JP5519124B2 - Processing apparatus and processing method for simultaneously processing both surfaces of workpiece - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a processing apparatus that simultaneously processes both surfaces of a workpiece and a processing method thereof.

  For example, a swash plate of a swash plate compressor as a workpiece includes a boss portion having an insertion hole for inserting a shaft, and an inclined disc portion having a predetermined thickness extending around the boss portion, The inclined disc portion has a side surface portion inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the central axis of the boss portion, and an outer periphery that is concentric with the boss portion and extends in the axial direction (parallel to the central axis of the boss portion). With a surface.

  With regard to a method for processing such a swash plate, particularly a side portion on which a shoe slides, as shown in paragraphs (0033) to (0037) of Patent Document 1, a swash plate is attached to a chuck of an NC machine tool, There is known a method of simultaneously processing both side portions (sliding surfaces) of a swash plate by moving a pair of facing tools in the X-axis direction while rotating the plate.

  Specifically, in the NC lathe as shown in FIG. 3, a first tool post 113 having a first tool 112 is attached to the tool table 111 and a second tool tool having a second tool 116. 117 is attached via a retract mechanism 118. The position of the second tool post 117 is corrected by converting the output from the controller 127 into pressure oil by the pneumatic / hydraulic converter 126 and transmitting it to the retract mechanism 118. A swash plate 101 is attached to the chuck 147 via a collet 148.

  When processing the swash plate 101, first, the position of the first tool rest 113 having the first cutting tool 112 is set in accordance with the lower side surface portion 106a of the swash plate 101. That is, it is performed by moving the first tool rest 113 in the Z-axis direction via the tool rest 111. Then, the second tool post 117 having the second cutting tool 116 is corrected and displaced in the Z-axis direction via the retract mechanism 118 to the processing thickness of the upper side surface portion 106 b of the swash plate 101. In this retract mechanism 118, the air pressure based on the signal from the controller 127 is hydraulically supplied via the air hydraulic oil converter 126, and the displacement amount is about 0.3 mm at the maximum.

Thus, when the positions of the first and second cutting tools 112 and 116 are determined, the first and second cutting tools 112 and 116 are moved in the X-axis direction in order to cut the inclined disk portion 104 of the swash plate 101. Move to. Thereby, the swash plate 101 is cut from the outside toward the inside. When this cutting is completed, the pressure oil to the retract mechanism 118 is drained, the second tool post 117 is moved backward in the Z-axis direction, and then the first tool post 113 is moved backward in the Z-axis direction. Then, the first and second tool rests 113 and 117 are moved backward in the X-axis direction to complete the cutting process. The retract mechanism 118 shown in this example is shown in Patent Document 2 and is well known.
JP 2005-42596 A JP 2002-370101 A

  Since the retract mechanism 118 is driven by hydraulic pressure, when air is mixed into the pressure oil and / or the processing load is large, the position of the second tool post 117 is moved from the position set by the controller 127. It may retreat. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, a middle-high defect portion in which the thickness near the center is thicker than the periphery of the inclined disk portion 104 of the swash plate 101 occurs, and as shown in FIG. 5, There was a defective portion in which the outer peripheral portion of the inclined disk portion 104 of the swash plate 101 was raised.

  Therefore, the present invention has an object to eliminate the change in the relative position between the first tool post and the second tool post at the time of cutting in order to eliminate the above-described defective portion.

A machining apparatus for simultaneously machining both surfaces of a workpiece according to the present invention includes: a first tool rest having a first tool set on a machining shape locus of a workpiece directly by an NC on a tool table of an NC lathe; A second tool post having a second bite set by a retract mechanism driven by a hydraulic pressure whose relative position to the first tool post is adjusted by a controller to set a processing thickness of the workpiece; And the second turret is driven with a lock mechanism for locking the second turret with respect to the tool rest in order to fix the relative position of the first turret and the second turret. It is characterized in that it is provided in parallel with the retract mechanism (claim 1).

