JP5541879B2 - Composite material and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a composite material produced by forming a photocatalyst layer and another functional layer, and a production method thereof.

In a material in which a photocatalyst layer is formed by applying and curing a coating containing a photocatalyst on the surface of the substrate, when the photocatalyst is exposed to light (ultraviolet rays) having an excitation wavelength (for example, 400 nm), active oxygen is generated. By decomposing organic substances, self-cleaning effects, deodorizing effects, antibacterial / antifungal effects, etc. can be expected, and water in the air or moisture attached to the material surface is converted to hydroxyl radicals to improve hydrophilicity. Anti-fogging effect, rainwater washing effect, etc. can be expected. In addition to these various effects of the photocatalyst layer, some composite materials having a composite function in which other functions are added to the surface of the substrate have been proposed. For example, in Patent Document 1, a heat mirror that reflects infrared rays is first formed on the surface of a base material, and a photocatalyst layer is formed thereon, thereby providing a combined effect of heat ray reflection effect + photocatalytic effect. in Patent Document 2, includes an antireflective layer composed of 5-7 layers on the substrate surface, the photocatalyst layer immediately below the top layer, by the film thickness on the uppermost layer to form a less SiO ₂ layer 300 nm, antireflection It has a combined effect of effect + photocatalytic effect.

JP 2006-51447 A JP 2000-329904 A

  However, in the above prior art, if the functional layer is not the uppermost layer and its function is expressed and an effect can be obtained, the photocatalyst layer is formed on the uppermost layer to express both functions at the same time. However, when the functional layer is not formed in the uppermost layer, the functional expression is not sufficient and the effect cannot be obtained, the functional layer is formed in the uppermost layer, and the photocatalyst is formed in the lower layers. A layer had to be formed, and by doing so, various effects by the photocatalyst layer might be weakened or not obtained at all.

  Therefore, in the present invention, if the functional layer is not formed in the uppermost layer, the effect due to the function cannot be sufficiently obtained, and therefore, even when the photocatalyst layer must be formed in the lower layer, both functions can be expressed simultaneously. Thus, it is an object of the present invention to provide a composite material and a method for manufacturing the same that can obtain the effects together.

  The method for producing a composite material according to claim 1 of the present invention is a method for producing a composite material that is produced by forming a photocatalyst layer 2 and a functional layer 3 on the surface of a base material 1. After forming the photocatalyst layer 2 containing, a step of forming a functional layer 3 containing an organic substance 4 decomposable with a photocatalyst on the surface, and irradiating the functional layer 3 with light, the photocatalyst in the photocatalyst layer 2 And a step of decomposing the organic substance 4 in the functional layer 3, wherein the content of the organic substance 4 in the functional layer 3 is 10 to 40% by mass.

  The method for producing a composite material according to claim 2 of the present invention is characterized in that, in claim 1, the functional layer 3 is a layer having a refractive index lower than that of the photocatalyst layer 2.

  The method for producing a composite material according to claim 3 of the present invention is characterized in that in claim 1 or 2, the organic substance 4 decomposable by the photocatalyst is a silane coupling agent having an organic group.

  The method for producing a composite material according to claim 4 of the present invention is characterized in that, in any one of claims 1 to 3, the organic substance 4 decomposable by the photocatalyst is colored.

The composite material according to claim 5 of the present invention is a composite material in which the functional layer 3 is formed on the surface of the substrate 1 via the photocatalyst layer 2, and the photocatalyst layer 2 is represented by the general formula (R ₂ ) as a binder. _n Si (OR ₁ ) _4-n (n = 0 to 2) is composed of a silicone resin and a photocatalyst having a solid content of 20 to 80% by mass, and the functional layer 3 is a silane coupling agent having an organic group. It contains 10 to 40% by mass.

  A composite material according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the composite material according to the fifth aspect, wherein the base material 1 is a transparent glass base material or a transparent plastic base material, and a show window, a showcase, a window of a building structure, a window for a vehicle is used. It is formed as a member constituting either one.

