JP5563584B2 - 粒子を分離することによって内燃エンジンの排ガス流を浄化するための装置および方法 - Google Patents
粒子を分離することによって内燃エンジンの排ガス流を浄化するための装置および方法 Download PDFInfo
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/01—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust by means of electric or electrostatic separators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/42—Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
- B01D46/50—Means for discharging electrostatic potential
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/0205—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust using heat exchangers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/031—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters having means for by-passing filters, e.g. when clogged or during cold engine start
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/02—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a heat exchanger
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- F01N2240/28—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a plasma reactor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F01N2330/02—Metallic plates or honeycombs, e.g. superposed or rolled-up corrugated or otherwise deformed sheet metal
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2053—By-passing catalytic reactors, e.g. to prevent overheating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
- F01N3/2882—Catalytic reactors combined or associated with other devices, e.g. exhaust silencers or other exhaust purification devices
- F01N3/2889—Catalytic reactors combined or associated with other devices, e.g. exhaust silencers or other exhaust purification devices with heat exchangers in a single housing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M27/00—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like
- F02M27/04—Apparatus for treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture, by catalysts, electric means, magnetism, rays, sound waves, or the like by electric means, ionisation, polarisation or magnetism
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Toxicology (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
- Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)
- Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
Description
a.排ガス流中の粒子を荷電するためのイオン化装置と、
b.荷電した粒子を少なくとも部分的に凝集するための凝集装置と、
c.流体が流れることができる周面と、第1の端側における入口と、第2の端側における出口とを少なくとも備える、ダクトと、
d.内側周面と、外側周面と、流路とを有する放射状のハニカム体であって、流路は、内側周面から外側周面に延在し、放射状のハニカム体は、ダクトの周面の前記内側周面とともに配置される、放射状のハニカム体と、
e.排ガス流からの粒子を少なくとも一時的に保持する粒子分離器と、
を備え、イオン化装置および凝集装置は、入口の上流、またはダクト内に配置され、粒子分離器は、出口の上流、またはダクト内に配置される。
i.排ガス流(2)の中に含まれる粒子(5)を荷電する工程と、
ii.増加した慣性質量を有する大きな粒子を形成するために、荷電した前記粒子(5)を凝集する工程と、
iii.少なくとも90°の角によって前記排ガス流(2)の体積の少なくとも80%を偏向させる工程と、
iv.前記増加した慣性質量を有する大きな粒子を、前記排ガス流(2)の偏向によって前記排ガス流(2)から分離する工程と、
v.前記大きな粒子を堆積させる工程と、
を有する。
