an excavating additive.
従来、シールド工事、推進工事、浚渫工事のような建設工事等で発生する泥土、すなわち、高含水比の軟弱な土砂は、産業廃棄物として脱水処理した後、最終処分場に埋立てて廃棄処理されている。こうした泥土の処理は、脱水処理に経費がかかる上、脱水処理した泥土も、産業廃棄物として再利用することなく廃棄しなければならないため、著しく非経済的である。また、このように泥土を処理して廃棄するにしても、最近は、産業廃棄物の最終処分地の立地難が深刻化している。 Conventionally, mud generated in construction work such as shield work, propulsion work, dredging work, that is, soft soil with a high water content ratio is dehydrated as industrial waste and then landfilled at the final disposal site for disposal. Has been done. The treatment of such mud is extremely uneconomical because the dehydration treatment is expensive and the dehydrated mud must be discarded without being reused as industrial waste. Even if the mud is treated and disposed of in this way, recently, the difficulty of locating the final disposal site of industrial waste has become serious.
こうしたことを背景にして建設工事等で発生する泥土のリサイクルの必要性が高まっている。こうした要請から、これまで利用価値のなかった泥土について、施工業者自らが泥土の発生現場で改質剤を混合して改質処理を施すことにより、これを強度の高い一般建設残土と同等の土砂に改質して利用価値を創出し、改質処理現場から再利用先へと直接搬送して、路盤材、埋め戻し土、宅地造成土、盛土等の種々の用途に再利用する技術の開発が進められている（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。 Against this background, there is an increasing need for recycling mud generated during construction work. From such a request, the mud soil that has not been used until now is treated by the construction company by mixing it with a modifying agent at the mud generation site and applying a modification treatment to the soil, which is equivalent to high-strength general construction residual soil. Development of technology to create utility value by reforming to the base material, transport it directly from the site of the reforming treatment to the reuse destination, and reuse it for various purposes such as roadbed material, backfill soil, residential land reclamation soil, embankment (See, for example, Patent Document 1).
ところで、泥土の改質処理に用いる改質剤の代表的なものとして、アニオン性高分子凝集剤を挙げることができるが、シールド工事、推進工事等で用いられる掘削添加剤（界面活性剤やアニオン性の高分子系加泥材やカルボキシメチルセルロース（ＣＭＣ）等のアニオン性増粘剤やベントナイト）が多量に含まれる掘削土等では、アニオン性高分子凝集剤のみでは十分な改質ができず、搬送が可能な自立性を有する土砂への改質が困難な場合があった。
また、高濃度の掘削添加剤が注入された土砂に、アニオン性高分子凝集剤を用いて改質した土砂は、降雨等により起泡剤を構成するアニオン系界面活性剤が溶出し、泡立ちが問題になる場合や塑性流動性が発生する場合があった。
By the way, as a typical example of the modifier used for the modification treatment of mud, an anionic polymer flocculant can be mentioned. However, the drilling additive (surfactant or anion) used in shield construction, propulsion construction, etc. In excavated soil containing a large amount of anionic thickener such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and bentonite), it is not possible to sufficiently modify with anionic polymer flocculant alone. In some cases, it was difficult to modify the soil to have self-supporting property that can be transported.
In addition, the earth and sand injected with a high concentration of the drilling additive is modified with an anionic polymer flocculant, and the anionic surfactant that constitutes the foaming agent elutes due to rainfall etc. In some cases, there was a problem or plastic fluidity occurred.
また、アニオン性高分子凝集剤のみによって改質された土砂は、降雨等により起泡剤を構成する界面活性剤の溶出により、泡立ちのあるろ水が河川や地下水に流れ込むおそれや、海上埋立地での泡立ち、中間処理場での排土の分級処理等の中間処理時の泡の発生に伴う歩掛の低下等の二次的問題を引き起こすおそれがあった。 In addition, soil modified only with anionic polymer flocculants may cause foamy filtered water to flow into rivers and groundwater due to the elution of the surfactant that constitutes the foaming agent due to rainfall, etc. There is a risk of causing secondary problems such as foaming in the field and generation of bubbles in the intermediate treatment such as classification of soil discharged at the intermediate treatment plant, which leads to a decrease in the yield.