  In the composite material according to claim 7 of the present invention, the substrate 1 is a transparent plastic film, and the surface of the substrate 1 opposite to the surface on which the photocatalyst layer 2 and the functional layer 3 are formed is a show window, It is affixed to any of a case, a window of a building structure, and a window for a vehicle.

  In the invention of claim 1, the sparse part 5 can be formed in the functional layer 3 by the decomposition of the organic substance 4, and the photocatalyst layer 2 can be irradiated with light through the sparse part 5. Both functions of the functional layer 3 and the photocatalyst layer 2 can be expressed at the same time, and their effects can be obtained together. Further, since the content of the organic substance 4 in the functional layer 3 is 10 to 40% by mass, the effect of the photocatalyst layer 2 can be obtained without impairing the function of the functional layer 3, and the film of the functional layer 3 can be obtained. The strength (adhesion and wear resistance) can be maintained at a level that does not cause any practical problems.

  In the invention of claim 2, since the refractive index of the functional layer 3 is lower than that of the photocatalyst layer 2, the layer (film) formed on the surface of the obtained substrate 1 has anti-catalytic performance. It becomes a film.

  In the invention of claim 3, since the organic substance decomposable by the photocatalyst is a silane coupling agent having an organic group, the functional layer 3 is formed of an inorganic resin (silicone resin or the like) that is not decomposed by the photocatalyst. Then, flexibility can be imparted without entering the skeleton and significantly impairing the strength of the film (functional layer 3).

  In the invention of claim 4, the organic substance 4 can be discolored from colored to colorless by decomposition of the organic substance 4, and the expression of the function of the photocatalyst layer 2 can be easily confirmed.

  In the invention of claim 5, the photocatalyst can be reliably held in the photocatalyst layer 2 with the silicone resin of the binder component, the function of the photocatalyst layer 2 can be prevented from being lowered, and the function of the functional layer 3 is impaired. The effect of the photocatalyst layer 2 can be obtained, and the strength (adhesion and wear resistance) of the functional layer 3 can be maintained at a level that does not cause any practical problems.

  In the invention of claim 6, a show window or a window having both functions of the photocatalyst layer 2 and the functional layer 3 can be easily formed.

  In the invention of claim 7, by pasting on an existing show window or window, a show window or window having both functions of the photocatalyst layer 2 and the functional layer 3 can be easily formed.

An example of embodiment of this invention is shown, (a) (b) is sectional drawing.

  Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention will be described.

  The composite material produced in the present invention is formed by providing the photocatalyst layer 2 on the surface of the substrate 1 and providing the functional layer 3 as the outermost layer on the surface of the photocatalyst layer 2.

  The functional layer 3 is not particularly limited as long as it has a function that does not provide a sufficient effect unless it is formed on the uppermost layer, and examples thereof include an antireflection layer. The functional layer 3 may be a single layer structure formed only in the uppermost layer or a multilayer structure formed in each of the uppermost layer and the lower layer. Further, since the functional layer 3 is formed immediately above the photocatalyst layer 2, the layer made of a material mainly composed of an organic material is deteriorated by the decomposition action of the organic substance by the photocatalyst. Therefore, the functional layer 3 needs to be a coating film made of a material mainly composed of an inorganic component, even if the organic layer contains some organic components, the coating film hardly deteriorates with time. Such an inorganic component-based material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include silicone resins and acrylic silicone resins.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the refractive index of the functional layer 3 is lower than the refractive index of the photocatalyst layer 2. For example, when the functional layer 3 is an antireflection layer, the difference in refractive index from the photocatalyst layer 2 is larger. The effect by the function (antireflection) of the functional layer 3 is also enhanced, which is preferable.

The organic substance 4 contained in the functional layer 3 that can be decomposed by the photocatalyst is not particularly limited, but when the functional layer 3 is composed of a material mainly composed of a silicone resin or an acrylic silicone resin, a silane cup having an organic group A ring agent can be mentioned. Although the silane coupling agent is not particularly limited, it is generally expressed as XSi (OR) ₃ (1) or the like, and X in (1) represents a reactive group bonded to an organic material, and is not particularly limited. Are vinyl groups, epoxy groups, amino groups, methacryl groups, mercapto groups, and the like. In addition, OR in (1) represents a reactive group that is chemically bonded to the inorganic material and is not particularly limited, but includes a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a chloro group, and the like.