  With this configuration, the second tool post is advanced to a predetermined cutting position by the output from the controller, and then the lock mechanism is activated to lock the second tool post. For this reason, the second tool post is fixed, and even if a high load is applied, the second tool post does not move backward, and the relative position with respect to the first tool post is always maintained. The cutting with the second cutting tool of the second tool post is performed as instructed by the controller, and the occurrence of a middle-to-high defect portion in which the thickness near the center is increased is eliminated.

Moreover, the processing apparatus which processes both surfaces of the workpiece according to the present invention at the same time is a first cutting tool having a first cutting tool set on the machining shape locus of the workpiece directly by the NC on the tool table of the NC lathe. Providing a table and a second tool post having a second tool set by a hydraulic pressure whose relative position with respect to the first tool post is adjusted by a controller to set a processing thickness of the workpiece; In order to fix the relative position of the first tool post and the second tool post, a lock mechanism for locking the second tool post with respect to the tool base is provided, and the base of the lock mechanism is a tool base. A first thin plate having a number of fixed thin plate portions, and a plurality of thin plate portions that are alternately slidably inserted into the plurality of thin plate portions, and a base portion of the first thin plate portion fixed to the second tool post. The clamping force for the second thin plate and the both thin plate portions It is characterized by comprising more the clamping device added (Claim 2).

In this invention, the lock mechanism has a first thin plate having a large number of thin plate portions whose base portions are fixed to a tool table, and a large number of thin plate portions that are slidably inserted into the numerous thin plate portions. The second thin plate fixed to the second tool post and a clamping device that applies a clamping force to the both thin plate portions, one thin plate constituting the lock mechanism and the other thin plate are alternately arranged By applying a clamping force to both the thin plate portions, a large frictional force is obtained in both thin plate portions, and the second tool post having the second cutting tool is reliably fixed mechanically. In this locking mechanism, both thin plates have a multi-plate shape and the surface pressure is dispersed in a wide range. Therefore, there is no possibility that a specific part is deformed by the clamping force, and the second tool post is slightly deformed in the Z-axis direction. Adjustment can be maintained.

The workpiece is characterized in that it is an example of a swash plate of a swash plate compressor having a boss portion and an inclined disk portion extending around the boss portion ( Claim 3), the inclined disk portion has both side portions, and is an object of simultaneous processing.

The clamping device is characterized in that it is tightened or loosened by switching the hydraulic pressure (claim 4 ), and a large clamping force can be obtained by using the hydraulic device.

A machining method for simultaneously machining both surfaces of a workpiece according to the present invention includes: a first tool rest having a first tool set on a machining shape locus of a workpiece directly by an NC on a tool table of an NC lathe; A second tool post having a second tool set by a retract mechanism that is driven by a hydraulic pressure whose relative position with respect to the first tool post is adjusted by a controller to set the processing thickness of the workpiece; In order to fix the relative position of the first tool post and the second tool post, a lock mechanism for locking the second tool post in parallel with the retract mechanism for driving the second tool post is provided. In the processing apparatus, after determining the position of the first tool post having the first tool, a first position for setting a relative position of the second tool tool having the second tool with respect to the first tool tool. And second blade A positioning step of the table, said locking mechanism is operated, and the second tool rest is characterized in that it comprises a second tool rest of the locking step for locking with respect to the tool base (claim 5) .

  Therefore, after the first and second tool post position setting steps, by having a second tool post locking step for locking the second tool post, the position of the second tool post can be adjusted. Fixing is easily and reliably performed.

As described above, according to the processing apparatus for simultaneously processing both surfaces of the workpiece of the present invention, the second tool post advances to a predetermined cutting position by the output from the controller, and then operates the lock mechanism, By locking the second turret with respect to the tool rest, the second turret is securely fixed mechanically. For this reason, the relative position between the second tool post and the first tool post is maintained, and inconveniences in processing such as the center being higher than the outer side are completely generated. (Claim 1).