また、アニオン性高分子凝集剤のみによって改質された土砂は、高濃度の掘削添加剤が注入された高含水の汚泥では、運搬中に再泥化する運搬上の問題や降雨等による含水上昇によって塑性流動化によるトラフィカビリティの低下等による作業性の悪化を引き起こすおそれがあった。 In addition, soil modified by only anionic polymer flocculants is re-mudified during transportation in highly water-containing sludge in which a high concentration of drilling additives has been injected, and the water content rises due to rainfall, etc. Therefore, the workability may be deteriorated due to a decrease in trafficability due to plastic fluidization.
このような場合、アニオン性高分子凝集剤に代えて、カチオン価の高い、カチオン性高分子凝集剤を用いることによって改質を行うことができることが知られている（例えば、特許文献２参照。）が、カチオン価が高く、分子量の大きいカチオン性高分子凝集剤は、魚毒性が高く、改質後の土砂を再利用する場合にカチオン性高分子凝集剤が溶出することが問題視されていた。 In such a case, it is known that the modification can be performed by using a cationic polymer flocculant having a high cation value instead of the anionic polymer flocculant (for example, see Patent Document 2). ), a cationic polymer flocculant having a high cation value and a large molecular weight has high fish toxicity, and it has been considered a problem that the cationic polymer flocculant is eluted when the modified sand is reused. It was
また、本件出願人は、先に、両性高分子凝集剤を用いることによって、泥土の改質を行い、改質後の土砂の自立性の改善を行うことを提案している（特許文献３参照。）が、土質によっては、離水が発生したり、十分なトラフィカビリティの改善が得られない等の問題があった。 In addition, the applicant of the present application has previously proposed to modify the mud by using an amphoteric polymer flocculant and improve the self-supporting property of the modified sand (see Patent Document 3). However, depending on the soil quality, there were problems such as water separation and insufficient improvement of trafficability.
本発明は、上記のアニオン性高分子凝集剤の単独添加による自立性を有する土砂への改質が困難な泥土等の流動性を有する土砂、特に、アニオン性の高分子系加泥材やアニオン性気泡混合土砂等の泥土の改質処理方法に伴う問題点に鑑み、アニオン性高分子系加泥材やアニオン性増粘剤やベントナイト等を含有する掘削添加剤混合土砂等の泥土を、高分子凝集剤を添加することによって自立性を有する土砂への改質処理するに当たり、アニオン性の高分子系加泥材や起泡剤を構成するアニオン性界面活性剤の溶出に伴う二次的問題やカチオン性高分子凝集剤の使用による魚毒性の問題を解消でき、さらに、離水を起こさず、十分なトラフィカビリティが得られる掘削添加剤混合土砂等の泥土の改質処理方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention is a sediment having fluidity such as mud which is difficult to be modified into soil having self-sustaining property by adding the anionic polymer flocculant alone, in particular, an anionic polymer-based additive or anion. In view of the problems associated with the method for modifying mud soil such as mixed aerated soil, the mud soil such as excavated additive mixed sand containing anionic polymer mud material, anionic thickener, bentonite, etc. A secondary problem associated with the elution of anionic polymeric mud materials and anionic surfactants that make up the foaming agent in the modification treatment of self-sustaining earth and sand by adding a molecular flocculant And a cationic polymer flocculant can be used to solve the problem of fish toxicity, and to provide a method for modifying mud soil such as soil mixed with drilling additives that does not cause syneresis and provides sufficient trafficability. To aim.