  The organic material 4 contained in the functional layer 3 that can be decomposed by the photocatalyst may be a colored material. In this case, the colored organic substance 4 is first decomposed by the action of the photocatalyst in the photocatalyst layer 2 and becomes colorless, so that the photocatalytic performance of the photocatalyst layer 2 can be confirmed. The colored organic material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include natural and artificial pigments and dyes, organic pigments and the like that do not develop color when the organic group is decomposed. Specifically, methylene blue, methyl violet, Methyl orange or the like can be used.

  Content of the said organic substance 4 in the functional layer 3 is 10-40 mass% with respect to the whole quantity of the functional layer (solid content) 3. FIG. When the content of the organic substance 4 is less than 10% by mass, the sparse part of the functional layer 3 caused by the decomposition of the organic substance 4 is reduced so that the function of the photocatalyst layer 2 below the functional layer 3 is sufficiently achieved. If the content of the organic substance 4 is more than 40% by mass, the sparse part of the functional layer 3 caused by the decomposition of the organic substance 4 will increase, and the strength of the functional layer 3 will increase. There is a risk of dropping out.

  The photocatalyst layer 2 is a material containing a photocatalyst and is not particularly limited. The photocatalyst layer 2 may be a single photocatalyst layer 2 containing no binder component or a mixed photocatalyst layer 2 containing a binder component. Photocatalysts include titanium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, iron oxide, zirconium oxide, tungsten oxide, chromium oxide, molybdenum oxide, ruthenium oxide, germanium oxide, lead oxide, cadmium oxide, copper oxide, vanadium oxide, niobium oxide, tantalum oxide. In addition to metal oxides such as manganese oxide, cobalt oxide, rhodium oxide, nickel oxide and rhenium oxide, strontium titanate can be exemplified, and these can be used alone or in combination of two or more. it can. Moreover, a silicone resin, an acrylic silicone resin, etc. can be used as a binder component. When the photocatalyst layer 2 is formed from a photocatalyst and a binder component, the content of the photocatalyst in the photocatalyst layer 2 is preferably 20 to 80% by mass with respect to the total amount of the photocatalyst layer (solid content) 2, The optimum content is 30 to 60% by mass. If the content of the photocatalyst is too small, the organic substance 4 cannot be sufficiently decomposed, and the function of the photocatalyst layer 2 below the functional layer 3 may not be sufficiently exhibited. When there is too much content, the intensity | strength of the coating film of the photocatalyst layer 2 by a binder component cannot be ensured, but there exists a possibility that the fall of durability, such as dropping off, may arise.

As the binder component of the photocatalyst layer, it can be used the general formula _{(R 2)} nSi silicone resin composed of _{(OR 1) 4-n (} n = 0~2). R _1, R ₂ represents a monovalent hydrocarbon group, is not particularly limited, may be a substituted or unsubstituted carbon hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms as R _2. R ₂ is, for example, an alkyl group such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group, a cycloalkyl group such as a cyclopentyl group or a cyclohexyl group, an aralkyl group such as a 2-phenylethyl group or a 3-phenylpropyl group, Aryl groups such as phenyl group and tolyl group; anienyl groups such as vinyl group and allyl group; halogen-substituted hydrocarbon groups such as chloromethyl group, γ-chloropropyl group and 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl group; and γ Examples thereof include substituted hydrocarbon groups such as a methacryloxypropyl group, a γ-glycidoxypropyl group, a 3,4-epoxycyclohexylethyl group, and a γ-mercaptopropyl group. Among these, ease of synthesis, the easy availability, it is preferred that R ₂ is an alkyl group and a phenyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. R ₁ may be _one having an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms as a main raw material. In particular, tetramethoxysilane, tetraethoxysilane, and the like can be exemplified as n = 0 tetraalkoxysilane, and methyltrialkoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane can be exemplified as n = 1 organotrialkoxysilane. Illustrative examples include isopropoxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane, etc. Examples of the diorganodialkoxysilane with n = 2 include dimethyldimethoxysilane, Examples include dimethyldiethoxysilane, diphenyldimethoxysilane, diphenyldiethoxysilane, and methylphenyldimethoxysilane. As these silicone resins, those having n = 0 or n = 1 may be used alone, or those having n = 0, 1 or a mixture of n = 0, 1, 2 may be used. The above R ₁ and R ₂ may be the same or different.

