JP5517017B2 - 反復性の高度に限定されたイメージの再構成法 - Google Patents
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Description
本出願は、2007年2月19日付で出願された、発明の名称が「反復性の高度に限定されたイメージの再構成法(Iterative Highly Constrained Image Reconstruction Method)」の米国特許仮出願第60/901,727号に基づく。
本発明は、米国国立衛生研究所によって認められた認可番号第DK073680に基づいて、政府の支援でなされた。米国政府は、本発明に一定の権利を有する。
本発明の分野はイメージング法であり、特に取得画像データから画像を再構成する方法である。
合成画像は、走査中に取得されたデータから再構成され、フィールド・オブ・ビューで構造体を表す、他の取得画像データだけでなく画像フレームを再構成するために用いられる合成画像を含んでもよい。数式(2)の分子は、合成画像において、対応する信号値を用いた各画素に重み付けし、分母は、全逆投影信号サンプルが、画像フレームに対する投影総和を反映し、合成画像の総和により乗算されないように、その値を正規化している。
本発明は、画像を再構成する新しい方法であり、詳細には、対象または取得画像フレームの取得ビューから画像を再構成する改善された方法である。HYPR法は、画像フレームデータセットと初期合成画像を使って画像フレームを再構成するのに用いられ、その場合、このHYPRプロセスが、ある反復で作成される再構成画像フレームを次の反復で使用される合成画像に置き換えて繰り返される。再構成画像フレームは、アンダーサンプリングされたk空間データセットまたは画像フレームが取得された瞬間の対象の正確な描写に急速に収束する。
特に図1及び図9を参照すると、本発明は、HYPR画像再構成法を難しい臨床用途で使用することを可能にするHYPR画像再構成法の改善である。HYPRと同様に、画像フレーム2が、プロセスブロック5に示すように取得される。画像フレーム2は、MRI、CT、PET、SPECT、超音波といった任意の数の異なるイメージング・モダリティを用いて取得され得る。画像フレーム2は、画像化される対象をアンダーサンプリングするビューのセットとし得ること、または、それが取得された方法のために低SNRを有する画像フレームとし得ることを特徴とする。
AeiΦA×BeiΦB=Abei(ΦA+ΦB)
式中、AとBは、2つの複素数の大きさである。同様に、除算は、以下のように表すことができる。
Ae-iΦA/BeiΦB=A/Bei(ΦA-ΦB)
本発明は、多くの異なる医用イメージング・モダリティ、及び多くの異なる臨床用途に適用することができる。本発明の広い権利範囲を示すために、本発明の多数のこれら臨床用途は以下で説明される。
φ=tan-1Q/I
Claims (18)
- イメージング・システムのフィールド・オブ・ビュー(FOV)内に配置された対象の画像を作成する方法であって、
a)前記イメージング・システムを用いて、前記FOV内に配置された前記対象のビューを取得するステップと、
b)画像化されるべき前記対象の先験的情報を提供する前記対象の合成画像を作成するステップと、
c)前記合成画像に埋め込まれた前記対象の前記先験的情報を使って、前記ステップa)で取得された前記ビューの高度に限定された画像再構成処理を行うステップと、
d)前記ステップc)を複数回反復して前記対象の最終画像を作成するステップであり、ある反復で生じる画像を、次の反復で前記合成画像として用いるステップと、
を含む方法。 - 前記ステップa)で前記対象の複数のビューが取得され、前記ステップc)のプロセスが、
c)i)前記FOVにビューを逆投影するステップと、
c)ii)各FOV画像ピクセルに逆投影される値を、前記画像ピクセルにおける前記対象の前記先験的情報に基づいて重み付けするステップと、
を含む画像再構成である請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記ステップc)ii)が、
前記各FOV画像ピクセルに逆投影される値に前記合成画像内の値を乗算するステップと、
前記乗算の積を正規化するステップと、
を含む請求項2に記載の方法。 - 前記イメージング・システムが磁気共鳴イメージング・システムであり、前記ステップc)が、前記ステップc)i)の逆投影の前に各選択ビューをフーリエ変換するステップを含む請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記イメージング・システムが、MRIシステムであり、
前記ステップc)ii)が、前記ステップa)で前記投影ビューを取得するのに使用される受信側チャネルの受信側チャネル感度プロファイルの先験的情報に基づいて、前記画像ピクセルを重み付けするステップも含む請求項3に記載の方法。 - 前記画像が、ステップa)で取得される、1組の投影角から前記FOV内の前記対象を描写するビューから形成され、前記対象の高度に限定された画像が、前記ステップc)で、
前記投影角のそれぞれにおける前記合成画像の投影を計算するステップと、
前記高度に限定された画像内の各ピクセル値を、前記合成画像投影のそれぞれにおける値で除算するステップと、によって正規化される請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記イメージング・システムが、MRIシステムであり、
前記高度に限定された画像内の各ピクセル値が、前記ステップa)で前記ビューを取得するのに使用される受信側チャネルの感度プロファイルから導出される値によって重み付けされる、請求項6に記載の方法。 - 前記ステップa)を繰り返して、前記対象の複数のビューを取得するステップと、
前記ステップa)で取得される前記ビューの異なるものを使って前記ステップc)及びd)を繰り返し、前記対象の追加画像を作成するステップと、
を含む請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記ステップa)で取得される前記ビューが、異なるビュー角度で取得される投影ビューである請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップa)で取得される前記ビューが、前記対象において変化が起こるある期間にわたって取得され、ステップc)i)が、前記ステップa)の実行においてある時間間隔に取得されるビューのセットを選択するステップを含み、ステップb)が、前記時間間隔を含み、前記時間間隔より長い時間ウインドウの間に、前記ステップa)で取得されるビューのセットを選択するステップと、前記選択されるビューから前記合成画像を再構成するステップと、を含む請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記医用イメージング・システムが磁気共鳴イメージング・システムであり、すべての計算が複素数値を用いて行われる請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップa)が前記取得されるビューを拡散強調するパルスシーケンスを用いて行われ、前記ステップb)が前記対象の高品質な解剖学的画像を取得するステップを含み、
前記ステップd)で作成される前記最終画像が拡散強調画像である請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記ステップa)が、異なる拡散強調で複数回行われ、前記ステップc)及びd)が複数回行われて、対応する複数の異なる拡散強調画像が作成される請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップa)で取得される前記ビューがラジオグラフ画像であり、前記ステップb)で作成される前記合成画像が、前記対象の、前記ラジオグラフ画像より高品質な画像であり、前記ステップc)の前記処理が、前記ラジオグラフ画像の品質を改善する請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップa)が繰り返されて複数のラジオグラフ画像が取得され、前記ステップc)及びd)が繰り返されて、各ラジオグラフ画像の品質が改善される請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記イメージング・システムがX線イメージング・システムである請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記ステップc)が、
c)i)フィルタ関数を用いて前記ラジオグラフ画像をブラーリングするステップと、
c)ii)フィルタ関数を用いて前記合成画像をブラーリングするステップと、
c)iii)前記のブラーリングしたラジオグラフ画像を、前記ブラーリング合成画像で除算して、正規化重み付け画像を作成するステップと、
c)iv)前記正規化重み付け画像内のピクセル値を、前記合成画像内の前記対応するピクセル値で乗算するステップと、
を含む請求項14に記載の方法。 - 前記のブラーリングするステップが、各画像をフィルタカーネルで畳み込むことによって行われる請求項17に記載の方法。
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