The locking mechanism applies a clamping force to the alternately overlapping thin plate portions by a clamping device, whereby a large frictional force is obtained and the second tool post is securely fixed. In addition, since the locking mechanism is multi-plate-shaped and relatively wide, the surface pressure is dispersed in a wide range, so that a specific part is deformed by the clamping force, and the second tool post in the Z-axis direction is also generated. Fine adjustment can also be maintained (Claim 2 ). Further, the present invention is effective for processing a swash plate of a swash plate type compressor having both sides of an inclined disk portion as a workpiece (Claim 3) . Furthermore, it is possible from the pressure oil system utilizing pressurized fluid as a clamping device to obtain a big clamping force (claim 4).

And according to the processing method which processes both surfaces of the workpiece of this invention simultaneously, the position setting process of the 1st and 2nd tool rest, and the lock process of the 2nd tool rest which locks a 2nd tool rest it is so arranged including bets, the first and second tool rest position setting can be securely fixed by the second tool rest locking step (claim 5).

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1A and 1B are a side view and a front view of a swash plate 1 which is a workpiece of the present invention, and this swash plate 1 has an insertion hole 2 for inserting a shaft formed in the center. The boss portion 3 is formed, and an inclined disk portion 4 having a predetermined thickness extending around the boss portion 3 is formed.

  The boss portion 3 is provided at the center of the inclined disk 4, and side portions 3 a and 3 b formed at both ends in the axial direction are formed perpendicular to the shaft core (not shown). In addition, the swash plate disk portion 4 is extended in the axial direction so as to be concentric with the boss portion 3 and the side surface portions 6a and 6b inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the central axis A of the boss portion 3 (the boss portion 3). The outer peripheral surfaces 7 a and 7 b are parallel to the central axis A of the portion 3, and a shoe (not shown) is slid on the side surfaces 6 a and 6 b of the inclined disk portion 4.

  In FIG. 2, the processing apparatus 10 which processes both surfaces of the workpiece of this invention simultaneously is shown. This processing apparatus 10 uses an NC lathe, and a first tool post 13 having a first cutting tool 12 is attached to a tool base 11 provided on a carriage. The first tool rest 13 is moved together with the tool rest 11 in the Z-axis direction and the X-axis direction.

  Similarly, a second tool post 17 having a second cutting tool 16 is also attached to the tool base 11 via a tool holder 20 having a retract mechanism 18. Specifically, the second tool rest 17 is attached to the storage groove 21 of the tool holder 20 by a screw 22. The blade holder 19 is attached to the tool table 11 via a retract mechanism 18.

  The retract mechanism 18 includes a fixed portion 19a attached to the tool base 11 and a movable portion 19b to which the blade holder 20 is attached. The movable portion 19b is pressed against the fixed portion 19a side by a return spring device (not shown). And integrated. A hydraulic cylinder 24 is disposed in the central chamber 23 surrounded by the fixed portion 19a and the movable portion 19b.

  The cylinder body 24a of the hydraulic cylinder 24 is attached to the fixed portion 19a, and the cylinder base 24b is attached to the movable portion 19b. When hydraulic oil is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 24, the hydraulic cylinder 24 extends, The movable portion 19b is moved downward in the Z-axis direction in FIG. The amount of movement is about 0.3 mm, and the position of the second cutting tool 16 in the Z-axis direction is corrected. When the pressure in the hydraulic cylinder 24 is released, the movable portion 19b is returned upward in FIG. 2 in the Z-axis direction by the return spring device.

  The controller 27 controls the supply of pressure oil to the hydraulic cylinder 24. The controller 27 is a device that corrects the processing thickness of the workpiece 1 by the second cutting tool 16 of the second tool post 17, and the air pressure of a predetermined pressure from the controller 27 according to the input numerical value is described below. It is sent to the converter 26.