  The substrate 1 is not particularly limited regardless of whether it is an organic material or an inorganic material, and examples thereof include glass, metal, plastic, and film. These base materials 1 may be pre-washed when forming the photocatalyst layer 2, the functional layer 3 and the like so that the layers can be formed uniformly or in order to improve the adhesion to the base material 1. . Examples of the method include alkali cleaning, ammonium fluoride cleaning, plasma cleaning, corona cleaning, and UV cleaning.

  The formation method of the photocatalyst layer 2 and the functional layer 3 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a vapor deposition method, a sputtering method, and a solution coating method. The solution coating methods include brush coating, spray coating, and dipping (dipping and dip coating). And various usual methods such as roll coating, flow coating, curtain coating, knife coating, spin coating, gravure coating, bar coating and the like can be selected.

  After forming the photocatalyst layer 2 and the functional layer 3, heating may be performed to cure each layer. The heating needs to be performed at a temperature lower than the heat resistant temperature depending on the material of the base material, but can be selected widely from room temperature to high temperature. However, heat curing at a high temperature such that the organic substance 4 to be decomposed by the photocatalyst is decomposed is difficult to obtain the intended effect of the present invention, and therefore, it is preferably performed at a temperature equal to or lower than the temperature at which the organic substance 4 is decomposed. It can carry out at 100-250 degreeC for 5 to 60 minutes.

After forming the photocatalyst layer 2 and the functional layer 3, as shown in FIG. 1A, in order to decompose the organic substance 4 contained in the functional layer 3 with the photocatalyst in the lower photocatalyst layer 2, L irradiation is performed. The process is performed with light L including light (ultraviolet light or the like) having a wavelength equal to or shorter than an excitation wavelength (for example, 400 nm) necessary for activating the photocatalyst. The light source is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include sunlight, a xenon lamp, a black light, a mercury lamp, and a germicidal lamp. For example, in the case of black light, the light irradiation time can be 12 to 120 hours, and the light intensity can be 1 to 3 mW / cm ² .

  As shown in FIG. 1B, the composite material formed as described above is a portion where the organic material 4 in the functional layer 3 has disappeared due to the decomposition and disappearance of the organic material 4 in the functional layer 3. However, it becomes a sparse part (low density part) 5 having a smaller density than other parts of the functional layer 3, and the photocatalyst layer 2 can be irradiated with light through the sparse part 5. Therefore, even if the photocatalyst layer 2 is not in the outermost layer, its function can be exhibited. In the present invention, the functional layer 3 may have a thickness of 0.05 to 0.2 μm and the photocatalyst layer 2 may have a thickness of 0.01 to 0.3 μm, but is not limited thereto.

  The composite material of the present invention can be formed as a member for forming a show window, a showcase, a window of a building structure, a window for a vehicle, or the like. In this case, since a certain degree of rigidity is required, it is preferable to use a transparent glass substrate or a transparent plastic substrate as the substrate 1. Although it does not specifically limit as a transparent plastic base material, An acrylic resin, a polycarbonate-type resin, etc. can be mentioned. A show having the functions obtained by the photocatalyst layer 2 and the functional layer 3 as described above by being fitted into an opening of a building structure or a vehicle, or by connecting a plurality of composite materials in a box shape. Windows, showcases, windows for building structures, windows for vehicles, and the like can be formed.

