JP2015112648A - Double-side multiple spindle machine, and manufacturing method using double-side multiple spindle machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a double-side multiple spindle machine capable of suppressing the generation of chattering.SOLUTION: A double-side multiple spindle machine 1 is equipped with a first machining unit 2 for machining one surface of work W, and a second machining unit 3 for machining the other surface of the work W. The first machining unit 2 and the second machining unit 3 successively machine the work W. The second machining unit 3 has an abutting unit 10 abutting on the work vibrated in a thickness direction by the machining of the first machining unit 2. The abutting unit 10 is installed between a plurality of tools of the second machining unit 3 and equipped with: a cylinder 11 having a rod 12b capable of moving backward/forward to the other surface; and a pad 14 provided on a tip end side of the rod 12b. The pad 14 is projected out to the other surface side more than the plurality of tools of the second machining unit 3 to abut on the other surface by the forward movement of the rod 12b, and retracted into between the plurality of tools by the backward movement of the rod 12b.

Description

  The present invention relates to a double-sided multi-axis machine and a manufacturing method using the double-sided multi-axis machine.

The machining unit of the multi-axis machine is provided with a plurality of tools such as cutting, threading, and drilling so that the cycle time can be shortened.
In addition to the machining unit, the multi-axis machining machine disclosed in Patent Document 1 described below suppresses vibration in the thickness direction of the workpiece via a flat jig for preventing the displacement of the workpiece and a reference plate. And a cylinder.

By the way, multi-axis processing machines include a double-sided multi-axis processing machine having a pair of opposing processing units. This double-sided multi-axis processing machine is a machine tool that can perform double-side processing of a workpiece without reversing the workpiece disposed between a pair of processing units in order to further shorten the cycle time.
Further, the jig for the double-sided multi-axis processing machine is formed in a frame shape, and is configured so as to support the outer peripheral side end of the workpiece and allow the tool of the processing unit to pass through the center of the jig. .

Japanese Patent No. 4382015

However, the conventional jig for a double-sided multi-axis machine does not support the center of the workpiece. For this reason, in the case of a thin flat plate shape in which the workpiece is easily deformed (bent), when the center portion of the flat plate workpiece is milled, vibration in the thickness direction is generated in the vicinity of the processed portion. Moreover, since the cylinder disclosed by patent document 1 is comprised so that it may contact | abut to the edge part of a workpiece | work via a reference | standard board, it cannot absorb the vibration energy which generate | occur | produced in the center part of the workpiece | work.
From the above, when a flat workpiece was machined with a double-sided multi-axis machine, the workpiece vibrated in the thickness direction, and chatter occurred (a striped pattern was formed in the rotation direction of the blade).

  Therefore, the present invention is an invention created in view of the above-described background, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a double-sided multi-axis machine capable of suppressing the occurrence of chatter and a machining method using the double-sided multi-axis machine. To do.

  As a means for solving the above-mentioned problem, a double-sided multi-axis machining apparatus according to the present invention is opposed to one surface of a flat workpiece, a first machining unit for machining the one surface, and the other surface of the workpiece. A second processing unit that processes the other surface, wherein the first processing unit and the second processing unit sequentially process the workpiece, wherein the second processing unit includes: A contact unit that contacts the workpiece that vibrates in a thickness direction by processing of the first processing unit, the contact unit being installed between a plurality of tools of the second processing unit, A cylinder having a rod that is movable forward and backward, and a pad provided on a tip end side of the rod, the pad being on the other surface side of the plurality of tools of the second machining unit by the advance of the rod In It becomes possible contact the other surface said out, characterized by retracting the retraction of the rod between the plurality of tools.