The air-hydraulic converter 26 has a chamber to which air pressure is supplied on one side, and the air pressure is mechanically converted into a force by the pressure receiving portion 28a disposed therein, and the piston 28b attached to the pressure receiving portion 28a is displaced. . The piston 28b is Masa extraordinary pressure oil chamber 30 in which the oil is filled, the volume of the pressure oil chamber 30 is varied by the displacement. That is, a predetermined air pressure is converted into a predetermined oil pressure and is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 24 of the retract mechanism 18 to drive the hydraulic cylinder 24. 31 is an oil tank.

  As a configuration of the present invention, the blade holder 20 is provided with a lock mechanism 35 that prevents the displacement of the second cutting tool 16 during cutting. The locking mechanism 35 has a longitudinal gap of about 0.1 to 1 mm and a longitudinal gap of about 0.1 to 1 mm, similarly to the thin plate 36 having a large number of thin plate portions 36a that are long in the longitudinal direction. And a thin plate 37 having a large number of thin plate portions 37a long in the longitudinal direction, and the thin plate portions 36a, 37a are alternately inserted, and the base portions of the thin plates 36, 37 are inserted into the blade holder 20, Each is fixed to the tool base 11.

  Then, a pinching device 40 is provided from the outside at the overlapping portions of the thin plates 36 and 37 that are alternately overlapped. The clamping device 40 includes a pressing portion 41 that is movable in one side and a fixing portion 42 that faces the pressing portion 41, and the pressing portion 41 moves to increase or decrease the gap therebetween. In addition, a pressure oil chamber 43 is provided behind the pressing portion 41, and the pressure oil is supplied to the pressure oil chamber 43, so that the pressing portion 41 is displaced in the direction of the fixing portion 42, and between the fixing portion 42. The clamping force can be obtained. Supply of the pressure oil to the pressing part 41 is performed by the direction switching valve 44. 45 is a pump and 46 is an oil tank.

  Since the lock mechanism 35 is configured in this way, the contact area between the thin plate portions 36a and 37a of both thin plates is large, so that the frictional force is also large and the second bit 16 is reliably locked. Further, since the contact area is wide, the surface pressure is dispersed, and a specific portion is not recessed by pressing, and fine adjustment is possible.

  In the above-described configuration, the cutting procedure of the swash plate 1 is as follows. First, the swash plate 1 is gripped by the chuck 47 via the collet 48, and the side surface portion of the inclined disc portion 4 in the X-axis direction perpendicular to the axis of the main shaft. The swash plate 1 is rotated around an axis that is perpendicular to the side surfaces 6a and 6b. As a first step, the first tool rest 13 is set at a predetermined position while rotating the swash plate 1, and then the second tool rest 17 is set. At that time, the position of the second tool post 17 is corrected by the output from the controller 27 in the Z-axis direction.

  Next, as the second step, when the correction of the second tool post 17 is completed, the direction switching valve 44 is switched to operate the clamping device 40, and the pressure oil is supplied to the pressure oil chamber 43 of the clamping device 40. Then, the pressing part 41 moves, the thin plate parts 36a and 37a are clamped from the outside, and the second tool post 17 is locked. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the relative position between the second tool post 17 and the first tool post 13 from fluctuating even during an abnormal load.

  Then, the tool table 11 is advanced in the X-axis direction to process the side surfaces 6a and 6b. When cutting is completed, the direction switching valve 44 is switched, the pressure oil is removed, and the pressing portion 41 is moved backward. Thereby, the clamping force of the clamping device 40 is lost, and the lock is released. Then, the pressure oil in the cylinder 24 of the retract mechanism 18 is removed via the controller 27 and the cylinder 24 is contracted. As a result, the second tool post 17 is retracted (moved upward in FIG. 2) in the Z-axis direction. Further, the first tool post 13 is moved back in the Z-axis direction (moved downward in FIG. 2), and finally the swash plate 1 is moved back in the X-axis direction, thereby completing the cutting process.