  The composite material of the present invention can be attached to the surface of a transparent member such as a glass plate or a plastic plate forming a show window, a showcase, a window of a building structure, a window for a vehicle, or the like. In this case, a transparent plastic film can be used as the substrate 1 in consideration of the workability of pasting, and is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include polyester films, acrylic films, and fluorine films. Further, the surface of the substrate 1 on the side to be attached to the surface of the transparent member is provided with a surface opposite to the surface on which the photocatalyst layer 2 and the functional layer 3 are formed, that is, the photocatalyst layer 2 and the functional layer 3. The surface that is not. In addition, when the composite material is applied, there are methods of providing an adhesive layer on the surface of the base material 1 on which the base material 1 is applied and bonding the composite material, or thermally laminating (thermally bonding) the composite material and the transparent member. The adhesive layer is not particularly limited, but can be formed by applying an acrylic adhesive, a urethane adhesive, a vinyl acetate adhesive, or the like. In the case of heat laminating, although not particularly limited, it is preferable to use a transparent member made of plastic such as polycarbonate or acrylic resin. And a show window and a showcase having both functions obtained by the photocatalyst layer 2 and the functional layer 3 by sticking a composite material on the surface of a window, a show window, or a showcase of a building structure or a vehicle. It is possible to form windows for building structures, windows for vehicles, and the like.

  Show windows, showcases, windows of building structures, windows for vehicles, etc. thus obtained will have both photocatalytic function and other functions obtained by the functional layer. When the anti-reflection function is selected, the photocatalytic function and the anti-reflection function are combined, so that when the object is viewed through them, there is no reflection due to the anti-reflection function and the object can be seen clearly. In addition, since the adhesion of dirt can be reduced for a long time by the photocatalytic function, the above-described effects can be maintained for a long time.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically by way of examples. In the following description, unless otherwise specified, “parts” all represent “parts by mass” and “%” all represent “mass%”. Further, the molecular weight is measured by GPC (gel permeation chromatography), using a standard polystyrene with a calibration curve using HLC8020 manufactured by Tosoh Corporation as a measurement model, and measuring the converted value. The present invention is not limited to the following examples.

<Example 1>
A coating material mainly composed of a silicone resin as a photocatalyst guard layer is applied to a 50 μm thick acrylic film substrate with a gravure coater so as to have a film thickness of about 1.5 μm, heated and cured, and then a photocatalyst ( A photocatalyst-containing coating material containing TiO ₂ ) and a binder mainly composed of a silicone resin was applied with a gravure coater so as to have a film thickness of about 0.03 μm, and was cured by heating to form a photocatalyst layer. This photocatalyst layer contains 50% by mass of the photocatalyst with respect to its solid content.

  Furthermore, the functional layer containing the organic substance which can be decomposed | disassembled with a photocatalyst was formed on said photocatalyst layer. For the uppermost functional layer, a layer having an antireflection function is selected, and as a binder resin for the antireflection layer, methyl silicate and a silane coupling agent are mixed at an effective solid content of 1: 1, and silica sol is further added. What was hydrolyzed by adding water and nitric acid to the resin: silica sol = 2: 3 added to the binder resin at an effective solid content was diluted with isopropyl alcohol to a solid content of 5%. A thing was used. As the silane coupling agent, γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane was used. The coating material for the antireflection layer thus prepared was applied on the acrylic film coated with the photocatalyst layer with a gravure coater so as to have a film thickness of about 0.1 μm, and then heated and cured to form a functional layer. Formed. This functional layer contains 20% by mass of an organic substance (silane coupling agent) based on the solid content.

The coating film thus prepared was irradiated with ultraviolet rays at an intensity of 1 mW / cm ² for 96 hours using a black light with a central wavelength of 365 nm to obtain the desired composite material.

  In this case, the refractive index of the functional layer was about 1.37, and the refractive index of the photocatalytic layer was about 1.72.

<Example 2>
In Example 1, the target material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane was used as the silane coupling agent.

<Example 3>
As a functional layer formed on the photocatalyst layer of Example 1, a layer having an antireflection function is selected, methyl silicate is used as the binder resin of the antireflection layer, and silica sol is added to the binder resin in an effective solid content. Resin: silica sol = 2: 3 was further hydrolyzed by adding water and nitric acid and diluted with isopropyl alcohol to a solid content of 5%. Furthermore, as an organic substance decomposable with a photocatalyst, an acrylic film coated with the photocatalyst layer is coated with a coating material for an antireflection layer prepared by adding 20 parts by weight of methyl violet as a 5% aqueous solution to 100 parts by weight of the coating liquid. A functional layer was formed by applying the film on the top with a gravure coater so as to have a film thickness of about 0.1 μm, followed by heat curing. This functional layer contains 20% by mass of organic matter with respect to its solid content.