上記目的を達成するため、本発明の混合土砂等の泥土の改質処理方法は、掘削添加剤混合土砂等の泥土に、両性高分子凝集剤を添加撹拌し、イオンコンプレックスによって水不溶性物質を生成させる掘削添加剤混合土砂等の泥土の改質処理方法であって、前記掘削添加剤混合土砂等の泥土に、アニオン性高分子凝集剤及び／又は無機系固化材を添加撹拌することで、掘削添加剤混合土砂等の泥土を、自立性を有する土砂に改質することを特徴とする
ここで、掘削添加剤混合土砂等の泥土への両性高分子凝集剤と、アニオン性高分子凝集剤及び／又は無機系固化材との添加撹拌の順序には特に制約はない。例えば、両性高分子凝集剤とアニオン性高分子凝集剤は、掘削添加剤混合土砂等の泥土に、個別に添加することも、同時に添加、具体的には、混合して１液化したものを添加することもできる。
In order to achieve the above object, the method for modifying mud such as mixed earth and sand of the present invention is to add agitation of an amphoteric polymer flocculant to mud such as excavated additive mixed earth and sand to produce a water-insoluble substance by an ion complex. A method of modifying mud such as excavated additive mixed earth and sand, wherein the anionic polymer flocculant and/or the inorganic solidifying material is added to the mud such as the excavated additive mixed earth and sand and stirred to excavate. It is characterized by modifying mud such as additive-mixed sand into self-supporting mud, where amphoteric polymer flocculant for mud such as drilling additive-mixed sediment, anionic polymer flocculant, and The order of addition and/or stirring with the inorganic solidifying material is not particularly limited. For example, the amphoteric polymer coagulant and the anionic polymer coagulant may be added individually or simultaneously to mud such as earth and sand mixed with drilling additives, specifically, mixed and liquefied. You can also do it.
この場合において、前記両性高分子凝集剤には、ｐＨ６〜８の中性域においてカチオンモル数がアニオンモル数を下回る重合比の両性高分子凝集剤を用いることができる。 In this case, as the amphoteric polymer flocculant, an amphoteric polymer flocculant having a polymerization ratio in which the number of moles of cations is less than the number of moles of anions in a neutral range of pH 6 to 8 can be used.
また、前記掘削添加剤混合土砂等の泥土は、アニオン性の高分子系加泥材及び／又はアニオン性界面活性剤を含有するものであったり、アニオン性増粘剤及び／又はベントナイトを含有するものを対象とすることができる。 In addition, the mud such as the soil mixed with the drilling additive contains an anionic polymer-based mud additive and/or an anionic surfactant, or contains an anionic thickener and/or bentonite. Things can be targeted.
本発明の混合土砂等の泥土の改質処理方法によれば、掘削添加剤混合土砂等の泥土に、両性高分子凝集剤を添加撹拌し、イオンコンプレックスによって水不溶性物質を生成させるとともに、アニオン性高分子凝集剤及び／又は無機系固化材を添加撹拌することで、アニオン性の高分子系加泥材、アニオン性界面活性剤、アニオン性増粘剤、ベントナイト等の掘削添加剤を含有する掘削添加剤混合土砂等の泥土を自立性を有する土砂に改質することができ、併せて、イオンコンプレックスによる水不溶化により、カチオン成分の溶出を抑制し、魚毒性の問題や起泡剤を構成する界面活性剤の溶出に伴う二次的問題を解消することができ、さらに、離水を起こさず、十分なトラフィカビリティを得ることができる。 According to the method for modifying treatment of mud such as mixed sediment of the present invention, the mud such as excavated additive mixed sediment is stirred with an amphoteric polymer flocculant to generate a water-insoluble substance by an ion complex, and an anionic property. Drilling containing drilling additives such as anionic polymeric mud additive, anionic surfactant, anionic thickener, bentonite, etc. by adding and stirring polymer flocculant and/or inorganic solidifying material Mud such as mixed sand with additives can be modified into self-sustaining soil, and at the same time, water insolubilization by ion complex suppresses elution of cationic components and constitutes a fish toxicity problem and foaming agent. It is possible to eliminate the secondary problem associated with the elution of the surfactant, and further, it is possible to obtain sufficient trafficability without causing water separation.
以下、本発明の混合土砂等の泥土の改質処理方法の実施の形態を、具体的な実施形態に基づいて説明する。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of a method for modifying mud such as mixed soil according to the present invention will be described based on a specific embodiment.