According to the double-sided multi-axis processing machine according to the invention, the pad can be brought into contact with the work by moving the rod forward, and the vibration energy of the work can be absorbed into the pad by making the pad contact with the work. it can.
Moreover, the contact unit is installed between the plurality of tools of the second unit, and the pad can be brought into contact with the back surface (other surface) of the processing portion of the first processing unit or in the vicinity of the back surface.
From the above, vibration energy generated at the center of the workpiece can be absorbed by the pad to reduce the vibration of the workpiece, and chattering can be suppressed.
Further, according to the double-sided multi-axis machining apparatus according to the invention, since the pad can be retracted between the plurality of tools by the retreat of the rod, there is no possibility of preventing the machining in the tool of the second machining unit.
Furthermore, according to the double-sided multi-axis machining apparatus according to the invention, when the rod is advanced and the second machining unit is further advanced to bring the pad into contact with the other surface of the workpiece, the second machining unit is initially Located closer to the workpiece than the state. For this reason, the distance by which the second machining unit is moved to machine the other surface of the workpiece is shortened, and the cycle time from the end of machining by the first machining unit to the start of machining of the second machining unit can be shortened. it can.

  The contact unit includes a spring that supports the pad interposed between the tip of the rod and the pad, and the pad contacts the other surface in a state in which the spring is contracted. Is preferred.

  According to the above configuration, even if the workpiece is moved to the one surface side by machining by the first machining unit, the pad biased by the spring moves to the one surface side of the workpiece and is not separated from the workpiece. And vibration energy absorption by a pad is continued and more vibration energy is absorbed. For this reason, the vibration of the workpiece is further reduced, and the occurrence of chatter is further suppressed.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the said pad is being fixed to the front end surface of the said rod.

  According to the above configuration, the pad is fixed to the rod and does not move even when pressed by the workpiece. For this reason, it is restricted that the workpiece | work which contact | abuts a pad moves to the 2nd process unit side, the vibration which generate | occur | produces in a workpiece | work is reduced, and generation | occurrence | production of chatter is further suppressed.

  Further, as means for solving the above-mentioned problem, a processing method using the above-described double-sided multi-axis processing machine, wherein the first processing unit advances the first processing unit to process the one surface, and the first A second machining step of advancing the two machining units to machine the other surface, wherein the first machining step advances the rod of the cylinder and moves the rod more than the plurality of tools of the second machining unit. A pad advancing step for projecting the pad to the other surface side, and a pad abutting step for advancing the second processing unit to abut the pad on the other surface, the second processing step comprising: A pad retracting step of retracting the rod of the cylinder to retract the pad between the plurality of tools, and a tool processing for performing processing with a tool by further advancing the second processing unit after the pad retracting step. Characterized in that it comprises a degree, the.

According to the machining method of the invention, in the first machining step, vibration energy is absorbed by the pad that contacts the other surface of the workpiece, the workpiece vibration is reduced, and chattering is suppressed.
Moreover, according to the processing method by the said invention, the 2nd processing unit is advanced by the pad contact process at the time of a 1st processing process. For this reason, the distance which the 2nd processing unit moves in a tool processing process becomes shorter than the case where it advances from the position of an initial state, and cycle time shortens.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the double-sided multi-axis processing machine which can suppress generation | occurrence | production of chatter, and the processing method using a double-sided multi-axis processing machine can be provided.

It is the top view which planarly viewed the double-sided multi-axis processing machine which concerns on embodiment. It is the side view which looked at the workpiece | work set to the jig | tool side. (A) is an enlarged view of an abutment unit, (b) is a diagram showing a state where a pad is in contact with a workpiece, and (c) is a diagram showing a state at the time of cutting with a cutting tool. (A) is a figure which shows the state which the 1st processing unit and the pad advanced, (b) is a figure which shows the state which the 2nd processing machine advanced. (A) is a figure which shows the state which the pad retracted, (b) is a figure which shows the state which the 2nd processing machine advanced. (A) is the enlarged view which expanded the contact unit which concerns on a modification, (b) is a figure which shows the state which the pad contact | abutted to the workpiece | work.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the double-sided multi-axis processing machine 1 is a machine tool that processes both surfaces of the workpiece W without reversing the workpiece W, and is opposed to the jig 20 that supports the workpiece W and the right surface of the workpiece W. The first processing unit 2 that processes the right surface and the second processing unit 3 that processes the left surface opposite to the left surface of the workpiece W are provided.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the workpiece W is a flat steel material, and a relatively large circular hole 21 is provided in front of the center portion of the workpiece W. The circular hole 21 is formed at the time of casting.
The jig 20 includes a frame body 22 having a through hole 22a through which a tool of the second processing unit 3 penetrates in the center, and a plurality of locking portions 23 that are locked to the workpiece W. The workpiece W is fixed to the jig 20 by sandwiching the outer peripheral side end of the workpiece W between the frame body 22 and the plurality of locking portions 23.
In addition, the jig 20 is provided with a moving device (not shown) for moving the jig 20, and the workpiece W fixed to the jig 20 is transferred to the first machining unit 2 and the second machining unit 3. (See arrow A in FIG. 1).