The coating film thus prepared was irradiated with ultraviolet rays at an intensity of 1 mW / cm ² for 96 hours using a black light with a central wavelength of 365 nm to obtain the desired composite material.

<Example 4>
The target material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that methyl silicate: silane coupling agent = 3: 1 (effective solid content ratio) was used in Example 1. In this case, the functional layer contains 10% by mass of an organic substance (silane coupling agent) based on the solid content.

<Example 5>
In Example 1, the mixture was mixed so that methyl silicate: silane coupling agent = 1: 2 (effective solid content ratio), and the silica sol was mixed with the binder resin in an effective solid content so that the resin: silica sol = 3: 2. The target material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the addition. In this case, the functional layer contains 40% by mass of an organic substance (silane coupling agent) based on the solid content.

<Comparative Example 1>
In Example 1, the target material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that no silane coupling agent was contained.

<Comparative example 2>
The target material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that methyl silicate: silane coupling agent = 35: 5 (effective solid content ratio) in Example 1. In this case, the functional layer contains 9% by mass of an organic substance (silane coupling agent) based on the solid content.

<Comparative Example 3>
In Example 1, the mixture was mixed so that methyl silicate: silane coupling agent = 1: 5 (effective solid content ratio), and the silica sol was mixed with the binder resin in an effective solid content so that the resin: silica sol = 3: 2. The target material was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the addition. In this case, the functional layer contains 41% by mass of an organic substance (silane coupling agent) based on the solid content.

[Evaluation of coating film performance]
The main function (reflectance) of the functional layer was evaluated. That is, the reflectance of 5 ° regular reflection of the functional layer was measured with a spectrophotometer, and the minimum value was evaluated as the minimum reflectance.

Moreover, the hydrophilic performance after ultraviolet irradiation was evaluated. That is, using a black light with a central wavelength of 365 nm, the contact angle of the functional layer with respect to water after irradiation with ultraviolet rays at an intensity of 1 mW / cm ² for 96 hours was measured.

  Moreover, the abrasion resistance of the film surface (functional layer surface) was evaluated. A cloth was affixed to the tip having a grounding portion of 5 × 20 mm, the surface of the film was rubbed 100 times with a load of 500 g, and the state of the wound after the test was visually observed.

A: No scratch, O: 5 or less scratches, Δ: 5 to 10 scratches, X: 10 or more scratches The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.

  In Examples 1-5 and Comparative Examples 1-3, the effect of the antireflection layer, which is a functional layer, is sufficiently expressed, but Examples 1-5 are good with respect to surface hydrophilicity by ultraviolet irradiation. In Examples 1 and 2, the contact angle before and after UV irradiation hardly changed, and hydrophilicity was hardly obtained. In Comparative Example 3, hydrophilicity after UV irradiation is obtained, but the film (functional layer) does not have any abrasion resistance and is at a level that cannot be practically used.

  Therefore, in the present invention, it is possible to form a composite layer imparted with photocatalytic performance while maintaining the effect of the functional layer on the surface and ensuring a level of wear resistance that can withstand practical use.

<Example 6>
The composite material using the acrylic film substrate described in Example 1 was attached to both surfaces of the window glass of the building with an adhesive to obtain a window of a building structure with the composite material.

<Example 7>
A photocatalyst layer and a functional layer similar to those in Example 1 were formed on a glass plate having a thickness of 5 mm to obtain a window glass member. This was fitted into the opening of the building structure to obtain a window of the building structure with the composite material.

<Example 8>
In Example 1, the content of the photocatalyst in the photocatalyst layer was 19% by mass with respect to the solid content to form a composite material. In the same manner as in Example 6, this composite material was attached to both surfaces of the window glass with an adhesive to obtain a window of a building structure with the composite material.

<Example 9>
In Example 1, the content of the photocatalyst in the photocatalyst layer was 20% by mass with respect to the solid content to form a composite material. In the same manner as in Example 6, this composite material was attached to both surfaces of the window glass with an adhesive to obtain a window of a building structure with the composite material.