  Although the structure shown in this embodiment is preferable as the lock mechanism 35, a known structure for fixing the second tool post 17 may be used.

FIG. 1A is a side view and FIG. 2B is a front view of a swash plate of a swash plate compressor that is a workpiece to be cut using the present invention. It is a schematic block diagram of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the conventional processing apparatus. It is the side view which showed the example of a malfunction which appears on a swash plate at the time of cutting with the conventional apparatus. It is the side view which showed another example of a malfunction which appears on a swash plate at the time of cutting with the conventional apparatus.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Swash plate 3 Boss part 4 Inclined disc part 6a, 6b Side face part 10 The processing apparatus 11 which processes both surfaces of a workpiece simultaneously The tool stand 12 The 1st cutting tool 13 The 1st tool post 16 The 2nd cutting tool 17 2nd Turret 18 Retract mechanism 24 Hydraulic cylinder 26 Pneumatic pressure converter 27 Controller 28a Pressure receiving portion 28b Piston 35 Lock mechanism 36 Thin plate 36a Thin plate portion
37 Thin plate 37a Thin plate portion 40 Holding device 41 Pressing portion 42 Fixed portion 44 Direction switching valve 47 Chuck

Claims (5)

A first tool post having a first tool set on the machining shape trajectory of the workpiece directly by the NC on the tool table of the NC lathe, and a first tool for setting the machining thickness of the workpiece. A second tool post having a second tool set by a retract mechanism driven by a hydraulic pressure whose relative position to the table is adjusted by a controller, and the first tool post and the second tool post. In order to fix the relative position of the workpiece, a lock mechanism for locking the second tool post with respect to the tool rest is provided in parallel with a retract mechanism for driving the second tool rest . Processing equipment that processes both sides simultaneously. A first tool post having a first tool set on the machining shape trajectory of the workpiece directly by the NC on the tool table of the NC lathe, and a first tool for setting the machining thickness of the workpiece. A second tool post having a second tool whose relative position with respect to the table is set by hydraulic pressure adjusted by the controller, and fixing the relative position of the first tool table and the second tool table. Therefore, a lock mechanism for locking the second tool post with respect to the tool base is provided, and the lock mechanism includes a first thin plate having a plurality of thin plate portions whose base portions are fixed to the tool stand, and the plurality of thin plates. A plurality of thin plate portions that are slidably inserted alternately with the second portion, and a base portion of the second thin plate fixed to the second tool post, and sandwiching that applies a clamping force to both the thin plate portions Simultaneously on both sides of the workpiece characterized by comprising an apparatus Processing to processing equipment. 3. The swash plate of a swash plate type compressor, wherein the workpiece has a boss portion and an inclined disk portion extending around the boss portion. A processing device that simultaneously processes both sides of a workpiece. 3. The processing apparatus for simultaneously processing both surfaces of a workpiece according to claim 2 , wherein the clamping device is tightened or loosened by switching hydraulic pressure. A first tool post having a first tool set on the machining shape locus of the workpiece directly by the NC on the tool table of the NC lathe, and a first tool for setting the machining thickness of the workpiece. A second tool post having a second tool set by a retract mechanism whose relative position with respect to the base is driven by a hydraulic pressure adjusted by the controller, and a relative position between the first tool post and the second tool post. In a processing apparatus provided with a lock mechanism for locking the second tool post in parallel with a retract mechanism for driving the second tool post for fixing, respectively, the first tool post having the first tool After the position is determined, the first and second tool post position setting step for setting the relative position of the second tool post having the second tool with respect to the first tool post and the lock mechanism are operated. Let the second blade Processing method for simultaneously processing both sides of the workpiece, characterized in that it comprises a second tool rest of the locking step of locking the platform with respect to the tool base.