As shown in FIG. 1, each of the first machining unit 2 and the second machining unit 3 includes a base 4 having a spindle motor (not shown) and a plurality of spindle shafts 5 protruding from the base 4 toward the workpiece W. And a cutting tool 6 provided at the tip of the spindle shaft 5 and a moving device (not shown) for supporting the base 4 and moving the base 4 in the left-right direction.
The spindle shaft 5 is rotatably provided on the base 4, and is configured such that the spindle shaft 5 is rotated by driving a spindle motor (not shown) and the cutting tool 6 cuts the workpiece W.
The “tool” described in the claims refers to a combination of the spindle shaft 5 and the cutting tool 6. The spindle shaft 5 of the first processing unit 2 protruding toward the circular hole 21 of the workpiece W is referred to as a first spindle shaft 5a, and the spindle shaft of the second processing unit 3 protruding toward the circular hole 21 of the workpiece W. 5 is referred to as a second spindle shaft 5b.

The cutting tool 6a provided on the first spindle shaft 5a of the first processing unit 2 is for milling that cuts the periphery of the circular hole 21 on the right surface of the workpiece W (see FIG. 3C). When milling is performed with the cutting tool 6a of the first spindle shaft 5a, vibration in the thickness direction of the workpiece W is likely to occur around the circular hole 21 of the workpiece W.
On the other hand, the cutting tool 6b provided on the second spindle shaft 5b of the second processing unit 3 is for boring processing that cuts the inner peripheral surface of the circular hole 21 of the workpiece W to adjust the inner diameter. In addition, in the case of boring with the cutting tool 6b of the second processing unit 3, since the force due to the cutting force acts in the plane direction of the workpiece W, the workpiece W does not vibrate in the thickness direction.

Furthermore, the double-sided multi-axis machine 1 of the present embodiment includes a plurality of contact units 10 that can contact the left surface of the workpiece W.
When the right surface of the workpiece W is milled by the cutting tool 6a of the first spindle shaft 5a, the abutting unit 10 abuts on the left surface of the workpiece W, which is the back surface of the machining surface, and the thickness of the workpiece W by milling. This is to absorb vibration energy in the direction.
For this reason, the contact unit 10 of this embodiment is installed in the 2nd process unit 3 located in the back side with respect to the right surface of the workpiece | work W in which milling is performed.
As described above, in the case of boring with the cutting tool 6b of the second machining unit 3, the workpiece W does not vibrate in the thickness direction. Therefore, in this embodiment, the contact unit 10 is not provided in the first machining unit 2 provided on the opposite side of the second machining unit 3 with the workpiece W interposed therebetween, and the weight of the first machining unit is reduced. It has been.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the contact unit 10 includes a cylinder 11 fixed to the base 4, a spring 13 whose left end is fixed to the cylinder 11, and a disk-shaped pad fixed to the right end of the spring 13. 14.
The cylinder 11 includes a circular tube 12a, a rod 12b that protrudes rightward from the circular tube 12a and is slidable in the left-right direction, and a power source (not shown) for sliding the rod 12b. Further, when the rod 12b slides to the left, the pad 14 provided at the tip of the rod 12b is configured to be positioned closer to the base 4 than the tip surface of the tool (see FIG. 1). For this reason, when processing the workpiece | work W with the tool of the 2nd processing unit 3, the contact unit 10 does not interfere with the workpiece | work W (refer FIG.5 (b)).
On the other hand, when the rod 12b slides to the right side, the pad 14 protrudes to the right side beyond the tip surface of the tool. For this reason, when the pad 14 is brought into contact with the left surface of the workpiece W, the tool of the second machining unit 3 does not interfere with the workpiece W.
Examples of the power source include an air pump that can change the air pressure in the circular pipe 12a, a hydraulic pump that can change the hydraulic pressure in the circular pipe 12a, and an actuator that is connected to the rod 12b in the circular pipe 12a. The present invention is not particularly limited.