2 排ガス流
3 内燃エンジン
4 イオン化装置
5 粒子
6 凝集装置
7 大きな粒子
8 ダクト
9 周面
10 入口
11 第1の端側
12 出口
13 第2の端側
14 放射状のハニカム体
15 内側周面
16 外側周面
17 流路
18 粒子分離器
19 機器
20 パイプ
21 構造
22 ハニカム体
23 コーティング
24 角
25 中心軸
26 EGRライン
27 再生装置
28 加熱ワイヤ
29 加熱触媒コンバータ
30 注入
31 コーティング
32 第1の酸化触媒コンバータ
33 還元剤付与ユニット
34 排気ライン
35 第2の酸化触媒コンバータ
36 熱交換器
37 第1の熱回路
38 第2の熱回路
39 第3の熱回路
40 排気システム
41 自動車
42 範囲
43 長手方向
Claims (12)
- 内燃エンジン(3)の排ガス流(2)の浄化のための装置(1)であって、少なくとも以下の構成要素:
a.前記排ガス流(2)中の粒子(5)を荷電するためのイオン化装置(4)と、
b.荷電した粒子(5)を少なくとも部分的に凝集するための凝集装置(6)と、
c.流体が流れることができる周面(9)と、第1の端側(11)における入口(10)と、第2の端側(13)における出口(12)とを少なくとも備える、ダクト(8)と、
d.内側周面(15)と、外側周面(16)と、流路(17)とを有する放射状のハニカム体(14)であって、前記流路(17)は、前記内側周面(15)から前記外側周面(16)に延在し、前記放射状のハニカム体(14)は、前記ダクト(8)の前記周面(9)上に前記内側周面(15)を用いて配置される、放射状のハニカム体(14)と、
e.前記放射状のハニカム体(14)よりも大きな流れ抵抗を有し、前記排ガス流(2)からの前記粒子(5)を少なくとも一時的に保持する粒子分離器(18)と、を備え、
前記イオン化装置(4)および前記凝集装置(6)は、前記入口(10)の上流、または前記ダクト(8)内に配置され、
前記粒子分離器(18)は、前記ダクト(8)の中心軸上であって、前記出口(12)の下流、または前記ダクト(8)内に配置される、装置(1)。 - 前記イオン化装置(4)は、コロナ放電またはプラズマ放電を生じるための機器(19)を有する、請求項1に記載の装置(1)。
- 前記凝集装置(6)は、パイプ(20)、排気ラインの断面の大部分に少なくともわたって延在する構造(21)およびハニカム体(22)からなる群からの少なくとも1つの要素を備える、請求項1または2に記載の装置(1)。
- 前記放射状のハニカム体(14)は、SCRコーティング、三元触媒コーティング、およびNOX吸収コーティングからなる群からの少なくとも1つのコーティング(23)を少なくとも部分的に有する、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の装置(1)。
- 前記放射状のハニカム体(14)は、前記ダクト(8)の中心軸(25)に対して90°〜135°の角(24)で配置される流路(17)を有する、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の装置(1)。
- EGRライン(26)が前記粒子分離器(18)に隣接する、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の装置(1)。
- 前記粒子分離器(18)は、電熱線(28)、加熱触媒コンバータ(29)のうち少なくとも1つの再生装置(27)を有する、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の装置(1)。
- 少なくとも1つの熱交換器(36)が、前記放射状のハニカム体(14)および/または前記粒子分離器(18)の部分的領域の少なくとも周囲に配置される、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の装置(1)。
- 前記熱交換器(36)は、複数の熱回路、具体的には、前記放射状のハニカム体(14)の前記外側周面(16)の外側に配置される第1の熱回路(37)、前記放射状のハニカム体(14)内に少なくとも部分的に配置される第2の熱回路(38)、および前記粒子分離器(18)の外側に配置される第3の熱回路(39)を有する、請求項8に記載の装置(1)。
- 少なくとも1つの第1の酸化触媒コンバータ(32)が、1つの前記イオン化装置(4)の上流に設けられる、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の装置(1)。
- 内燃エンジン(3)の排ガス浄化のための方法であって、少なくとも以下の工程:
i.排ガス流(2)の中に含まれる粒子(5)を荷電する工程と、
ii.増加した慣性質量を有する大きな粒子を形成するために、荷電した前記粒子(5)を凝集する工程と、
iii.少なくとも90°の角によって前記排ガス流(2)の少なくとも80%容量を偏向させる工程と、
iv.前記増加した慣性質量を有する大きな粒子を、前記排ガス流(2)の偏向によって前記排ガス流(2)から分離する工程と、
v.前記大きな粒子をダクト(8)の中心軸上に設けられた粒子分離器(18)に堆積させる工程と、
を有する、方法。 - 請求項1〜10のいずれか一項に記載の装置(1)を有する排気システム(40)を備える自動車(41)。
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DE102008057960.2 | 2008-11-19 | ||
PCT/EP2009/064656 WO2010057779A1 (de) | 2008-11-19 | 2009-11-05 | Anordnung und verfahren zur reinigung eines abgasstromes einer verbrennungskraftmaschine durch die abscheidung von partikeln |
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WO2010057779A1 (de) | 2010-05-27 |
US8453430B2 (en) | 2013-06-04 |
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