<Example 10>
In Example 1, the content of the photocatalyst in the photocatalyst layer was 80% by mass with respect to the solid content to form a composite material. In the same manner as in Example 6, this composite material was attached to both surfaces of the window glass with an adhesive to obtain a window of a building structure with the composite material.

<Example 11>
In Example 1, the content of the photocatalyst in the photocatalyst layer was 80% by mass with respect to the solid content to form a composite material. In the same manner as in Example 6, this composite material was attached to both surfaces of the window glass with an adhesive to obtain a window of a building structure with the composite material.

<Comparative example 4>
In Example 1, the antireflection layer was directly formed on the acrylic film substrate, and an antireflection film without a photocatalyst layer was formed. This antireflection film was attached to both sides of the window glass with an adhesive in the same manner as in Example 6 to obtain a building structure window with an antireflection film.

<Comparative Example 5>
In Example 6, the window of the building structure before the composite material was pasted was used.

[Evaluation of antifouling performance]
The contamination of the window glass after 3 months was measured with a color difference meter and evaluated by the color difference ΔE. Moreover, the surface wettability was evaluated by spraying water by spraying after color difference measurement. In addition, it shows that antifouling performance is so high that (DELTA) E is small.
○: Sprayed water spreads wet and exhibits hydrophilicity.
(Triangle | delta): Although the sprayed water spreads wet, it does not spread immediately.
X: Sprayed water adheres in the form of droplets and exhibits water repellency.

[Evaluation of antireflection performance]
At night, lighting was turned on indoors, and the appearance of the outdoor scenery through the window glass was evaluated from a position 3 m away from the window glass on the indoor side.
○: The indoor scenery (including the person being evaluated) is not reflected and the outdoor scenery is visible.
△: Indoor items (including those who are evaluating) are not reflected, but it is difficult to see the outdoor scenery due to dirt.
×: The indoor scene (including the person being evaluated) is reflected, and the outdoor scenery cannot be seen.

[Evaluation of durability]
The removal of the photocatalyst layer after the above [evaluation of antifouling performance] was evaluated.
○: No dropout.
Δ: No problem in practical use, but slight dropout is observed.
X: A large dropout is observed.

  The evaluation results are shown in Table 2.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base material 2 Photocatalyst layer 3 Functional layer 4 Organic substance 5 Sparse part

Claims (7)

  In a method for producing a composite material, which is produced by forming a photocatalyst layer and a functional layer on the surface of a base material, after forming a photocatalyst layer containing a photocatalyst on the surface of the base material, an organic substance decomposable with the photocatalyst is formed on the surface. A step of forming a functional layer to be contained, and a step of irradiating the functional layer with light to activate the photocatalyst in the photocatalyst layer and decompose the organic matter in the functional layer, and the organic matter in the functional layer The manufacturing method of the composite material characterized by the content of 10-40 mass%.   The method for producing a composite material according to claim 1, wherein the functional layer is a layer having a refractive index lower than that of the photocatalyst layer.   The method for producing a composite material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the organic substance decomposable by the photocatalyst is a silane coupling agent having an organic group.   The organic material decomposable by the photocatalyst is colored, The method for producing a composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 3. It is a composite material in which a functional layer is formed on the surface of a base material via a photocatalyst layer, and the photocatalyst layer has a general formula (R ₂ ) _n Si (OR ₁ ) _4-n (n = 0 to ₂ ) as a binder component ) And a photocatalyst having a solid content of 20 to 80% by mass, and the functional layer contains 10 to 40% by mass of a silane coupling agent having an organic group. (However, R ₁ and R ₂ represent a monovalent hydrocarbon group) .   The base material is a transparent glass base material or a transparent plastic base material, and is formed as a member constituting any of a show window, a showcase, a building structure window, and a vehicle window. 5. The composite material according to 5.   The base material is a transparent plastic film, and the surface opposite to the surface on which the photocatalyst layer and the functional layer are formed is a show window, a showcase, a building structure window, or a vehicle window. The composite material according to claim 5, wherein the composite material is affixed.

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