  The pad 14 is for contacting the work W and absorbing vibration energy generated in the work W. The spring 13 is a coil spring wound many times, and one end is fixed to the tip surface of the rod 12b and the other end is fixed to the back surface (left surface) of the pad.

Further, the plurality of abutting units 10 are arranged between the plurality of tools, and can absorb vibration energy generated in the center portion of the workpiece W.
As shown in FIG. 2, three contact units 10 are arranged so that the pads 14 overlap with the peripheral edge of the circular hole 21 of the workpiece W when viewed from the left-right direction. For this reason, it is possible to efficiently absorb the vibration in the thickness direction of the workpiece W generated on the back surface (other surface) of the portion to be cut by milling with the cutting tool 6a of the first processing unit 2 or in the vicinity of the back surface.

Next, a machining method using the double-sided multi-axis machine 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3 to 5.
The machining method according to the present embodiment includes a preparation process for setting the workpiece W at a predetermined position with respect to the double-sided multi-axis machining machine 1, a first machining process for machining the right surface of the workpiece W by the first machining unit 2, and a second process. And a second machining step of machining the left surface of the workpiece W by the machining unit 3.

  In the preparation step, the workpiece W is fixed to the jig 20, and the workpiece W is advanced by a moving device (not shown) of the jig 20. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, the workpiece W enters between the first machining unit 2 and the second machining unit 3 and is sandwiched between the first machining unit 2 and the second machining unit 3. Become.

  In the first machining step, first, the first machining unit 2 is advanced to bring the cutting tools 6 and 6a close to the right surface of the workpiece W (see arrow B in FIG. 4A). In addition, a pad advancement process is performed in which the rod 14b of the second processing unit 3 is slid to the right to advance the pad 14 (see arrow C in FIG. 4A). According to this, as shown in FIG. 4A, the pad 14 protrudes to the right side beyond the tool of the second machining unit 3.

Next, the second machining unit 3 is advanced (see arrow D in FIG. 4B), and a pad contact process is performed in which the pad 14 is contacted with the left surface of the workpiece W. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4B, the pad 14 comes into contact with the peripheral surface of the circular hole 21 on the left surface of the workpiece W (see FIG. 2).
In the pad contact step, the second processing unit 3 is further advanced from the state in which the pad 14 is in contact with the left surface of the work W to contract the spring 13 (see FIG. 3B).

Next, a spindle motor (not shown) stored in the base 4 of the first processing unit 2 is driven to cut the right surface of the workpiece W with the cutting tool 6a.
Here, as shown in FIG. 3 (c), although the workpiece W is vibrated in the thickness direction (left-right direction) by the cutting of the cutting tool 6 a of the first processing unit 2, the pad 14 pressed by the spring 13. Moves to the left and right in accordance with the vibration of the work W, and the pad 14 is kept in contact with the work W. For this reason, the situation where the pad 14 is separated from the work W and cannot absorb vibration energy is avoided.

Next, in the second processing step, the first processing unit 2 is moved backward. In addition, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), the rod 12b is slid to the left to retract the pad 14 (see arrow E in FIG. 5 (a)), and the pad 14 is retracted between a plurality of tools. The pad retracting process is performed. Thereby, the 2nd processing unit 3 can be advanced, and the blades 6 and 6b can be made to adjoin to the left surface of the workpiece | work W. FIG.
Note that the second machining unit 3 in the pad retracting process is positioned closer to the workpiece W than the initial position (the second machining unit 3 indicated by a broken line in FIG. 5A) in the pad contact process.

Next, the second machining unit 3 is advanced to bring the cutting tools 6 and 6b of the second machining unit 3 close to the circular hole 21 of the workpiece W, and a spindle motor (not shown) is driven to perform a tool machining process. Here, since the position of the second machining unit 3 is located closer to the workpiece W than the initial position, the moving time of the second machining unit 3 is shortened compared to the case of moving from the initial position.
Then, after the end of cutting by the cutting tool 6b of the second processing unit 3, the second processing unit 3 is retracted, and the processing method using the double-sided multi-axis processing machine 1 is completed.