本発明の掘削添加剤混合土砂等の泥土の改質処理方法は、掘削添加剤混合土砂等の泥土に、両性高分子凝集剤を添加撹拌し、イオンコンプレックスによって水不溶性物質を生成させるとともに、アニオン性高分子凝集剤及び／又は無機系固化材を添加撹拌することで、アニオン性の高分子系加泥材、アニオン性界面活性剤（起泡剤）、アニオン性増粘剤、ベントナイト等の掘削添加剤を含有する掘削添加剤混合土砂等の泥土を、自立性を有する土砂に改質することができ、併せて、水不溶化により、カチオン成分の溶出を抑制し、掘削添加剤を構成するアニオン成分の溶出に伴う二次的問題やカチオン性高分子凝集剤の使用による魚毒性の問題を解消するようにし、さらに、離水を起こさず、十分なトラフィカビリティを得ることができるようにしたものである。 The method for modifying a mud such as the drilling additive mixed earth and sand of the present invention is a mud such as the drilling additive mixed earth and sand, which is stirred by adding an amphoteric polymer flocculant to generate a water-insoluble substance by an ion complex, and an anion. Excavation of anionic polymeric mud additives, anionic surfactants (foaming agents), anionic thickeners, bentonite, etc. by adding and stirring a water-soluble polymer flocculant and/or an inorganic solidifying material Mud such as excavated additive mixed sediment containing additive can be modified to be self-sustaining sediment, and at the same time, by water insolubilization, the elution of cationic components is suppressed, and the anion that constitutes the excavated additive It is intended to solve the secondary problem associated with the elution of components and the problem of fish toxicity due to the use of a cationic polymer flocculant, and also to obtain sufficient trafficability without causing syneresis. is there.
ここで、「自立性を有する土砂」とは、ダンプトラックを使用して土砂を改質処理現場から再利用先へと直接搬送することが可能な程度の土砂を意味し、より具体的には、ミニスランプ試験によるスランプ値が１．０ｃｍ以下及び／又はコーン指数が２００ｋＮ／ｍ２以上の土砂を意味する。
また、掘削添加剤混合土砂等の泥土への両性高分子凝集剤と、アニオン性高分子凝集剤及び／又は無機系固化材との添加撹拌の順序には特に制約はない。また、同時に添加撹拌することも排除しない。
Here, "sediment having self-sustainability" means earth and sand that can be transported directly from a reforming treatment site to a reuse destination by using a dump truck, and more specifically, , Slump value of 1.0 cm or less and/or cone index of 200 kN/m 2 or more according to the mini slump test.
Further, the order of adding and stirring the amphoteric polymer flocculant and the anionic polymer flocculant and/or the inorganic solidifying material to the mud such as soil mixed with the drilling additive is not particularly limited. Also, simultaneous addition and stirring is not excluded.
ところで、掘削添加剤混合土砂等の泥土に、両性高分子凝集剤を添加、撹拌した場合、概ねｐＨが中性域（ｐＨ６〜８）ではカチオン部とアニオン部のどちらもイオン解離し、カチオンはアニオン性の高分子系加泥材のアニオン電荷や増粘剤などのアニオン電荷とイオン結合し、場合によっては自身のアニオン部とイオン結合してイオンコンプレックスを作りながら水不溶性物質となる。
このとき、水不溶解性物質中に起泡剤を構成するアニオン性界面活性剤やアニオン性増粘剤が水不溶性物質となることによって、気泡を構成する界面活性剤の溶出に伴う二次的問題を解消することができる。
By the way, when an amphoteric polymer flocculant is added to and stirred in mud such as soil mixed with an excavating additive, both the cation part and the anion part are ion-dissociated in a neutral pH range (pH 6 to 8), and cations are It becomes a water-insoluble substance by forming an ionic complex with the anionic charge of the anionic polymer-based mud additive and the anionic charge of the thickener, and in some cases, by forming an ionic complex with the anionic part of itself.
At this time, the anionic surfactant or anionic thickener that constitutes the foaming agent in the water-insoluble substance becomes a water-insoluble substance, so that the secondary agent accompanying the elution of the surfactant that constitutes the bubbles is generated. The problem can be resolved.
この場合、両性高分子凝集剤は、重合させるアニオン性材料やカチオン性材料に限定はなく、ｐＨ６〜８の中性域においてカチオンモル数がアニオンモル数を下回る重合比であれば、より確実に、カチオン成分の溶出を抑制し、魚毒性の問題を解消することができる。この両性高分子凝集剤としては、より具体的には、分子量５００万〜２５００万の範囲において、アニオン部が２０モル％〜４０モル％カチオン部が０．１モル％〜２０モル％の範囲において選択的に用いることが可能であり、アニオン部とカチオン部の対比においては用いられる掘削添加剤のアニオン価に応じて、カチオン価を増減（掘削添加剤のアニオン価が高い場合はカチオン価を高めに、低い場合はカチオン価を低めに）することができる。 In this case, the amphoteric polymer coagulant is not limited to the anionic material and the cationic material to be polymerized, and if the polymerization ratio is such that the number of moles of cation is less than the number of moles of anion in the neutral range of pH 6 to 8, it is more reliable. It is possible to suppress the elution of components and solve the problem of fish toxicity. More specifically, the amphoteric polymer flocculant has a molecular weight of 5 to 25 million, an anion part of 20 mol% to 40 mol% and a cation part of 0.1 mol% to 20 mol %. It can be used selectively, and in the comparison of the anion part and the cation part, the cation value is increased or decreased according to the anion value of the drilling additive used (if the drilling additive has a high anion value, the cation value is increased. If it is low, the cation value can be lowered).