  As described above, according to the double-sided multi-axis processing machine 1 according to the present embodiment, the pad 14 of the contact unit 10 can be in contact with the back side of the peripheral edge of the circular hole 21 cut by the cutting tool 6a of the first processing unit 2. It has become. For this reason, the vibration energy generated in the processing part of the workpiece W is absorbed by the pad 14, the vibration in the thickness direction of the workpiece W is reduced, and the occurrence of chatter is suppressed.

  Further, according to the double-sided multi-axis machining apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, the situation in which the spring 13 supporting the pad 14 contracts and the pad 14 is separated from the work W and cannot absorb vibration energy is avoided. ing. For this reason, the pad 14 absorbs a lot of vibration energy, and the occurrence of chatter is further suppressed.

  Moreover, according to the processing method using the double-sided multi-axis processing machine 1 according to the present embodiment, when the processing by the second processing unit 3 is performed, the moving time of the second processing unit 3 is shortened. For this reason, it is possible to shorten the cycle time from the end of processing of the first processing unit 2 to the start of processing of the second processing unit 3.

As mentioned above, although the double-sided multi-axis processing machine and the processing method using the double-sided multi-axis processing machine 1 according to the embodiment have been described, the present invention is not limited to the example described in the embodiment.
The contact unit 10 according to the embodiment is provided only in the second processing unit 3, but may be provided in both the first processing unit 2 and the second processing unit 3.
Further, in the embodiment, three contact units 10 are provided, but the present invention may be four or five, and may be one as long as the occurrence of chatter can be suppressed. Good.

Further, the contact unit 10 according to the embodiment is formed such that the spring 13 is interposed between the rod 12b and the pad 14 and the pad 14 is displaced together with the workpiece W, but the present invention is not limited to this. .
For example, as shown in FIG. 6A, a contact unit 10a in which the pad 14 is directly fixed to the tip of the rod 12b and the spring 13 is not interposed may be used.
Even in the abutting unit 10a according to such a modification, as shown in FIG. 6B, the pad 14 can be abutted against the left surface of the workpiece W to absorb vibration energy, Occurrence can be suppressed.
Further, according to the modification, the contact unit 10a does not move (displace) the pad 14, so that the work W contacting the pad 14 is restricted from moving to the left side, and vibration generated in the work W is reduced. be able to.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Double-sided multi-axis processing machine 2 1st processing unit 3 2nd processing unit 5, 5a, 5b Spindle shaft 6, 6a, 6b Cutting tool 10, 10a Contact unit 11 Cylinder 13 Spring 14 Pad 20 Jig W Workpiece

Claims (4)

A first processing unit that faces one surface of a flat workpiece and processes the one surface;
A second machining unit facing the other surface of the workpiece and machining the other surface;
A double-sided multi-axis processing machine in which the first processing unit and the second processing unit sequentially process the workpiece,
The second processing unit has a contact unit that contacts the workpiece that vibrates in the thickness direction by processing of the first processing unit,
The contact unit is
A cylinder that is installed between a plurality of tools of the second processing unit and has a rod that is movable forward and backward with respect to the other surface;
A pad provided on the tip side of the rod;
With
The pad protrudes to the other surface side with respect to the plurality of tools of the second machining unit by advancement of the rod and can come into contact with the other surface, and retracts between the plurality of tools by retreating the rod. A double-sided multi-axis machine characterized by The contact unit includes a spring that supports the pad by interposing between the tip of the rod and the pad,
The double-sided multi-axis machining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pad is in contact with the other surface in a state where the spring is contracted.   The double-sided multi-axis machining apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pad is fixed to a tip surface of the rod. A processing method using the double-sided multi-axis processing machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A first processing step of processing the one surface by moving the first processing unit forward;
A second machining step of advancing the second machining unit to machine the other surface;
Have
The first processing step includes
A pad advancing step of advancing the rod of the cylinder to project the pad to the other side of the plurality of tools of the second machining unit;
A pad abutting step of advancing the second processing unit and abutting the pad against the other surface;
Including
The second processing step includes
A pad retracting step of retracting the cylinder rod to retract the pad between the plurality of tools;
A machining method using a double-sided multi-axis machine, comprising: a tool machining process in which the second machining unit is further advanced after the pad retracting process to perform machining with a tool.

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