また、無機系固化材には、セメント、生石灰、酸化マグネシウム等のアルカリ金属やその他の金属元素の酸化物や石膏等を主成分として含む粉末を好適に用いることができる。 Further, as the inorganic solidifying material, a powder containing, as a main component, an alkali metal such as cement, quick lime, or magnesium oxide, or an oxide of another metal element, gypsum, or the like can be preferably used.
以下、本発明の混合土砂等の泥土の改質処理方法を、実証試験に基づいて説明する。
本試験では、両性高分子凝集剤を用いて泥土改質を行い、離水を起こさず、十分なトラフィカビリティを得るための方法を検討した。
Hereinafter, a method for modifying mud such as mixed soil according to the present invention will be described based on a verification test.
In this test, a method for improving the mud by using an amphoteric polymer flocculant and obtaining sufficient trafficability without causing water separation was examined.
試験材料は、アニオン性高分子凝集剤１種、両性高分子凝集剤２種の合計３種で検討を行った。
１．アニオン性高分子凝集剤（４０モル％）
２．両性高分子凝集剤Ａ（アニオン：４０モル％／カチオン：１．５モル％）
３．両性高分子凝集剤Ｂ（アニオン：４０モル％／カチオン：１５モル％）
The test materials were examined using one kind of anionic polymer coagulant and two kinds of amphoteric polymer coagulant, namely, three kinds in total.
1. Anionic polymer flocculant (40 mol%)
2. Amphoteric polymer flocculant A (anion: 40 mol%/cation: 1.5 mol%)
3. Amphoteric polymer flocculant B (anion: 40 mol%/cation: 15 mol%)
［試験１：砂に対する増粘剤入り気泡混じり土砂の改質試験］
加泥材：アニオン性増粘剤入りアニオン性起泡剤１％水溶液
模擬土砂：川砂：１Ｌ
加水：１５％（川砂１Ｌに１５０ｍｌ）
加泥条件：気泡注入２０％（加水川砂１Ｌに２００ｍｌの気泡を注入）
[Test 1: Modification test of sand mixed with air bubbles containing thickener for sand]
Sludge: 1% aqueous solution of anionic foaming agent containing anionic thickener Simulated earth and sand: River sand: 1L
Water: 15% (1L of river sand 150mL)
Mud conditions: 20% air bubble injection (200 ml of air bubble is injected into 1 L of Mizukawa sand)
表１に、単剤使用によるコーン指数の測定値を、表２に、併用によるコーン指数の測定値を、それぞれ示す。 Table 1 shows the measured values of the Cone index when using a single agent, and Table 2 shows the measured values of the Cone index when used in combination.
表１及び表２の結果から、単剤で使用するよりも、併用することでより強度が得られることがわかった。特に川砂においては、アニオンが優勢になるほど糸引きが発生する場合があり、同条件においては、カチオン度の高い両性高分子凝集剤Ｂの使用が必須であった。
含まれるアニオンの量によって、両性高分子凝集剤の種類を選択することが望ましいといえる。
From the results shown in Tables 1 and 2, it was found that the strength can be obtained by using the combination of the agents, rather than by using the agent alone. Particularly in river sand, stringing may occur as the anion becomes more predominant, and under the same conditions, it was essential to use the amphoteric polymer flocculant B having a high cation degree.
It can be said that it is desirable to select the type of amphoteric polymer flocculant depending on the amount of anions contained.
［試験２：粘土混じり砂質土の改質試験］
加泥材：分散剤０．２％水溶液
模擬土砂：川砂７０％：粘土３０％
加水：２０％（模擬土砂１Ｌに２００ｍｌ）
加泥条件：分散剤０．２％水溶液１０％注入（加水模擬土砂１Ｌに１００ｍｌ）
[Test 2: Modification test of sandy soil mixed with clay]
Sludge: 0.2% dispersant aqueous solution Simulated sediment: 70% river sand: 30% clay
Water: 20% (200 ml for 1 liter of simulated soil)
Mud conditions: 0.2% dispersant aqueous solution 10% injection (100 ml per 1 liter of simulated soil)
表３に、単剤使用によるコーン指数の測定値を、表４に、１ｋｇ／ｍ３併用によるコーン指数の測定値を、表５に、２ｋｇ／ｍ３併用によるコーン指数の測定値を、それぞれ示す。 Table 3 shows the measured values of the corn index by using a single agent, Table 4 shows the measured values of the corn index by the combined use of 1 kg/m 3 , and Table 5 shows the measured values of the corn index by the combined use of 2 kg/m 3. Show.
表３〜表５の結果から、粘性土が多く含まれる土質においては、両性高分子凝集剤の単独使用で高いコーン指数を得られることはなかった。使用する両性高分子凝集剤においても、両性高分子凝集剤を２種類併用するより、アニオン性高分子凝集剤との併用が最も望ましい結果となった。 From the results of Tables 3 to 5, in soils containing a large amount of cohesive soil, it was not possible to obtain a high Cone index by using the amphoteric polymer flocculant alone. With regard to the amphoteric polymer flocculant used, the most desirable result was to use it in combination with an anionic polymer flocculant rather than to use two types of amphoteric polymer flocculant in combination.
［試験３：併用方法の検討試験］
個別に添加することで高い効果を示したアニオン性高分子凝集剤と適時選択される両性高分子凝集剤であるが、添加方法として、２液として注入する方法では、注入するための機材やタンクが複数台必要となり、経済的に不利益となることを考慮して、両性高分子凝集剤とアニオン性高分子凝集剤を１液化して添加する場合の性能を、以下の条件で検討した結果（コーン指数の測定値）を表６に示す。
加泥材：アニオン性起泡剤１％水溶液１０倍発泡
現場土砂：砂混じり粘性土（ρ＝１．９５）
含水比：２６．８％
加泥条件：気泡注入３０％（１Ｌに３００ｍｌの気泡を注入）
コーン指数：１３．８ｋＮ／ｍ２
[Test 3: Examination of combination method]
Anionic polymer flocculants that showed high effects when added individually and amphoteric polymer flocculants that are selected from time to time. Considering that multiple units are required and it is economically disadvantageous, the results of examining the performance when adding amphoteric polymer coagulant and anionic polymer coagulant in one liquid under the following conditions Table 6 shows (measured value of Cone index).
Mud material: Anionic foaming agent 1% aqueous solution 10 times foaming Site sediment: Sand mixed cohesive soil (ρ=1.95)
Moisture content: 26.8%
Mud conditions: 30% bubble injection (inject 300 ml bubbles per liter)
Cone index: 13.8 kN/m 2
表６の結果から、両性高分子凝集剤とアニオン性高分子凝集剤を１液化しても十分な性能が維持されること、すなわち、個別に添加した場合と比較して、同程度の強度発現が得られることを確認した。このことから、両性高分子凝集剤とアニオン性高分子凝集剤は、掘削添加剤混合土砂等の泥土に、個別に添加することも、同時に添加、具体的には、混合して１液化したものを添加することもできることを確認した。 From the results shown in Table 6, sufficient performance is maintained even if the amphoteric polymer coagulant and the anionic polymer coagulant are liquefied, that is, the same strength is exhibited as compared with the case where they are individually added. It was confirmed that From this, the amphoteric polymer flocculant and the anionic polymer flocculant can be added individually to mud such as earth and sand mixed with an excavating additive or at the same time, specifically, mixed and liquefied. It was confirmed that could be added.
［試験４：無機系固化材との併用］
表７に、表１及び表５より得られた改質土を使用した無機系固化材との併用試験（３日後強度）のコーン指数の測定値を示す。
[Test 4: Combined use with inorganic solidifying material]
Table 7 shows the measured values of the cone index in the combined use test (strength after 3 days) with the inorganic solidifying material using the modified soil obtained from Table 1 and Table 5.
表７の結果から、両性高分子凝集剤で改質した土砂と一般的な無機系固化材を併用することで、砂質土に対するコーン指数はさらに高くなり、また、両性高分子とアニオン性高分子を併用した土砂においても十分な強度を得られることがわかった。 From the results in Table 7, by using the soil modified with the amphoteric polymer coagulant and a general inorganic solidifying material together, the Cone index for sandy soil was further increased, and the amphoteric polymer and anionic high It was found that sufficient strength can be obtained even with sediment containing molecules.
以上のことから、両性高分子凝集剤の単独使用では土質の変化に弱く、場合によっては盛土等に再利用するのに適さないことがある可能性があった。
一方、アニオン性高分子凝集剤を併用することで、この問題を解決できること、また、一般的な無機系固化材（セメント系、石膏系、マグネシウム系、多孔質系等）と併用することで、さらに高い強度（第４種改良土以上）を得られる結果となった。
From the above, it was possible that the amphoteric polymer flocculant used alone was not sensitive to changes in soil quality, and in some cases, was not suitable for reuse in embankments and the like.
On the other hand, by using an anionic polymer flocculant together, this problem can be solved, and by using together with a general inorganic solidifying material (cement system, gypsum system, magnesium system, porous system, etc.), The result is that even higher strength (more than the fourth type improved soil) can be obtained.
以上、本発明の掘削添加剤混合土砂等の泥土の改質処理方法について、その実施形態に基づいて説明したが、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲において適宜その構成を変更することができるものである。
また、本発明の掘削添加剤混合土砂等の泥土の改質処理方法を実施するに当たり、掘削添加剤混合土砂等の泥土に、両性高分子凝集剤やアニオン性高分子凝集剤及び／又は無機系固化材を添加撹拌する方法としては、連続ミキサー、強制撹拌ミキサー等の混練機やパワーショベル、バックホウ、スクリューコンベア等の土木機械を用いるほか、シールド工事や推進工事においては、掘進機や推進機に付設されるスクリューコンベア等の泥土の搬送手段を利用することができる。
As described above, the method for modifying mud such as excavated additive-mixed earth and sand of the present invention has been described based on its embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and does not deviate from the spirit thereof. In the above, the configuration can be appropriately changed.
Further, in carrying out the method for modifying mud such as excavated additive-mixed earth and sand of the present invention, an amphoteric polymer coagulant or anionic polymer coagulant and/or an inorganic-based coagulant is added to mud such as excavated additive-mixed earth and sand. As a method of adding and stirring the solidifying material, a kneading machine such as a continuous mixer or a forced stirring mixer or a civil engineering machine such as a power shovel, a backhoe or a screw conveyor is used. A mud conveying means such as an attached screw conveyor can be used.
本発明の掘削添加剤混合土砂等の泥土の改質処理方法は、アニオン性の高分子系加泥材やアニオン性界面活性剤又はアニオン性増粘剤やベントナイト等を含有する掘削添加剤混合土砂等の泥土を、高分子凝集剤を添加することによって自立性を有する土砂への改質処理するに当たり、掘削添加剤を構成するアニオン性の高分子系加泥材やアニオン性界面活性剤の溶出に伴う二次的問題やカチオン性高分子凝集剤の使用による魚毒性の問題を解消でき、さらに、離水を起こさず、十分なトラフィカビリティが得られることから、アニオン性高分子凝集剤の単独添加による自立性を有する土砂への改質が困難な泥土等の流動性を有する土砂、特に、気泡混合土砂等の泥土の改質処理の用途に好適に用いることができる。 The method for modifying mud such as excavated additive mixed earth and sand of the present invention is an excavated additive mixed earth and sand containing anionic polymeric mud additive, anionic surfactant or anionic thickener, bentonite, etc. When the mud soil is modified to a self-sustaining soil by adding a polymer flocculant, elution of anionic polymeric mud materials and anionic surfactants that make up the drilling additive It is possible to solve the secondary problems associated with water and the problem of fish toxicity due to the use of cationic polymer flocculants. Furthermore, since water separation does not occur and sufficient trafficability is obtained, the addition of anionic polymer flocculants alone is possible. It can be preferably used for the purpose of the modification treatment of mud having fluidity such as mud which is difficult to be modified into self-sustaining mud by the above method, especially mud such as aerated mixed sand.
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